EP0449124B1 - Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0449124B1
EP0449124B1 EP91104485A EP91104485A EP0449124B1 EP 0449124 B1 EP0449124 B1 EP 0449124B1 EP 91104485 A EP91104485 A EP 91104485A EP 91104485 A EP91104485 A EP 91104485A EP 0449124 B1 EP0449124 B1 EP 0449124B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat
annular
heat exchanger
medium
annular chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91104485A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0449124A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubert Vogt
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904010151 external-priority patent/DE4010151A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0449124A1 publication Critical patent/EP0449124A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
    • F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
    • F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an annular gap heat exchanger, which consists of four concentrically arranged tubes, so that between the individual tubes there are annular gaps or annular chambers, of which the respective inner annular gap is flowed through by the heat transfer medium and the respective outer one by the heat-absorbing medium, the heat transfer medium Gas and the heat absorbing medium is a liquid medium.
  • annular gap heat exchangers with three concentrically one inside the other arranged tubes known which form an inner tube and two annular chambers adjoining it to the outside.
  • the gaseous heat transfer medium flows through the inner annular chamber, while the heat-absorbing medium, ie a liquid, for example water, flows through the outer annular chamber.
  • the inner tube is closed on both ends and contains no medium.
  • a disadvantage of this known annular gap heat exchanger is that due to the flow running along the tube axis, the heat transfer between the two annular chambers leaves something to be desired, because the heat-carrying medium only has a comparatively short residence time within its associated chamber (assuming normal flow velocity) and because during this Flow, which can be partially laminar, the wall contacts are not given to the extent necessary.
  • annular gap heat exchanger In order to take these deficiencies into account, an annular gap heat exchanger has already become known in which the inner annular chamber containing the heat-carrying medium has a very small cross-section in order to generate highly turbulent flows within this annular chamber and at the same time to increase the flow velocity, so that an intimate wall contact given is.
  • a disadvantage of this known annular gap heat exchanger is that the flow resistances in the inner annular chamber become very high, so that such a heat exchanger cannot be connected to any machine with different outlet pressures.
  • a heat exchanger which consists of four concentric tubes, a wire helix being provided in all annular chambers in order to force a helical flow.
  • the invention is accordingly based on the object of designing a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset such that the heat transfer is as complete as possible with universal usability of the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger should be able to be manufactured with the least possible manufacturing outlay.
  • Another advantage of the arrangement according to the invention is that the channel cross section of the inner annular chamber formed in this way can have normal dimensions, so that the heat exchanger according to the invention can be connected to any motors or the like.
  • the heat transfer from the heat-carrying medium in the inner annular chamber to the heat-absorbing medium in the outer annular chamber is further improved because the outer wall is acted upon more strongly by the heat-carrying medium than the inner one .
  • any other known heat exchanger which is known as a so-called tube bundle heat exchanger.
  • this heat exchanger several smaller cross sections (tube bundles) are arranged within a larger tube, wherein the tubes of the tube bundle can be flowed through by the heat-carrying medium; while the heat-absorbing medium flows around them on their outer surfaces.
  • the tubes of the tube bundle can also have the heat-absorbing medium flow through them and the heat-carrying medium can flow around them.
  • the flow around the tubes of the tube bundle with the heat-carrying or the heat-absorbing medium is brought about by baffles which protrude into the space of the larger tube containing the tube bundle and thus ensure a cross-flow of the tube bundle.
  • Such a heat exchanger is complex and expensive.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is provided, at least in the central annular chamber, which serves to hold the heat-carrying medium, with helically arranged flow channels, which bring about a positive guidance for the heat-carrying medium.
  • These flow channels are expediently formed by sheets extending in a plane perpendicular to the tube axis, which can be made from annular sheet metal sections which are bent up and are welded to one another and to the outer surface of the tube in accordance with the length of the respective passage. In this way, a screw is created that serves to guide the heat-carrying medium, that is, the gas.
  • This screw can have a slight distance from the inner surface of the next outer tube so that the tubes can be easily inserted into one another.
  • the gap formed in this way between the outer edges of the sheets and the inner surface of the associated tube has practically no influence on the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the cross sections of the helical or helical channels decrease from the gas inlet to the gas outlet in order to compensate for the increasing density due to the heat loss so that the outlet velocity remains constant.
  • the screw parts can be connected to the pipes by welding.
  • the helically arranged flow channels In order to achieve a higher throughput, it can be expedient to design the helically arranged flow channels to have multiple courses, preferably two courses.
  • annular gap heat exchanger 1 designed according to the invention, which consists of four tubes 2 to 5 arranged concentrically one inside the other, the inner tube 2 being closed on its end faces 6.
  • the pipes 2 to 5 enclose annular chambers 7 to 9, the heat-carrying medium, a gas, flowing through the middle annular chamber 8 and the heat-absorbing medium, a liquid, through the inner and outer annular chambers 7 and 9.
  • the heat-carrying medium flows into the annular chamber 8 in the direction of the arrow 10 and exits from it in the direction of the arrow 11.
  • the heat-absorbing medium flows through the inner annular chamber 7 and the outer annular chamber 9 in the direction of arrows 12 and 13 into the annular chambers and emerges from them in the direction of arrows 14 and 15.
  • the heat-carrying medium thus moves in the illustrated embodiment in countercurrent to the heat-absorbing medium. A movement of these media in direct current is possible.
  • the heat-carrying medium in the central annular chamber 8 is subjected to a helical (helical) flow around the inner tube 2 in the direction of the arrow 16.
  • the heat-absorbing media moving in the opposite direction in the direction of arrows 17 and 18 can optionally also be subjected to a helical movement around their inner tube 2 within their annular chambers 7 and 9.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a perspective view of the heat exchanger 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and illustrates these relationships.
  • the gaseous heat-carrying medium is guided in the direction of the indicated flow line 19 (see also arrow 20) around the pipes 2 and 3, so that the heat exchanger effect on which the invention is based occurs.
  • This helical flow 19 runs in the annular chamber 8, while the annular chambers 7 and 9 are acted upon by the heat-absorbing medium, which - as explained - in turn can be subjected to a helical movement.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective illustration similar to FIG. 3 and illustrates the formation of helically arranged flow channels 21 which bring about a forced guidance of the heat-carrying medium.
  • These flow channels 21 are formed by plates 23 which extend in a plane perpendicular to the tube axis 22 and which represent lateral channel walls 24 (see FIG. 6) through which the heat-carrying medium is guided.
  • the sheets 23 can be produced from annular sheet metal sections which are bent up and welded to one another and to the outer surface of the tube 3 in accordance with the length of the respective aisle. In this way, a screw 25 is created which serves to guide the heat-carrying medium.
  • Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig. 1 and illustrates the structure of the flow channels 21 in the event that a helical flow is provided for both the heat-carrying medium and the heat-absorbing medium.
  • helical channel walls 26 and 27 can also be provided in the two annular chambers 7 and 9, which enclose the middle annular chamber 8, which allow the helical movement of the heat-absorbing medium bring about.
  • the lines 28 lead the heat-absorbing medium into the heat exchanger, which exits again through the lines 29, while the line 30 supplies the heat-carrying medium to the heat exchanger, which exits again at 31.
  • the directions of movement according to arrows 10 to 15 correspond to those according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 6 and 7 show a constructive embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention in detail.
  • the supply and discharge lines for the heat-carrying medium on the one hand and the heat-absorbing medium on the other hand are provided with the same reference symbols as in FIG. 5. With 32 a vent connection is designated.
  • annular chambers 7 to 9 are provided with helical channel walls 24 and 26 and 27, which include screw-like or helical channels 21 or 33 and 34 between them.
  • the screw parts are connected to the associated pipe outer surfaces by weld seams 35.
  • the outer edges 25 of the screw parts 23 are at a slight distance 36 from the inner surface of the next outer tube, so that the tubes are easily inserted into one another can. This distance or gap 36 has no significant influence on the efficiency of the heat exchanger.
  • the cross sections of the helical or helical channels 21 in the central annular chamber 8 for the heat-carrying medium decrease from the gas inlet 30 to the gas outlet 31 in order to compensate for the increasing density due to the heat loss in such a way that the outlet velocity remains constant .
  • the cross sections of the flow channels in the two annular chambers 7 and 9 containing the heat-absorbing medium can - as shown - remain constant.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation and a partial section of a two-course design of the helical flow channels 21.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire, composé de tubes disposés concentriquement les uns dans les autres, de sorte que soient crées des chambres annulaires entre les différents tubes, l'échangeur de chaleur (1) étant composé de quatre tubes (2, 3, 4, 5) disposés concentriquement les uns dans les autres, de sorte que sont constituées trois chambres annulaires (7, 8, 9), dont seule la chambre annulaire (8) médiane, enclose par chacune des deux autres chambres annulaires (7, 9) est parcourue par un écoulement d'évacuation de chaleur, se présentant sous forme gazeuse, et seulement dans cette chambre annulaire (8) parcourue par le fluide d'évacuation de chaleur étant prévues des tôles de guidage (23), pour produire un écoulement hélicoïdal forcé, les deux chambres annulaires (7, 9) extérieures (7, 9) étant parcourues par un écoulement d'un fluide recevant de la chaleur, se présentant sous forme liquide, la chaleur apportée passant tant du côté intérieur du cylindre de la chambre annulaire médiane (8) qu'également sur son côté extérieur, dans les chambres annulaires (7, 9) contenant le fluide recevant de la chaleur, de sorte qu'au moyen de l'écoulement hélicoïdal du fluide d'évacuation de chaleur se produisant dans la chambre annulaire médiane a lieu un transfert de chaleur, conjoint et simultané, dans les deux chambres annulaires extérieures (7, 9) enclosant la chambre annulaire médiane (8).
  2. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fluide d'évacuation de chaleur et le fluide de réception de chaleur se déplacent à contre-courant (16, 17, 18)..
  3. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les tôles de guidage (23) constituent dans la chambre annulaire médiane des canaux d'écoulement (21) s'étendant dans un plan perpendiculairement par rapport à l'axe de tube (22).
  4. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les deux tôles (23) sont fabriquées en sections de tôles annulaires, pliées et soudées, ensemble et à la face extérieure du tube (3), de manière correspondante à la longeur du parcours respectif, de manière à constituer une hélice.
  5. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les arêtes extérieures (25) de l'hélice ont un faible espacement vis-à-vis de la face intérieure du tube (4) extérieurement le suivant.
  6. Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire selon l'une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les sections transversales des canaux hélicoïdaux (21, 33, 34) vont en diminuant, au moins à l'intérieur de la chambre annulaire (8) médiane destinée au fluide d'évacuation de chaleur, en allant de l'entrée de gaz (3) à la sortie de gaz (31).
EP91104485A 1990-03-29 1991-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire Expired - Lifetime EP0449124B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4010151 1990-03-29
DE19904010151 DE4010151A1 (de) 1989-03-31 1990-03-29 Ringspaltwaermetauscher

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0449124A1 EP0449124A1 (fr) 1991-10-02
EP0449124B1 true EP0449124B1 (fr) 1995-05-24

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EP91104485A Expired - Lifetime EP0449124B1 (fr) 1990-03-29 1991-03-22 Echangeur de chaleur à espace annulaire

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EP (1) EP0449124B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE123139T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59105547D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014182397A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Bruce Hazeltine Échangeur de chaleur monolithique et appareil et procédés pour l'hydrogénation d'un halogénosilane

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9420731D0 (en) * 1994-10-14 1994-11-30 Stokes Keith H An improved heat exchange ventilator
WO2002034059A1 (fr) * 2000-10-23 2002-05-02 Alejandro Mendez Appareil industriel de conditionnement aseptique de denrees perissables
WO2003021177A1 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-13 Mahendra Chhotalal Sheth Systeme de tuyauterie, procede de realisation et methode connexe de transfert thermique
CN105333613B (zh) * 2014-08-15 2019-05-14 长沙英芙机电科技有限公司 一种热水器和冷凝器
GB201419963D0 (en) 2014-11-10 2014-12-24 Rolls Royce Plc Heat exchanger
CN104534909A (zh) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-22 合肥市百胜科技发展股份有限公司 水冷套
CN104501479A (zh) * 2014-12-24 2015-04-08 武汉浩宏科技有限公司 一种双螺旋式冷凝器及其空气能热水器
US10266414B2 (en) * 2015-06-16 2019-04-23 Hemlock Semiconductor Operations Llc Susceptor arrangement for a reactor and method of heating a process gas for a reactor
CN105258402A (zh) * 2015-11-10 2016-01-20 苏州海而仕信息科技有限公司 管道式热交换器
IT201800004323A1 (it) * 2018-04-09 2019-10-09 Dispositivo scambiatore di calore fra una sorgente di energia termica ed un fluido e dispositivo termoidraulico di riscaldamento di un fluido comprendente detto scambiatore
CN110530174B (zh) * 2019-07-16 2020-10-13 武汉科技大学 一种基于自激振荡腔室的纵列管式环流换热器

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB605241A (en) * 1943-10-09 1948-07-19 Johan Marie Visser Improvements in and relating to heat exchangers for flowing liquids or gases
GB787010A (en) * 1956-08-31 1957-11-27 Wellman Smith Owen Eng Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to furnace recuperators or like recuperative heat exchangers
NO146579C (no) * 1980-07-11 1982-10-27 Bjoern Borg Varmeveksler for stroemmende medier.
EP0062691A1 (fr) * 1981-04-15 1982-10-20 Elpag Ag Chur Echangeur de chaleur

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014182397A1 (fr) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Bruce Hazeltine Échangeur de chaleur monolithique et appareil et procédés pour l'hydrogénation d'un halogénosilane
CN105473501A (zh) * 2013-05-07 2016-04-06 布鲁斯·黑兹尔坦 卤代硅烷加氢用单块整体热交换器和设备及方法
US9308510B2 (en) 2013-05-07 2016-04-12 Bruce Hazeltine Monolithic heat exchanger and apparatus and methods for hydrogenation of a halosilane
CN105473501B (zh) * 2013-05-07 2019-10-29 布鲁斯·黑兹尔坦 卤代硅烷加氢用单块整体热交换器和设备及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE123139T1 (de) 1995-06-15
EP0449124A1 (fr) 1991-10-02
DE59105547D1 (de) 1995-06-29

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