EP0460004B1 - Charpente spatiale et son module de construction - Google Patents

Charpente spatiale et son module de construction Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0460004B1
EP0460004B1 EP90903035A EP90903035A EP0460004B1 EP 0460004 B1 EP0460004 B1 EP 0460004B1 EP 90903035 A EP90903035 A EP 90903035A EP 90903035 A EP90903035 A EP 90903035A EP 0460004 B1 EP0460004 B1 EP 0460004B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
horizontal
members
module
space frame
upright
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90903035A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0460004A1 (fr
Inventor
Leszek Aleksander Kubik
Marian Leszek Kubik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kubik Leszek Aleksander
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Kubik Leszek Aleksander
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Publication of EP0460004A1 publication Critical patent/EP0460004A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0460004B1 publication Critical patent/EP0460004B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1936—Winged profiles, e.g. with a L-, T-, U- or X-shaped cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1978—Frameworks assembled from preformed subframes, e.g. pyramids
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1984—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework rectangular, e.g. square, grid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to space frames, particularly but not exclusively for use as horizontal structures bridging spaces between supports.
  • a space frame is especially suitable for covering a substantial space with support only at the edges, the structure being otherwise self-supporting, with no need for intervening upright supports.
  • a space frame commonly comprises upper and lower grids of structural members, joined by interconnecting members to form a rigid three dimensional structure.
  • a space frame is used, for example, for a roof structure where a large space unencumbered by upright supports is important. It can also be used for the floors and roof of a multi-storey office block. A space frame can also be used as a temporary structure such as a temporary floor covering a swimming pool or as an out-door stage or roof for such a stage.
  • space frame is described in our own earlier Patent GB-B-2054694.
  • This structure has upper and lower grids of horizontal structural members interconnected by upright structural members at intersections of the upper and lower grid members.
  • the complete space frame is built up from a series of modules each comprising one upright member and horizontal upper and lower structural members. Modular construction is attractive because much of the assembly work can be carried out in factory conditions and the modules merely require joining together on site. Each module is normally constructed by welding the various elements together in a jig.
  • An object of the present invention is to overcome this difficulty.
  • a space frame comprising an upper grid of horizontal structural members joined together at upper intersections, a lower grid of horizontal structural members joined together at lower intersections and upright structural members interconnecting the grids at their intersections, the structure being formed from prefabricated modules, is characterised in that each module comprises one of the upright members and horizontal structural members permanently joined to one end only of the upright member, alternate modules being assembled into the space frame in relatively inverted positions with the free ends of horizontal members of one module each joined to the free end of the upright member of an adjacent module.
  • these modules can be stacked together more compactly for transportation than the modules of our earlier patent. This facility can make it more attractive to serve a wider geographical area from a single module manufacturing facility.
  • the upright and horizontal members forming a module are welded together.
  • the invention is particularly useful with a welded construction because good access is available for welding equipment.
  • the horizontal structural members may be I-section steel members.
  • Preferably the horizontal members of one module are joined to adjacent modules by bolts.
  • Each end of a horizontal structural member for joining to another module may incorporate a connector plate secured thereto and extending beyond the end thereof.
  • the free end of the upright member of each module may incorporate a connector comprising vertical plates for joining to the connector plates of horizontal members.
  • the upper and lower grids of horizontal structural members may each be in an orthogonal pattern provided by modules each incorporating four horizontal structural members.
  • Diagonal braces may be provided, extending from at least some of the horizontal members to the upright member of the same module.
  • the invention also extends to a module for use in construction of a space frame as set out above, the module being formed as a welded together assembly of an upright structural member and horizontal structural members, characterised in that all the horizontal structural members are welded or otherwise permanently connected to and extend out from one end only of the upright member.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a space frame constructed from modules as shown in Figures 2 to 4.
  • the basic structure incorporates an upper orthogonal grid of horizontal structural members 11 which in this example are of equal lengths so that they form a square pattern.
  • An optional feature is the provision of diagonal braces 14.
  • intersection 15 is a joint in the upper grid between structural members of the same module and intersection 16 is a corresponding lower joint.
  • intersection 17 is a connection of several modules in the upper grid and intersection 18 is a corresponding lower connection.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates two typical modules A and B.
  • suffixes A, B etc refer to the module of which an item is a part.
  • Module A is in what will be referred to as a regular orientation with four horizontal structural members 21A to 24A at its lower end and an upwardly extending vertical structural member 25A.
  • Members 21A to 24A are I-section steel members and member 25A is a square section hollow steel member.
  • Members 21A to 24A have square cut ends and are welded directly to the four faces of the square section member 25A.
  • Member 25A may be closed off by an end plate 26A welded thereto.
  • a reinforcing plate 27A (best seen as 27B in module B) may be a square flat plate with diagonally offset square aperture so that it fits over member 25A (or 25B) and has a corner in contact with each horizontal member. It is then secured by welding both to the vertical member and to the horizontal members. Plate 27 is optional.
  • each horizontal member that is the end remote from the welded joint to the upright member, incorporates a connector plate 28 which will be described subsequently in greater detail.
  • the free end of the upright member 25, that is the end remote from the welded joint with its horizontal members incorporates a connector 31 for joining with connector plates 28 of other modules. Details of connector 31 are best illustrated in module B.
  • the end of upright member 25B is closed off by a square plate 32.
  • a cruciform structure of four small vertical plates 33 is formed by welding the plates to one another and to the end plate 32.
  • Each of the four plates making up the cruciform arrangement is adapted to receive and to be joined to a plate 28 from another module.
  • each plate may be provided with a bolt hole so that the components can be bolted together.
  • Module B is shown in the opposite orientation from module A in that the upright member 25 projects downward instead of upward from the four horizontal members 21B to 24B.
  • horizontal member 24A of module A is joined to connector 31B of module B and similarly horizontal member 22B of module B is joined to connector 31A of module A.
  • Figure 5 shows the connection together of several modules and illustrates in greater detail the connector plates 28 and the connectors 31 on the ends of the upright members.
  • three other modules C, D and E in the same regular orientations as module A each have a horizontal member joined to this connection.
  • a typical horizontal member 24A from a module A incorporates a connector plate 28A welded to the web of the I-section horizontal member. Plate 28A extends out beyond the end of member 24A and has a central bolt hole 34A.
  • Corresponding parts 22C, 28C, 34C and 23D, 28D, 34D are shown in different orientations for the modules C and D.
  • Corresponding parts 21E, 28E and 34E for a further module E are not illustrated in Figure 5.
  • the horizontal members 24A, 22C, 23D and 21E are secured to end connector 31B of upright member 25B.
  • This connector is shown to comprise an end plate 32B carrying a cruciform arrangement of connector plates 33B, not all of which are shown.
  • Each plate 33B incorporates a bolt hole through which a bolt (not shown) is passed to join the respective horizontal member to the upright member 25.
  • Figure 6 shows two possible modifications for joining connector plates 28 to horizontal structural members where greater strength is required.
  • Plate 28F of Figure 6 is slightly longer than the corresponding plate 28A of Figure 5 and in addition to being welded to horizontal member 21F is bolted to it by a single bolt (not shown).
  • the plate 28H is still longer than plate 28F and is bolted to horizontal member 23H by two bolts (not shown).
  • FIG 7 shows a single module G similar to module A of Figure 1 but also incorporating diagonal braces.
  • Each diagonal brace is a steel member 35 welded to the top surface of its associated horizontal structural member near the outer end thereof and to the corresponding face of the square section upright member 25G near the top thereof.
  • These braces 35 are optional and as illustrated in Figure 1 it may be convenient to provide them at certain locations around the edge of the complete structure, omitting them from other parts of the structure. Thus some modules may have less diagonal braces than they have horizontal members.
  • the resulting structure is relatively strong and light and is easy to assemble on site. It may be assembled by starting from one corner or edge with a module fixed to an appropriate support for the structure and then adding one module at a time. Alternatively some assemblies of groups of modules may be pre-assembled together and then moved into position for connection to other such sub-assemblies.
  • Each module is manufactured in a jig which holds the structural members in their required relative positions. Because the horizontal structural members are provided at only one end of the upright member, good access is available to the joint in all required directions to establish an effective weld.
  • the diagonal braces 35 if required are added subsequently.
  • modules other than corner and edge modules are identical to each other and for the corner and edge modules merely to omit one or two horizontal members and incorporate correspondingly modified connectors 31 and reinforcing plates 27.
  • the space frame could be used in a composite steel and concrete structure as described in our European Patent Application 378 354.
  • the upper horizontal members may have a smaller cross sectional area than the lower members because the strength of the upper members is supplemented by embedding in concrete. In such a case, two different module designs are required, one for standard orientation and the other for inverted orientation.
  • each module should have unequal length horizontal member.
  • the structure is to be a cambered or pitched roof, typically with up to a few degrees of pitch or camber for drainage purposes, small variations in angles between members or between lengths of members may be required to achieve the pitch or camber.
  • Such small variations from true vertical and horizontal as occur for the components and the structure as a whole do not affect the fundamental nature of the structure and are intended to be comprehended within general references to vertical and horizontal directions.
  • the cross section and material of the structural members may be varied.
  • the uprights could be round tubes.
  • horizontal members could be T sections or I sections with unequal flanges.
  • Horizontal members for one direction may differ in section from those in the other direction. Aluminium or some other material could replace steel for specialist applications where weight is critical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Slot Machines And Peripheral Devices (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Structure Of Telephone Exchanges (AREA)
  • Joining Of Corner Units Of Frames Or Wings (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Bâti tridimensionnel comprenant une grille supérieure (11) d'organes horizontaux de construction (21B, 22B, 23B, 24B) raccordés à des intersections supérieures (15), une grille inférieure (12) d'organes horizontaux (21A, 22A, 23A, 24A) de construction raccordés à des intersections inférieures (16), et des organes verticaux (13 ou 25) de construction raccordant les grilles à leurs intersections, la structure étant formée de modules préfabriqués (A, B, etc.), caractérisé en ce que chaque module comporte un organe vertical (25) et des organes horizontaux (21, 22, 23, 24) de construction raccordés de manière permanente à une première extrémité seulement de l'organe vertical, des modules qui alternent (A et B, etc.) étant assemblés sous forme du bâti tridimensionnel en positions inversées les uns par rapport aux autres, les extrémités libres des organes horizontaux d'un module étant raccordées chacune à l'extrémité libre de l'organe vertical d'un module adjacent.
  2. Bâti tridimensionnel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'organe vertical (25) et les organes horizontaux (21 à 24) formant un module sont soudés les uns aux autres.
  3. Bâti tridimensionnel selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les organes horizontaux (21 à 24) de construction sont des organes d'acier à section en I.
  4. Bâti tridimensionnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les organes horizontaux (21A, 22B) d'un premier module sont raccordés à des modules adjacents par des boulons (trous 34A, 34B de passage de boulon).
  5. Bâti tridimensionnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que chaque extrémité d'un organe horizontal de raccordement à un autre module comporte une plaque (28) de raccordement qui lui est fixée et qui dépasse de l'extrémité.
  6. Bâti tridimensionnel selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité libre de l'organe vertical de chaque module comprend un organe (31) de raccordement qui possède des plaques verticales (33) destinées à assurer le raccordement à des plaques (28) de raccordement d'organes horizontaux.
  7. Bâti tridimensionnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les organes supérieurs et inférieurs de construction sont disposés avec un dessin orthogonal produit par des modules comprenant chacun quatre organes horizontaux de construction.
  8. Bâti tridimensionnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre des tirants (35) placés en diagonale entre certains au moins des organes horizontaux et l'organe vertical du même module.
  9. Module (A ou B) de bâti tridimensionnel selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, formé par montage soudé d'un organe vertical (25) de construction et d'organes horizontaux (21 à 24) de construction, caractérisé en ce que tous les organes horizontaux de construction sont soudés ou raccordés d'une autre manière permanente à une extrémité seulement de l'organe vertical (25) et dépassent de cette extrémité.
EP90903035A 1989-02-21 1990-02-12 Charpente spatiale et son module de construction Expired - Lifetime EP0460004B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8903925 1989-02-21
GB898903925A GB8903925D0 (en) 1989-02-21 1989-02-21 Space frame

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0460004A1 EP0460004A1 (fr) 1991-12-11
EP0460004B1 true EP0460004B1 (fr) 1993-12-15

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ID=10652052

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90903035A Expired - Lifetime EP0460004B1 (fr) 1989-02-21 1990-02-12 Charpente spatiale et son module de construction

Country Status (12)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0460004B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE98728T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5094790A (fr)
DE (1) DE69005296T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0460004T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2020707A6 (fr)
GB (1) GB8903925D0 (fr)
HU (1) HU207556B (fr)
IE (1) IE900607L (fr)
NO (1) NO913255L (fr)
RU (1) RU1838527C (fr)
WO (1) WO1990010125A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11905708B2 (en) 2018-01-16 2024-02-20 Brandsafway Services, Llc Modular space frame support system, work platform system and methods of erecting the same

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5260141A (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-11-09 Regents Of The University Of Minnesota Diamond coated products
GB9209651D0 (en) * 1992-05-05 1992-06-17 Asw Cubic Structures Limited Space frame structure
CN109372120B (zh) * 2018-11-13 2020-05-29 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） 一种两向正六边形网格结构及其构建方法
CN113309285B (zh) * 2021-06-01 2022-06-24 徐州嘉联建设工程有限公司 一种便于施工的组合式钢结构网架及其组合方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2054694B (en) * 1979-06-08 1983-03-16 Kubik M L Structural frame
FR2616203B1 (fr) * 1987-06-04 1990-07-06 Accard Yves Structure tridimentionnelle a assemblage par emboitement

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11905708B2 (en) 2018-01-16 2024-02-20 Brandsafway Services, Llc Modular space frame support system, work platform system and methods of erecting the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU1838527C (ru) 1993-08-30
IE900607L (en) 1990-08-21
HU207556B (en) 1993-04-28
ES2020707A6 (es) 1991-09-01
ATE98728T1 (de) 1994-01-15
DE69005296D1 (de) 1994-01-27
DK0460004T3 (da) 1994-04-18
HU901948D0 (en) 1992-02-28
AU5094790A (en) 1990-09-26
WO1990010125A1 (fr) 1990-09-07
GB8903925D0 (en) 1989-04-05
NO913255D0 (no) 1991-08-20
EP0460004A1 (fr) 1991-12-11
NO913255L (no) 1991-08-20
DE69005296T2 (de) 1994-05-19
HUT60344A (en) 1992-08-28

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