EP0523062B1 - Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pour moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pour moteurs a combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0523062B1
EP0523062B1 EP91904691A EP91904691A EP0523062B1 EP 0523062 B1 EP0523062 B1 EP 0523062B1 EP 91904691 A EP91904691 A EP 91904691A EP 91904691 A EP91904691 A EP 91904691A EP 0523062 B1 EP0523062 B1 EP 0523062B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistance
glow plug
combustion chamber
coil
sheathed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91904691A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0523062A1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Locher
Friedrich MÜHLEDER
Bernhard Kaczynski
Werner Teschner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6403531&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0523062(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0523062A1 publication Critical patent/EP0523062A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0523062B1 publication Critical patent/EP0523062B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow plug for arrangement in the combustion chamber of air-compressing internal combustion engines according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a glow plug which in principle has the same structure and the same function as the glow plug according to the above-mentioned DE-C-28 02 625, but for the control element a cobalt-iron alloy or Nickel-iron alloy used, the iron content of which is 20 to 35 percent by weight.
  • These two alloys mentioned above have a body-centered cubic structure at room temperature, while they heat up to a face-centered cubic structure when heated in the range between room temperature and 1000 ° C. It has been shown that these latter glow plugs have only a relatively short service life due to the disruption of the control element material, lead to undesired operational malfunctions and also cause costs for the elimination of the malfunction.
  • the glow plug according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the control element of the resistance element is not disrupted after a relatively short period of operation and the resulting malfunctions and costs are avoided.
  • control element of the resistance element consists of a cobalt-iron alloy, the iron content of which is 12 to 14 percent by weight.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the region of a glow plug on the combustion chamber side in an enlarged view according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cobalt-iron diagram which shows the material structures as a function of temperature and alloy ratio.
  • the glow plug 10 shown in Figure 1 is provided for arrangement in a combustion chamber, not shown, of air-compressing internal combustion engines.
  • This glow plug 10 has a tubular metal housing 11, in the longitudinal bore 12 of which a glow plug 13 is fixed with a part of its length.
  • This glow plug 13 has a corrosion-resistant, thin-walled glow tube 14 which is closed at its end on the combustion chamber side by a base 15.
  • an electrical resistance element 17 extends, which extends in the axial direction, is embedded in insulating material 18 (e.g.
  • connection part 19 for the electric current away from the combustion chamber is electrically conductive and firmly connected to the combustion chamber
  • Bottom 15 of the glow tube 14 is connected and is composed of two resistance coils 20, 21 connected in series.
  • the resistance coil 20 on the combustion chamber side serves as a heating element and the resistance coil 21 remote from the combustion chamber acts, as is known, as a regulating element due to its high positive temperature-resistance coefficient: while the resistance coil 20 serving as a heating element in a known manner consists of a wire material with essentially temperature-independent resistance behavior (e.g. from a chrome-aluminum-iron alloy), the resistance coil 21 acting as a control element is selected from a cobalt-iron alloy.
  • this resistance coil 21 serving as a control element is composed of such an alloy of cobalt and iron, so that it maintains a face-centered cubic structure ( ⁇ ) during all operating states of the glow plug 10.
  • This face-centered cubic structure ( ⁇ ) of the cobalt-iron alloy of such a resistance element 21 serving as a regulating element is given when the alloy has approximately between 6 and 18 percent by weight iron.
  • this resistance coil 21 With less than 6 percent by weight of iron in the cobalt-iron alloy, this resistance coil 21 would initially have a hexagonal material structure ( ⁇ ) at room temperature, which - depending on the iron content - only has a face-centered cubic material structure ( ⁇ ) would take. With more than 18 percent by weight of iron in a cobalt-iron alloy, this material would have a cubic, body-centered structure ( ⁇ ), namely up to at least 400 ° C, but mostly in the range between 800 and 900 ° C before it was converted into a face-centered cubic structure ( ⁇ ).
  • the preferred range for a cobalt-iron alloy, which is suitable for a resistance coil 21 serving as a control element, contains 12 to 14 percent by weight of iron. In the diagram for cobalt-iron alloys shown in FIG.
  • the functional lines 22 and 23 shown in this diagram separate the areas of different material structures from one another.
  • the function line 21 separates the area between the hexagonal material structure ( ⁇ ) from the area of the cubic face-centered material structure ( ⁇ ), while the function line 23 separates the areas of the cubic body-centered material structure ( ⁇ ) from the area of the cubic face-centered material structure ( ⁇ ).
  • the preferred cobalt-iron alloy for this purpose which contains 12 to 14 percent by weight iron, is identified in the diagram in FIG. 2 as a hatched area 24.
  • the desired behavior of the resistance element 17 with respect to temperature and time can be adapted to the desired course even more precisely by means of other known measures.
  • measures include B. the arrangement of an annular gap 25 between the metal housing 11 and part of the length of the glow plug 13 (see Figure 1); Such an annular gap 25 is usually used when the free length of the glow plug 13 protruding from the metal housing 11 on the combustion chamber side is to be as short as possible and therefore part of the resistance coil 21 serving as a control element projects into the area of the glow plug 13 surrounded by the metal housing 11.
  • the axial length of the resistance filament 21 can usually be made relatively short, so that the regulating filament (and of course the heating filament on the combustion chamber side) are completely outside the area of the glow plug 13 surrounded by the metal housing 11 can be accommodated; this latter embodiment of a glow plug is to be regarded as the preferred embodiment.
  • the following can also be used as further measures for adapting the temperature / time profile of the glow plug 10: adjusting the wire diameter of the resistance filaments 20 and 21, changing the slopes of the resistance filaments 20 and 21, varying the distance between the resistance filament 20 and the resistance filament 21, using Insulating materials 18 of different thermal conductivity (in particular in the area between the two resistance coils 20 and 21), arrangement of electrically conductive, heat but poorly conductive intermediate pieces (not shown) between the resistance coil 20 and the resistance coil 21, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) conçue pour être montée dans la chambre de combustion de moteurs à combustion interne du type à compression d'air. Comme dans l'état antérieur de la technique, la bougie-crayon de préchauffage comprend une résistance (17) dans sa gaine (13), la résistance (17) étant constituée de deux enroulements (20, 21) montés en série. Tandis que l'enroulement (20) se trouvant le plus près de la chambre de combustion constitue un enroulement chauffant gardant une résistance essentiellement constante à toutes les températures de fonctionnement, l'enroulement de résistance (21), qui est formé de spires de fil, qui est le plus éloigné de la chambre de combustion, et agit comme élément régulateur, possède un haut coefficient température-résistance. Selon l'invention, cet enroulement de résistance (21) fonctionnant comme élément régulateur est constitué d'un alliage, cobalt/fer dont la structure n'est pas détruite quand il est soumis aux températures que l'on a dans un moteur à combustion interne. Cet alliage est choisi de façon qu'il conserve une structure cubique à faces centrées dans toutes les conditions de fonctionnement de la bougie-crayon (10); la teneur en fer de cet alliage cobalt/fer étant de 6 à 18 % en poids, de préférence de 12 à 14 % en poids. La résistance (17) constituée d'enroulement de fil est, selon l'état antérieur de la technique, noyée dans une matière (18) isolant électriquement mais conduisant bien la chaleur.

Claims (4)

  1. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) destinée à la mise en place dans la chambre de combustion de moteur à combustion interne à compression d'air, avec un boîtier métallique (11) tubulaire, dans l'alésage longitudinal duquel (12) est fixé un crayon de préchauffage (13) sur une partie de sa longueur, dans laquelle le crayon de préchauffage (13) a un tube de préchauffage (14) fermé par un fond (15) à son extrémité du côté de la chambre de combustion, tube (14) dans l'espace interne (16) duquel est placé un élément de résistance électrique (17), s'étendant dans le sens axial, enrobé dans un matériau isolant (18), élément qui est muni loin de la chambre de combustion d'une pièce de raccordement (19) pour le courant électrique, est en connexion conductrice électrique du côté de la chambre de combustion et solidaire du fond (15) du tube de préchauffage (14) et se compose de deux résistances en spirale (20, 21) montées en série, parmi lesquelles la résistance en spirale (20) située du côté de la chambre de combustion sert d'élément chauffant et la résistance en spirale (21) située loin de la chambre de combustion par suite de son coefficient de résistance à la température positif élevé agit comme élément régulateur et est composé d'un alliage fer-cobalt, caractérisé en ce que la résistance en spirale (21) composée d'un alliage fer-cobalt, servant d'élément régulateur conserve pendant tous les états de fonctionnement de la bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) une structure de matériau cubique à faces centrées.
  2. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'alliage fercobalt de la résistance en spirale (21) servant d'élément régulateur comprend entre 6 et 18 pour-cent en poids de fer.
  3. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'alliage fer-cobalt de la résistance en spirale (21) servant d'élément régulateur contient de 12 à 14 pour-cent en poids de fer.
  4. Bougie-crayon de préchauffage (10) selon une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que aussi bien la résistance en spirale (20) servant d'élément chauffant que la résistance en spirale (21) servant d'élément régulateur de l'élément de résistance (17) sont disposées essentiellement à l'intérieur de ce segment longitudinal du crayon de préchauffage (13), qui ne se trouve pas en contact radial direct avec le boîtier métallique (11).
EP91904691A 1990-03-31 1991-03-01 Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pour moteurs a combustion interne Expired - Lifetime EP0523062B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4010479 1990-03-31
DE4010479A DE4010479A1 (de) 1990-03-31 1990-03-31 Gluehstiftkerze fuer brennkraftmaschinen
PCT/DE1991/000181 WO1991015717A1 (fr) 1990-03-31 1991-03-01 Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0523062A1 EP0523062A1 (fr) 1993-01-20
EP0523062B1 true EP0523062B1 (fr) 1994-09-28

Family

ID=6403531

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91904691A Expired - Lifetime EP0523062B1 (fr) 1990-03-31 1991-03-01 Bougie-crayon de prechauffage pour moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5319180A (fr)
EP (1) EP0523062B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2936147B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4010479A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991015717A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0749133A2 (fr) * 1995-04-26 1996-12-18 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Matériau pour la bobine d'une bougie à incandescence
DE19603059C2 (de) * 1996-01-29 1999-07-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze
DE19604551C2 (de) * 1996-02-08 1999-08-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze
DE10060273C1 (de) * 2000-12-05 2001-12-13 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co Kg Glühstiftkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10310255A1 (de) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Elektrische Heizung mit einer Kontaktkochplatte
DE10314218A1 (de) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-14 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisches Heizelement
DE102004025854A1 (de) * 2004-05-24 2005-12-29 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Glühstiftkerze für Brennkraftmaschine
DE10014526B4 (de) * 2000-03-23 2006-07-27 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya Selbstregelnde Schnellheizstabglühkerze

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2806195B2 (ja) * 1993-01-14 1998-09-30 株式会社デンソー グロープラグ
DE4301252A1 (de) * 1993-01-19 1994-07-21 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Stabflammglühkerze
JP3802599B2 (ja) * 1995-12-28 2006-07-26 日本特殊陶業株式会社 電熱式シーズヒータおよび自己温度制御型グロープラグ
DE19630402C2 (de) * 1996-07-26 2000-12-28 Beru Ag Stabflammglühkerze
US5676100A (en) * 1996-08-30 1997-10-14 Caterpillar Inc. Glow plug assembly
JP2002098333A (ja) 2000-09-26 2002-04-05 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd グロープラグ
WO2003095828A1 (fr) * 2002-05-14 2003-11-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Module de commande pour bougie de prechauffage et bougie de prechauffage
DE10248812A1 (de) 2002-10-19 2004-04-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Regelwendelmaterial für eine Glühstiftkerze
US6878903B2 (en) * 2003-04-16 2005-04-12 Fleming Circle Associates, Llc Glow plug
JP2006300046A (ja) * 2004-08-05 2006-11-02 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 燃焼圧検知機能付グロープラグ
DE102008043228A1 (de) * 2008-10-28 2010-04-29 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Brennkraftbetriebenes Setzgerät
DE102013101703A1 (de) * 2013-02-21 2014-08-21 Borgwarner Beru Systems Gmbh Verdampfer

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1082949A (fr) * 1976-06-03 1980-08-05 William F. Schilling Alliages austenitiques convenant pour des utilisations a haute temperature
DE2802625C3 (de) * 1978-01-21 1985-07-18 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Glühkerze
US4423309A (en) * 1982-06-28 1983-12-27 General Motors Corporation Quick heat self regulating electric glow heater
US4477717A (en) * 1983-04-08 1984-10-16 Wellman Thermal Systems Corporation Fast start glow plug
GB2216952B (en) * 1988-03-16 1991-10-02 Wellman Automotive Products Li Glow plugs
DE3825012A1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1990-01-25 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Werkstoff fuer ein elektrisches widerstandselement mit positivem temperaturkoeffizienten

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0749133A2 (fr) * 1995-04-26 1996-12-18 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Matériau pour la bobine d'une bougie à incandescence
DE19603059C2 (de) * 1996-01-29 1999-07-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze
DE19604551C2 (de) * 1996-02-08 1999-08-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Glühstiftkerze
DE10014526B4 (de) * 2000-03-23 2006-07-27 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd., Nagoya Selbstregelnde Schnellheizstabglühkerze
DE10060273C1 (de) * 2000-12-05 2001-12-13 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co Kg Glühstiftkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen
DE10310255A1 (de) * 2003-03-05 2004-09-16 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Elektrische Heizung mit einer Kontaktkochplatte
DE10314218A1 (de) * 2003-03-28 2004-10-14 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrisches Heizelement
DE102004025854A1 (de) * 2004-05-24 2005-12-29 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Glühstiftkerze für Brennkraftmaschine
DE102004025854B4 (de) * 2004-05-24 2006-09-21 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Glühstiftkerze für Brennkraftmaschinen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59103126D1 (de) 1994-11-03
US5319180A (en) 1994-06-07
JPH05505669A (ja) 1993-08-19
EP0523062A1 (fr) 1993-01-20
DE4010479A1 (de) 1991-10-02
WO1991015717A1 (fr) 1991-10-17
JP2936147B2 (ja) 1999-08-23

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