EP0444443A1 - Freeze-drying apparatus - Google Patents

Freeze-drying apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0444443A1
EP0444443A1 EP91101553A EP91101553A EP0444443A1 EP 0444443 A1 EP0444443 A1 EP 0444443A1 EP 91101553 A EP91101553 A EP 91101553A EP 91101553 A EP91101553 A EP 91101553A EP 0444443 A1 EP0444443 A1 EP 0444443A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
freeze
openings
chamber
passage
disks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91101553A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0444443B1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Rilke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Lyophil GmbH
Original Assignee
Finn Aqua Santasalo Sohlberg GmbH
Amsco Finn Aqua GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Finn Aqua Santasalo Sohlberg GmbH, Amsco Finn Aqua GmbH filed Critical Finn Aqua Santasalo Sohlberg GmbH
Publication of EP0444443A1 publication Critical patent/EP0444443A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0444443B1 publication Critical patent/EP0444443B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86718—Dividing into parallel flow paths with recombining
    • Y10T137/86743—Rotary

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a freeze-drying device with a freeze-drying chamber, with a condenser chamber and with an intermediate plate which is located between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber and is equipped with a lockable passage.
  • a freeze-drying device of this type is known from US Pat. No. 3,077,036.
  • the freeze-drying chamber of this device has shelves on which the product is located while the drying process is being carried out.
  • a condenser with an evacuation connection is provided to generate the required vacuum and to accumulate the vapors generated during the drying process.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a freeze-drying device of the type mentioned, which do not have the disadvantages described.
  • this object is achieved in that two closable rotatable disks are provided to form the closable opening, that the disks are each equipped with openings remote from the axis of rotation and that these openings are designed such that they are rotated into one another overlapping position, in a non-overlapping position and in intermediate positions are adjustable.
  • the use of a valve designed in this way between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber has the advantage that the passage cross section can be regulated more easily.
  • the water vapor flowing to the condenser passes through the openings unhindered with respect to its direction, so that a uniform loading of the condenser is always achieved.
  • each of the disks has a plurality (for example four) of openings lying on a circle concentric with the axis of rotation. A particularly uniform flow through the passage cross section in the intermediate plate is achieved.
  • the freeze-drying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 has the freeze-drying chamber 2 and the condenser chamber 3. Both are cylindrical and arranged one above the other.
  • the intermediate plate 4 simultaneously forms the lid of the condenser chamber 3 and the bottom of the freeze-drying chamber 2.
  • the intermediate plate 4 is equipped with closable openings, not shown in detail in FIG. 1, which allow the chambers 2 and 3 to be connected to one another and separated from one another.
  • the freeze-drying chamber 2 there is a frame 5 with the setting plates 6.
  • a cylindrical hood is provided as the chamber wall 7, which is supported on the intermediate plate 4 and suitably consists of acrylic glass.
  • the capacitor chamber 3 is formed by the intermediate plate 4, the base plate 8 and the cylindrical housing section 9, which preferably also consists of acrylic glass.
  • the condenser 11 is located within the condenser chamber 3.
  • the base plate 8 is supported on a housing, not shown in detail, in which - as indicated schematically - there is a refrigerator 12 for supplying the condenser 11 and a vacuum pump 13 for evacuating the condenser chamber 3 .
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show that the intermediate plate 4 comprises a plate 15 and a ring 16 of the same diameter placed thereon in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the center of the plate 15 is equipped with a concentric extension 17 which forms a hub for an annular disk 18.
  • the disc 18 is rotatable about the axis 19.
  • Both the plate 15 and the disc 18 are each equipped with four circular openings 21 and 22 (Figure 3). These openings 21, 22 lie with respect to the axis 19 on a circle 23 (shown in broken lines). The diameter of the openings 21, 22 is smaller than their distance on the circle 23, so that a valve function can be achieved by rotating the disk 18.
  • the passage cross section formed by the openings 21, 22 is continuously adjustable between the complete opening (concentric position of the openings 21, 22 with respect to one another) and a tight seal (non-overlapping position of the openings 21, 22).
  • a carrier 27 for a magnet 28 is fastened to the disk 18.
  • the ring 16 is equipped on part of its circumference with a guide groove 29 in which a metallic or magnetic counterpart 31 is guided to the magnet 28. Moving the counterpart 31 in the guide groove causes the plate 18 to rotate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a freeze-drying apparatus with a freeze-drying chamber (2), with a condenser chamber (3) and with an intermediate plate (4) which is situated between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber and is equipped with a closable passage; in order to be able to control the passage cross-section accurately, it is proposed that two discs (15, 18), which are rotatable in relation to one another, are provided to form the passage, that these discs are provided with openings (21, 22) in each case lying at a remove from the axis of rotation, and that these openings are designed in such a manner that, by a rotary movement, they can be adjusted into an overlapping position, a non-overlapping position and into intermediate positions. …<IMAGE>…

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung mit einer Gefriertrocknungskammer, mit einer Kondensatorkammer und mit einer Zwischenplatte, welche sich zwischen der Gefriertrocknungskammer und der Kondensatorkammer befindet und mit einem absperrbaren Durchtritt ausgerüstet ist.The invention relates to a freeze-drying device with a freeze-drying chamber, with a condenser chamber and with an intermediate plate which is located between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber and is equipped with a lockable passage.

Eine Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung dieser Art ist aus der US-PS 30 77 036 bekannt. Die Gefriertrocknungskammer dieser Einrichtung weist Stellfächen auf, auf denen sich das Produkt während der Durchführung des Trocknungsprozesses befindet. Zur Erzeugung des erforderlichen Vakuums und zur Anlagerung der während des Trocknungsprozesses entstehenden Dämpfe ist ein Kondensator mit einem Evakuierungsanschluß vorgesehen. Zwischen der Gefriertrocknungskammer und der Kondensatorkammer befindet sich ein Klappenventil. Klappenventile haben den Nachteil, daß sie nicht in einfacher Weise regulierbar sind, d. h. Durchtrittsöffnungen mit definierten Querschnitten sind nicht genau einstellbar. Weiterhin hat eine nicht ganz geöffnete Klappe einen Einfluß auf die Richtung des von der Gefriertrocknungskammer in die Kondensatorkammer strömenden Wasserdampfes, und zwar derart, daß der Kondensator einseitig angeströmt wird. Dieses hat eine ungleichmäßige Belastung des Kondensators zur Folge.A freeze-drying device of this type is known from US Pat. No. 3,077,036. The freeze-drying chamber of this device has shelves on which the product is located while the drying process is being carried out. A condenser with an evacuation connection is provided to generate the required vacuum and to accumulate the vapors generated during the drying process. There is a flap valve between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber. Flap valves have the disadvantage that they are not easily adjustable, i. H. Through openings with defined cross sections cannot be precisely adjusted. Furthermore, a flap that is not fully open has an influence on the direction of the water vapor flowing from the freeze-drying chamber into the condenser chamber, in such a way that the condenser is flown against on one side. This results in an uneven load on the capacitor.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, welcher die beschriebenen Nachteile nicht anhaften.The present invention has for its object to provide a freeze-drying device of the type mentioned, which do not have the disadvantages described.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß zur Bildung der verschließbaren Öffnung zwei relativ zueinander verdrehbare Scheiben vorgesehen sind, daß die Scheiben mit jeweils von der Drehachse entfernt liegenden Öffnungen ausgerüstet sind und daß diese Öffnungen derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie durch eine Drehbewegung in eine sich überdeckende Stellung, in eine sich nicht überdeckende Stellung sowie in Zwischenstellungen einstellbar sind. Die Verwendung eines in dieser Weise ausgebildeten Ventiles zwischen Gefriertrocknungskammer und Kondensatorkammer hat den Vorteil der einfacheren Regulierbarkeit des Durchtrittsquerschnittes. Außerdem tritt der zum Kondensator strömende Wasserdampf in Bezug auf seine Richtung unbehindert durch die Öffnungen hindurch, so daß stets eine gleichmäßige Belastung des Kondensators erzielt wird.According to the invention this object is achieved in that two closable rotatable disks are provided to form the closable opening, that the disks are each equipped with openings remote from the axis of rotation and that these openings are designed such that they are rotated into one another overlapping position, in a non-overlapping position and in intermediate positions are adjustable. The use of a valve designed in this way between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber has the advantage that the passage cross section can be regulated more easily. In addition, the water vapor flowing to the condenser passes through the openings unhindered with respect to its direction, so that a uniform loading of the condenser is always achieved.

Zweckmäßig ist es, wenn jede der Scheiben mehrere (beispielsweise vier), auf einem zur Drehachse konzentrischen Kreis liegende Öffnungen aufweist. Ein besonders gleichmäßiges Durchströmen des Durchtrittsquerschnittes in der Zwischenplatte wird dadurch erreicht.It is expedient if each of the disks has a plurality (for example four) of openings lying on a circle concentric with the axis of rotation. A particularly uniform flow through the passage cross section in the intermediate plate is achieved.

Weitere Vorteile und Einzelheiten der Erfindung sollen anhand von in den Figuren 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen erläutert werden. Es zeigen

  • Figur 1 einen schematischen Schnitt durch eine Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung der hier betroffenen Art,
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt durch die Zwischenplatte und
  • Figur 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Zwischenplatte.
Further advantages and details of the invention will be explained on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3. Show it
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic section through a freeze-drying device of the type concerned here,
  • Figure 2 shows a section through the intermediate plate and
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of the intermediate plate.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung 1 weist die Gefriertrocknungskammer 2 und die Kondensatorkammer 3 auf. Beide sind zvlindrisch gestaltet und übereinander angeordnet. Die Zwischenplatte 4 bildet gleichzeitig den Deckel der Kondensatorkammer 3 und den Boden der Gefriertrocknungskammer 2. Die Zwischenplatte 4 ist mit im einzelnen in Figur 1 nicht dargestellten verschließbaren Öffnungen ausgerüstet, welche es erlauben, die Kammer 2 und 3 miteinander zu verbinden und voneinander zu trennen.The freeze-drying device 1 shown in FIG. 1 has the freeze-drying chamber 2 and the condenser chamber 3. Both are cylindrical and arranged one above the other. The intermediate plate 4 simultaneously forms the lid of the condenser chamber 3 and the bottom of the freeze-drying chamber 2. The intermediate plate 4 is equipped with closable openings, not shown in detail in FIG. 1, which allow the chambers 2 and 3 to be connected to one another and separated from one another.

Innerhalb der Gefriertrocknungskammer 2 befindet sich ein Gestell 5 mit den Stellplatten 6. Als Kammerwandung 7 ist eine zylindrische Haube vorgesehen, die sich auf der Zwischenplatte 4 abstützt und zweckmäßig aus Acrylglas besteht. Die Kondensatorkammer 3 wird gebildet von der Zwischenplatte 4, der Grundplatte 8 und dem zylindrischen Gehäuseabschnitt 9, der vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus Acrylglas besteht. Innerhalb der Kondensatorkammer 3 befindet sich der Kondensator 11. Die Grundplatte 8 stützt sich auf einem im einzelnen nicht dargestellten Gehäuse ab, in dem sich - wie schematisch angedeutet - eine Kältemaschine 12 zur Versorgung des Kondensators 11 und eine Vakuumpumpe 13 zur Evakuierung der Kondensatorkammer 3 befinden.Within the freeze-drying chamber 2 there is a frame 5 with the setting plates 6. A cylindrical hood is provided as the chamber wall 7, which is supported on the intermediate plate 4 and suitably consists of acrylic glass. The capacitor chamber 3 is formed by the intermediate plate 4, the base plate 8 and the cylindrical housing section 9, which preferably also consists of acrylic glass. The condenser 11 is located within the condenser chamber 3. The base plate 8 is supported on a housing, not shown in detail, in which - as indicated schematically - there is a refrigerator 12 for supplying the condenser 11 and a vacuum pump 13 for evacuating the condenser chamber 3 .

Die Figuren 2 und 3 zeigen, daß die Zwischenplatte 4 einen Teller 15 und einen darauf vakuumdicht aufgesetzten Ring 16 gleichen Durchmessers umfaßt. Die Mitte des Tellers 15 ist mit einem konzentrischen Ansatz 17 ausgerüstet, der eine Nabe für eine kreisringförmige Scheibe 18 bildet. Die Scheibe 18 ist dadurch um die Achse 19 verdrehbar.FIGS. 2 and 3 show that the intermediate plate 4 comprises a plate 15 and a ring 16 of the same diameter placed thereon in a vacuum-tight manner. The center of the plate 15 is equipped with a concentric extension 17 which forms a hub for an annular disk 18. The disc 18 is rotatable about the axis 19.

Sowohl der Teller 15 als auch die Scheibe 18 sind mit jeweils vier kreisförmigen Öffnungen 21 bzw. 22 ausgerüstet (Figur 3). Diese Öffnungen 21, 22 liegen in Bezug auf die Achse 19 auf einem Kreis 23 (gestrichelt dargestellt). Der Durchmesser der Öffnungen 21, 22 ist kleiner als ihr Abstand auf dem Kreis 23, so daß durch Verdrehen der Scheibe 18 eine Ventilfunktion erreicht werden kann. Der von den Öffnungen 21, 22 gebildete Durchtrittsquerschnitt ist stufenlos einstellbar zwischen vollständiger Öffnung (konzentrische Stellung der Öffnungen 21, 22 zueinander) und dichtem Verschluß (nicht überdeckende Stellung der Öffnungen 21, 22).Both the plate 15 and the disc 18 are each equipped with four circular openings 21 and 22 (Figure 3). These openings 21, 22 lie with respect to the axis 19 on a circle 23 (shown in broken lines). The diameter of the openings 21, 22 is smaller than their distance on the circle 23, so that a valve function can be achieved by rotating the disk 18. The passage cross section formed by the openings 21, 22 is continuously adjustable between the complete opening (concentric position of the openings 21, 22 with respect to one another) and a tight seal (non-overlapping position of the openings 21, 22).

Da die Durchtrittsöffnungen 21, 22 in Bezug auf die Achse 19 dezentrisch angeordnet sind, steht die Mitte des Tellers 15 zur Aufnahme eines nicht dargestellten Axiallagers zur Verfügung. Dazu ist die Vertiefung 25 vorgesehen. Mit Hilfe dieses Axiallagers kann sich - bei horizontaler Lage des Tellers 15 - eine Rotationseinrichtung auf dem Teller 15 abstützen. Rotationseinrichtungen werden benötigt, wenn das zu gefriertrocknende Produkt innerhalb der Gefriertrocknungskammer 2 unter der Wirkung von Fliehkräften eingefroren werden soll.Since the passage openings 21, 22 are arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis 19, the center of the plate 15 is available for receiving an axial bearing, not shown. For this purpose, the recess 25 is provided. With the help of this thrust bearing - a - with the plate 15 in a horizontal position Support the rotation device on the plate 15. Rotation devices are required if the product to be freeze-dried is to be frozen within the freeze-drying chamber 2 under the action of centrifugal forces.

Um die Scheibe 18 ohne Durchtritt nach außen verdrehen zu können, werden Magnetkräfte ausgenutzt. An der Scheibe 18 ist ein Träger 27 für einen Magneten 28 befestigt. Der Ring 16 ist auf einem Teil seines Umfanges mit einer Führungsnut 29 ausgerüstet, in der ein metallisches oder magnetisches Gegenstück 31 zum Magneten 28 geführt ist. Ein Verschieben des Gegenstuckes 31 in der Führungsnut bewirkt eine Verdrehbewegung des Tellers 18.In order to be able to turn the disk 18 outwards without passage, magnetic forces are used. A carrier 27 for a magnet 28 is fastened to the disk 18. The ring 16 is equipped on part of its circumference with a guide groove 29 in which a metallic or magnetic counterpart 31 is guided to the magnet 28. Moving the counterpart 31 in the guide groove causes the plate 18 to rotate.

Claims (8)

Gefriertrocknungseinrichtung mit einer Gefriertrocknungskammer (2), mit einer Kondensatorkammer (3) und mit einer Zwischenplatte (4), welche sich zwischen der Gefriertrocknungskammer und der Kondensatorkammer befindet und mit einem absperrbaren Durchtritt ausgerüstet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Bildung des verschließbaren Durchtrittes zwei relativ zueinander verdrehbare Scheiben (15, 18) vorgesehen sind, daß diese Scheiben mit jeweils von der Drehachse entfernt liegenden Öffnungen (21, 22) ausgerüstet sind und daß diese Öffnungen derart ausgebildet sind, daß sie durch eine Drehbewegung in eine sich überdeckende Stellung, eine sich nicht überdeckende Stellung sowie in Zwischenstellungen einstellbar sind.Freeze-drying device with a freeze-drying chamber (2), with a condenser chamber (3) and with an intermediate plate (4), which is located between the freeze-drying chamber and the condenser chamber and is equipped with a lockable passage, characterized in that two relative to form the closable passage Disks (15, 18) which can be rotated relative to one another are provided such that these disks are equipped with openings (21, 22) located in each case away from the axis of rotation and that these openings are designed in such a way that they rotate into an overlapping position, one another non-overlapping position and in intermediate positions are adjustable. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der Scheibe mehrere, vorzugsweise vier, auf einem zur Drehachse konzentrischen Kreis (23) liegende Öffnungen (21 bzw. 22) aufweist.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the disks has several, preferably four, openings (21 or 22) lying on a circle (23) concentric with the axis of rotation. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Öffnungen (21, 22) kreisförmig sind sowie identische Größe haben und daß ihr Durchmesser kleiner ist als ihr Abstand auf dem konzentrischen Kreis (23).Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the openings (21, 22) are circular and of identical size and that their diameter is smaller than their distance on the concentric circle (23). Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden relativ zueinander verdrehbaren Scheiben von einem feststehenden Teller (15) mit einem zentralen Ansatz (17) und einer kreisringförmigen Scheibe (18) gebildet werden, wobei die kreisringförmige Scheibe (18) um den zentralen Ansatz (17) drehbar ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the two disks which can be rotated relative to one another are formed by a fixed plate (15) with a central shoulder (17) and an annular disk (18), the annular disk (18) is rotatable about the central approach (17). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Zentrum des Tellers (15) eine Aufnahme (25) für ein Axiallager einer Rotationseinrichtung vorgesehen ist.Device according to claim 4, characterized in that a receptacle (25) for an axial bearing of a rotary device is provided in the center of the plate (15). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß magnetische Hilfsmittel (28, 31) vorgesehen sind, welche der Übertragung der Kraft zur Verdrehung der Scheibe (18) ohne Durchführung ermöglichen.Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that magnetic aids (28, 31) are provided which enable the transmission of the force for rotating the disk (18) without passage. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Scheibe (18) mit einem Träger (27) für einen Magneten (28) ausgerüstet ist.Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the disc (18) is equipped with a carrier (27) for a magnet (28). Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein die Scheibe (18) umgebender Ring (16) vorhanden ist, der mit einer äußeren Nut (29) ausgerüstet ist, in der ein Gegenstück (31) zum Magneten (28) geführt ist.Device according to claim 7, characterized in that there is a ring (16) surrounding the disc (18) which is equipped with an outer groove (29) in which a counterpart (31) is guided to the magnet (28).
EP91101553A 1990-02-26 1991-02-06 Freeze-drying apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0444443B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4006015 1990-02-26
DE4006015A DE4006015A1 (en) 1990-02-26 1990-02-26 FREEZER DRYING DEVICE

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EP0444443A1 true EP0444443A1 (en) 1991-09-04
EP0444443B1 EP0444443B1 (en) 1994-07-06

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EP (1) EP0444443B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05231767A (en)
DE (2) DE4006015A1 (en)

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CN105222576A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-06 江苏楷益智能科技有限公司 The drying box of freeze drying plant and dividing plate bindiny mechanism

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CN107588601A (en) * 2017-09-19 2018-01-16 上海东富龙科技股份有限公司 The directly filling pallet-free freeze dryer of liquid
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CN105222576A (en) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-06 江苏楷益智能科技有限公司 The drying box of freeze drying plant and dividing plate bindiny mechanism

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Publication number Publication date
DE4006015A1 (en) 1991-09-05
JPH05231767A (en) 1993-09-07
DE59102090D1 (en) 1994-08-11
US5131170A (en) 1992-07-21
EP0444443B1 (en) 1994-07-06

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