EP0421206A1 - Device for securing goods to goods-vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

A device (10) for securing transport containers (11) to transport vessels, in particular ships, is proposed, comprising a connecting device (13), the first end (130) of which can be connected to the transport container (11), and a tensioning device (14), the first end (140) of which can be connected to the transport vessel (12), which end (140) can be adjusted in length by a threaded spindle (142), the second end (131) of the connecting device (13) having a plurality of widened anchoring portions (132) via which the second end of the tensioning device (14) can be alternatively connected to the connecting device (13) in a suitably selected spacing grid. The tensioning device (14) has a slide body (16) for accommodating the widened anchoring portions (132) and is freely movable essentially in the axial direction (143) of the tensioning device (14). …<IMAGE>…

Description

The invention relates to a device for securing transport containers on transport vehicles, in particular ships, comprising a connecting device, the first end of which can be connected to the transport container, and a tensioning device, the length-adjustable first end of which can be connected to the transport vehicle with a threaded spindle, the second end of the connecting device has a plurality of anchoring thickenings, via which the second end of the tensioning device can be optionally connected to the connecting device in a suitably selected spacing grid.

A device of this type is known (DE-Gbm 88 07 164). On transport vehicles such as seagoing ships Transport containers, hereinafter referred to as containers, are stacked one above the other and next to one another, and are non-positively connected on the one hand and on the other hand to the deck of the ship to secure them against slipping. Earlier connections with which such securing of the containers were carried out on the deck of a ship consisted of rope or rod-shaped connecting devices, one end of which was anchored to the corner fitting of a container and the other end of which was attached to the deck of the ship via ordinary, length-adjustable tensioning screws Fasteners such as eyes or the like have been bandaged.

It has been shown that when stowing and securing the container with the means described above, on the one hand, a relatively large amount of time passes because the length differences between the fastening opening in the container and the deck fastening have to be overcome by turning the spindle to change the length of the device, and therefore on the other hand in order to keep such congestion events in a portable frame at all, had to be carried out by several people at the same time.

In the known device mentioned above, attempts have been made to overcome this problem in that the connecting device has a plurality of suitably spaced-apart anchoring thickenings, which are selected in a kind of rough adjustment according to the distance to be overcome between the fastening opening in the container and the deck fastening and is hooked behind a projection which forms the end of the known clamping device at the end opposite the threaded spindle. The In the known clamping device, the threaded spindle itself is guided in a sliding block which has a through hole provided with an internal thread, in which the threaded spindle is rotatably received. The sliding block designed as a spindle nut can be displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the clamping device for fine adjustment of the clamping device by means of the threaded spindle cooperating therewith. The projection for receiving the anchoring thickening can thus be freely moved in the direction of the connecting device which is to be coupled to the tensioning device, until the anchoring thickening selected for the rough adjustment lies so far behind the projection of the tensioning device that it is gripped and axially extended by the device as a whole Movement engages behind the projection and is held there. The connection is then finally secured by rotating the threaded spindle of the tensioning device until the sliding block of the tensioning device bears against the end of the tensioning device facing away from the connecting device and the final axial length is adjusted by shortening the device as a whole by further turning the threaded spindle.

A disadvantage of the known device is that in order to grip the anchoring thickenings of the connecting device, the entire tensioning device must be raised in order to push the tensioning device onto the selected anchoring thickening for the rough adjustment of the connecting length of the device. It is understandable that this is associated with great effort for those responsible for lashing and securing the containers, since the tensioning devices alone are of considerable weight have, in addition to the fact that lifting the entire tensioning device creates considerable risk of injury due to a possible slip out of hand. Another significant disadvantage of the known device is that the longitudinally displaceable sliding block designed as a threaded nut must run very precisely in suitable guides in the clamping device so that the thread of the threaded spindle nut is continuously axially aligned with the clamping device. Guides of this type also require an increased design and manufacturing outlay in relation to the manufacture of the tensioning device, so that the tensioning device of the known device can only be produced in a relatively complex and therefore costly manner.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device which can be handled more easily and with a lower risk of injury compared to the known device, so that personnel can also be saved in the process of stowing transport containers by means of the device, and which can be produced overall inexpensively.

The object is achieved according to the invention in that the tensioning device has a slide body for receiving the anchoring thickening, which is essentially freely movable in the axial direction of the tensioning device.

The advantage of the device according to the invention lies essentially in the fact that the slide body can be pushed back and forth within the tensioning device without any force being exerted, in a position which is appropriately selected for that of the concerned Anchoring thickening of the connecting device corresponds, and then gripped by the carriage body and locked on it.

Basically, there are various suitable options for releasably accommodating the anchoring thickenings in the slide body. However, it has proven to be advantageous that the carriage body has at least one claw-like web for entry and for receiving the connection thickening, the claw-like web having the advantage that it represents a very effective and simple way of forming a fastening device.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device, the web has a radially open through hole for entry and for receiving the connecting device, which makes it possible for the connecting device, with its body part formed between two anchoring thickenings that are spaced apart, to be inserted through the radial opening of the web are and then only needs to be pulled axially to the through hole in the clamping direction, so that the anchoring thickenings can nestle on the edge of the hole in the through hole or on the web.

In order to increase the gripping or locking security in the area of the through hole of the web, the through hole of the first web advantageously has on its side facing away from the threaded spindle a substantially axial countersunk hole to its hole axis, which can be, for example, a cylindrical countersunk hole, so that in the loaded state of the device the anchoring thickening comes to rest at least partially in the axial countersunk hole.

In principle, it is sufficient for the intended function of the device that the carriage body has only one web for entry and for receiving the anchoring thickening or for receiving the connecting device in general. However, it has turned out to be very advantageous that the slide body has two spaced-apart webs which are connected to one another via a spacer element. Basically, the webs have radially open through holes of the same design, but it is entirely sufficient that only the through hole of the first web, as mentioned above, has an axial countersunk hole on its side facing away from the threaded spindle, while the second web, that to the threaded spindle is directed only needs to have a radially open through hole without countersink. This second web, however, has such a large through-hole in diameter that the anchoring thickening with its cylindrical part fits axially fully movably, so that the connecting device during the locking process via its anchoring thickening only with an anchoring thickening axially on the bottom of the countersunk hole when the device is loaded can support in the axial direction, while with anchored connections in the through hole of the respective web there is also radial support by the respective web, d. H. the radially open through holes do not allow the anchoring thickenings to emerge from the through holes receiving them when they have been axially inserted into them.

The spacer element which connects the two webs of the carriage body to one another can in principle be of any suitable design, ie webs or rods can be provided for this purpose, for example only have the task of keeping the two webs of the carriage body at a suitably preselected distance. Advantageously, however, the spacer element is essentially U-shaped in cross-section, the spacer element basically being able to consist of a tube with a circular cross-section, from which the upper tube part has been removed.

Basically, the carriage body can be guided on any suitable guides in the clamping device. However, in order to remain within the scope of the availability of the device aimed at at low cost, the web advantageously has two opposite guide openings essentially parallel to the through-hole axis and essentially in the same axis plane, which are axially movable in appropriately designed guides in the tensioning device.

To create guide devices for the slide body or the openings provided for this purpose in the webs, the tensioning device is advantageously formed by two essentially parallel rods which are provided at their first and second ends with a first and a second closing element, respectively. The end elements are advantageously connected to one another by means of welded connections with the two parallel rods, but the end elements can also be designed such that the ends of the rods are provided with threaded attachments which engage in corresponding threaded holes provided in the end elements.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the device, this indicates the anchoring thickening directed second closure element on a radially open through hole for the passage of the connecting device, while the first closure element directed towards the transport vehicle advantageously has a threaded through hole for receiving the threaded spindle.

The radially open through hole of the second closure element thus permits the undisturbed axial passage of the anchoring thickenings when the anchoring thickenings are received in the through holes of the webs or in the countersunk hole of one web, so that an undisturbed movement of the sled body with anchoring thickenings to be accommodated therein or Connection device as such is possible.

For this undisturbed mobility of the carriage body, it is advantageous that the axes of the through holes of the end elements, which essentially form the axis of the clamping device, are aligned with the through axes of the webs. The same naturally also applies to the axis of the threaded spindle, so that the device as a whole does not become jammed when the tensioning process is carried out and is therefore easy to operate with all its movement elements.

The rods forming the tensioning device can be of any suitable length depending on the requirement, so that with a small supply of tensioning devices of different rod lengths, spacers or devices for bridging distances between the corner of a container and the attachment to the deck of a ship, regardless of the different length adjustable Training of the connecting device itself are unnecessary. Are the rods of the tensioning device Relatively long, it can be advantageous to attach at least one intermediate element between the first and the second closure element, via which the two rods are connected by a welded connection or any other suitable connection, so that the stability of the tensioning device is increased and the unimpeded displaceability the carriage body is guaranteed.

The connecting device, which also has a fastening device for fastening in the corner fittings of a container, can otherwise be of any suitable design, i. H. it can be realized from a flexible rope, a solid rod-shaped part or also from a combination of a rope with a rod. It is also possible to use a chain for the part of the connecting device that overcomes the distance, possibly in connection with a steel cable and / or a rod.

The anchoring thickenings of the connecting device advantageously each have a section which is cylindrical in cross section and a conical section connected to it, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of which essentially corresponds to the cross-sectional thickness of the connecting device which is rod-shaped at least in this region.

In order to ensure that, in the case of a carriage body formed with two spaced-apart webs, both anchoring thickenings, which are respectively engaged with the web, are held in the through bores and cannot escape in the radial direction, the distance corresponds to two adjacent thickening devices essentially the distance between the two webs of the carriage body.

The invention will now be described with reference to the following schematic drawings using an exemplary embodiment.

• Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf die Spanneinrich­tung der Vorrichtung,
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht auf die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Spanneinrichtung,
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Verbindungs­einrichtung der Vorrichtung, wobei die die Figuren 1, 2 und 3 verbindende gestrichelte Linie symbolisch den Eingriff der Verbindung zwischen der die Vorrichtung bildenden Spannein­richtung und Verbindungseinrichtung darstellt,
• Fig. 4 a eine Ansicht der Spanneinrichtung von unten (Fig. 1) in vergrößertem Maß­stab,
• Fig. 4 b eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 4 a dargestellte Spanneinrichtung im Ausschnitt,
• Fig. 5 a eine Ansicht auf die Spanneinrichtung von oben (Fig. 1, unter Weglassung der Gewindespindel) in vergrößertem Maßstab,
• Fig. 5 b eine Draufsicht auf die in Fig. 5 a dargestellte Spanneinrichtung im Ausschnitt,
• Fig. 6 a eine Draufsicht auf den Schlittenkör­per unter teilweiser Darstellung der den Schlittenkörper aufnehmenden Spanneinrichtung,
• Fig. 6 b eine Seitenansicht auf die Darstellung von Fig. 5 a,
• Fig. 7 a einen Schnitt entlang der Linie C-D von Fig. 6 a,
• Fig. 7 b einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-B von Fig. 6 a und
• Fig. 8 a - c verschiedene Möglichkeiten der An­bringung der Vorrichtung aus Verbin­dungseinrichtung und Spanneinrichtung zum Sichern von Containern unter­schiedlicher Größe untereinander und in bezug auf das Deck eines Schiffes.

In it show:

• 1 is a plan view of the clamping device of the device,
• 2 is a side view of the tensioning device shown in FIG. 1,
• 3 shows a plan view of the connecting device of the device, the dashed line connecting FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 symbolically representing the engagement of the connection between the tensioning device and connecting device forming the device,
• 4 a is a view of the clamping device from below (FIG. 1) on an enlarged scale,
• 4 b is a plan view of the clamping device shown in FIG. 4 a in a detail,
• Fig. 5 a is a view of the clamping device from above (Fig. 1, omitting the Threaded spindle) on an enlarged scale,
• 5 b is a plan view of the clamping device shown in FIG. 5 a in a detail,
• 6 a is a plan view of the slide body with a partial representation of the clamping device receiving the slide body,
• 6 b is a side view of the representation of FIG. 5 a,
• 7 a shows a section along the line CD of FIG. 6 a,
• Fig. 7 b is a section along the line AB of Fig. 6 a and
• Fig. 8 a - c different ways of attaching the device from the connecting device and tensioning device for securing containers of different sizes to each other and in relation to the deck of a ship.

The device 10 for fastening transport containers, hereinafter called containers, on transport vehicles 12 essentially comprises a tensioning device, cf. Fig. 1 and a connecting device, cf. Fig. 3.

The connecting device has a first end 130 and a second end 131 and consists essentially of a distance-bridging rod, rope or chain-shaped part or combinations thereof. The area 136 of the connecting device 13, i. H. the part which is directed towards the second end 131 consists of a rod-shaped part, on which anchoring thickenings 132 are applied or fastened at a suitable spacing from one another. All of the anchoring thickenings 132 arranged there can be chosen arbitrarily in terms of size, but the same among one another. The anchoring thickenings 132 have a section 133 which is cylindrical in cross section and a conical section 134 connected thereto. The smallest cross-sectional diameter of the conical section 134 corresponds essentially to the cross-sectional thickness 135 of the rod-shaped connecting device 13, at least in this area 136, as mentioned above Description of the clamping device 14 described carriage body 15. The connecting device, cf. 7, when the anchoring thickenings 132 formed there intervene differently with the connecting device, it is suitable to bridge different distances between a fastening device on the deck of a transport vehicle 12 and the corner fittings of a container.

The tensioning device 14 has a first end 140 and a second end 141 and essentially consists of two rods 144, 145 of equal length and spaced apart from one another, the first and second ends 146, 147 of which each have a first end element 148 or a second end element 149 are connected to one another, cf. 4 and 5.

The closing element 148 has a through hole 153 which is provided with an internal thread 152 and connects the two first ends 146 of the rods 144, 145. The through hole 151 with its internal thread 152 serves to receive a threaded spindle 142 which on its opposite side from the actual threaded part End has a fastening device with which the tensioning device 14 can be fastened in a suitable and known manner, for example on the deck of a transport vehicle 12.

At the second end 147, the two rods 144, 145 are connected by the second closure element 149, which has a through hole 151 with a radial opening 150, cf. Fig. 4. Both rods 144, 145 are connected between their first and second ends 140, 141 via an intermediate element 154 in order to keep them constantly at the same distance. A plurality of intermediate elements can also be provided between the two rods 144, 145. The axis of the tensioning device 143 essentially corresponds to the axis 155 of the first closure element 148 and the axis 156 of the second closure element 149.

The rods 144, 145 form guides for a slide body 16, which comprises two webs 161, 162 formed essentially perpendicularly thereto or to the axis 143 of the tensioning device 14. The two webs 161, 162 are connected to one another by a spacer element 172 which is essentially U-shaped in cross section and is therefore open on one side from above. In the two webs 161, 162 are essentially at right angles arranged through their through holes 163, 164, each having a radial opening 165, 166, cf. 6. The clear width of the radial opening 165, 166 is slightly larger than the cross-sectional thickness 135 of the connecting device 13 in the region 136 of the anchoring thickenings 132. The through hole 163 of the first web 161 has on its side 167 facing away from the threaded spindle 142 facing the through hole axis 169 substantially axial countersunk hole 171. The diameter of the axial countersunk hole 171 is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical section 133 of the anchoring thickening 132, so that the anchoring thickening 132 can be received in the axial countersunk hole 171. The distance 176 between the first web 161 and the second web 172 essentially corresponds to the distance 137 between two adjacent anchoring thickenings 132. Both webs 161, 162 have two opposite guide openings 174 lying essentially parallel to the through-hole axis 169, 170 and lying in the same axis plane 173, 175, cf. Fig. 6, which each take the adjacent rods 144, 145. The carriage body 16 can thus be moved back and forth in the direction of the arrows 177, 178.

The device 10 is put into operation as follows. To secure the containers 11, the tensioning device 14 is first fastened with its first end 140, on which the threaded spindle 142 is arranged, to the transport vehicle 12 via the known fastening element formed there, for example to fastening eyes formed on the deck of a ship. The connecting device 13 is then fastened with its first end 30, which has a known connecting element for fastening in the standardized corners of a container corner fitting. Then the second one End 131 of the connecting device, that is essentially the area 136 of the connecting device 13, which has the anchoring thickenings 132, is connected to the tensioning device 14 in such a way that the rod-shaped area of the connecting device 13 is pressed or inserted through the radial openings 165, 166 of the slide body 16 after the carriage body 16, which can be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrows 177, 178, has been pushed to the level of the selected anchoring thickenings 132. Since, as mentioned, the cross-sectional thickness 135 of the rod-shaped region of the connecting device 13 is slightly smaller than the clear width of the radial openings 165, 166, the rod-shaped region of the connecting device 13 can easily pass through the radial openings 165, 166 into the through holes 163, 164 be moved radially. If the axis of the connecting device 13 corresponds approximately to the axis 143 of the tensioning device 14, the slide body 16 is released or shifted slightly in the direction of the arrow 177 by the operator, so that the two suitably selected anchoring thickenings 132, which come to rest in the through holes 163, 164 should be pushed onto the cylindrical section 133 of the anchoring thickenings 132 until the anchoring thickening received by the first web 161 rests with its back 138 against the bottom of the countersunk hole 179. The connecting device 13 is now connected in a kind of loose connection to the tensioning device 14, since the anchoring thickenings 132 cannot get out of the radial openings 165, 166 of the through holes 163, 164 of the webs 161, 162 in the radial direction.

The operator now has both hands free and can turn the clamping device 14 to cause the Carriage body 16 moves in the direction of arrow 178 until first web 161 abuts the second closure element. Since a further movement of the carriage body 16 in the direction of arrow 178 is then no longer possible, the overall length of the device 10 consisting of the connecting device 13 and the clamping device 14 is subsequently reduced by rotating the clamping device 14 relative to the fixed threaded spindle, so that the containers 11 are relatively closed a transport vehicle 12 can be securely attached.

Reference symbol list

• 10 device
• 11 transport containers
• 13 connecting device
• 130 first end
• 131 second end
• 132 anchor thickening
• 133 cylindrical section
• 134 conical section
• 135 cross-sectional thickness
• 136 area
• 137 distance
• 138 back
• 14 tensioning device
• 140 first end
• 141 second end
• 142 threaded spindle (clamping screw)
• 143 axis of the clamping device
• 144 rod
• 145 bar
• 146 first end
• 147 second end
• 148 first closing element
• 149 second closing element
• 150 radial opening
• 151 through hole
• 152 thread
• 153 through hole
• 154 intermediate element
• 155 axis
• 156 axis
• 16 sled bodies
• 161 footbridge (first)
• 162 footbridge (second)
• 163 through hole
• 164 through hole
• 165 radial opening
• 166 radial opening
• 167 opposite end of the web
• 168 opposite end of the web
• 169 through hole axis
• 170 through hole axis
• 171 countersunk hole
• 172 spacer
• 173 axis plane
• 174 guide opening
• 175 guide opening
• 176 distance
• 177 arrow
• 178 arrow
• 179 floor

Claims (14)

1.Device for securing transport containers on transport vehicles, in particular ships, comprising a connecting device, the first end of which can be connected to the transport container, and a tensioning device, whose length-adjustable first end can be connected to the transport vehicle, the second end of the connecting device being a Has a plurality of anchoring thickenings, by means of which the second end of the tensioning device can optionally be connected to the connecting device in suitably chosen spacing grids, characterized in that the tensioning device (14) has a slide body (14) for receiving the anchoring thickening (132) has, which is essentially freely movable in the axial (143) direction of the clamping device. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the slide body (16) has at least one claw-like web (161; 162) for entry and for receiving the anchoring thickenings (132). 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the web (161; 162) has a radially open (165; 166) through hole (163; 164) for entry and for receiving the connecting device (13). 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the through hole (163) of the first web (161) on its side facing away from the threaded spindle (142) (167) has a substantially axial countersunk hole (171) to its hole axis (169, 170). having. 5. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two spaced apart webs (161, 162) are connected to one another via a spacer element (172). 6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the spacer element (172) is substantially U-shaped in cross section. 7. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the web (161, 162) substantially parallel to the through-hole axis (169; 170) and in the same axis plane (173) two opposite guide openings (174; 175) having. 8. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the clamping device (14) is formed by two substantially parallel rods (144, 145), each with at its first and second ends (146, 147) a first and a second end element (148, 149) are provided. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the anchoring thickening (132) directed towards the second end element (149) has a radially open (150) through hole (151) for the passage of the connecting device (13). 10. The device according to one or both of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the first end element (148) directed towards the transport vehicle (12) has a threaded hole (152) through hole (153) for receiving the threaded spindle (142) . 11. The device according to one or both of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the axes (155, 156) of the through holes (151, 153) which essentially form the axis (143) of the clamping device (14) with the through-hole axes (169, 170) of the webs (161, 162) are aligned. 12. The device according to one or more of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that between the first and the second end element (148, 149) an intermediate element (154) is arranged which connects the rods (144, 145). 13. The device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the anchoring thickenings (132) each have a cross section have cylindrical section (133) and a conical section (134) connected thereto, the smallest cross-sectional diameter of which essentially corresponds to the cross-sectional thickness (135) of the connecting device (13) which is rod-shaped at least in this region (136). 14. The device according to one or more of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that the distance (137) of two adjacent anchoring thickenings (132) substantially corresponds to the distance (176) of the two webs (161, 162) of the carriage body (16).

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