EP0416640B1 - Méthode de fabrication d'un coupleur optique fusionné et coupleur ainsi fabriqué - Google Patents

Méthode de fabrication d'un coupleur optique fusionné et coupleur ainsi fabriqué Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0416640B1
EP0416640B1 EP90117241A EP90117241A EP0416640B1 EP 0416640 B1 EP0416640 B1 EP 0416640B1 EP 90117241 A EP90117241 A EP 90117241A EP 90117241 A EP90117241 A EP 90117241A EP 0416640 B1 EP0416640 B1 EP 0416640B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupler
fibres
polarization
fibers
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90117241A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0416640A2 (fr
EP0416640A3 (en
Inventor
Rolf Rossberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
Alcatel Lucent NV
Original Assignee
Alcatel SEL AG
Alcatel NV
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Application filed by Alcatel SEL AG, Alcatel NV filed Critical Alcatel SEL AG
Publication of EP0416640A2 publication Critical patent/EP0416640A2/fr
Publication of EP0416640A3 publication Critical patent/EP0416640A3/de
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Publication of EP0416640B1 publication Critical patent/EP0416640B1/fr
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/293—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means
    • G02B6/29331—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals with wavelength selective means operating by evanescent wave coupling
    • G02B6/29332—Wavelength selective couplers, i.e. based on evanescent coupling between light guides, e.g. fused fibre couplers with transverse coupling between fibres having different propagation constant wavelength dependency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
    • G02B6/2835—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals formed or shaped by thermal treatment, e.g. couplers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
    • G02B6/2843—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals the couplers having polarisation maintaining or holding properties

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing an optical fusion coupler according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such couplers are used in systems of optical communications technology.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for producing a polarization-selective optical fusion coupler with a short drawing length and a fusion coupler produced thereafter, which consists of non-birefringent single-mode fibers with matched cladding and which is easier and cheaper to manufacture than the comparable known fusion couplers.
  • This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
  • Advantageous method steps and designs of the fusion coupler can be found in the subclaims.
  • the solution found has the advantage, among other things, that the fusion area of the coupler has only a short pulling length. It is therefore handy and relatively insensitive to damage even before it is embedded in a protective housing. It is also easier to manufacture, which saves time and money. Further advantages are mentioned in the description.
  • the input fibers of the fusion coupler 1 to be produced are referred to as couplers 2 in the following. They are polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers, the ends of which end with a normal, non-birefringent one Single mode matched cladding type fibers are connected by splicing.
  • the splices are preferably connections which are produced in a known manner by integrally fusing the fiber ends.
  • the non-birefringent single-mode fibers form the output fibers 3, which at the same time represent the connecting fibers.
  • the pair of fibers is fixed in a pulling device (not shown) in such a way that the main optical axes of the polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers (input fibers 2) are parallel and perpendicular to the coupler axis, and the non-birefringent single-mode fibers (output fibers 3) are in an area that is one has a relatively short distance to the splice connections 4 lying parallel to one another, the fibers being unchanged in cross section. Subsequently, light is coupled into one of the input fibers 2 and detected at the end of both output fibers 3. The non-birefringent single-mode fibers are then fused together at the contact point 5 (FIG.
  • a drawing length of 10 mm to 15 mm is sufficient.
  • the drawing length is preferably approximately 11 mm to 13 mm. The drawing length is thus advantageously only slightly longer than that of wavelength-selective fusion couplers.
  • the coupler 1 (FIG. 4b), which is preferably manufactured with a medium degree of fusion, shows the wavelength dependence of a wavelength-selective fusion coupler for linearly polarized light (perpendicular or parallel to the coupler plane). There is a phase shift of 180 ° in the wavelength dependence of the two polarization directions.
  • the crosstalk attenuation between the two polarization directions (perpendicular and parallel to the coupler plane) is approximately 19 dB to 25 dB in a relatively large usable wavelength range, while the degree of polarization in the outgoing fibers (output fibers 3) is also very high and Absorbance values of approx. 25 dB to 30 dB reached.
  • This coupler 1 with non-birefringent single-mode fibers thus combines the properties of two couplers, as have been proposed in DE-OS 37 16 247.0 by K. Pedestrian for a transmission system with wavelength and polarization multiplex.
  • the wavelength spacing of adjacent channels in the coupler 1 is approximately 50 nm. At the 3dB point, where there is the same amount of light in both channels, the coupler 1 shows no polarization selectivity. 25 nm further, at larger or smaller wavelength, there is maximum polarization selectivity. This is used to optimize the polarization-selective coupler 1. If the coupler 1 is required, for example, at a wavelength of 1530 nm, then linearly polarized light of the wavelength 1505 nm is coupled into an input fiber 2. The melting process is initiated by the application of heat. During the fusion process, the light couples over to the other fiber during the drawing, then back again, etc., the light coupling less and less completely with increasing drawing length.
  • the pulling process is stopped when the mutual coupling stagnates and thus the same amount of light is present in both channels.
  • the light and heat sources are switched off, the coupler 1 with the connecting fibers is removed from the pulling device and then fastened mechanically protected in a housing. This is preferably done in such a way that the fibers leading from the fusion region 6 to a connecting fiber, including the splice connections 4, lie without curvature in the coupler housing and are fixed therein. In this way, the connection fibers (input / output fibers 2, 3) are kept strain relieved.
  • the polarization-selective coupler 1 thus produced has very good properties. In addition to a relatively short overall length, it is characterized by very low insertion losses, which are less than 0.5 dB. It can be used to couple two lasers of the same wavelength to one fiber ("laser redundancy", e.g. for underwater amplifiers). For this purpose, the polarized light of one laser is coupled in parallel, that of the other perpendicular to the coupler plane. In this case, the laser light is combined in the coupler onto a standard single-mode fiber. To ensure this, the polarization-maintaining fibers (input fibers 2) are used between the laser and the coupler 1. Otherwise there would be fluctuations in intensity which would lead to noise (“polarization noise"). The division of the incoming laser light into mutually perpendicular components allows the coupler to be used for polarization diversity reception.
  • laser redundancy e.g. for underwater amplifiers
  • both the wavelength and the polarization are divided in the coupler 1, as a result of which a high far-end crosstalk attenuation is ensured.

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un coupleur de fusion (1) optique sélectif en matière de polarisation ayant plusieurs fibres d'entrée (2) et des fibres de sortie (3) qui, dans la zone de couplage, se compose de deux fibres monomodes parallèles non biréfringentes à gaines appariées qui sous l'effet de la chaleur fusionnent ensemble et dont la zone de fusion résultante (6) est étirée dans le sens axial jusqu'à coupure de la source de chaleur, caractérisé en ce que les fibres d'entrée (2) composées de fibres entretenant la polarisation sont d'abord épissées avec des fibres de sortie (3) composées de fibres monomodes non biréfringentes à gaines appariées, en ce qu'une lumière polarisée de manière linéaire d'une longueur d'onde choisie est ensuite introduite dans une des fibres d'entrée (2) et détectée aux extrémités des deux fibres de sortie (3), en ce que les fibres de sortie (3) fusionnent ensemble et en ce que le coupleur (1) est étiré jusqu'à ce que le surcouplage réciproque entre les deux fibres de sortie (3) stagne et que la source de chaleur soit coupée.
  2. Coupleur de fusion optique sélectif en matière de polarisation fabriqué selon le procédé de la revendication 1 ayant plusieurs fibres d'entrée entretenant la polarisation et des fibres de sortie sous forme de fibres monomodes non biréfringentes à gaines appariées épissées ensemble, dans lequel les fibres de sortie sont parallèles dans la zone de couplage, fusionnent ensemble et sont étirées et dans lequel la longueur de la zone de fusion est de 10 à 15 mm.
  3. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel les fibres monomodes entretenant la polarisation (fibres d'entrée 2) comportent des axes optiques principaux parallèles et perpendiculaires à la zone de couplage.
  4. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel les fibres menant de la zone de fusion (6) à une des fibres d'entrée ou de sortie (2, 3) sont placées bien à plat dans le boîtier du coupleur et sont fixées en même temps que les points d'épissure (4) dans le boîtier du coupleur.
  5. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel le coupleur est sélectif en matière de polarisation pour une lumière d'une certaine gamme d'ondes.
  6. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel le coupleur est sélectif en matière de longueur d'onde pour une lumière présentant un sens de polarisation parallèle ou perpendiculaire à la zone de couplage.
  7. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel le coupleur présente pratiquement la même dépendance vis-à-vis de la longueur d'onde pour une lumière présentant un sens de polarisation parallèle et pour une lumière présentant un sens de polarisation perpendiculaire à la zone de couplage et dans lequel un décalage de phase de 180 °C existe entre les deux sens de polarisation.
  8. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 dans lequel le coupleur sélectionne la polarisation et la longueur d'onde pour deux longueurs d'onde différentes.
  9. Coupleur selon la revendication 2 à 8 dans lequel les fibres monomodes (fibres de sortie 3) présentent dans la zone de fusion (6) un degré moyen de fusion des surfaces latérales n'ayant qu'un faible rétrécissement.
EP90117241A 1989-09-08 1990-09-07 Méthode de fabrication d'un coupleur optique fusionné et coupleur ainsi fabriqué Expired - Lifetime EP0416640B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3930035 1989-09-08
DE3930035A DE3930035A1 (de) 1989-09-08 1989-09-08 Verfahren zur herstellung eines optischen verschmelzkopplers und danach hergestellter koppler

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0416640A2 EP0416640A2 (fr) 1991-03-13
EP0416640A3 EP0416640A3 (en) 1992-01-22
EP0416640B1 true EP0416640B1 (fr) 1996-11-27

Family

ID=6389005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117241A Expired - Lifetime EP0416640B1 (fr) 1989-09-08 1990-09-07 Méthode de fabrication d'un coupleur optique fusionné et coupleur ainsi fabriqué

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5064267A (fr)
EP (1) EP0416640B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03100604A (fr)
AT (1) ATE145636T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU632359B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3930035A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0416640T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2097123T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3930029A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-21 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Verfahren zum herstellen eines optischen verschmelzkopplers
DE4109982A1 (de) * 1991-03-27 1992-10-01 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines optischen verschmelzkopplers
US6701046B1 (en) * 1999-09-30 2004-03-02 Corning O.T.I. Spa Method for producing an optical coupler for extracting a signal from a polarization maintaining optical fiber, and corresponding coupler
CA2289962C (fr) * 1999-11-17 2006-01-17 Itf Optical Technologies Inc.-Technologies Optiques Itf Inc. Fabrication de photocoupleurs de fibres monomodes de multiplexage et de demultiplexage
KR100358418B1 (ko) * 2000-02-28 2002-10-25 한국과학기술원 용융형 모드분할 방향성 결합기의 제조방법
US6813414B1 (en) * 2000-07-17 2004-11-02 Finisar Corporation Fiber optical pigtail geometry for improved extinction ratio of polarization maintaining fibers
CA2354903C (fr) 2001-08-08 2008-10-14 Itf Technologies Optiques Inc./Itf Optical Technologies Inc. Coupleur optique de fibres etirees a combinaison de polarisations et methode de fabrication connexe
CA2465602C (fr) * 2003-09-29 2009-09-22 Accelink Technologies Co., Ltd. Diviseur de puissance optique independant de la polarisation permettant d'effectuer une division variable
JP2008076685A (ja) * 2006-09-20 2008-04-03 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology 端面近接多芯光ファイバーおよびその製造方法
DE102012110203A1 (de) * 2012-10-25 2014-04-30 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines optischen Kabels mit mehreren Glasfasersträngen
CN104749988B (zh) 2013-12-26 2017-12-05 同方威视技术股份有限公司 用于物体检测的光电开关

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0246737A2 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-25 Nortel Networks Corporation Coupleur directif

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4360248A (en) * 1979-04-18 1982-11-23 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Multiport optical communication system and optical star structure therefor
US4737005A (en) * 1982-12-17 1988-04-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Method for eliminating birefringence in a fiber optic coupler and a coupler polarization corrector
USRE33296E (en) * 1983-05-26 1990-08-14 Gould Inc. Method of making a polarization-insensitive, evanescent-wave, fused coupler with minimal environmental sensitivity
US4743497A (en) * 1985-08-08 1988-05-10 Phillips Petroleum Company Laminated puncture sealing composite and preparation thereof
US4834481A (en) * 1985-11-12 1989-05-30 Gould Inc. In-line single-mode fiber optic multiplexer/demultiplexer
JPS63175812A (ja) * 1987-01-17 1988-07-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> 光フアイバカツプラ作製方法
DE3716247C2 (de) * 1987-05-15 1994-04-28 Sel Alcatel Ag Optisches Nachrichtenübertragungssystem mit Wellenlängen- und Polarisations-Multiplex
US4906068A (en) * 1988-09-01 1990-03-06 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Polarization-maintaining optical fibers for coupler fabrication
US4932740A (en) * 1989-06-05 1990-06-12 Corning Incorporated Method of making polarization retaining optical fiber coupler
DE3930029A1 (de) * 1989-09-08 1991-03-21 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Verfahren zum herstellen eines optischen verschmelzkopplers

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0246737A2 (fr) * 1986-05-23 1987-11-25 Nortel Networks Corporation Coupleur directif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0416640A2 (fr) 1991-03-13
US5064267A (en) 1991-11-12
ES2097123T3 (es) 1997-04-01
AU6203190A (en) 1991-03-14
DE3930035A1 (de) 1991-03-21
DK0416640T3 (da) 1997-04-28
AU632359B2 (en) 1992-12-24
EP0416640A3 (en) 1992-01-22
ATE145636T1 (de) 1996-12-15
DE59010579D1 (de) 1997-01-09
JPH03100604A (ja) 1991-04-25

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