EP0446107B1 - Übertragungssystem für elektrische Energie, im Mikrowellenbereich, mit kreismagnetischem Effekt, wie ein Zirkulator, Isolator oder Filter - Google Patents

Übertragungssystem für elektrische Energie, im Mikrowellenbereich, mit kreismagnetischem Effekt, wie ein Zirkulator, Isolator oder Filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446107B1
EP0446107B1 EP91400557A EP91400557A EP0446107B1 EP 0446107 B1 EP0446107 B1 EP 0446107B1 EP 91400557 A EP91400557 A EP 91400557A EP 91400557 A EP91400557 A EP 91400557A EP 0446107 B1 EP0446107 B1 EP 0446107B1
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Prior art keywords
gyromagnetic
inductor
disk
inductors
thickness
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French (fr)
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EP0446107A1 (de
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Patrick Desmarest
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Tekelec Airtronic
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Tekelec Airtronic
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/32—Non-reciprocal transmission devices
    • H01P1/38—Circulators
    • H01P1/383—Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators
    • H01P1/387—Strip line circulators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for transmitting electrical energy, at microwave frequencies, with a gyromagnetic effect, such as a circulator, insulator or filter, of the type described in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention aims to propose a transmission system of the type stated above, which at least makes it possible to greatly reduce this parasitic capacity so as to increase the natural frequency and that the other parameters of the system such as the geometric dimensions of the gyrator device , the number of conductive strands of the inductors and the coupling coefficient can be advantageously chosen without this being detrimental to the natural resonant frequency.
  • a transmission system comprises the characteristics set out in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • a circulator comprising in the middle between the two gyromagnetic disks and the set of conductors, on either side thereof, stacked one on the other, a dielectric disk. and a disc of metal sheets.
  • the dielectric discs are produced in the form of discs of thin thickness determined to allow the adaptation of the input impedance to the value of the resistance of the load. To this end, the thickness of the discs should be reduced.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective and exploded view of a dielectric power transmission system according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view along a vertical plane passing through the line II-II of Figure 1, in the assembled state and on a larger scale.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective and exploded view of a first embodiment of the gyrator device 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective and exploded view of a second embodiment of the gyrator device 1 of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 5 is a third embodiment of the gyrator device according to FIG. 1.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show curves defining the relationship respectively between the limit frequency on the one hand and the admissible power and on the other hand, the diameter of the gyromagnetic pellet.
  • an electrical energy transmission system, microwave, gyromagnetic effect essentially comprises a gyrator device 1 capable of being mounted on a printed circuit board 2 disposed between plates upper and lower respectively 3 and 4 made of metal or a non-magnetic alloy, for example aluminum, each provided with a central bore 5 intended to receive a pole piece 7 for example of steel and a magnet 8.
  • An upper magnetic closure plate 10 and a lower magnetic closure plate 11 are disposed respectively on the free outer surfaces of the upper and lower magnets 8.
  • the assembly is surrounded by a belt 12 consisting of several elements 13, 14, 15 and magnetically connecting the plates upper and lower closure 10 and 11 to close the magnetic circuit.
  • the belt has three connectors 16 which are fixed to three sides of the plates 3 and 4 in the assembled state of the system.
  • the printed circuit board 2 has in its center a recess 17 adapted to receive the gyrator device 1.
  • the board 2 carries on its upper surface a pattern of bands and electrically conductive zones, namely three substantially radial bands 19 which extend from the edge of the recess 17 to the edge of the plate and are intended to be electrically connected each to the conductor 18 (FIG. 2) of one of the connectors 16, and three zones 20 which are electrically isolated at 21 from the bands 19 and are intended to be in electrical contact with the upper plate 3 which bears on each zone 20 by a pin 22 and constitutes a ground electrode.
  • each strip 19 is generally connected to the corresponding conductor 18 via an adaptation network, not shown, and comprising LC type cells, in a manner known per se.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 three embodiments of a gyrator device 1 according to the present invention will be described below.
  • the gyrator device 1 comprises a configuration of three inductors 23, 24, 25 each comprising two conducting strands 27, 28 arranged in the same plane which are parallel and connected at their indicated ends at 29 and 30. These ends are produced in the form of electrical connection lugs, one of which, for example the lug 29 is connected to one of the earth zones 20 of the printed circuit on the wafer 2 and of the gyrator device while the other tab bearing the reference 30 will be electrically connected to one of the conductive strips 19 of the printed circuit.
  • These inductors 23 to 25 can be made of any suitable conductive metal and have a self-supporting structure. The inductors are electrically isolated from each other by interposition an appropriate insulator. The inductors are arranged so as to be angularly offset by 120 °.
  • Two discs 32, 33 of circular shape in the example shown, made of an electrically insulating material and of low permittivity are arranged on either side of the configuration of the three inductors 23 to 25. These discs could be discs Teflon or a dielectric material such as ceramic. On each disc 32, 33 is placed a disc 34, 35 respectively of a gyromagnetic material, such as ferrite material. The external face of each gyromagnetic disc is therefore, in the assembled state of the system, in contact with a metallic plane which may or may not be connected to the ground of the system. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the various connecting lugs 29, 30 radially project from the assembly formed by the stack of disks 32 to 35 on the central configuration of the inductors 24, 25, so that they can be electrically connected to the circuit printed brochure 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the gyrator device 1 in which the insulating layer, of low permittivity is formed by four discs or plates of thinner thickness 37 to 40 which are stacked between the upper and lower gyromagnetic discs 34, 35.
  • three inductors 23 to 25 are each arranged between two neighboring insulating discs, being angularly offset by 120 °, as shown in Figure 3.
  • each inductor has ten parallel strands.
  • Each inductor can be made so as to present a self-supporting structure or be laid, in the form of a printed circuit on a surface of one of the discs 37 to 40, of course providing a support for the connecting lugs 29, 30.
  • the discs 37 to 40 are advantageously made made of a dielectric material such as ceramic.
  • the insulating layer of low permittivity is formed by seven disks 42 to 48 which are stacked between the gyromagnetic disks 34, 35 while sandwiching the inductances therebetween.
  • each inductor is divided into two halves which, in the whole of the gyrator are juxtaposed and electrically connected in parallel.
  • the inductance 23 of FIGS. 3 and 4 is now formed by the two half-inductors 23a and 23b, interposed respectively between the disks 43, 44 and 46, 47, that is to say between two pairs of different disks .
  • the inductors 24 and 25 are formed respectively by the half-inductors 24a, 24b and 25a, 25b and arranged between two pairs of different discs, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the general structure of such a transmission system is known per se and therefore does not need to be described in more detail.
  • the discs made of a gyromagnetic material 34, 35 are immersed in the static magnetic field generated by the magnets 8, as is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the magnetic circuit is closed by the plates of upper 10 and lower 11 closure and the belt 12.
  • Via the connectors 16 a perpendicular microwave field is applied to the gyromagnetic material, the wavelength of this field being very large compared to the length of the axes of the gyromagnetic discs, so that the field is uniform in the volume of these.
  • the natural frequency that is to say the operation of the gyrator device 1
  • This operating frequency constitutes the limit frequency of the system.
  • the frequency to which the system will be granted is determined by the paralleling on each input or access of the gyrator device 1 of a capacity (not shown) and the relative bandwidth as well as the resistance can be modified by means of LC type cells inserted at the entrance of the gyrator device.
  • each Teflon disc could have a thickness of 0 , 1 mm, which gives a total thickness of the insulation of 0.7 mm.
  • the limit frequency F of a gyrator according to the invention is multiplied by ⁇ K compared to a conventional gyrator if K is the coefficient by which the parasitic capacity has been reduced by providing the insulating layers of low permittivity , as just described.
  • insulator of low permittivity and relatively high thickness of 1 to several tenths of a millimeter also makes it possible to increase the dimensions of the discs of gyromagnetic material and the number of strands constituting the inductors and thus improve the coefficient of coupling.
  • the admissible power can be multiplied by two or three taking into account the lower thermal resistance, the larger heat exchange surfaces and a better distribution of energy inside the gyromagnetic material. Thanks to the measures which have just been indicated, it is possible to reduce the losses and increase the relative frequency band.
  • Figures 6 and 7 which respectively show the limit frequency F (in MHz) and the admissible power Pa (in Watts), as a function of the diameter D of the disc made of gyromagnetic material, such as ferrite material, (in cm) confirm what has just been said.
  • curve A gives the values of a system typical of the conventional technique
  • curve B gives the values which have been measured, under the same conditions as for curve A, of a system according to the invention, that is to say comprising an insulator of low permittivity and a high thickness between the configuration of the inductors and the gyromagnetic ferrite discs.
  • the relative passing frequency bands of a system according to the invention can have a width which is twice that of a known system in the low frequency zone of 30 MHz.
  • the techniques for implementing the invention can be diverse.
  • the layer added to reduce the parasitic capacity can be an insulator of the adhesive type or not, a dielectric such as ceramic of low permittivity, or the like.
  • the printed circuits can be simple or double-sided or of the multilayer type.
  • the shape of the pellets of gyromagnetic material can have any other known suitable shape. It is the same with regard to the insulating layer 8 and the inductors.
  • the number of pads and insulating layers may vary.
  • the invention is also applicable to a system structure using only one gyromagnetic pad on which the configuration of the inductors will be placed, with interposition for curve A, of a system according to the invention, that is to say comprising an insulator of low permittivity and of a high thickness between the configuration of the inductors and the gyromagnetic ferrite discs.
  • the relative passing frequency bands of a system according to the invention can have a width which is twice that of a known system in the low frequency zone of 30 MHz.
  • the techniques for implementing the invention can be diverse.
  • the layer added to reduce the parasitic capacity can be an insulator of the adhesive type or not, a dielectric such as ceramic of low permittivity, or the like.
  • the printed circuits can be simple or double-sided or of the multilayer type.
  • the shape of the pellets of gyromagnetic material can have any other known suitable shape. It is the same with regard to the insulating layer 8 and the inductors.
  • the number of pads and insulating layers may vary.
  • the invention is also applicable to a system structure using only one gyromagnetic pad on which the configuration of the inductors will be placed, with interposition at least one insulating layer of low permittivity. Of course, the number of access fittings can be different and vary between two and a higher number.

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Claims (9)

  1. System zur Übertragung elektrischer Energie im Hyperfrequenzbereich, mit gyromagnetischem Effekt, wie ein Zirkulator, Isolator oder Filter, mit einer Gyratorvorrichtung (1), die wenigstens ein Chip vorzugsweise in Form einer Scheibe aus gyromagnetischem Stoff wie Ferritstoff besitzt, dessen eine Fläche an ein Bezugspotential gelegt ist, und mit einer Vorrichtung von wenigstens zwei Abstimminduktivitäten (23 bis 25), die voneinander elektrisch isoliert sind und auf der anderen Fläche des Chips aufgebracht sind und deren eines Ende an die Masse der Gyratorvorrichtung (1) gelegt ist, während das andere Ende mit einer Eingangsklemme des Übertragungssystems verbunden ist, wobei die Gyratorvorrichtung (1) einem homogenen magnetostatischen Feld zu Erregung des Gyrators ausgesetzt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Scheibe aus elektrisch isolierendem Stoff mit geringer Permittivität zwischen wenigstens der Induktivitätenvorrichtung und der entsprechenden Scheibe aus gyromagnetischem Stoff eingesetzt ist, wobei diese Scheibe vorbestimmter Dicke als kapazitives Mittel, das mit den Streukapazitäten der Gyratorvorrichtung in Reihe geschaltet ist, ein Mittel zur Erhöhung der natürlichen Resonanzfrequenz der Gyratorvorrichtung (1) durch Vergrösserung seiner Dicke und Verringerung seiner relativen Permittivität bildet.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtdicke des vorgenannten isolierenden Scheibenstoffes von der Dicke der gyromagnetischen Scheibe abhängt und annäherungsweise durch den Ausdruck bestimmt wird E max = 2H 3
    Figure imgb0005
     in dem H die Dicke der gyromagnetischen Scheibe und Emax die maximale Gesamtdicke der Isolierschichtmittel darstellen.
  3. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, mit zwei Chips (34, 35) aus gyromagnetischem Stoff auf beiden Seiten der Vorrichtung der Induktivitätennetze (23 bis 25), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Scheibe (32, 33) aus elektrisch isolierendem Stoff geringer Permittivität zwischen der Induktivitätenvorrichtung (23 bis 25) und jedem gyromagnetischem Chip (34, 35) eingesetzt ist.
  4. System nach Anspruch 3, mit drei Induktivitäten (23 bis 25), die winkelmässig um 120° gegeneinander versetzt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine vorgenannte elektrisch isolierende Scheibe geringer Permittivität (38, 39) zwischen der zentralen Induktivität (25) und jeder anderen Induktivität (23, 24) eingesetzt ist.
  5. System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Induktivitäten (23 bis 25) übereinander gestapelt und in Form flacher Schaltkreiselemente, die von zwei zueinander parallelen Teilen gebildet werden, ausgebildet sind, und jede Induktivitätsteil in einer anderen Ebene in dem Stapel angeordnet ist, und dass eine vorgenannte Scheibe aus elektrisch isolierendem Stoff geringer Permittivität (43 bis 47) zwischen zwei nebeneinander angeordneten Induktivitätsteilen angeordnet ist.
  6. System nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Induktivität (23 bis 25) oder ein Induktivitätsteil (23a, 23b bis 25a, 25b) in Form eines auf einer Seite eines isolierenden Plättchens (37 bis 40 ; 42 bis 48) gedruckten Schaltkreises ausgebildet ist.
  7. System nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Induktivität (23 bis 25) eine gewisse Anzahl von Leiterelementen, vorteilhafterweise zwischen 2 bis 10, besitzt.
  8. System nach einem der vorgenannten Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es drei winkelmässig gegeneinander um 120° versetzte Induktivitäten besitzt.
  9. System nach einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gesamtdicke der isolierenden Scheiben in der Grössenordnung von 0,7 mm bei einem Isolator mit einer relativen Permittivität wie Teflon in der Grössenordnung von 2 liegt.
EP91400557A 1990-03-09 1991-02-28 Übertragungssystem für elektrische Energie, im Mikrowellenbereich, mit kreismagnetischem Effekt, wie ein Zirkulator, Isolator oder Filter Revoked EP0446107B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9003056A FR2659499B1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Systeme de transmission d'energie electrique, aux hyperfrequences, a effet gyromagnetique, tel que circulateur, isolateur ou filtre.
FR9003056 1990-03-09

Publications (2)

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EP0446107A1 EP0446107A1 (de) 1991-09-11
EP0446107B1 true EP0446107B1 (de) 1996-05-01

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US (1) US5153537A (de)
EP (1) EP0446107B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2037722A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69119122T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2659499B1 (de)

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JPH06164222A (ja) * 1992-11-25 1994-06-10 Murata Mfg Co Ltd マイクロ波用磁性体及びその製造方法
US5774024A (en) * 1993-04-02 1998-06-30 Murata Manufacturing Co, Ltd. Microwave non-reciprocal circuit element
JP3178239B2 (ja) * 1994-04-28 2001-06-18 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子
TW306106B (en) 1996-04-03 1997-05-21 Deltec New Zealand Circulator and its components
SE506598C2 (sv) * 1996-05-20 1998-01-19 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Cirkulator
JP3077057B2 (ja) * 1997-01-14 2000-08-14 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子
US6097271A (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-08-01 Nextronix Corporation Low insertion phase variation dielectric material
JP3348669B2 (ja) 1998-03-30 2002-11-20 株式会社村田製作所 非可逆回路素子
SE0101042D0 (sv) 2001-03-23 2001-03-23 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Circulator and network
US7095291B1 (en) * 2005-02-28 2006-08-22 Renaissance Electronics Corporation Resonant structure and method for lumped element in nonreciprocal device
DE102012214013A1 (de) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Zirkulator-Bauelement
RU2570228C1 (ru) * 2014-10-28 2015-12-10 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Способ изготовления y-сочленения в виде системы переплетённых проводников
RU2570665C1 (ru) * 2014-10-28 2015-12-10 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" Многофункциональное ферритовое развязывающее устройство
CN212366158U (zh) * 2020-06-22 2021-01-15 深圳市华扬通信技术有限公司 低场拼装式隔离器

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US3490053A (en) * 1967-09-13 1970-01-13 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Junction type circulator
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JPS4917160Y1 (de) * 1968-10-02 1974-05-02
DE2253175A1 (de) * 1972-10-30 1974-05-09 Siemens Ag Zirkulator mit in mic-technik ausgebildeten anschlussarmen
DE2607844A1 (de) * 1976-02-26 1977-09-01 Siemens Ag Zirkulator mit konzentrierten bauelementen fuer den bereich der dezimeterwellen
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US4904965A (en) * 1988-12-27 1990-02-27 Raytheon Company Miniature circulator for monolithic microwave integrated circuits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69119122D1 (de) 1996-06-05
US5153537A (en) 1992-10-06
CA2037722A1 (en) 1991-09-10
EP0446107A1 (de) 1991-09-11
DE69119122T2 (de) 1996-12-12
FR2659499B1 (fr) 1992-11-27
FR2659499A1 (fr) 1991-09-13

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