EP0413147A2 - Bougie-crayon à incandescence - Google Patents

Bougie-crayon à incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0413147A2
EP0413147A2 EP19900113535 EP90113535A EP0413147A2 EP 0413147 A2 EP0413147 A2 EP 0413147A2 EP 19900113535 EP19900113535 EP 19900113535 EP 90113535 A EP90113535 A EP 90113535A EP 0413147 A2 EP0413147 A2 EP 0413147A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow plug
combustion chamber
heating coil
coil
guide pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19900113535
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0413147B1 (fr
EP0413147A3 (en
Inventor
Johannes Locher
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Kaczynski
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Teschner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0413147A2 publication Critical patent/EP0413147A2/fr
Publication of EP0413147A3 publication Critical patent/EP0413147A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0413147B1 publication Critical patent/EP0413147B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of a diesel engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • German Patent No. 28 02 625 are used to improve the cold start behavior and the cold running properties of diesel engines. Some of the injected fuel evaporates on the hot glow plug surface and ignites. The heat released contributes to the initiation of the combustion process.
  • a glow plug consists of a heater connected to a candle housing and designed as a glow plug, inside of which a 2-material resistance coil embedded in an insulating powder is arranged.
  • this resistance coil consists of a front heating coil on the combustion chamber side with constant resistance and a control coil connected in series with a high positive resistance-temperature coefficient (PTC) for temperature control or temperature limitation of the heating coil.
  • PTC positive resistance-temperature coefficient
  • the connection-side end of the control coil is connected to a connection bolt which is passed through the candle housing and is used for power supply.
  • the end of the heating coil on the combustion chamber side is welded to the tip of the glow tube.
  • the heating coil has the task of heating the glow tube tip as quickly as possible, a glow plug temperature of approximately 850 to 900 ° C.
  • the variable resistance of the control coil increases with increasing temperature, so that a current limitation for the heating coil occurs.
  • the insulating powder arranged in the glow tube generally magnesium oxide, serves as a good heat conductor to transfer the heat from the heating coil to the glow tube, but also as an electrical insulator between the individual turns of the resistance coils and between the resistance coils and the glow tube.
  • the heating and control filaments are each wound in a separate operation and then usually welded at their connection point by laser beam.
  • This two-component filament is then slid onto a centering piece on the connecting bolt and the upper connecting lug is hot caulked or welded in a notch.
  • the connecting bolt with the filament attached to it is then inserted into the glow tube and the front end of the heating filament on the combustion chamber side is welded to the tip of the glow tube.
  • the 2-component filament apart the filaments are stretched to a certain extent and then the glow tube is filled with ceramic insulating powder.
  • the connection-side end of the glow tube is then closed with an insulating and sealing ring.
  • the diameter of the glow plug is reduced by means of a hammering process in a hammering machine, the outer diameter of the glow tube being reduced, for example, from 7.5 to 6 mm.
  • This reduction in diameter likewise results in the linear expansion of the glow tube and thus also of the coils; the diameter of the spiral wire is increased due to the hammering process, which leads to a reduction of the electrical resistance of the resistance wire leads.
  • a glow plug is known from US Pat. No. 4,476,378, in which the heating and regulating coils are applied to a ceramic guide pin in order to fix them in their position.
  • the use of this guide pin also serves in particular to facilitate assembly, i.e. H. the introduction of the 2-component filament into the glow tube.
  • an intermediate part is provided between the heating coil and the control coil, which reduces the heat transfer from the heating coil to the control coil, so that the control coil is heated only after a delay and thus increases its resistance, which regulates the heating output of the heating coil.
  • the glow plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage over the known arrangement that the guide pin, which extends from the connecting bolt to at least the area of the heating coil, serves as a connector up to the process of hammering or reducing the diameter of the glow plug, but with this Process is then separated from the connecting bolt by means of a predetermined breaking point.
  • the heating filament can also be supported on the guide pin without any problems and, after the separation at the predetermined breaking point, the entire 2-filament filament can follow the linear expansion of the glow plug without hindrance.
  • the guide pin can hereby also be made of metal, since the electrical connection is separated by the predetermined breaking point.
  • the control coil is therefore attached to the connection bolt in its connection-side area and is held by means of the guide pin up to the heating coil, which is also attached to the end of the guide pin.
  • the 2-component coil can be preassembled very precisely and the stretching process of the heating coil can be carried out exactly, ie it maintains the desired position during the entire manufacturing process up to the hammering process.
  • the guide pin is only separated at the predetermined breaking point during the hammering or reducing process, so that the direct electrical connection between the connecting bolt and the heating coil is interrupted.
  • the separation by means of a predetermined breaking point has the advantage that an unimpeded linear expansion of the 2-component helix fastened or articulated on the guide pin can take place during the hammering process or reducing process.
  • the development is particularly advantageous in that a cylindrical intermediate piece is provided on the combustion chamber end of the guide pin, to which the connection end of the heating coil is attached.
  • This attachment is advantageously carried out by means of a screw-on thread, and in a further development of the invention the control coil can also be screwed onto the intermediate piece with its end on the combustion chamber side.
  • This screwing process allows the number of turns screwed on to be varied, which leads to the resistance being adjustable. In this way, after the stretching process has been carried out, the 2-component helix can be precisely measured by subsequently changing the screwed-on turns to change the resistance.
  • an intermediate piece made of metal at the free end of the guide pin has the further advantage that a separate welded connection between the two ends of the heating coil and control coil can be omitted. Possibly. if one or both coils are also welded to the intermediate piece or the control coil to the connecting bolts.
  • the intermediate piece can also be made of a material with low thermal conductivity be produced in order to reduce the temperature influence of the heating coil on the control coil in the transition area between the heating coil and control coil.
  • the electrical connection between the heating coil and control coil is maintained.
  • the heating coil is also guided in its entire length range, which can be done by appropriately designing the intermediate piece. In order to avoid a short circuit between the turns, but nevertheless to enable the heating coil to be wound directly onto such an extended intermediate piece, this must consist of insulating ceramic material. But it can also be used on a metal guide pin, a heating coil made of a so-called sheathed heat conductor, which has an insulated sheath around the resistance wire.
  • the predetermined breaking point of the guide pin is expediently arranged shortly before the intermediate piece between the heating coil and control coil.
  • the intermediate piece with its larger outer diameter is separated from the guide pin adjoining on the connection side, so that even a slight tilting or twisting of the intermediate piece as a result of the hammering process cannot lead to a short circuit with the guide pin.
  • the glow plug 1 shown in Fig. 1 consists of an indicated candle housing 2 and a glow plug 3 fixedly and gas-tightly fastened therein 6, in particular magnesium oxide, is embedded.
  • the insulating powder 6 has a high thermal conductivity and good electrical insulation.
  • the 2-component filament 5 consists of a heating filament 7 on the combustion chamber with an essentially constant resistance and a regulating filament 8 connected in series therewith.
  • the regulating filament 8 has a high positive resistance-temperature coefficient in a known manner for temperature control or temperature limitation ( PTC).
  • the control coil 8 is connected on the connection side to a connecting pin 9 for the power supply.
  • the heating coil 7 is connected at its combustion chamber end 10 to the glow tube 4 via a welded connection 11.
  • a guide pin 12 is provided according to the invention, which as a connecting piece between the connecting bolt 9 and an intermediate piece 13 arranged at the end of the guide pin is used.
  • the connecting pin 9 with the attached guide pin 12 and the adjoining intermediate piece 13 forms a structural unit, which is made entirely of metal in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the connection-side end of the guide pin 12 is connected at the combustion chamber-side end of the connection bolt 9 to a section 14 which carries an indicated thread 15;
  • the control coil 8 can be screwed onto this thread 15 with its connection-side end section (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • section 14 can also be provided with an annular groove 16, in which end 17 of control coil 8 can engage in a form-fitting manner.
  • end of the control coil can also be welded, caulked or otherwise connected to this section 14.
  • the intermediate piece 13 consists of an upper section 18, which forms the counterpart to section 14, is constructed approximately the same and has the same function.
  • a thread 19 is also provided for screwing on the end of the control coil 8 on the combustion chamber side. 2, this threaded section 18 is not provided; the connection between control coil 8 and heating coil 7 takes place instead at the indicated connection point 20 by means of welding.
  • the intermediate piece 13 shown in FIG. 1 has in its central region a collar 21 which serves as a separation point between the control coil 8 lying above and the heating coil 7 lying below it.
  • this collar can consist of one Material with very low thermal conductivity exist to form a heat sink between the heating coil and control coil. However, it must be ensured that there is an electrical connection between control coil 8 and heating coil 7. If the intermediate piece 13 is made entirely of metal, the electrical connection is established in this way alone.
  • the intermediate piece 13 has a further section 22, onto which the connection end of the heating coil 7 can be screwed.
  • the heating coil 7 and the control coil 8 can be reduced in their outer diameter at their respective ends to be screwed onto the threaded sections 14, 18, 22 in order to obtain a defined counterpart to the screw-on thread. This reduced screwing-on end of the heating coil on the threaded section 22 is shown in FIG. 2 with reference number 23.
  • the threaded portions 14, 18, 22 in Fig. 1 serve on the one hand for easy connection of the control coil or heating coil with the corresponding connections and also have the task of achieving a variable connection length. The further you screw the ends of the heating coil or control coil onto the threaded connections, the shorter the remaining length of the respective coil. This allows the total resistance of the two coils to be varied and adjusted.
  • FIG. 2 The arrangement shown in Fig. 2 with connecting pin 9, connecting pin 12 and intermediate piece 13 can be used to fix the heating coil 7 and control coil 8 indicated in this figure in a separate assembly process, the position of the coils being clearly fixed, which is what the later Montage in that Glow tube made significantly easier.
  • the dimensions of this arrangement are shown separately at the end of the description as an exemplary embodiment.
  • the guide pin 12 has a predetermined breaking point 24, which is produced by constricting the guide pin to a smaller diameter.
  • This predetermined breaking point 24 breaks during the subsequent reduction of the diameter of the glow plug in the so-called reducing process or hammering process of the glow tube.
  • the 2-component filament is precisely embedded in the glow tube in the ceramic insulating powder 6 and thus precisely fixed in its position.
  • the opening of the predetermined breaking point 24 then causes an electrical separation of the upper region 25 from the lower region 26 of the guide pin 12.
  • the heating coil is thus electrically connected to the control coil only via the welding connection point 20 (FIG. 2) or via the metal intermediate piece 13 ( Fig. 1) connected.
  • the guide pin 12 ' made of metal or a ceramic material, for. B. Magnesium oxide.
  • the lower intermediate piece 13 ' consists of ceramic material, ie a material with low thermal conductivity and high electrical insulation capacity.
  • the connection-side end 27 of the guide pin 12 ' is fixed in the ceramic version in a bore 28 of the connecting bolt 9 by an adhesive or the like.
  • the connection to the connecting pin 9 can be made by a press fit in the bore 28, welding, caulking or the like; Connecting bolt 9 and guide pin 12 'can also be made in one piece.
  • the control coil 8 can also be screwed onto a threaded section 14 in order to obtain a variation in the coil resistance by changing the screwing depth.
  • the intermediate piece 13 'made of ceramic material serves in its connection-side end area 29 for receiving the combustion-chamber end of the control coil 8 and its combustion-chamber end area 30 for fastening the connection-side end of the heating coil 7. Since the intermediate piece 13' is electrically non-conductive, the two ends of control coil and heating coil are connected to one another via a weld 31.
  • the control coil 8 and the heating coil 7 are tightly wound on the intermediate piece 13 'and possibly glued on, but can also have some play with the intermediate piece 13'.
  • the intermediate piece 13 'can also have a type of thread shape for receiving the two coil ends. Because of its low thermal conductivity, it serves as a heat sink between the heating coil and control coil, ie. H. The heat transfer is greatly reduced in this area, so that the control coil desirably responds to the heating process of the heating coil only late. Nevertheless, the intermediate piece 13 'can perform the task of accurate guidance, as described in the embodiment of FIG. 1. In this case, however, the predetermined breaking point 24 at the combustion chamber end of the guide pin 12 is not as important as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, since an electrical connection through this guide pin or the intermediate piece 13 'is not made. Nevertheless, the predetermined breaking point is advantageous because the length of the heating coil with the control coil can continue unimpeded when the diameter of the glow plug is reduced.
  • the intermediate piece 13 could in principle be the same as the embodiment of FIG. 3, with the additional feature that the intermediate piece 13 'as a guide pin 32 with a conical cone 33 to the tip of the glow plug 3rd continues in the glow tube 4.
  • This guide pin must then also be made of ceramic material, ie electrically non-conductive, in order to avoid a short circuit between the turns of the heating coil 7. However, it serves as a guide for the heating coil as a whole, with more precise ironing of the heating coil being able to be maintained during the ironing process.
  • the ceramic guide pin 32 is connected in its connection-side end to the intermediate piece 13 or 13 ', this intermediate piece can be both metallic and ceramic and also - as described above - has a threaded portion 18 for the combustion chamber-side end of the control coil 8 .
  • the intermediate piece 13 ' can, however, as described in Fig. 3, consist entirely of ceramic material.
  • the guide pin 12, 12 'in a metallic or ceramic embodiment - as described - is formed.
  • the with the guide pin 12, 12 'connected connecting pin 9 in turn has a threaded portion 14 for the connection-side end of the control coil 8.
  • the control coil 8 and the heating coil 7 are connected via a weld 31.
  • the invention is not restricted to the exemplary embodiment shown and described. Rather, it also encompasses all professional training courses without their own inventive content.
  • a variation of the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is conceivable, ie the attachment of the heating coil and control coil to the respective intermediate piece 13, 13 'or the control coil on the connecting bolt 9 can be in the form of a threaded section or in the form of a weld.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
EP90113535A 1989-08-18 1990-07-14 Bougie-crayon à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0413147B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3927241A DE3927241A1 (de) 1989-08-18 1989-08-18 Gluehstiftkerze
DE3927241 1989-08-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0413147A2 true EP0413147A2 (fr) 1991-02-20
EP0413147A3 EP0413147A3 (en) 1991-07-03
EP0413147B1 EP0413147B1 (fr) 1994-10-12

Family

ID=6387335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90113535A Expired - Lifetime EP0413147B1 (fr) 1989-08-18 1990-07-14 Bougie-crayon à incandescence

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0413147B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0391614A (fr)
BR (1) BR9004071A (fr)
DE (2) DE3927241A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2063208T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5251589A (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-10-12 Wellman Automotive Products, Inc. Hot tip glow plug and method for making
EP1030111A1 (fr) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Beru AG Bougie à tige incandescente
DE10112781B4 (de) * 2000-03-17 2010-01-07 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Glühkerze
EP2905536A1 (fr) * 2014-02-11 2015-08-12 SIEVA d.o.o., PE Spodnja Idrija Bielle de chauffage comprenant une tige isolante interne avec une pointe concave, bougie de préchauffage comprenant cette dernière
EP2116772A4 (fr) * 2007-03-08 2017-11-22 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3565101B2 (ja) 1999-08-11 2004-09-15 セイコーエプソン株式会社 サイドライト型面光源装置およびその製造方法、電気光学装置ならびに電子機器
US6991349B2 (en) 2002-12-30 2006-01-31 Chunghwa Picture Tubes, Ltd. Fixing apparatus for light source conductive wire of backlight module
JP6058380B2 (ja) * 2012-12-21 2017-01-11 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ
JP6426346B2 (ja) * 2014-01-16 2018-11-21 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグ

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2490888A1 (fr) * 1980-09-20 1982-03-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie d'allumage a pointe incandescente pour moteurs a combustion interne

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2490888A1 (fr) * 1980-09-20 1982-03-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie d'allumage a pointe incandescente pour moteurs a combustion interne

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5251589A (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-10-12 Wellman Automotive Products, Inc. Hot tip glow plug and method for making
EP1030111A1 (fr) * 1999-02-19 2000-08-23 Beru AG Bougie à tige incandescente
DE10112781B4 (de) * 2000-03-17 2010-01-07 DENSO CORPORATION, Kariya-shi Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Glühkerze
EP2116772A4 (fr) * 2007-03-08 2017-11-22 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage et son procédé de fabrication
EP2905536A1 (fr) * 2014-02-11 2015-08-12 SIEVA d.o.o., PE Spodnja Idrija Bielle de chauffage comprenant une tige isolante interne avec une pointe concave, bougie de préchauffage comprenant cette dernière

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2063208T3 (es) 1995-01-01
EP0413147B1 (fr) 1994-10-12
DE59007434D1 (de) 1994-11-17
JPH0391614A (ja) 1991-04-17
DE3927241A1 (de) 1991-02-21
BR9004071A (pt) 1991-09-03
EP0413147A3 (en) 1991-07-03

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