EP0442589A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour créer des tranchées stables dans la terre et/ou le terrain non consolidé - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour créer des tranchées stables dans la terre et/ou le terrain non consolidé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0442589A1
EP0442589A1 EP91250026A EP91250026A EP0442589A1 EP 0442589 A1 EP0442589 A1 EP 0442589A1 EP 91250026 A EP91250026 A EP 91250026A EP 91250026 A EP91250026 A EP 91250026A EP 0442589 A1 EP0442589 A1 EP 0442589A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conveying
propulsion
soil
working
slot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91250026A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Galla
Hans Joachim Salchow
Karin Schröder
Olaf Schneider
Siegfried Hauser
Klaus Wehner
Wolfgang Lemke
Ernst-Dieter Dr. Gans
Ralf Jekosch
Peter Liebsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rindfleisch Hans-Joachim Dr
Original Assignee
Rindfleisch Hans-Joachim Dr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rindfleisch Hans-Joachim Dr filed Critical Rindfleisch Hans-Joachim Dr
Publication of EP0442589A1 publication Critical patent/EP0442589A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9206—Digging devices using blowing effect only, like jets or propellers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
    • E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
    • E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables

Definitions

  • the invention is for the production of stable slots in the ground, loose rock or the like. Suitable on the basis of flow promotion, preferably for the introduction of vertical barrier layers and drainage and for laying supply lines in the ground, loose rock or the like. usually to a depth of approx. 2 m.
  • This invention relates primarily to the absorption of loosened soil.
  • the pre-loosening is carried out using a spade, pickaxe or the like.
  • Further disadvantages of this method are due to the principle of suction.
  • the suction depth is limited to 1.80 ⁇ m with a powerful suction device, the formation of vertical, flat and stable shaft walls is not ensured by the suction principle.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention solves the problem of a slot in the ground or the like. with the to produce the required depth, the width of which is not greater than the type and dimensions of the substances to be introduced into the ground, supply lines or the like. require, in such a way that stable slit walls are formed, no moisture gets into the adjacent areas and the like or in the ground. existing pipe systems or the like not be damaged.
  • this is achieved on the basis of flow promotion by the removal of the soil or the like according to the method.
  • a jacking and conveying device by one or more gaseous pressure jets directed in the jacking direction and the removed soil or the like.
  • the soil or the like is detached from this work sole. through the formation of a conveying stream, by one or more propulsion jets or the like on the soil lying on the working sole in the advancing direction or the like.
  • this method not only removes and conveys the soil very effectively in the area of the embankment, but also simultaneously continuous consolidation of the side slit walls takes place without additional means or measures. Furthermore, it was found that the conveying capacity of the compressed air flow in relation to the coarse grain can be significantly increased by a certain minimum fine grain fraction. This makes it possible to convey all the coarse-grained constituents freely movable in the slot out of the slot without any significant delay and without additional comminution. If the fine grain content in the soil is below the minimum value, it is advisable to add fine grain to the medium and / or the flow. Depending on the required slot depth, it may prove expedient to bring the slot down in layers.
  • the depth of a layer depends on the nature of the soil to be excavated or the like, so that at least one previous working sole and one current working sole are created. In this case, it is necessary to transfer the flow formed along the embankment using means known in the art of fluid mechanics to bring the level of the previous work sole out so that it essentially maintains its direction until the fall arrester is reached. This effectively prevents the coarse and fine particles from segregating. If the loose rock is of a certain quality, for example in the case of cohesive earth materials, it may be advantageous to design the propulsion jet in a pulsed manner. This results in a better detachment of the soil.
  • an angular momentum can be caused by the nozzle being designed and / or rotating accordingly.
  • the delivery rate can be increased further by making the delivery flow pulsating. This can be achieved, for example, by operating one of the guide nozzles in a pulsed manner. It can or the like in certain cases, especially with little or no cohesive earth materials. with low storage density may be necessary to increase the stability of the slot walls. This is achieved, for example, by applying stabilizing liquids or vibrating compaction in sections or continuously. This is preferably done by technical means that are carried on the jacking and conveying device and operated with the energy of the gas stream available there. For better controllability of the method, it is advantageous to decouple the guide and pressure jet system on the pressure side.
  • the object is further achieved in that the device expediently consists of a jacking and conveying device which, in an embodiment which is as advantageous as possible, has gas pipes 1 and 2 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the slot, with a jacking nozzle at the end of the rear gas pipe 1 bent forward in the jacking direction and at least one guide nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the front gas pipe 2.
  • a jacking and conveying device which, in an embodiment which is as advantageous as possible, has gas pipes 1 and 2 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the slot, with a jacking nozzle at the end of the rear gas pipe 1 bent forward in the jacking direction and at least one guide nozzle is arranged in the lower region of the front gas pipe 2.
  • the propulsion nozzle should be slit-shaped and rotatably arranged on the gas pipe 1, the major axis of its opening cross section being adjustable in an angular range from 0 ⁇ -90 ⁇ degrees to the working base of the slit.
  • the propulsion jet emerging from this propulsion nozzle detaches the soil in the area of the embankment foot and causes this detached soil or the like to swirl. to a mixture of earth and gas in the lower area of the slot.
  • the adjustment of the angle of the major axis of the opening cross-section of the propulsion nozzle enables a continuous variation of the slot width to be produced in a certain area.
  • the guide nozzles also have slit-shaped gas outlet openings and are on the gas pipe 2 rotatably arranged. Depending on the required slot width, this makes it possible to optimally adjust the major axes of these guide nozzles to the major axis of the propulsion nozzle, depending on the respective soil material.
  • the guide jets emerging from these guide nozzles initially convert the turbulent mixture of earth and gas into a flow. The flow is pressed against the embankment by the guide beams. This results in a continuous detachment of the soil, loose rock or the like. from the slope surface. The detached earth or the like. is immediately carried away by the flow and fed along the embankment to the collecting device.
  • a runner Under the bent end of the rear gas pipe 1, a runner is attached, the free end of which is either perpendicular to or at a short distance, depending on the nature of the earth, in front of the advance nozzle, the runner being wider than the advance nozzle.
  • the skid thus acts as a guide device for the propulsion jet in the direction of the embankment foot and thus influences the level of the working sole and the width of the slot. It is advantageous to design the skids as a chisel in order to loosen the soil or the like. to achieve or crush inclusions that are not freely movable in the slot.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ of the free end of the runner is 0 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ degrees.
  • the working angle ⁇ of the propulsion nozzle, the working angle ⁇ ⁇ of the guide nozzles and the slope angle ⁇ behave in a mutual manner Size according to the relationship:
  • the working angle ⁇ of the propulsion nozzle is 0 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ degrees.
  • the position of the working sole is also determined by the installation depth of the gas pipes set on the chassis of the jacking and conveying device.
  • the undercarriage is supported with its undercarriage on the upper edge of the site, so that the working sole is parallel to the site.
  • the undercarriage In the manufacture of slots for the renovation of vertical barriers, it may be expedient for the undercarriage to be additionally supported on the building wall with a undercarriage. It is thereby achieved that the propulsion and conveying device is located between the support points of the undercarriage and a small working width or a small space requirement is required for the operation of the device. Above the embankment, on the top edge of the site, a collecting device for collecting and deflecting the flow consisting of a mixture of earth and gas is arranged. It is designed in a known manner so that the earth or the like. separated from the flow and continuously placed next to the slot. Depending on the nature of the earth or the like. it may be necessary to produce the slit in layers.
  • a guide device 2 consisting of an adjustment unit with support wheel 1 and a guide plate with a nose arranged on the jacking and conveying device.
  • the guide plate extends from the upper edge of the working sole of the previous layer to the inlet opening of the collecting device and is supported on the working sole of the previous layer with the support wheel 1 of the adjusting unit.
  • the baffle and the adjustment unit are articulated on the guide device 2. It therefore represents an extension of the slope and prevents heavy parts from being deposited on the working sole of the previous layer from the flow.
  • the nose arranged on the baffle and its articulated arrangement prevents the baffle from being backwashed by the flow.
  • a telescopic design of the guide plate ensures that it will function properly depending on the depth of the working sole.
  • the adjusting unit so that it can oscillate and to provide the support wheel 2 of this adjusting unit with cutting edges.
  • the support wheel ensures that the working sole of the previous layer is compacted in the area of the slope.
  • the working sole of the previous layer in the area of the slope can be loosened if the support wheel is provided with cutting edges. This ensures a better adaptation of the guide plate with nose to the soil conditions of the working sole of the previous layer and effectively prevents backwashing of the guide device 2 even in unfavorable cases.
  • a tongue-shaped extension can be arranged at the inlet opening of the collecting device on the guide device 2. This ensures that the flow cannot exit the slot outside the collecting device.
  • separate compressed air reservoirs are provided, for example, for feeding the gas pipe 1 and 2.
  • the production of the slot 1 begins with the lowering of the propulsion and conveying device 2 onto the working sole 3.
  • the procedure is such that the auxiliary jet 5 emerging from the auxiliary nozzle 7 'behind the unit foot 4 is along or the like up to the base 4 of the aggregate.
  • extending guide device 6 is directed to the ground 18.
  • the auxiliary beam 5 is deflected under the action of the guide device 6 under the unit base 4.
  • the soil or the like under the aggregate foot 4. continuously detached and entrained by the deflected auxiliary beam 5 ', where it is detected by the propulsion beam 8 and transmitted into the feed stream 9.
  • a vertical downward propulsive force is applied to the device 2 such that there are optimal flow conditions for the detachment and extraction of the soil or the like. can form from the channel 10 ⁇ between aggregate base 4 and the subsoil 18 under the influence of the auxiliary beam 5. These working conditions are maintained until the device 2 with its aggregate foot 4 has reached the working sole 3. Then the vertical, downward thrust is released. It can be advantageous to maintain the channel 10 ⁇ with the auxiliary jet 5, possibly with reduced jet pressure, to support the propulsion jet 8 or to optimally vary its angle of attack and to reduce the horizontal propulsive force. To advance the Slot 1 on the reached work sole 3, the required horizontal propulsive force is generated in the direction of the slope 11.
  • the propulsion jet 8 By optimally aligning the aggregate foot 4 with respect to the embankment foot 12, the propulsion jet 8 is so or the like on the soil present there. caused to cause severe erosion there.
  • the propulsion jet 8 is deflected in the opposite direction to the propulsion direction 19 and at the same time with the removed soil or the like. loaded.
  • the propulsion jet 8 'loaded with detached soil and emerging from the hollow of the embankment foot 12 is immediately detected by the guide beams A, B, C and directed in the direction of the embankment 11.
  • the guide beams A, B, C unite with the propulsion jet 8 'to form a flow 9 which or the like. continuously feeds the collecting device 13.
  • the flow 9 is pressed against the embankment 9 such that the erosive effect of the soil contained in the flow 9 or the like. is being used.
  • the flow 9 is further loaded on its way along the embankment 11 and its erosive effect is increased.
  • the soil or the like perpendicular to the direction of advance 19 on the slot walls 17. is continuously solidified, so that slot walls 17 with sufficient stability for carrying out construction measures, such as, for example, introducing supply lines, closures and the like, can be made without additional effort. form.
  • construction measures such as, for example, introducing supply lines, closures and the like
  • suitable methods known from the prior art for additionally strengthening the slot walls 17 are to be used.
  • soil or the like With an extremely low storage density, it can be particularly advantageous, for example, to additionally solidify the slot walls 17 by static and / or vibration compression.
  • binder mixtures for example in the case of channel strips with liquid guidance. Due to the slot depth specified by the intended purpose and the nature of the subsoil 18, it may be necessary in certain cases to produce the slot 1 in layers. As a result, the embankment 11 no longer extends from the current work base 3 to the top edge 15 of the terrain, but only to the work base of the previous layer 14.
  • a guide device 16 known per se can be used to convey the flow 9 over the work base 14 feed the previous layer to the collecting device 13.
  • the device shown in FIG. 4 consists of a jacking and conveying device 2 arranged on a chassis 20 ⁇ , a collecting device 13 connected to a joint 40 ⁇ and a guide device 16 rigidly attached to the jacking and conveying device 2.
  • the jacking and conveying device 2 consists from one behind the other and firmly connected gas pipes 21, 22 and 44. At the gas outlet end of the gas pipe 21 there is a propulsion nozzle 7. Am The gas nozzles A ', B', C 'are arranged at the gas outlet end of the gas pipe 22. The lower end of the gas pipe 44 opens into the auxiliary nozzle 7 '.
  • the propulsion nozzle 7 is rotatably and interchangeably arranged on the gas pipe 21 and is formed in a slit shape.
  • the guide nozzles A ', B', C ' also have slit-shaped gas outlet openings and are rotatably arranged on the gas pipe 22.
  • a blade-shaped runner 24 is attached below the propulsion nozzle 7, the free end of which is perpendicular to the propulsion nozzle 7, the runner 24 being wider than the propulsion nozzle.
  • a spade-shaped guide device 6 which is adjustable in height with its lower end in relation to the runner 24.
  • the angle of attack ⁇ of the free end of the runner is 24 0 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ degrees.
  • the working angle ⁇ of the propulsion nozzle 7, the working angle ⁇ ⁇ of the guide nozzles A ', B', C 'and the slope angle ⁇ behave in their mutual size according to the relationship:
  • the working angle ⁇ of the propulsion nozzle 7 is 0 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ degrees.
  • the collecting device 13 with affang box 38, tongue-shaped extension 37 and outlet opening 38 ' is arranged at the top of the terrain 15.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
EP91250026A 1990-01-30 1991-01-30 Procédé et dispositif pour créer des tranchées stables dans la terre et/ou le terrain non consolidé Withdrawn EP0442589A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DD337413 1990-01-30
DD33741390A DD300692A7 (de) 1990-01-30 1990-01-30 Verfahren zur herstellung von standfesten schlitzen im erdreich, lockergestein o.dgl.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0442589A1 true EP0442589A1 (fr) 1991-08-21

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ID=5616153

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91250026A Withdrawn EP0442589A1 (fr) 1990-01-30 1991-01-30 Procédé et dispositif pour créer des tranchées stables dans la terre et/ou le terrain non consolidé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0442589A1 (fr)
DD (1) DD300692A7 (fr)
DE (1) DE9101173U1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4306333A1 (de) * 1993-02-24 1994-08-25 I B I S Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung standfester Schlitze im Erdreich, Lockergestein o. dgl. auf der Grundlage des Strömungsförderns
DE4345180A1 (de) * 1993-02-24 1994-09-15 Gmbh Bohry & Co Maschbau Druckluftschlitzgerät zur Herstellung von standfesten Schlitzen im Erdreich, Lockergestein o. dgl. auf der Grundlage des Strömungsförderns

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19645472A1 (de) * 1996-10-26 1998-04-30 I S I S Ingenieur Seminar Fuer Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von standfesten Schlitzen im Erdreich, Lockergestein oder dergleichen

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797503A (en) * 1953-07-31 1957-07-02 Penn P Livingston Trench cutting tool
DE1927489A1 (de) * 1969-05-30 1970-12-03 Miag Muehlenbau & Ind Gmbh Verfahren zum Zufuehren von Schuettgut zur Saugduese eines Schuettguthebers und Vorrichtung hierzu
GB1320693A (en) * 1969-04-30 1973-06-20 Hansen F Process and apparatus for excavating the ground
FR2456170A1 (fr) * 1979-05-11 1980-12-05 Monnier Alain Procede et dispositif de terrassement
EP0251660A1 (fr) * 1986-06-23 1988-01-07 Air Technologies Inc. Procédé et dispositif d'excavation du sol ou similaire
DE3810932A1 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-19 Alexander Muehlstaedter Saugbagger-mundstueck

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2797503A (en) * 1953-07-31 1957-07-02 Penn P Livingston Trench cutting tool
GB1320693A (en) * 1969-04-30 1973-06-20 Hansen F Process and apparatus for excavating the ground
DE1927489A1 (de) * 1969-05-30 1970-12-03 Miag Muehlenbau & Ind Gmbh Verfahren zum Zufuehren von Schuettgut zur Saugduese eines Schuettguthebers und Vorrichtung hierzu
FR2456170A1 (fr) * 1979-05-11 1980-12-05 Monnier Alain Procede et dispositif de terrassement
EP0251660A1 (fr) * 1986-06-23 1988-01-07 Air Technologies Inc. Procédé et dispositif d'excavation du sol ou similaire
DE3810932A1 (de) * 1988-03-31 1989-10-19 Alexander Muehlstaedter Saugbagger-mundstueck

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4306333A1 (de) * 1993-02-24 1994-08-25 I B I S Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung standfester Schlitze im Erdreich, Lockergestein o. dgl. auf der Grundlage des Strömungsförderns
DE4345180A1 (de) * 1993-02-24 1994-09-15 Gmbh Bohry & Co Maschbau Druckluftschlitzgerät zur Herstellung von standfesten Schlitzen im Erdreich, Lockergestein o. dgl. auf der Grundlage des Strömungsförderns
DE4345180C2 (de) * 1993-02-24 1999-02-18 I S I S Ingenieur Seminar Fuer Druckluftschlitzgerät zur Herstellung von standfesten Schlitzen im Erdreich und Lockergestein auf der Grundlage des Strömungsförderns

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DD300692A7 (de) 1992-07-02
DE9101173U1 (fr) 1991-07-04

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