EP0445437A2 - Agencement pour brûleur - Google Patents

Agencement pour brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0445437A2
EP0445437A2 EP90125799A EP90125799A EP0445437A2 EP 0445437 A2 EP0445437 A2 EP 0445437A2 EP 90125799 A EP90125799 A EP 90125799A EP 90125799 A EP90125799 A EP 90125799A EP 0445437 A2 EP0445437 A2 EP 0445437A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
tube
filling shaft
burner arrangement
burnout
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90125799A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0445437A3 (en
EP0445437B1 (fr
Inventor
Konrad Brandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Publication of EP0445437A2 publication Critical patent/EP0445437A2/fr
Publication of EP0445437A3 publication Critical patent/EP0445437A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0445437B1 publication Critical patent/EP0445437B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/10—Under-feed arrangements
    • F23K3/14—Under-feed arrangements feeding by screw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/22—Controlling thickness of fuel bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner arrangement with a combustion tube, in particular in the pre-arrangement of a boiler for the purpose of heating it.
  • the prior art provides so-called pre-ovens in a pre-arrangement of boilers which are operated in the manner of a burner arrangement.
  • the supplied solid material is burned in the forehearth, the flame of which is directed through a combustion tube onto the combustion chamber of a downstream boiler.
  • the result is an undefined flame with a comparatively low temperature, combined with a high dust emission, ie with a comparatively high proportion of unburned parts.
  • a pre-furnace operation is therefore associated with a comparatively low efficiency. Pollution, soot and environmental pollution are great.
  • the known preliminary furnaces have a solids supply, which does not allow pressure sealing on the inlet side. In accordance with the external atmospheric pressure, practically only constant pressure operation with reduced draft ratios of primary and secondary air is possible in the forehearth. Fan connections are not provided and would also be ineffective due to the constant pressure operation.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the abovementioned prior art by creating a burner arrangement with a burner tube which is simple in construction and nevertheless has good heating efficiency with low-pollutant flue gas combustion and can also be used in a variety of ways.
  • the solids supply device is connected directly to the filling shaft, it is particularly expedient to provide a blower with a metering device for the controlled supply of air.
  • the solids feed device preferably comprises a cellular wheel sluice or a solids screw conveyor, which opens at the underside of the filling shaft and extends to the grate of the filling shaft.
  • an upwardly curved ramp is preferably provided at the end of the screw conveyor, which extends to the grate.
  • the aforementioned construction according to the invention differs from conventional preliminary furnaces or underfeed furnaces in that the solid material is pressed into the combustion chamber of the filling shaft designed as a gasification chamber by means of a screw conveyor or the like and then admixed in particular primary and secondary air by means of blowers. Due to the screw conveyor, which is cold during operation, no burn-back to the free solid material on the inlet side is possible, and perfect “overpressure operation" in the filling shaft or gasification chamber is possible, which has good draft conditions, in particular due to the blower.
  • the blower is expediently connected to an air distribution chamber located in the interior of the burner arrangement, which feeds sub-air or primary air via a first air duct to the underside of the filling duct below the grate and secondary air via a second air duct substantially close above the grating of the filling duct.
  • a section of the second air duct runs directly past the filling shaft wall, as a result of which the secondary air is optimally heated before entering the filling shaft.
  • the air distribution chamber has a connection for a third air duct, via which so-called upper air is supplied to the top of the filling shaft clearly above the grate.
  • the inlet opening of the upper air into the filling shaft is preferably laterally and supports the passage of the combustion air to the downstream swirling chamber in such a way that, on the one hand, in the swirling chamber a defined turbulence occurs and the flue gas is likewise fed through the swirl chamber to a downstream combustion pipe.
  • the air distribution chamber has a further fourth air duct, which feeds so-called comparatively cool outlet air directly to the entrance of the burnout tube.
  • the supply line of the aforementioned outlet air cools the high-quality flame exposed to a rotary movement (swirl) in the burnout tube, from a flame temperature of approx. 1100 o C to a flame temperature of 800 o C.
  • This means that the flame emerging from the burner arrangement is less NO x , since the NO x formation only occurs at 600 o C. It is evident from this last-mentioned measure that optimal environmentally friendly combustion is low in pollutants.
  • the swirl chamber preferably extends essentially in the transverse direction horizontally behind the filling shaft.
  • the swirl chamber is designed in the form of a tube, one axial end of which is closed and the other axial end of which is arranged essentially concentrically with the downstream burnout tube and is connected to the latter.
  • the diameter the tube of the swirl chamber larger than the diameter of the burnout tube. A bundling of the material to be fired is thus achieved when it enters the burnout tube.
  • the division of the burnout tube is easy because there is an opening flange opposite the flame outlet, which makes it easy to see the swirl chamber and the burnout tube.
  • a defined swirl in the swirling chamber is established in particular in that the swirling chamber has a tubular jacket opening, in particular with a tangential wall area connection to the filling shaft.
  • the pipe casing opening corresponds approximately to the width of the filling shaft, the entrance of the burnout pipe being located essentially at the level of the assigned axial side of the pipe casing opening of the swirl chamber.
  • baffles are provided in the swirling chamber, which are preferably arranged helically on the inner circumference (with the exception of the tube casing opening), the screw pitch being directed in the direction of the entrance of the burnout tubes.
  • the burnout pipe has a plurality of individual burner pipes which are parallel to the axis.
  • the burnout tube or the individual combustion tubes consist of a high-quality ceramic material such as silicon carbide.
  • the tubes have a small wall thickness and reach a high ignition temperature very early in the start-up phase of a burning operation. Silicon carbide tolerates temperature changes and withstands aggressive gases. The component is also easy to replace.
  • the swirling chamber can also be formed from silicon carbide or the like.
  • the material of the filling shaft or the pre-gasification chamber is preferably a fire-resistant concrete lining.
  • the burner arrangement has in particular cube or box shape of compact cut.
  • the basic housing can have steel walls, in particular an external heat insulation jacket being provided. Behind it is an all-round water jacket, which is connected to the downstream boiler.
  • the burner arrangement according to the invention enables, in particular, the automatic firing of wood chips and chips (carpenter material).
  • the basic housing is designed so that a different installation technique is possible.
  • the water flow of the basic housing is designed so that radiation loss from the burner arrangement is prevented.
  • the burner can be regulated quickly and is controlled via the boiler temperature. It has great flexibility with regard to the types of loading.
  • case loading is also possible the filling shaft from above through a feed opening with a closure arranged there.
  • the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of feed depend to a large extent on the fuel. If underfeed loading is provided, the grate in the feed area is recessed to accommodate the end of the aforementioned ramp. The firing material is pushed up here. Extending the material transport shaft beyond the grate ensures optimal predrying and better loosening of the fired goods. Overall, the design of the grate depends on the ash content and the degree of slagging of the fuel.
  • the screw conveyor is in operation, which is driven by a motor which in turn is controlled by the boiler temperature.
  • the electrical ignition device is in operation for about 10 minutes.
  • the forwarded wood chips or chips begin to smolder and are pushed further on the ramp into the filling shaft or pre-carburetor room.
  • the combustion air supplied causes combustion of primary air and secondary air via the blower.
  • a level indicator or transmitter in the form of a swivel lever is installed in the combustion chamber or filling shaft, which actuates a level switch to switch off the screw conveyor.
  • the burner arrangement works independently like an oil burner, and any boiler output can be heated even in the smallest low-load operation.
  • the advantage of the pre-swirling chamber lies in particular in the starting phase of the burner arrangement, since a good burn-out can already be achieved in the starting phase.
  • the fresh air / gas mixture is then optimally prepared for the burnout section.
  • a burner arrangement 10 is provided for automatically burning industrial wood chips and chips (carpenter material).
  • the basic housing is designed so that a different installation technique is possible.
  • the burner arrangement 10 essentially comprises a filling chute 11 for solids to be burned, a solids supply device connected to the filling chute 11, a swirling chamber 12 arranged downstream of the filling chute and a side burnout tube 13 following the swirling chamber.
  • blower 14 with a metering device is provided for the controlled supply of combustion air.
  • the blower 14 is connected to an air distribution chamber 15 located in the interior of the burner arrangement, which supplies sub-air 1 through a first air duct to the underside of the filling shaft and secondary air 2 through a second air duct close above the grate 18 to the filling shaft, a section 17 of the second air duct passes directly past the vertical inner filling shaft wall 18 in order to set up optimal preheating of the secondary air.
  • the air distribution chamber 15 is also connected to a third air duct, which supplies the upper air 3 to the upper side of the filling shaft 11 clearly above the grate 18 in a manner as will be described below.
  • Dosing devices are located in the individual air ducts for lower air 1, secondary air 2 and upper air 3 Form of adjusting screws 6, which allow quantity regulation by rotation. In operation, metering air 5 flowing into the air distribution chamber 15 flows through the fan 14 in a controlled manner to the individual areas of the filling shaft 11 for the purpose of optimizing the combustion and flow.
  • the blower 14 ensures a so-called "overpressure operation" of the combustion chamber, in particular because the filling shaft 11 is tightly connected to the solids supply device 9 on the inlet side.
  • the solids supply device 9 is designed according to the embodiment of the drawing as a so-called underfeed feed and provides for an automatic supply of the solid to be burned, industrial wood chips, chips or the like.
  • a screw conveyor 26, which is motor-driven and controlled by the boiler temperature.
  • the screw conveyor 26 is essentially in a horizontal extension on the front side and extends below the grate 16 into the burner arrangement 10, closely followed by an upwardly curved ramp 27 which is guided up to a recess in the grate 16.
  • the material is pressed through the screw up to the top of the filling shaft, an electric ignition device 28 being provided under the ramp 27 being in operation in the start-up phase of the burner arrangement for approx. 10 minutes, so that the chips supplied, wood chips or the like. begins to smolder and is brought to combustion in the filling shaft or pre-gasification chamber through the blower 14 supplied primary and secondary air.
  • the burner assembly is constructed in a cube or box shape in a compact manner and has an outer heat insulation jacket 32, which is followed on the inside by a circumferential water jacket 33 which is connected via a connection 34 to a boiler (not shown).
  • the individual fuel tubes 25 are made of silicon carbide and have a small wall thickness, which reaches a high ignition temperature early on when being put into operation. Silicon carbide tolerates temperature changes and withstands aggressive gases. The component is also easy to replace.
  • the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13 has an annular channel 23, which is illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the annular duct 23 is connected on the input side to a fourth air duct, which is connected to the aforementioned air distribution chamber 15 or to the aforementioned fan 14 in order to convey comparatively cool exhaust air 4 to the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13 during operation, namely through axially parallel outlet openings 24 which set up a passage from the ring channel 23 to the entrance 19 of the burnout tube 13.
  • the outlet air 4 is pressed out of the ring channel 23 on the outer edge of the individual fuel pipes against the flow of the fuel gas and is then only active in the individual fuel pipes in such a way that the flame temperature is staggered from approx. 1100 o C to 800 o C, which is the NO Mixing favorably influenced, ie essentially reduces the NO x formation.
  • the upper horizontal edge 35 lies approximately in an extension of the top of the vertical filling shaft wall 18.
  • a defined rotary movement or a swirl of the fuel gas is generated in the swirling chamber 12, which continues up to the individual combustion tubes 25 of the combustion tube 13 and there ensures a high-quality defined flame flow, which even after exiting the combustion tube 13 in a targeted manner can be directed to the combustion chamber of the downstream boiler.
  • the inlet 20 of the upper air 3 to the filling shaft 11 is located on the side of the burner arrangement 10 opposite the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13, so that the upper air 3 supports the axial flow of the fuel gas in the swirling chamber towards the burnout tube 13.
  • swirl baffles 22 can be provided, which are arranged in a helical shape.
  • the screw pitch runs in the direction of the burnout tube 13 for the purpose of establishing an axial delivery component for the fuel gases flowing through.
  • the invention therefore provides, in particular, a solid-fuel forced-air burner which has a chute to be fed from below or from above.
  • the outer basic unit is water-bearing, with the outer jacket being cube-shaped.
  • the fuel gas is injected into the swirl chamber tangentially with an effective swirl effect.
  • the individual combustion pipes or the burnout pipe are arranged in a lateral arrangement in a coaxial extension of the Swirling chamber behind the filling shaft 11 or degassing shaft.
  • the combustion air supply is achieved with the aid of a blower 14, the air being able to be optimally supplied to the individual burner arrangement points via an air distribution chamber 15, in particular in that each air point is provided with a metering throttle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
EP90125799A 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur Expired - Lifetime EP0445437B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9002826U 1990-03-09
DE9002826U DE9002826U1 (de) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Brenneranordnung

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93110619.9 Division-Into 1990-12-29

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0445437A2 true EP0445437A2 (fr) 1991-09-11
EP0445437A3 EP0445437A3 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0445437B1 EP0445437B1 (fr) 1994-07-06

Family

ID=6851829

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90125799A Expired - Lifetime EP0445437B1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0445437B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE108262T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9002826U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4209734A1 (de) * 1992-03-25 1993-09-30 Ackermann Tech Anlagen Masch Brenner mit Flammen-Brennrohr

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5138957A (en) * 1991-05-15 1992-08-18 Biotherm Energy Systems, Inc. Hot gas generation system for producing combustible gases for a burner from particulate solid organic biomass material
DE102004038968B3 (de) * 2004-08-10 2006-05-11 Manfred Manderbach Automatisch arbeitender Hackschnitzelbrenner zum Anbau an Zentralheizungskessel mit einer Kesselleistung von 4 - 25 KW
DE102008021314B4 (de) 2008-04-29 2018-05-03 Harmanus Tapken Feststoffbrenner für tierischen Mist, vorzugsweise Geflügelmist
CN107869716B (zh) * 2017-04-19 2024-06-04 襄阳中和机电技术有限公司 用于水泥窑的四风道煤粉燃烧器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0076353A2 (fr) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-13 Friedrich Wilhelm Dörrenberg Wirtschaftliche Verbrennungs-Technik Dispositif pour gazéification de biomasse en suspension dans des installations de chauffage
GB2117876A (en) * 1981-07-18 1983-10-19 Stone Platt Fluidfire Ltd Boilers
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
FR2580785A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Pieulle Robert Avant-foyer pour bruler des combustibles solides
DE8809659U1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1988-09-15 Wittwar, Rudi, 7265 Neubulach Vergaserfeuerung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2117876A (en) * 1981-07-18 1983-10-19 Stone Platt Fluidfire Ltd Boilers
EP0076353A2 (fr) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-13 Friedrich Wilhelm Dörrenberg Wirtschaftliche Verbrennungs-Technik Dispositif pour gazéification de biomasse en suspension dans des installations de chauffage
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
FR2580785A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Pieulle Robert Avant-foyer pour bruler des combustibles solides
DE8809659U1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1988-09-15 Wittwar, Rudi, 7265 Neubulach Vergaserfeuerung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4209734A1 (de) * 1992-03-25 1993-09-30 Ackermann Tech Anlagen Masch Brenner mit Flammen-Brennrohr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0445437A3 (en) 1992-01-22
DE59006370D1 (de) 1994-08-11
DE9002826U1 (de) 1990-06-13
EP0445437B1 (fr) 1994-07-06
ATE108262T1 (de) 1994-07-15

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