EP0337216B1 - Bougie à incandescence pour chambre de combustion d'un moteur à compression d'air - Google Patents

Bougie à incandescence pour chambre de combustion d'un moteur à compression d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0337216B1
EP0337216B1 EP89105742A EP89105742A EP0337216B1 EP 0337216 B1 EP0337216 B1 EP 0337216B1 EP 89105742 A EP89105742 A EP 89105742A EP 89105742 A EP89105742 A EP 89105742A EP 0337216 B1 EP0337216 B1 EP 0337216B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
base
heating element
glow plug
plug according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89105742A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0337216A2 (fr
EP0337216A3 (en
Inventor
Guglielmo Agradi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0337216A2 publication Critical patent/EP0337216A2/fr
Publication of EP0337216A3 publication Critical patent/EP0337216A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0337216B1 publication Critical patent/EP0337216B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of an air-compressing internal combustion engine.
  • a glow plug has become known in which the entire resistance element consists of a material with a strongly positive resistance coefficient. Due to the closer winding of the filament in the front, thinner-walled section of the glow plug, more heat is concentrated there, while a lower, further wound part lies in a thick-walled section.
  • the entire resistance element can also be made of strip material, and the heat capacity in the area near the housing should be increased by varying the wall thickness of the glow plug.
  • both the front actual heating element and the rear part consist of PTC material. Both change their resistance behavior with temperature, so that the heating current is reduced overall.
  • GB-A-2 106 181 describes a glow plug which has a sleeve which is open at its end and in which a tapered metal pin is arranged. Its outer surface is enamelled in an insulating manner, and a band of resistance material is wound on it, namely in the cylindrical area in a helical shape and in the front, conical area in the form of a partially pulled-apart spiral in which the individual strips of flat material overlap strongly.
  • a glow plug is known from DE-A-27 46 496.
  • a section of the electrical resistance element facing the bottom of the glow element consists of a spiral made of flat material in the manner of a tightly wound clock spring, which is wound on a bolt and is provided with an intermediate, band-shaped insulation. This creates a self-heating solid cylinder, which has only a small outer surface and in which it is particularly difficult to remove heat from the center.
  • a lead section for the resistance heating element consists of a material with a high positive resistance temperature coefficient (PTC) in order to support rapid heating with subsequent limitation of the heating current.
  • PTC positive resistance temperature coefficient
  • German Patent 28 02 625 The same design with helical heating wires is described in German Patent 28 02 625.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a glow plug of the type mentioned, which enables even shorter heating times.
  • the resistance element turns one of its large surfaces to the outside, which thus conducts the heat directly through the interposed investment to the outer surface of the glow element can give up.
  • the entire length of the resistance heating element is used largely uniformly for heat dissipation and the central regions are not disadvantaged.
  • conical design of the resistance element which thus has a spiral or spiral shape, it can be easily adapted to the circumstances.
  • the part of the resistance element facing the base can be attached to it directly by welding, so that the glow element forms the return conductor. It is also possible to vary the width of the flat material strip over the length of the resistance heating element in order to do so adapt to the conditions due to the different conductor cross sections in the annealing temperature, for example in order to be able to heat areas with higher heat dissipation more. Between the extent of the largest cross-sectional dimension in the axial direction or transversely to this, any intermediate positions are also possible in which the flat material assumes an angle to the axis. In this case, for example, a helix or spiral with conically rising or falling winding flanks would arise.
  • FIG. 1 shows a glow plug 11 with a plug housing 12 which can be screwed into the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, for example a diesel engine, by means of a thread 13 via hexagon wrench surfaces 14.
  • the candle housing and the connection (not shown) to an electrical feed line can be designed in the usual way.
  • a sleeve-shaped glow element 15 projects into the combustion chamber and is closed at its free end by, for example, a spherical base 16. In it there is an electrical one in an electrically insulating, highly heat-resistant investment compound 17 Resistance element 18 with which the glow element is heated.
  • the resistance element 18 consists of two sections, namely a wire resistance element 19, which consists of a round wire wound in the form of a cylindrical helix and forms the section of the resistance element 18 facing the plug housing 12. With a welded connection 22, a flat material resistance element 20 is connected directly to it, which consists of a band of resistance material which has the shape of a conically pulled-apart spiral. The largest cross-sectional dimensions a lie in the direction of the axis 24 of the resistance element and the glow plug. The part of the flat material resistance element 20 facing the base 16 is welded directly to the base, which forms the return conductor.
  • the individual turns of the conical spiral are so far apart in the embodiment that they hardly overlap. If they are so far apart that there is a longitudinal distance between adjacent turns to create an insulating distance, the flat material resistance element could also be formed in the form of a cylindrical coil. In the example, the flat material resistance element 20 tapers from the helical diameter of the wire resistance element to a very small diameter in the area of the bottom connection 23 and thus adapts well to the likewise tapering shape of the glow element.
  • the resistance element section facing the candle housing consists of a material with a high positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC).
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment in which the flat material resistance heating element is also made from a band, but which has its larger cross-sectional dimensions a transverse to the axis 24.
  • This is also wound in the form of a conical or arcuately rounded spiral / helical body, which can also be easily adapted to the final shape of the glow element.
  • the arrangement of the strips with a surface extension extending transversely to the axis is advantageous because this results in a preferred heat emission at the end of the glow element.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Bougie à incandescence pour chambre de combustion d'un moteur à combustion interne à compression d'air comportant un corps de bougie (12) et un élément incandescent (15) en forme de douille dont l'épaisseur des parois est essentiellement uniforme, qui présente à son extrémité libre un fond (16) et dans lequel sont disposés dans une masse isolante (17) :
    - un élément chauffant (20) tourné vers le fond (16), constitué d'une bande de matériau résistif et ayant la forme d'une spirale ou d'une hélice en matériau plat qui est étirée dans la direction longitudinale de l'élément incandescent (15),
    - un élément de résistance (19) en fil rond tourné vers le corps de la bougie (12), mis en circuit en amont de l'élément chauffant (20) et relié à celui-ci, qui se compose d'un matériau ayant un coefficient de température de résistance positif (PTC) élevé.
  2. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le diamètre de l'élément chauffant (20) se réduit sur une partie de sa longueur vers le fond (16) de l'élément incandescent (15).
  3. Bougie à incandescence selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que l'élément chauffant (20) est relié au fond (16) par l'une de ses bornes (23), de préférence soudé au fond (16) dans la zone de son diamètre plus réduit, sachant notamment qu'une partie voisine du fond (16) est réalisée de manière conique.
  4. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'élément chauffant (20) présente des dimensions de section transversale (a) supérieures transversalement par rapport à son axe (24).
  5. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le matériau plat présente une section transversale dont les dimensions en longueur dans la direction longitudinale de l'élément incandescent (15) sont supérieures, de préférence plus de trois fois supérieures à celles en épaisseur.
  6. Bougie à incandescence selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la largeur de la bande de matériau plat qui compose l'élément chauffant (20) varie sur la longueur de l'élément de résistance.
EP89105742A 1988-04-12 1989-04-01 Bougie à incandescence pour chambre de combustion d'un moteur à compression d'air Expired - Lifetime EP0337216B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3812138A DE3812138A1 (de) 1988-04-12 1988-04-12 Gluehkerze zur anordnung im brennraum einer luftverdichtenden brennkraftmaschine
DE3812138 1988-04-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0337216A2 EP0337216A2 (fr) 1989-10-18
EP0337216A3 EP0337216A3 (en) 1990-02-28
EP0337216B1 true EP0337216B1 (fr) 1994-02-16

Family

ID=6351809

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89105742A Expired - Lifetime EP0337216B1 (fr) 1988-04-12 1989-04-01 Bougie à incandescence pour chambre de combustion d'un moteur à compression d'air

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0337216B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3812138A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3163171B1 (fr) * 2015-10-30 2018-12-12 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Bougie de préchauffage

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1240855A (fr) * 1958-12-04 1960-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Bougie de préchauffage pour moteur à combustion interne
FR2398969A1 (fr) * 1977-07-29 1979-02-23 Eyquem Bougie de chauffe pour demarrage de moteurs a allumage par compression
DE2746496A1 (de) * 1977-10-15 1979-04-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gluehstiftkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen
DE2802625C3 (de) * 1978-01-21 1985-07-18 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Glühkerze
GB2106181B (en) * 1981-09-23 1984-08-08 Lucas Ind Plc Starting aids for internal combustion engines
US4466391A (en) * 1981-09-23 1984-08-21 Lucas Industries Public Limited Company Starting aids for internal combustion engines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0337216A2 (fr) 1989-10-18
DE3812138A1 (de) 1989-10-26
EP0337216A3 (en) 1990-02-28
DE58906960D1 (de) 1994-03-24

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