EP0569050A1 - Agencement pour brûleur - Google Patents

Agencement pour brûleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0569050A1
EP0569050A1 EP93110619A EP93110619A EP0569050A1 EP 0569050 A1 EP0569050 A1 EP 0569050A1 EP 93110619 A EP93110619 A EP 93110619A EP 93110619 A EP93110619 A EP 93110619A EP 0569050 A1 EP0569050 A1 EP 0569050A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
tube
burnout
burner arrangement
filling shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93110619A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Konrad Brandl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE9002826U external-priority patent/DE9002826U1/de
Application filed by Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH filed Critical Ackermann Technische Anlagen und Maschinenbau GmbH
Priority to EP93110619A priority Critical patent/EP0569050A1/fr
Publication of EP0569050A1 publication Critical patent/EP0569050A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
    • F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
    • F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B3/00—Combustion apparatus which is portable or removable with respect to the boiler or other apparatus which is heated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/10—Under-feed arrangements
    • F23K3/14—Under-feed arrangements feeding by screw
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/22—Controlling thickness of fuel bed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L5/00—Blast-producing apparatus before the fire
    • F23L5/02—Arrangements of fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner arrangement with a combustion tube in the pre-arrangement of a boiler for the purpose of heating it.
  • the prior art provides so-called pre-ovens in a pre-arrangement of boilers which are operated in the manner of a burner arrangement.
  • the supplied solid material is burned in the forehearth, the flame of which is directed through a combustion tube onto the combustion chamber of a downstream boiler.
  • a pre-furnace operation is therefore associated with a comparatively low efficiency. Pollution, soot and environmental pollution are great.
  • the known preliminary furnaces have a solids supply, which does not allow pressure sealing on the inlet side. In accordance with the external atmospheric pressure, practically only constant pressure operation with reduced draft ratios of primary and secondary air is possible in the forehearth. Fan connections are not provided and would also be ineffective due to the constant pressure operation.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the aforementioned prior art by creating a burner arrangement with a burner tube which is simple in construction and nevertheless has good heating efficiency with low-emission flue gas combustion and can also be used in a variety of ways.
  • the combustion tube is thus designed as a burnout tube, which in the area of its inlet has an air supply ring channel which surrounds the burnout tube and which in turn has a multiplicity of axially parallel outlet openings around the inlet.
  • the burnout tube has several axially parallel individual fuel tubes, in particular three equally distributed individual fuel tubes are provided on the circumference.
  • a blower with metering device for the controlled supply of air is connected.
  • the fan is advantageously on the burner assembly side opposite the burnout tube.
  • the burner arrangement is expediently designed as a solid-fuel forced-air burner in such a way that a filling shaft is provided for the solids to be burned and a solids supply device connected to the filling shaft is provided, a swirl chamber being arranged downstream of the filling shaft, to which the burnout tube is attached connects.
  • the swirling chamber in coaxial arrangement with the burnout tube, which is largely outside the actual combustion chamber, ensures an improved rotary movement or an improved swirl of the high-quality flame in the burnout tube, as a result of which the flame is cooled more quickly and NO x formation is achieved quickly.
  • the blower is expediently connected to an air distribution chamber located in the interior of the burner arrangement, which feeds sub-air or primary air via a first air duct to the underside of the filling duct below the grate and secondary air via a second air duct substantially close above the grating of the filling duct.
  • a section of the second air duct runs directly past the filling shaft wall, as a result of which the secondary air is optimally heated before entering the filling shaft.
  • the air distribution chamber has a connection for a third air duct, via which so-called upper air is fed to the top of the filling shaft clearly above the grate.
  • the inlet opening of the upper air in the filling shaft is preferably located laterally and supports the passage of the combustion air to the downstream swirl chamber in such a way that a defined swirl occurs in the swirl chamber and the flue gas is likewise fed through the swirl chamber to a downstream burnout tube.
  • All of the aforementioned air ducts for the supply of lower, secondary, upper and outlet air are at least partially provided with adjusting screws in order to meter the supply air manually or automatically.
  • the swirl chamber preferably extends essentially transversely horizontally behind the filling shaft.
  • the swirl chamber is in shape formed of a tube, one axial end of which is closed and the other axial end of which is arranged essentially concentrically with the downstream burnout tube and connected to the latter.
  • the diameter of the tube of the swirl chamber is larger than the diameter of the burnout tube. A bundling of the material to be fired is thus achieved when it enters the burnout tube.
  • the division of the burnout tube is easy because there is an opening flange opposite the flame outlet, which makes it easy to see the swirl chamber and the burnout tube.
  • a defined swirl in the swirling chamber is established in particular in that the swirling chamber has a tubular casing opening, in particular with a tangential wall area connection to the filling shaft.
  • the pipe casing opening corresponds approximately to the width of the filling shaft, the entrance of the burnout pipe being located essentially at the level of the associated axial side of the pipe casing opening of the swirl chamber.
  • baffles are provided in the swirling chamber, which are preferably arranged helically on the inner circumference (with the exception of the tube casing opening), the screw pitch being directed in the direction of the entrance of the burnout tubes.
  • three evenly distributed individual fuel tubes are provided on the circumference.
  • the burnout tube or the individual combustion tubes consist of a high-quality ceramic material such as silicon carbide.
  • the tubes have a small wall thickness and reach a high ignition temperature very early in the start-up phase of a burning operation. Silicon carbide tolerates temperature changes and withstands aggressive gases. The component is also easy to replace.
  • the swirling chamber can also be formed from silicon carbide or the like.
  • the material of the filling shaft or the pre-gasification chamber is preferably a fire-resistant concrete lining.
  • the burner arrangement has in particular cube or box shape of compact cut.
  • the basic housing can have steel walls, in particular an external heat insulation jacket being provided. Behind it is an all-round water jacket, which is connected to the downstream boiler.
  • the burner arrangement according to the invention enables, in particular, the automatic firing of wood chips and chips (carpenter material).
  • the basic housing is designed so that a different installation technique is possible.
  • the water flow of the basic housing is designed so that radiation loss from the burner arrangement is prevented.
  • the burner can be regulated quickly and is controlled via the boiler temperature. It has great flexibility with regard to the types of loading.
  • case loading is also possible the filling shaft from above through a feed opening with a closure arranged there.
  • the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of feed depend to a large extent on the fuel. If underfeed loading is provided, the grate is left free in the feed area in order to pick up the end of the aforementioned ramp there. The firing material is pushed up here. Extending the material transport shaft beyond the grate ensures optimal predrying and better loosening of the fired goods. Overall, the design of the grate depends on the ash content and the degree of slagging of the fuel.
  • the screw conveyor is in operation, which is driven by a motor which in turn is controlled by the boiler temperature.
  • the electrical ignition device is in operation for about 10 minutes.
  • the forwarded wood chips or chips begin to smolder and are pushed further on the ramp into the filling shaft or pre-carburetor room.
  • the combustion air supplied causes combustion of primary air and secondary air via the blower.
  • a level indicator or sensor in the form of a swivel lever is attached in the combustion chamber or filling shaft, which actuates a level switch to switch off the screw conveyor.
  • the burner arrangement works independently like an oil burner, and every boiler output can be heated even in the smallest low-load operation.
  • the advantage of the pre-swirling chamber lies in particular in the starting phase of the burner arrangement, since a good burn-out can already be achieved in the starting phase.
  • the fresh air / gas mixture is then optimally prepared for the burnout section.
  • a burner arrangement 10 is provided for automatically burning industrial wood chips and chips (carpenter material).
  • the basic housing is designed so that a different installation technique is possible.
  • the burner arrangement 10 essentially comprises a filling chute 11 for solids to be burned, a solids supply device connected to the filling chute 11, a swirling chamber 12 arranged downstream of the filling chute and a side burnout tube 13 following the swirling chamber.
  • blower 14 with a metering device is provided for the controlled supply of combustion air.
  • the blower 14 is connected to an air distribution chamber 15 located in the interior of the burner arrangement, which supplies sub-air 1 through a first air duct to the underside of the filling shaft and secondary air 2 through a second air duct close above the grate 18 to the filling shaft, a section 17 of the second air duct passes directly past the vertical inner filling shaft wall 18 in order to set up optimal preheating of the secondary air.
  • the air distribution chamber 15 is also connected to a third air duct, which supplies the upper air 3 to the upper side of the filling shaft 11 clearly above the grate 18 in a manner as will be described below.
  • Dosing devices are located in the individual air ducts for lower air 1, secondary air 2 and upper air 3 Form of adjusting screws 6, which allow quantity regulation by rotation. In operation, metering air 5 flowing into the air distribution chamber 15 flows through the fan 14 in a controlled manner to the individual areas of the filling shaft 11 for the purpose of optimizing the combustion and flow.
  • the blower 14 ensures so-called “overpressure operation" of the combustion chamber, in particular because the filling shaft 11 is tightly connected to the solids supply device 9 on the inlet side.
  • the solids supply device 9 is designed according to the embodiment of the drawing as a so-called underfeed feed and provides for an automatic supply of the solid to be burned, industrial wood chips, chips or the like.
  • a screw conveyor 26, which is motor-driven and controlled by the boiler temperature.
  • the screw conveyor 26 is essentially in a horizontal extension on the front side and extends below the grate 16 into the burner arrangement 10, closely followed by an upwardly curved ramp 27 which is guided up to a recess in the grate 16.
  • an electric ignition device 28 being provided under the ramp 27 being provided, which is in operation for about 10 minutes in the starting phase of the burner arrangement, so that the chips supplied, wood chips or the like. begins to smolder and is brought to combustion in the filling shaft or pre-gasification chamber through the blower 14 supplied primary and secondary air.
  • a central level sensor 8 with a swivel lever 29 which is on the side of the filling shaft is articulated in a burner arrangement.
  • the free end of the pivot lever 29 is designed as a so-called solid float 30 such that the float moves upward when the level is increased and the pivot lever 29 is therefore pivoted.
  • the swivel lever 29 swivels upwards, the swivel lever 29 engages with a level switch 7, which switches off the screw conveyor 26. If the filling level in the filling shaft 11 falls, the screw conveyor 26 is put into operation again.
  • the level switch 7 is adjustable in height in order to set up different filling levels.
  • the height of the level sensor 8 can also be adjusted accordingly.
  • the screw conveyor 28 is only put into operation when the boiler temperature has dropped accordingly.
  • the filling shaft 11 it is also possible for the filling shaft 11 to be loaded from above, since in principle an access opening 31 is provided on the top of the filling shaft, which extends in a dome shape upwards.
  • the upper access opening 31 has an upper closure which has an insulating layer on the underside (which is not illustrated in the drawing).
  • the burner assembly is constructed in a cube or box shape in a compact manner and has an outer heat insulation jacket 32, which is followed on the inside by a circumferential water jacket 33 which is connected via a connection 34 to a boiler (not shown).
  • the individual fuel tubes 25 are made of silicon carbide and have a small wall thickness, which reaches a high ignition temperature early on when being put into operation. Silicon carbide tolerates temperature changes and withstands aggressive gases. The component is also easy to replace.
  • the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13 has an annular channel 23, which is illustrated in greater detail in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the annular duct 23 is connected on the input side to a fourth air duct which is connected to the aforementioned air distribution chamber 15 or to the aforementioned blower 14 in order to convey comparatively cool exhaust air 4 to the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13 during operation, namely through axially parallel outlet openings 24 which set up a passage from the ring channel 23 to the entrance 19 of the burnout tube 13.
  • the outlet air 4 is pressed out of the ring channel 23 on the outer edge of the individual fuel pipes against the flow of the fuel gas and is then only active in the individual fuel pipes in such a way that the flame temperature is staggered from approx. 1100 o C to 800 o C, which is the NO Mixing favorably influenced, ie essentially reduces the NO x formation.
  • the swirling chamber has a tubular casing opening 21 in the direction of the filling chute 11 approximately in the width of the filling chute, the upper horizontal edge 35 of the tubular casing opening 21 allowing tangential inlet of the fuel gas from the filling chute 11 into the swirling chamber 12.
  • the upper horizontal edge 35 lies approximately in an extension of the top of the vertical filling shaft wall 18.
  • a defined rotary movement or a swirl of the fuel gas is generated in the swirling chamber 12, which continues up to the individual combustion tubes 25 of the combustion tube 13 and there ensures a high-quality defined flame flow, which even after exiting the combustion tube 13 in a targeted manner can be directed to the combustion chamber of the downstream boiler.
  • the inlet 20 of the upper air 3 to the filling shaft 11 is located on the side of the burner arrangement 10 opposite the inlet 19 of the burnout tube 13, so that the upper air 3 supports the axial flow of the fuel gas in the swirling chamber towards the burnout tube 13.
  • swirling baffles 22 can be provided, which are arranged helically.
  • the screw pitch runs in the direction of the burnout tube 13 for the purpose of establishing an axial delivery component for the fuel gases flowing through.
  • the invention therefore provides, in particular, a solid-fuel forced-air burner which has a chute to be fed from below or from above.
  • the outer basic unit is water-bearing, with the outer jacket being cube-shaped.
  • the fuel gas is injected into the swirl chamber tangentially with an effective swirl effect.
  • the individual combustion pipes or the burnout pipe are arranged in a lateral arrangement in a coaxial extension of the Swirling chamber behind the filling shaft 11 or degassing shaft.
  • the combustion air supply is achieved with the aid of a blower 14, the air being able to be optimally supplied to the individual burner arrangement points via an air distribution chamber 15, in particular in that each air point is provided with a metering throttle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP93110619A 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur Withdrawn EP0569050A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93110619A EP0569050A1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9002826U 1990-03-09
DE9002826U DE9002826U1 (de) 1990-03-09 1990-03-09 Brenneranordnung
EP93110619A EP0569050A1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90125799.8 Division 1990-12-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0569050A1 true EP0569050A1 (fr) 1993-11-10

Family

ID=25956354

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93110619A Withdrawn EP0569050A1 (fr) 1990-03-09 1990-12-29 Agencement pour brûleur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0569050A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0913629A2 (fr) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-06 Köb & Schäfer KG Chaudière à combustible solide
FR2785663A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-12 Georges Carret Dispositif d'alimentation en continu d'un foyer d'un appareil de chauffage, en produits combustibles solides
EP3086036A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-26 Yaroshenko, Viktor Prokopovych Appareil de chauffage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0076353A2 (fr) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-13 Friedrich Wilhelm Dörrenberg Wirtschaftliche Verbrennungs-Technik Dispositif pour gazéification de biomasse en suspension dans des installations de chauffage
GB2117876A (en) * 1981-07-18 1983-10-19 Stone Platt Fluidfire Ltd Boilers
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
FR2580785A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Pieulle Robert Avant-foyer pour bruler des combustibles solides
DE8809659U1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1988-09-15 Wittwar, Rudi, 7265 Neubulach Vergaserfeuerung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2117876A (en) * 1981-07-18 1983-10-19 Stone Platt Fluidfire Ltd Boilers
EP0076353A2 (fr) * 1981-09-25 1983-04-13 Friedrich Wilhelm Dörrenberg Wirtschaftliche Verbrennungs-Technik Dispositif pour gazéification de biomasse en suspension dans des installations de chauffage
FR2571474A1 (fr) * 1984-10-04 1986-04-11 Dupuis Jacques Bruleur a combustible solide pour chaudiere
FR2580785A1 (fr) * 1985-04-19 1986-10-24 Pieulle Robert Avant-foyer pour bruler des combustibles solides
DE8809659U1 (de) * 1988-07-29 1988-09-15 Wittwar, Rudi, 7265 Neubulach Vergaserfeuerung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0913629A2 (fr) * 1997-10-29 1999-05-06 Köb & Schäfer KG Chaudière à combustible solide
EP0913629A3 (fr) * 1997-10-29 1999-10-13 Köb & Schäfer KG Chaudière à combustible solide
FR2785663A1 (fr) * 1998-11-05 2000-05-12 Georges Carret Dispositif d'alimentation en continu d'un foyer d'un appareil de chauffage, en produits combustibles solides
EP3086036A1 (fr) * 2015-04-21 2016-10-26 Yaroshenko, Viktor Prokopovych Appareil de chauffage

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