EP0418292A1 - Phosphoramide zur verwendung als antitumormittel - Google Patents
Phosphoramide zur verwendung als antitumormittelInfo
- Publication number
- EP0418292A1 EP0418292A1 EP19890906634 EP89906634A EP0418292A1 EP 0418292 A1 EP0418292 A1 EP 0418292A1 EP 19890906634 EP19890906634 EP 19890906634 EP 89906634 A EP89906634 A EP 89906634A EP 0418292 A1 EP0418292 A1 EP 0418292A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- compound according
- hydrogen
- substituted
- nitrogen
- electron withdrawing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000002246 antineoplastic agent Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 150000008039 phosphoramides Chemical class 0.000 title description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract 4
- -1 nitro-substituted nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 125000006575 electron-withdrawing group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 claims description 6
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001589 carboacyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWSOGIZHXGRMDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[amino-[(2-nitrophenyl)methoxy]phosphoryl]-2-chloro-n-(2-chloroethyl)ethanamine Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P(=O)(N)OCC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O VWSOGIZHXGRMDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006501 nitrophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000636 p-nitrophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)[N+]([O-])=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004001 thioalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004954 trialkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical group 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 42
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 14
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 14
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 14
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 230000001146 hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclophosphamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)NCCCO1 CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229960004397 cyclophosphamide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IQPMYTNILJQKBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-dichlorophosphorylethanamine Chemical compound ClCCN(P(Cl)(Cl)=O)CCCl IQPMYTNILJQKBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Chemical compound [Li+].C[Si](C)(C)[N-][Si](C)(C)C YNESATAKKCNGOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 150000004957 nitroimidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RJXQSIKBGKVNRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoramide mustard Chemical compound ClCCN(P(O)(=O)N)CCCl RJXQSIKBGKVNRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UDAIGHZFMLGNDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitroquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C21 UDAIGHZFMLGNDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000167854 Bourreria succulenta Species 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007836 KH2PO4 Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010039491 Sarcoma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940041181 antineoplastic drug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000022534 cell killing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019693 cherries Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000003818 flash chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006263 metalation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C)=CC=C21 SMUQFGGVLNAIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWRBVBFLFQKBPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-nitrophenyl)methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O BWRBVBFLFQKBPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzoxazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=NC2=C1 BCMCBBGGLRIHSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKSNSSQWDWCKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-diaminophosphorylethanamine dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.ClCCN(P(N)(=O)N)CCCl PKSNSSQWDWCKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YMDZDFSUDFLGMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-chloroethyl)ethanamine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].ClCC[NH2+]CCCl YMDZDFSUDFLGMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004679 31P NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrobenzaldehyde Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BXRFQSNOROATLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010051779 Bone marrow toxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000006558 Dental Calculus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019739 Dicalciumphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010013709 Drug ineffective Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150026303 HEX1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000246386 Mentha pulegium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016257 Mentha pulegium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000004357 Mentha x piperita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238367 Mya arenaria Species 0.000 description 1
- ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazole Chemical compound C1=COC=N1 ZCQWOFVYLHDMMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenazine Natural products C1=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 PCNDJXKNXGMECE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010072996 Urinary bladder toxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000009956 adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003429 antifungal agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940121375 antifungal agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007640 basal medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzarone Chemical compound CCC=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1C(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RFRXIWQYSOIBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000366 bone marrow toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000006189 buccal tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000480 butynyl group Chemical group [*]C#CC([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002512 chemotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007958 cherry flavor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009643 clonogenic assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000096 clonogenic assay Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ctk1a3526 Chemical compound NP(N)(N)=O DMSZORWOGDLWGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003405 delayed action preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K dicalcium phosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NEFBYIFKOOEVPA-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038472 dicalcium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000390 dicalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGMCXQCYOVCMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K dihydroxy(stearato)aluminium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Al](O)O UGMCXQCYOVCMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013355 food flavoring agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005980 hexynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000001050 hortel pimenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007954 hypoxia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007972 injectable composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NUXLLEYTMQHJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;1-methoxyethenolate Chemical compound [Li+].COC([O-])=C NUXLLEYTMQHJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl salicylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O OSWPMRLSEDHDFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004264 monolayer culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005242 nitropyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000065 noncytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002020 noncytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007968 orange flavor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OZQGLZFAWYKKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxazinane Chemical compound C1CCONC1 OZQGLZFAWYKKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004783 oxidative metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960003742 phenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000006413 ring segment Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XOVSRHHCHKUFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-methylthiohydroxylamine Chemical compound CSN XOVSRHHCHKUFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 210000003932 urinary bladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000391 urinary bladder toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000009637 wintergreen oil Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
- C07F9/24—Esteramides
- C07F9/2454—Esteramides the amide moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/2458—Esteramides the amide moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic of aliphatic amines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
- C07F9/24—Esteramides
- C07F9/2404—Esteramides the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/2429—Esteramides the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic of arylalkanols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/645—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6503—Five-membered rings
- C07F9/6506—Five-membered rings having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3
Definitions
- This invention relates to novel phosphoramides which have useful pharmaceutical properties and are useful as anti-tumor agents.
- Cyclophosphamide also known as cytoxan
- Cyclophosphamide is one of the most widely used anti-cancer drugs in the world. It is administered in combination with a number of other drugs to treat a wide variety of hematolgic and solid tumors.
- the drug requires metabolic activation in the liver to produce metabolities that are toxic to cancer cells.
- the drug is specifically toxic to the urinary bladder and also displays the bone marrow toxicity typical of the alkylating agent class of anti-cancer drugs.
- cyclophosphamide is a potent suppressor of the immune system at the doses used to treat cancer, thus decreasing the infection-fighting ability of patients already debilitated by their disease.
- repeated use of cyclophosphamide frequently results in the development of resistance to the drug in a patient's cancer cells, thus rendering the drug ineffective.
- the present invention describes new phosphoramide compounds that will circumvent one or more of these problems. Place sentence on.
- the compounds of the present invention are effective in treating tumors in animals
- the present invention relates to new chemical phosphoramides possessing anti-tumor activity or capable of possessing anti-tumor activity. These compounds are capable of liberating phosphoramide mustard (the cytotoxic metabolite derived from cyclophosphamides) when exposed to the reducing environment of oxygen-deficient (i.e., hypoxic) cells.
- phosphoramide mustard the cytotoxic metabolite derived from cyclophosphamides
- R 1 and R 2 may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, or lower alkyl which is substituted with halo, hydroxy or lower alkoxy, provided that the substituent is not on the ⁇ -carbon; or R 1 and R 2 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholino ring;
- R 3 and R 4 are independently hydrogen an electron withdrawing group or alkyl containing up to 6 carbon atoms in the main chain and up to a total of 10 carbon atoms and which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with alkyl or an electron withdrawing group;
- R is aryl or a nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen containing heteroaromatic group which is monosubstituted with a nitro group and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
- the lower alkyl groups singly or in combination with other groups containing up to six carbon atoms, which may be in the normal or branched configuration, including methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl, amyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like.
- the preferred alkyl groups contain one to three carbon atoms.
- lower alkenyl group contains two to six carbon atoms and at least one double bond and not more than three double bonds. These groups may be in the normal or branched configuration and include such groups as ethenyl, butenyl, isobutenyl and the like.
- alkynyl refers to a hydrocarbyl group containing up to two to six carbon atoms and contains a triple bond. These groups may be in a normal or branched configuration. These groups include ethynyl, butynyl, hexynyl, and the like.
- the aryl groups are aromatic rings containing from 6 to 10 ring carbon atoms.
- the aryl groups include phenyl, ⁇ -naphthyl or ⁇ -naphthyl.
- the aryl group is preferably phenyl.
- nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen heterocyclic ring is meant to include those heterocyclic rings which include at least one sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen ring atom but which may include one or several of said atoms.
- the expression also includes saturated, and unsaturated heterocyclics as well as the heteroaromatic rings. These groups contain from 5 to 10 ring atoms on the heterocyclic moiety.
- heterocyclic include furan, thiophene, pyrrole, pyridine, pyrazole, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, oxazole, imidazole, quinoline, isoquinoline, indole, benzothiophene, benzofuran, benzoxazole, piperazine, tetrahydrofuran, and the like.
- the preferred heteroaromatic is pyridyl.
- aryl and nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen heterocyclic rings also includes the alkyl substituted aryl and heterocyclic rings.
- said term includes toluene, ethyl benzene, alkyl imidazoles, including N-alkylimidazole, alkyl quinoline, e.g., methyl quinoline, and the like.
- R groups as defined herein are nitro substituted aryl or heteroaromatic.
- the nitro group may be substitued on any position of the aryl or heteroaromatic rings.
- Preferred R groups include nitrophenyls e.g. 2-nitro or 4-nitro phenyls, nitropyridyls, such as 4-nitro-2-pyridyl or 5-nitro-2-pyridyl and nitropyrroles, nitroimidazoles and nitro quinoline.
- the preferred nitroimidazoles are lower alkyl substituted nitroimidazoles wherein lower alkyl contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- Especially preferred lower alkyl imidazoles are N-lower alkyl imidazoles.
- the preferred N-alkyl imidazoles have the formula:
- R 5 is lower alkyl
- nitro group is on the 2,3,or 4-position of the quinoline.
- the preferred R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen or alkyl containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms on the main chain. Both R 1 and R 2 may be monosubstituted with halogen, lower alkoxy or hydroxy at any position except at the ⁇ - position (i.e., the carbon adjacent to the nitrogen in the phosphoramide). It is preferred that the alkyl group be substituted on the omega carbon i.e., the last carbon on the chain away from the nitrogen. Preferred substituents are chloro, hydroxy or ethoxy.
- the preferred R 1 and R 2 groups are hydrogen, CH 2 CH 2 Cl, CH 2 CH 2 OH and CH 2 CH 2 OCH 2 CH 3 . Moreover, it is preferred that R 1 is the same as R 2 .
- R 1 and R 2 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a morpholino ring. This is also a preferred value, of R 1 and
- R 3 and R 4 substituents are either independently hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, with said alkyl group being unsubstituted or substituted with alkyl or an electron-withdrawing group.
- an electron withdrawing group is a group that will draw electrons to itself more than a hydrogen atom would if it occupied the same position in the molecule. See, Jerry March, "Advanced
- Electron withdrawing groups include lower alkoxy, lower alkanoyl, formyl, lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, aryl, arylalkyl, hydroxy, mercapto, lower thioalkyl, carboxy, lower carbalkoxy, aryloxy, halo, nitro, cyano, lower trialkylamino, and the like.
- the function of the electron withdrawing group is to make the hydrogen on R 4 CH-R 3 acidic, that is, easily removable by base.
- the electron withdrawing group when present, is on the alpha carbon ofR 3 or R 4 , that is, on the first carbon atom on the R 3 or R 4 chain, respectively.
- the preferred R 3 groups are hydrogen or carbalkyoxy, especially carbomethoxy, COOCH 3 .
- the preferred R 4 substituent is hydrogen.
- the compounds of the present invention can be prepared by art recognized techniques. An exemplary procedure is outlined below:
- An alkoxide of Formula II is reacted with N,N- bis (2-chloroethyl) phosphoramidic dichloride followed by the addition of an amine R 1 R 2 NH to form the compound of Formula I. It is preferrable that the reaction take place in an inert organic solvent such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, hexane and the like. The reaction can take place at temperatures ranging from the melting point of the solvent to reflux temperatures, but it is preferred that the reaction take place from about - 60°C to room temperature.
- the alkoxide of Fromula II can be prepared by reacting the corresponding alcohol with a strong base, such as alkali metal, an hydroxide or amide of an alkali metal, or a strong metal organic base, e.g., alkoxide, metal alkylamides, and the like or an organo metallic compound, such as metallic alkyls, such as n-butyl lithium, sodium methylate and the like, in accordance with procedures known to one skilled in the art.
- a strong base such as alkali metal, an hydroxide or amide of an alkali metal, or a strong metal organic base, e.g., alkoxide, metal alkylamides, and the like or an organo metallic compound, such as metallic alkyls, such as n-butyl lithium, sodium methylate and the like, in accordance with procedures known to one skilled in the art.
- An alternative procedure for forming the alkoxide of Formula II is to couple an aldehyde having the formula RCHO with an organometallic reagent containing a (CHR 3 R 4 ) moiety.
- the organometallic may be on alkali metal, e.g., Li(CHR 3 R 4 ) or an Grignard reagent such as CHR 3 R 4 Mg X, wherein X is halo and the like.
- the alkali organometallic can be generated by procedures known to one skilled in the art.
- the Grignard can formed by reacting Mg with the halide of Formula wherein X is halo, under Grignard forming conditions.
- CHR 3 R 4 can be metallated by active metals, such as alkali metals to form the MCHR 3 R 4 , wherein M is the active metal using metallation reagents, such as lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide and the like, under metallation conditions.
- active metals such as alkali metals
- metallation reagents such as lithium bis (trimethylsilyl) amide and the like
- the present new compounds which contain basic nitrogen can form salts with acids. All such acid salts are contemplated by the invention but especially preferred are salts with pharmaceutically acceptable acids, such as hydrochloric, sulfuric, nitric, toluenesulfonic, acetic, propionic, tar tar ic , malic and similar such acids well known in this art.
- quaternary salts can be formed using standard techniques of alkylation employing, for example, hydrocarbyl halides or sulfates such as methyl, ethyl, benzyl, propyl or allyl halides or sulfates.
- the compounds of the present invention can be administered to the host in a variety of forms adapted to the chosen route of administration, i.e., orally, intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneous routes.
- the active compound may be orally administered, for example, with an inert diluent or with an assimilable edible carrier, or it may be enclosed in hard or soft shell gelatin capsules, or it may be compressed into tablets, or it may be incorporated directly with the food of the diet.
- the active compound may be incorporated with excipient and used in the form of ingestible tablets, buccal tablets, troches, capsules, elixirs, suspensions, syrups, wafers, and the like.
- Such compositions and preparations should contain at least 0.1% of active compound.
- the percentage of the compositions and preparations may, of course, be varied and may conveniently be between about 2 to about 60% of the weight of the unit.
- compositions or preparations according to the present invention are prepared so that an oral dosage unit form contains an amount ranging from about 100mg to about 5 g of active compound.
- Preferred dosage ranges from about 50 to about 1000 mg of active compound.
- Especially preferred dosage ranges from about 100 to about 500mg of active compound.
- the tablets, troches, pills, capsules and the like may also contain the following: A binder such as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin; excipients such as dicalcium phosphate; a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid and the like; a lubricant such as magnesium stearate; and a sweetening agent such as sucrose, lactose or saccharin or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen, or cherry flavoring may be added.
- a binder such as gum tragacanth, acacia, corn starch or gelatin
- excipients such as dicalcium phosphate
- a disintegrating agent such as corn starch, potato starch, alginic acid and the like
- a lubricant such as magnesium stearate
- a sweetening agent such as sucrose, lactose or saccharin or a flavoring agent such as peppermint, oil of winter
- tablets, pills, or capsules may be coated with shellac, sugar or both.
- a syrup or elixir may contain the active compound, sucrose as a sweetening agent, methyl and propylparabens as preservatives, a dye and flavoring such as cherry or orange flavor.
- any material used in preparing any dosage unit form should be pharmaceutically pure and substantially non-toxic in the amounts employed.
- the active compound may be incorporated into sustained-release preparations and formulations.
- the active compound may also be administered parenterally or intraperitoneally.
- Solutions of the active compound as a free base or pharmacologically acceptable salt can be prepared in water suitably mixed with a surfactant such as hydroxypropylcellulose.
- Dispersions can also be prepared in glycerol, liquid polyethylene glycols, and mixtures thereof and in oils. Under ordinary conditions of storage and use these preparations contain a preservative to prevent the growth of microorganisms.
- the pharmaceutical forms suitable for injectable use include sterile aqueous solutions or dispersions and sterile powders for the extemporaneous preparation of sterile injectable solutions or dispersions.
- the form must be sterile and must be fluid to the extent that easy syringability exists. It may be stable under the conditions of manufacture and storage and must be preserved against the contaminating action of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
- the carrier can be a solvent or dispersion medium containing, for example, water, ethanol, polyol (for. example, glycerol, propylene glycol, and liquid polyethylene glycol, and the like), suitable mixtures thereof, and vegetable oils.
- the proper fluidity can be maintained, for example, by the use of a coating such as lecithin, by the maintenance of the required particle size in the case of dispersion and by the use of surfactants.
- the prevention of the action of microorganisms can be brought about by various antibacterial and antifungal agents, for example, parabens, chlorobutanol, phenol, sorbic acid, thimerosal, and the like. In many cases, it will be preferable to include isotonic agents, for example, sugars or sodium chloride.
- Prolonged absorption of the injectable compositions can be brought about by the use in the compositions of agents delaying absorption, for example, aluminum monostearate and gelatin.
- Sterile injectable solutions are prepared by incorporating the active compound in the required amount in the appropriate solvent with various of the other ingredients enumerated above, as required, followed by filtered sterilization.
- dispersions are prepared by incorporating the various sterilized active ingredient into a sterile vehicle which contains the basic dispersion medium and the required other ingredients from those enumerated above.
- the preferred methods of preparation are vacuum drying and the freeze-drying techniques which yield a powder of the active ingredient plus any additional desired ingredient from previously sterile-filtered solutions thereof.
- hypoxic cells in tumors are generally resistant to radiation and chemotherapy and thus represent a population of cells that are very difficult to eradicate.
- Most mammaliam cells operate under conditions of oxygen excess and utilize oxidative metabolism.
- Hypoxic cells represent a reducing environment; if a prodrug could be designed that was activated by the reducing environment inside these cells, it would provide a mechanism to deliver a cytotoxic species specifically to the tumor cell and thus offer a potential therapeutic advantage.
- the compounds of the present invention are prodrugs that will liberate phosphoramide mustard (the cytotoxic metabolite derived from cyclophosphamide) when exposed to the reducing environment of the hypoxic cell.
- phosphoramide mustard the cytotoxic metabolite derived from cyclophosphamide
- the compounds of the present invention are non-cytotoxic under oxic conditions and highly cytotoxic in the presence of hypoxia.
- the anti-tumor activity has been conducted as follows:
- the In Vitro cytotoxic activity of representative compounds of the present invention were evalutated as follows:
- Cultured mouse L1210 and P388 sensitive cells were purchased from EG&G Mason Research Institute, Tumor Bank, Worchester, MA.
- Cultured cyclophosphamide resistant L1210 and P388 cells were obtained from Dr. Robert Struck of Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, Ala.
- the desired cells (2-3 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml) in exponential growth and suspended in 6.5 ml of Fischer's medium (Gibco Lab., Grand Island, N.Y.) were divided into six groups (1 control and 5 treated groups) containing an equal number of cells in 1 ml.
- hypoxic cell selectivity exhibited by compounds by the present invention was evaluated as follows:
- KHT/iv cells were adapted to cell culture from the mouse KHT sarcoma by Dietmar Siemann, University of Rochester. Cells were maintaimed in Eagle's basal medium and
- Eagle's medium contained in stirred gas-tight vials at a final density of 2 ⁇ 10 7 cells/ml; before cells or drugs were added, the vials were pre-equilibrated with humidified gas having the composition 95:5 air:CO 2 for aerobic treatment or 95:5 nitrogen:CO 2 from hypoxic treatment. Oxygen tension in the hypoxic medium was approximately 100 ppm after the equilibration period. Drug was dissolved a volume of ethanol that would give a final ethanol concentration of 1% in the medium; this concentration of ethanol had no effect on the plating efficiency of control cell preparations. Cells were incubated with drug under aerobic or hypoxic conditions at 37° for 4 hours.
- the cells were then removed from the vials, washed with drug-free medium, counted, and plated for cell survival using a standard clonogenic assay. Cell surviving fraction was plotted vs. drug concentration, and the LC 99 values were obtained from the least squares equation.
- compounds of the present invention exhibit a selectivity factor of at least three in KHT sarcoma and adenocarcinoma cell lines.
- compounds of the present invention are at least three times more toxic to these tumor lines under hypoxic conditions than to identical cells under normal oxic conditions.
- selectivity for tumor cell killing under oxygen deficient conditions has been demonstrated.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US19840888A | 1988-05-25 | 1988-05-25 | |
US198408 | 1988-05-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0418292A1 true EP0418292A1 (de) | 1991-03-27 |
EP0418292A4 EP0418292A4 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
Family
ID=22733260
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19890906634 Ceased EP0418292A4 (en) | 1988-05-25 | 1989-05-25 | Phosphoramides useful as antitumor agents |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0418292A4 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH04501253A (de) |
WO (1) | WO1989011484A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1251472B (it) * | 1991-09-12 | 1995-05-15 | Boehringer Mannheim Italia | Ossaazafosforine utili come agenti antitumorali, un processo per la loro preparazione e composizioni farmaceutiche che le contengono |
US5306727A (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 1994-04-26 | Research Corporation Technologies, Inc. | Phosphoramidates useful as antitumor agents |
US5659061A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1997-08-19 | Drug Innovation & Design, Inc. | Tumor protease activated prodrugs of phosphoramide mustard analogs with toxification and detoxification functionalities |
AU5935600A (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2001-01-30 | Richard F. Borch | Phosphoramide compounds |
GB0907551D0 (en) | 2009-05-01 | 2009-06-10 | Univ Dundee | Treatment or prophylaxis of proliferative conditions |
WO2019152955A1 (en) | 2018-02-02 | 2019-08-08 | Steven Albert Everett | Small molecule drug conjugates of gemcitabine monophosphate |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH372051A (de) * | 1957-07-24 | 1963-09-30 | Asta Werke Ag Chem Fab | Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer cytostatisch wirksamer Verbindungen |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4826830A (en) * | 1985-07-31 | 1989-05-02 | Jui Han | Topical application of glyciphosphoramide |
-
1989
- 1989-05-25 JP JP1506400A patent/JPH04501253A/ja active Pending
- 1989-05-25 EP EP19890906634 patent/EP0418292A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-05-25 WO PCT/US1989/002299 patent/WO1989011484A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH372051A (de) * | 1957-07-24 | 1963-09-30 | Asta Werke Ag Chem Fab | Verfahren zur Herstellung neuer cytostatisch wirksamer Verbindungen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of WO8911484A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH04501253A (ja) | 1992-03-05 |
EP0418292A4 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
WO1989011484A1 (en) | 1989-11-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US5190929A (en) | Cyclophosphamide analogs useful as anti-tumor agents | |
US5306727A (en) | Phosphoramidates useful as antitumor agents | |
US4565865A (en) | Phospholipid carbamates | |
US10709725B2 (en) | Gemcitabine ProTide hypoxia-activated prodrug and application thereof | |
US20050164989A1 (en) | Novel $g(a)-amino-n-(diaminophosphinyl) lactam derivative | |
JP2008502701A (ja) | ボリン酸錯体を含有する抗生物質および使用法 | |
EP0108565A2 (de) | Phospholipide, ihre Herstellung und ihre Verwendung | |
KR20050084378A (ko) | 보린산 착물을 함유하는 항생제 및 그 이용방법 | |
US20050171060A1 (en) | Phosphoramidates and methods therefor | |
EP0100363A1 (de) | Radioempfindliche verbindungen auf der basis von nitroimidazol und pharmazeutische zusammensetzungen daraus. | |
EP0061872B1 (de) | Äthylenglykolderivate, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung | |
US4908356A (en) | Aldophosphamide derivatives useful as antitumor agents | |
US20060089332A1 (en) | Phosphate-bearing prodrugs of sulfonyl hydrazines as hypoxia-selective antineoplastic agents | |
EP0164970B1 (de) | Pharmazeutische Antitumorverbindungen die Phosphinokohlenwasserstoff-Gold-, -Silber- oder -Kupferkomplexe enthalten | |
EP0418292A1 (de) | Phosphoramide zur verwendung als antitumormittel | |
KR20050053589A (ko) | 루테늄 항암 착체 | |
US5403932A (en) | Phosphoramidates useful as antitumor agents | |
US4544501A (en) | Bis(2,2-dimethyl-1-aziridinyl)phosphinic amides for use in the treatment of tumors | |
JP4331889B2 (ja) | 抗新生物剤として有用なn,n’−ビス(スルホニル)ヒドラジン類 | |
US4886790A (en) | Novel bis(2,2-dimethyl-1-aziridinyl) phosphinic amides for use in the treatment of tumors | |
EP0073155B1 (de) | Antitumorwirkende Verbindungen | |
Sood et al. | Synthesis, cytotoxicity, hypolipidemic and anti‐inflammatory activities of amine—boranes and esters of boron analogues of choline and thiocholine | |
US4308263A (en) | Phosphonoformic acid hydrazide compounds, their production and their medicinal use | |
US4617398A (en) | Phosphoaziridine compounds useful for treatment of tumors | |
CA2259478A1 (en) | New salts of anionic complexes of ru(iii), as antimetastatic and antineoplastic agents |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19901122 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: BORCH, RICHARD, F. Inventor name: VALENTE, RONALD, R. Inventor name: CANUTE, GREGORY, W. |
|
A4 | Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched |
Effective date: 19910808 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A4 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19931109 |
|
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: RESEARCH CORPORATION TECHNOLOGIES, INC. |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN REFUSED |
|
18R | Application refused |
Effective date: 19940916 |