Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/722—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols having mixed oxyalkylene groups; Polyalkoxylated fatty alcohols or polyalkoxylated alkylaryl alcohols with mixed oxyalkylele groups

Definitions

• This invention relates to powdered detergents for washing machines, and more particularly to the powdered detergents for washing machines, having a high content of nonionic surfactants. These detergents, actually, have a better cleansing capacity against dirt of the fatty type, and particularly for washing at low temperature.
• detergents for washing machines utilize mixtures of surfactants which have beside a good cleansing power also a good foam-control capacity during washing and rinsing.
• the foam-control is necessary to avoid that foam, by escaping out of the drum, may damage the washing machine. Moreover, the excess of foam hinders the mechanical flapping of linen within the washing machines, thus reducing the cleansing action of the detergent.
• anionic surfactants of the sulfonate/sulfate type such as LAS, AS, nonionic surfactants such as natural or synthetic polycondensed alcohols with ethylene/propylene oxide and soaps derived from fatty acids substantially of natural origin, of varied compositions and as a mixture, such as fatty acids from tallow, coconut, fish, colza, etc.
• mixtures from said surfactants which are suitable as to foam-control during washing and rinsing, may be: Surfactant I II III IV LAS + AS 5 7 6 8 NONIONIC 2 4 6 3 SOAP 3 3 3 5
• soap reacts with the hardness salts of the water to form calcium and magnesium salts, which tend to control the foam during the entire washing cycle, particularly at high temperatures, and even in the rinsing step.
• the control of foam can also be effected, as a partial alternative to soap, by using antifoaming substances or systems, such as silicones and waxes.
• antifoaming substances or systems such as silicones and waxes.
• the use of the above antifoaming substances can be effective in the washing step, but not as much effective in the rinsing step; therefore, the use of a certain amount of soap is preferred.
• an aqueous slurry is formed of surfactants, builders, alkalizing, anti-redeposing, stabilizing, optical bleaching materials, etc.; successively said slurry is dried by atomization in a hot air stream, by using plants usually called spray-driers, thus obtaining a granulated powder which, mixed with other components which are usually heat-labile and, therefore, unfit for hot-processing, originates the final detergent.
• the present trend is to reduce the maximum washing temperature: this is a direct function of the greater diffusion of synthetic fibres and colored fabrics.
• nonionic surfactants having low ethylene oxide content and low HLB, and in amounts higher than usual.
• nonionic surfactants are liquid at room temperature and are more volatile (high vapor tension).
• the quality of the product is not satisfactory: the final product is greasy to the touch, is not flowable, and is packageable with difficulty.
• soap may be used in detergents even in large percentage amounts, in combination with large amounts of nonionic surfactants added in "post addition", without incurring in the above-mentioned disadvantages of the known detergents produced according to the present state of the art.
• the amount of soap in the slurry containing the other surfactants may be either eliminated or drastically reduced, with resulting advantages also from the standpoint of the slurry atomization, thereafter adding it by dry-mixing with the heat-labile components into the atomized detergent.
• the manner according to the invention of incorporating soap into the detergent does not hinder the adsorption capacity of nonionic surfactants, thus enabling the production of flowable detergents containing high concentrations of nonionic surfactants which are liquid at room temperature.
• soap in the manner set forth by the present invention is more convenient with respect to the silicone derivatives and waxes, both for economic and performance reasons: in fact, soap usually controls better than silicones the level of foam during the rinsing steps in a washing machine.
• Soap which is used for dry-mixing into detergents according to the invention may have different physical forms: powder, granules, scales or the like. Usually, it is added in percentages of 0.5 to 8% b.w. based on the weight of the final product.
• the weight ratio between soap and nonionic surfactants in the final product may range according to the invention between 10:1 and 2:1, with a content of nonionic surfactants in the final product ranging from 5 to 16% b.w.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=11142033

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (4)

Citations (4)

• 1989
  • 1989-11-15 IT IT01259789A patent/IT1236128B/it active IP Right Grant
• 1990
  • 1990-11-07 EP EP90121266A patent/EP0432449A1/fr not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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