EP0411982A1 - Method and machine for helically depositing a film web on the vertical sides of a palettized load - Google Patents

Method and machine for helically depositing a film web on the vertical sides of a palettized load Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0411982A1
EP0411982A1 EP90402071A EP90402071A EP0411982A1 EP 0411982 A1 EP0411982 A1 EP 0411982A1 EP 90402071 A EP90402071 A EP 90402071A EP 90402071 A EP90402071 A EP 90402071A EP 0411982 A1 EP0411982 A1 EP 0411982A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
film
roller
load
bearings
reel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP90402071A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacques Thimon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Newtec International SA
Original Assignee
Newtec International SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newtec International SA filed Critical Newtec International SA
Publication of EP0411982A1 publication Critical patent/EP0411982A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/04—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated
    • B65B11/045—Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material the articles being rotated by rotating platforms supporting the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
    • B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
    • B65H23/32—Arrangements for turning or reversing webs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H2406/00—Means using fluid
    • B65H2406/10—Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium
    • B65H2406/11—Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium producing fluidised bed
    • B65H2406/111—Means using fluid made only for exhausting gaseous medium producing fluidised bed for handling material along a curved path, e.g. fluidised turning bar

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a machine for depositing a strip of film helically on the vertical faces of a palletized load.
  • Such a method implements a known machine of the type comprising a fixed frame; a load receiving table carried by the frame, pivotally mounted about its vertical axis so as to be able to be selectively locked in rotation or driven in rotation by means of drive and blocking means and control means; a fixed vertical mast carried by the frame, forming a support; support bearings of a film reel, carried by the frame; a control roller; a carriage mounted to slide on the mast in vertical direction up and down between two upper and lower extreme positions driven to slide by drive means associated with control means associated with the control means of the table; an output roller with vertical axis, carried by the carriage.
  • This technology is preferably implemented with a stretch film, stretched beyond the elastic limit so as to create, once applied to the load, compressive forces and to maintain the cohesion of the load.
  • a pre-stretching device with two upstream and downstream rollers or a single roller is used, as is apparent from documents FR-A-2 281 275, FR-A-2 468 506, FR-A-2 470 056, FR-A-2 489 780, FR-A-2 571 655, FR-A-2 571 656.
  • the machine can also include a pressure plate; a gripper for gripping the film and, associated with it, means for transversely cutting the film and securing the film to itself or to the load (see in particular documents US-A-4,255,918, US-A-4,271,657, US-A-4 336 679, US-A-4 387 548, US-A-4 387 552, US-A-4 418 510, US-A-4 050 221, US-A-4 302 920, FR- A-2 417 167, EP-A-0 110 751, FR-A-2 535 297, FR-A-2 572 359).
  • All these machines have as a common characteristic that the film reel and the possible pre-stretching device are of vertical axes and carried by the vertically movable carriage.
  • a helical wrapping machine which in a secondary variant has a film reel with horizontal axis, superior.
  • the film coming from the film reel passes through a pre-stretching device then on a return roller distant from the pre-stretching device then on a bar inclined at 45 ° then on a dancer roller of movable axis and carried by dancers arms.
  • this location of the dancer roller downstream of the inclined bar does not allow optimal operation.
  • the location of the film reel at the top is awkward.
  • the use of a deflection roller in the structure considered increases the length of film between the pre-stretching device and the load, which is hardly favorable. Consequently, the arrangement according to document US-A-4,590,746 cannot be satisfactory.
  • the invention aims to remedy this problem. And, for this purpose, it firstly proposes a method of the previously defined type in which, during the wrapping, the film reel and the control roller are kept in a fixed location and with their parallel horizontal axes; and we act on the film for successively and in this order, from the film reel, pass it over the control roller, change it direction, continuously, to change its transverse direction T from the state horizontal at the outlet of the roller in the vertical state at the inlet of the roller, pass it over the roller.
  • the invention secondly proposes a machine of the type previously defined in which the support bearings and the control roller are of horizontal and parallel axes and located in a fixed location of the mast, independently of the carriage; and the carriage also supports means for changing the direction of the film, in continuous, between the output of the control roller and the input of the output roller.
  • the invention relates to a method and a machine for depositing a film strip 1, helically, on the vertical faces 2 of a load 3 such as a palletized load which also has a lower horizontal face 4 and an upper horizontal face. 5.
  • the machine is a machine for packaging a palletized load of the rotary table type 6.
  • a fixed frame 7 a load receiving table 6 carried by the frame 7, pivotally mounted about its vertical axis 8 so as to be able to be selectively locked in rotation or driven in rotation by means of drive and blocking means and control means; a vertical mast 9, fixed, carried by the frame 7, forming a support; bearings 10 supports of a reel 11 of film, carried by the frame 7; a control roller 12 having an output generator 13, located in the vicinity of the support bearings 10 of the film reel 11, carried by the frame 7; a carriage 14 slidably mounted on the mast 9 in vertical direction upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions, driven to slide by drive means 15 associated with control means themselves associated with the means table 6; and an output roller 16, with a vertical axis 16a, carried by the carriage 14.
  • the frame 7 mainly comprises a horizontal base resting on the ground on which the mast 9 is fixed, off-center.
  • the table 6 is driven by means of a geared motor controlled from an electric control cabinet including a programmed automaton.
  • the mast 9 is arranged to serve as a guide with vertical sliding to the carriage 14, the drive means being able to include an endless chain.
  • the control roller 12 also constitutes a deflection roller.
  • the machine implements a process in which the load 3 is brought to the table 6; the film 1 is passed over the roller 12 and over the output roller 16; then, the initial free end portion of the film 1 is secured to the load 3; then the table 6, therefore the load 3, is driven to rotate about its vertical axis 8; and the output roller 16 is driven vertically upwards and towards the bottom between two upper and lower extreme positions in relation to the rotation of the table 6 in order to achieve a helical wrapping of the load 3 with the film 1; then once the wrapping is finished, the film 1 is cut transversely in the vicinity of the load 3 and the end free end portion of the film 1 is secured to the load 3 or to the wrapped film 1.
  • the support bearings 10 and the control roller 12 are of axes 11a, 12a horizontal and parallel and located in a fixed location of the mast 9, independently of the carriage 14.
  • the carriage 14 supports, in addition to the output roller 16, means 17 change of direction of the film 1, continuously, between the output generator 13 of the roller 12 and the input of the output roller 16.
  • the film reel 11 and the control roller 12 are kept in a fixed location .
  • the transverse direction T of the film is understood to mean that corresponding to its width, that is to say that perpendicular to its length corresponding to the direction of travel.
  • the machine may also include, carried by the mast 9 by means of a bracket 18 a pressure plate 19 mounted so as to be able to be raised or lowered, by means of drive means and freely pivoting about its vertical axis 8, driven pivoted by the load when it is applied to its upper horizontal face 5.
  • the machine may also include a gripper 20 for gripping the film 1 which can be opened and closed and retracted as a whole, by means of drive, carried by the base or the table 6, or the carriage 14, or the pressure plate 19, with which may be associated means of transverse cutting of the film 1 and / or means of securing the film 1 on itself or the load 3.
  • the mast 9 is offset to allow the location of the film reel 11. Consequently (FIG. 3), the bracket 18 is not orthogonal (in horizontal plane) to the mast 9, as in the state of the art but inclined for make up for the transverse horizontal offset between the plane P of the mast 9 and that parallel Q of the film reel 11. Similarly, the clamp 20 can be offset, either relative to the mast 9 or relative to the film reel 11, or compared to both.
  • the support bearings 10 and the control roller 12 are located at the lower end 21 of the mast 9 and more particularly at the foot of the mast 9, right next to it, adjoining, in the front direction relative to the table 6. This constructive arrangement allows the film reel 11 to rest on the base of the frame 7 while benefiting from the retention of the mast 9.
  • the control roller 12 is located near the bearings 10 and at a level below the bearings 10.
  • the control roller 12 is placed in the vicinity of the front plane R of the mast 9, and the coil 11 is placed at the back of it that is to say opposite to the gap of the table 6.
  • a support roll 22 for the film reel 11 can be provided, horizontal, placed vertically below the bearings 10, serving as support for the reel of film 11 by its lower horizontal generator 23.
  • the support bearings 10 are mounted to slide freely in the vertical direction, thanks to guide means 24.
  • This constructive arrangement allows the generator 23 to output the film reel 11 , to constitute a constant "reference", which is not possible with a film reel with vertical axis.
  • This also allows, by acting on the support roller 22 to obtain a supply of the film at a controlled speed.
  • Film 1 can be stretchable.
  • the packaging, obtained by the film 1, can cover all the faces 2 or only a part.
  • the packaging can be monolayer or multilayer, regularly or not.
  • a stretch film stretched before application to the load 3 is used beyond its elastic limit.
  • the machine then comprises means capable of carrying out this stretching and the method a step consisting in stretching the film longitudinally.
  • the stretching can be carried out according to different variants and in particular, and preferably, by that known in the state of the art under the name of "pre-stretching" (French patent 2,281,275).
  • the film 1 is passed through, in the location of the control roller 12, with an upstream scrolling speed V1 less than a downstream traveling speed V2 greater than V1.
  • the pre-stretched film 1 is transported on the load 3 via the output roller 16.
  • a certain over-stretching of the film 1 is also carried out after its pre-stretching.
  • the film 1 is first driven vertical scrolling, then on a deflection roller forming part of the direction change means 17 inclined relative to the horizontal before reaching the output roller 16.
  • the machine comprises a pre-stretching device 25 having generators capable of moving the film from the input to the output of this device from an upstream travel speed V1 to a downstream travel speed V2 greater than V1
  • the pre-stretching device 25 can be of the non-motorized type, the drive being carried out by the movement of the film 1 itself; or of the motorized type, thanks to a motor 26.
  • the pre-stretching device 25 can be of the type comprising at least one upstream roller 27 and a downstream roller 28 arranged so that the circumferential speed of the downstream roller V2 is greater than that of the upstream roller V1 (FIGS. 1 to 5) or of the single roller type 29 whose generators 30 are at greater circumferential speed downstream V2 than upstream V1 (FIG. 6).
  • the horizontal axis pre-stretching device 25 is placed in a fixed location, near the bearings 10 and not in the vicinity of the output roller 16 as is generally the case in the prior art.
  • the control roller 12 can be part of the pre-stretching device 25.
  • the generator 13 is the downstream generator of the pre-stretching device 25.
  • the support roller 22 can also be part of the pre-stretching device 25.
  • the support roller 22 defines the upstream generator of the pre-stretching device 25.
  • the upstream roller 27 constitutes the support roller 22 and the downstream roller 28 constitutes the control roller 12.
  • FIGS. 5A to 5C illustrate a variant of a pre-stretching device 25 with two rollers 27 and 28.
  • the machine also firstly comprises a roll 31 for placing the film 1 in the device pre-stretch 25 mounted with free pivoting on bearings 32 defining a horizontal axis 31a, said bearings 32 being mounted movable between two extreme positions where they can be blocked, namely an engagement position where the positioning roller 31 is placed between the upstream 27 and downstream pre-stretching rollers 28 so that the film 1 is applied to the pre-stretching rollers 27, 28 and the positioning roller 31 which deflects it between them and a retracted position where the positioning roller 31 is spaced from the upstream pre-stretching rollers 27 and downstream 28 and from the film 1 passing between them without deflecting it.
  • the machine secondly comprises means 33 for supporting and guiding the bearings 32 of the roller 31 between these two positions. And, thirdly, means for operating the bearings 32 making it possible to move them from one to the other of their positions.
  • the roller 31 is carried at the end of the rods 33 pivotally carried at their other ends on elements adjoining the frame 7. And a motor or jack 34 enables the selective operation of the rods 33.
  • the operation is then as follows: If the film reel 11 is changed or the film 1 is broken, the film reel 11 and the support roller 22 are driven so that the initial end portion 35 of the film 1 can be pulled between them two backwards (opposite table 6 and this over a sufficient length).
  • the positioning roller 31 is in the retracted position at a level lower than the two pre-rollers. stretching 27, 28 (FIG. 5A). Keeping the positioning roller 31 in this retracted position, the film 1 is placed on the other rollers of the machine, namely 22 or 27, 12 or 28, 17, 16, by pivoting the film 1 Approximately 180 ° forward, then upward ( Figure 5B). Finally, the positioning roller 31 is passed from its retracted position to its engagement position (FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is shown a machine having a single pre-stretching roller 29 acting as a support roller 22 for reel 11.
  • the machine may also include a front deflection roller 36, with a fixed horizontal axis 36a, placed substantially vertically, and below the carriage 14, located in the location of the bearings 10 downstream of the pre-stretching device 25 and / or the support roller 22.
  • the deflection roller 36 is constituted by the downstream roller 28 of the pre-stretching device 25 with two upstream rollers 27 and downstream 28.
  • the deflection roller 36 is constituted by a roller additional to that 29 single for pre-stretching.
  • the bearings 10, the pre-stretching device 25, the support roller 22, the deflection roller 36 are carried by two fixed vertical cheeks 37. These two cheeks 37 are carried by the frame 7 and placed laterally next to the mast 9.
  • the carriage 14 essentially supports the output roller 16 and the associated means as well as the means 17 for changing the direction of the film 1, with the exception of the bearings 10, of the film reel 11 itself, of the pre- drawing 25, of the support roller 22, of the deflection roller 36.
  • the means 17 for changing the direction of the film comprise a bearing surface 38 fixedly carried by the carriage 14, inclined to the vertical, on which the film 1 slides while running, without substantial friction.
  • the support surface 38 includes perforations 39 with which are associated means 40 generating or propelling a compressed gas exiting through the perforations 39 and able to spread or tend to spread the film 1 from the support surface 38 in order to reduce friction.
  • the bearing surface 38 is placed substantially vertically vertically and above the deflection roller 36.
  • the surface 38 is placed substantially adjacent, in a horizontal direction, to the output roller 16.
  • the axis 16a of the roller 16 is placed in or in the immediate vicinity of the vertical plane passing through the support surface 38.
  • the support surface consists of a cylindrical sector of a fixed support tube.
  • the bearing surface 38 is inclined to the vertical at 45 ° or close to 45 °.
  • the carriage 14 comprises at least one horizontal plate 41 extending in transverse direction from the mast 9 to the cheek 37.
  • the tube 38 is for example fixed between the two plates 41 spaced apart vertically and facing each other one from the other.
  • the means 40 comprise for example a connector for a supply of compressed air fixed to one of the plates 41, in communication with a hole in the plate 41 communicating with the channel of the tube defining the bearing surface 38.
  • the bearing surface 38 is inclined so that its upper end 42 is closest to the output roller 16 while the lower end 43 is on the contrary the farthest.
  • the film 1 coming from the deflection roller 36 arrives vertically, parallel to the plane R at 44. Then, the film passes over the bearing surface 38 inclined at 45 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of advancement of the film 1. After a about U-turn around the support surface 38 at 45, the film starts again in the horizontal direction, parallel to the plane R at 46 towards the control roller 16. The film then arrives on the output roller 16 at 47 then after a fraction of turn around the axis 16a the film starts again at 48 to go towards the load 3.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour déposer une bande de film (1) de façon hélicoïdale sur les faces verticales (2) d'une charge (3) telle qu'une charge palettisée dans lequel : - on amène la charge (3) sur une table (6) ; - on fait passer le film (1) provenant d'une bobine de film (11) sur un rouleau (12) commandant le débit du film (1) et un rouleau de sortie (16) à axe vertical (16a) - puis, on solidarise la partie extrême libre initiale du film (1) à la charge ; - puis on entraine la table (6), donc la charge (3), à rotation autour de son axe vertical (8) ; - et on entraîne le rouleau de sortie (16) verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure en relation avec la rotation de la table (6) afin de réaliser un banderolage hélicoïdal de la charge (3) avec le film (1) ; - puis une fois le banderolage terminé, on coupe transversalement le film (1) au voisinage de la charge (3) et on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale du film (1) à la charge (3) ou au film (1) banderolé, caractérisé en ce que pendant le banderolage on maintient la bobine de film (11) et le rouleau de commande (12) dans une localisation fixe et avec leurs axes (11a, 12a) horizontaux parallèles ; et on agit sur le film pour successivement et dans cet ordre, à partir de la bobine de film, le faire passer sur le rouleau de commande (12), le faire changer de direction, en continu, pour faire passer sa direction transversale T de l'état horizontal en sortie du rouleau (12) à l'état vertical à l'entrée du rouleau (16), le faire passer sur le rouleau (16).The invention relates to a method for depositing a film strip (1) helically on the vertical faces (2) of a load (3) such as a palletized load in which: - the load (3) is brought onto a table (6); - the film (1) from a film reel (11) is passed over a roller (12) controlling the flow of the film (1) and an output roller (16) with vertical axis (16a) - then, the initial free end portion of the film (1) is secured to the load; - Then we drive the table (6), therefore the load (3), to rotate about its vertical axis (8); - And the output roller (16) is driven vertically upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions in relation to the rotation of the table (6) in order to achieve a helical wrapping of the load (3) with the film (1); - then once the wrapping is finished, the film (1) is cut transversely in the vicinity of the load (3) and the end free end portion of the film (1) is secured to the load (3) or to the wrapped film (1) , characterized in that during the wrapping the film reel (11) and the control roller (12) are kept in a fixed location and with their parallel horizontal axes (11a, 12a); and we act on the film for successively and in this order, from the film reel, pass it over the control roller (12), change it direction, continuously, to change its transverse direction T from the horizontal state at the outlet of the roller (12) in the vertical state at the inlet of the roller (16), pass it over the roller (16).

Description

L'invention concerne un procédé et une machine pour déposer une bande de film de façon hélicoïdale sur les faces verticales d'une charge palettisée.The invention relates to a method and a machine for depositing a strip of film helically on the vertical faces of a palletized load.

On connaît déjà un procédé pour déposer une bande de film de façon hélicoïdale sur les faces verticales d'une charge palettisée, dans lequel on amène la charge sur une table ; on fait passer le film provenant d'une bobine de film sur un rouleau commandant le débit du film et un rouleau de sortie à axe vertical ; puis, on solidarise la partie extrême libre initiale du film à la charge ; puis on entraîne la table, donc la charge, à rotation autour d'un axe vertical ; et on entraîne le rouleau de sortie verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure en relation avec la rotation de la table afin de réaliser un banderolage hélicoïdal de la charge avec le film ; puis une fois le banderolage terminé, on coupe transversalement le film au voisinage de la charge et on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale du film à la charge ou au film banderolé.A method is already known for depositing a film strip helically on the vertical faces of a palletized load, in which the load is brought onto a table; passing the film from a film reel on a roller controlling the flow of the film and an output roller with a vertical axis; then, the initial free end portion of the film is secured to the load; then the table, and therefore the load, is driven to rotate about a vertical axis; and the output roller is driven vertically upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions in relation to the rotation of the table in order to achieve a helical wrapping of the load with the film; then once the wrapping is finished, the film is cut transversely in the vicinity of the load and the end free end portion of the film is secured to the load or to the wrapped film.

Un tel procédé, met en oeuvre une machine connue du type comprenant un bâti fixe ; une table de réception de la charge portée par le bâti, montée à pivotement autour de son axe vertical de manière à pouvoir sélectivement être bloquée en rotation ou entraînée en rotation grâce à des moyens d'entraînement et de blocage et des moyens de commande ; un mât vertical fixe porté par le bâti, formant support ; des paliers supports d'une bobine de film, portés par le bâti ; un rouleau de commande ; un chariot monté à coulissement sur le mât en direction verticale vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure entraîné à coulissement par des moyens d'entraînement associés à des moyens de commande associés aux moyens de commande de la table ; un rouleau de sortie à axe vertical, porté par le chariot.Such a method implements a known machine of the type comprising a fixed frame; a load receiving table carried by the frame, pivotally mounted about its vertical axis so as to be able to be selectively locked in rotation or driven in rotation by means of drive and blocking means and control means; a fixed vertical mast carried by the frame, forming a support; support bearings of a film reel, carried by the frame; a control roller; a carriage mounted to slide on the mast in vertical direction up and down between two upper and lower extreme positions driven to slide by drive means associated with control means associated with the control means of the table; an output roller with vertical axis, carried by the carriage.

L'état de la technique illustré par certaines machines de la série connue sous le nom "DRA-PAL", commercialisée par les sociétés du Groupe NEWTEC INTERNATIONAL. Elles sont connues comme étant des machines de banderolage hélicoïdal vertical à table tournante, par opposition aux machines d'emballage telles que celles à table fixe et bobine de film à axe pivotant ou celles dans lesquelles la charge est déplacée horizontalement, la bobine de fim tournant autour dans un plan vertical ou celles dans lesquelles la charge est déplacée horizontalement face à un rideau de film tendu entre deux bobines de film d'axes verticaux.The state of the art illustrated by certain machines of the series known as "DRA-PAL", marketed by the companies of the NEWTEC INTERNATIONAL Group. They are known as vertical helical wrapping machines with rotating table, as opposed to packaging machines such as those with fixed table and film reel with pivoting axis or those in which the load is moved horizontally, the film reel turning around in a vertical plane or those in which the load is moved horizontally in front of a film curtain stretched between two film reels with vertical axes.

Le procédé et la machine décrits précédemment peuvent faire l'objet de variantes :The process and the machine described above can be subject to variants:

Cette technologie est préférentiellement mise en oeuvre avec un film étirable, étiré au-delà de la limite élastique de manière à créer ultérieurement une fois appliqué sur la charge des forces de compression et de maintien de la cohésion de la charge.This technology is preferably implemented with a stretch film, stretched beyond the elastic limit so as to create, once applied to the load, compressive forces and to maintain the cohesion of the load.

Dans ce cas, on met en oeuvre un dispositif de pré-­étirage à deux rouleaux amont et aval ou à rouleau unique, ainsi que cela résulte des documents FR-A-2 281 275, FR-A-2 468 506, FR-A-2 470 056, FR-A-2 489 780, FR-A-2 571 655, FR-A-2 571 656.In this case, a pre-stretching device with two upstream and downstream rollers or a single roller is used, as is apparent from documents FR-A-2 281 275, FR-A-2 468 506, FR-A-2 470 056, FR-A-2 489 780, FR-A-2 571 655, FR-A-2 571 656.

La machine peut comporter également, un plateau presseur ; une pince de saisie du film et, associés à elle des moyens de coupe transversale du film et de solidarisation du film sur lui-même ou la charge (voir notamment documents US-A-4 255 918, US-A-4 271 657, US-A-4 336 679, US-A-4 387 548, US-A-4 387 552, US-A-4 418 510, US-A-4 050 221, US-A-4 302 920, FR-A-2 417 167, EP-A-0 110 751, FR-A-2 535 297, FR-A-2 572 359).The machine can also include a pressure plate; a gripper for gripping the film and, associated with it, means for transversely cutting the film and securing the film to itself or to the load (see in particular documents US-A-4,255,918, US-A-4,271,657, US-A-4 336 679, US-A-4 387 548, US-A-4 387 552, US-A-4 418 510, US-A-4 050 221, US-A-4 302 920, FR- A-2 417 167, EP-A-0 110 751, FR-A-2 535 297, FR-A-2 572 359).

Toutes ces machines ont comme caractéristique commune que la bobine de film et l'éventuel dispositif de pré-étirage sont d'axes verticaux et portés par le chariot mobile verticalement.All these machines have as a common characteristic that the film reel and the possible pre-stretching device are of vertical axes and carried by the vertically movable carriage.

Il s'en suit divers problèmes : la nécessité d'un chariot résistant pour supporter à la fois une bobine de film, les paliers correspondants et le dispositif de pré-­étirage ; la difficulté de mise en place de la bobine de film qui doit être engagée sur des paliers d'axes verticaux, dans une zone -le chariot- d'accès mal commode ; la difficulté de mise en place du film dans le dispositif de pré-étirage pour la même raison ; un mât également renforcé pour supporter le chariot ; des connexions électriques avec le dispositif de pré-étirage souples pour s'adapter à la mobilité de ce dispositif, etc...Various problems ensue: the need for a resistant carriage to support both a film reel, the corresponding bearings and the pre-stretching device; the difficulty of positioning the film reel which must be engaged on bearings of vertical axes, in an area -the carriage- of awkward access; the difficulty of placing the film in the pre-stretching device for the same reason; a mast also reinforced to support the carriage; flexible electrical connections with the pre-stretching device to adapt to the mobility of this device, etc.

Selon le document US-A-4 590 746, il est décrit une machine de banderolage hélicoïdal qui dans une variante secondaire présente une bobine de film à axe horizontal, supérieure. Le film provenant de la bobine de film passe dans un dispositif de pré-étirage puis sur un rouleau de renvoi éloigné du dispositif de pré-étirage puis sur une barre inclinée à 45° puis sur un rouleau danceur d'axe mobile et porté par des bras danceurs. Toutefois, cette localisation du rouleau danceur en aval de la barre inclinée ne permet pas un fonctionnement optimal. Ensuite, la localisation de la bobine de film en partie supérieure est mal commode. Enfin, l'utilisation d'un rouleau de renvoi dans la structure considérée accroît la longueur de film entre le dispositif de pré-étirage et la charge ce qui n'est guère favorable. En conséquence, la disposition selon le document US-A-4 590 746 ne peut donner satisfaction.According to document US-A-4 590 746, a helical wrapping machine is described which in a secondary variant has a film reel with horizontal axis, superior. The film coming from the film reel passes through a pre-stretching device then on a return roller distant from the pre-stretching device then on a bar inclined at 45 ° then on a dancer roller of movable axis and carried by dancers arms. However, this location of the dancer roller downstream of the inclined bar does not allow optimal operation. Then, the location of the film reel at the top is awkward. Finally, the use of a deflection roller in the structure considered increases the length of film between the pre-stretching device and the load, which is hardly favorable. Consequently, the arrangement according to document US-A-4,590,746 cannot be satisfactory.

L'invention vise à remédier à ce problème. Et, à cet effet, elle propose en premier lieu un procédé du type précédemment défini dans lequel, pendant le banderolage on maintient la bobine du film et le rouleau de commande dans une localisation fixe et avec leurs axes horizontaux parallèles ; et on agit sur le film pour successivement et dans cet ordre, à partir de la bobine de film, le faire passer sur le rouleau de commande, le faire changer de direction, en continu, pour faire passer sa direction transversale T de l'état horizontal en sortie du rouleau à l'état vertical à l'entrée du rouleau, le faire passer sur le rouleau.The invention aims to remedy this problem. And, for this purpose, it firstly proposes a method of the previously defined type in which, during the wrapping, the film reel and the control roller are kept in a fixed location and with their parallel horizontal axes; and we act on the film for successively and in this order, from the film reel, pass it over the control roller, change it direction, continuously, to change its transverse direction T from the state horizontal at the outlet of the roller in the vertical state at the inlet of the roller, pass it over the roller.

L'invention propose en second lieu une machine du type précédemment défini dans lequel les paliers supports et le rouleau de commande sont d'axes horizontaux et parallèles et situés dans une localisation fixe du mât, indépendamment du chariot ; et le chariot supporte également des moyens de changement de direction du film, en continu, entre la sortie du rouleau de commande et l'entrée du rouleau de sortie.The invention secondly proposes a machine of the type previously defined in which the support bearings and the control roller are of horizontal and parallel axes and located in a fixed location of the mast, independently of the carriage; and the carriage also supports means for changing the direction of the film, in continuous, between the output of the control roller and the input of the output roller.

Les autres caractéristiques de l'invention résulteront de la description qui suivra en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • - La figure 1 est une vue schématique, en perspective d'une machine selon l'invention.
  • - Les figures 2, 3, 4 sont trois vues schématiques de la machine de la figure 1 respectivement en élévation, de dessus (presseur enlevé), de côté arrière.
  • - Les figures 5A, 5B, 5C sont trois vues schématiques et de détail, selon la vue en élévation de la figure 2 montrant une variante de réalisation de l'invention, dans trois états successifs.
  • - La figure 6 est une vue similaire d'une autre variante.
  • - La figure 7 est une vue schématique en élévation, à plus grande échelle, du chariot, du rouleau de commande et du dispositif de changement de direction du film.
The other characteristics of the invention will result from the description which follows with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a machine according to the invention.
  • - Figures 2, 3, 4 are three schematic views of the machine of Figure 1 respectively in elevation, from above (presser removed), rear side.
  • - Figures 5A, 5B, 5C are three schematic and detailed views, according to the elevational view of Figure 2 showing an alternative embodiment of the invention, in three successive states.
  • - Figure 6 is a similar view of another variant.
  • - Figure 7 is a schematic elevational view, on a larger scale, of the carriage, the control roller and the film direction change device.

L'invention concerne un procédé et une machine pour déposer une bande de film 1, de façon hélicoïdale, sur les faces verticales 2 d'une charge 3 telle qu'une charge palettisée qui comporte aussi une face horizontale inférieure 4 et une face horizontale supérieure 5. La machine est une machine d'emballage d'une charge palettisée de type à table tournante 6. Elle comprend : un bâti fixe 7 ; une table 6 de réception de la charge 3 portée par le bâti 7, montée à pivotement autour de son axe 8 vertical de manière à pouvoir, sélectivement, être bloquée en rotation ou entraînée en rotation grâce à des moyens d'entraînement et de blocage et des moyens de commande ; un mat vertical 9, fixe, porté par le bâti 7, formant support ; des paliers 10 supports d'une bobine 11 de film, portés par le bâti 7 ; un rouleau de commande 12 ayant une génératrice de sortie 13, situé au voisinage des paliers supports 10 de la bobine 11 de film, porté par le bâti 7 ; un chariot 14 monté à coulissement sur le mât 9 en direction verticale vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure, entraîné à coulissement par des moyens d'entraînement 15 associés à des moyens de commande eux-mêmes associés aux moyens de commande de la table 6 ; et un rouleau de sortie 16, à axe vertical 16a, porté par le chariot 14.The invention relates to a method and a machine for depositing a film strip 1, helically, on the vertical faces 2 of a load 3 such as a palletized load which also has a lower horizontal face 4 and an upper horizontal face. 5. The machine is a machine for packaging a palletized load of the rotary table type 6. It comprises: a fixed frame 7; a load receiving table 6 carried by the frame 7, pivotally mounted about its vertical axis 8 so as to be able to be selectively locked in rotation or driven in rotation by means of drive and blocking means and control means; a vertical mast 9, fixed, carried by the frame 7, forming a support; bearings 10 supports of a reel 11 of film, carried by the frame 7; a control roller 12 having an output generator 13, located in the vicinity of the support bearings 10 of the film reel 11, carried by the frame 7; a carriage 14 slidably mounted on the mast 9 in vertical direction upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions, driven to slide by drive means 15 associated with control means themselves associated with the means table 6; and an output roller 16, with a vertical axis 16a, carried by the carriage 14.

Le bâti 7 comporte principalement un socle horizontal reposant au sol sur lequel est fixé, de façon décentrée le mât 9. La table 6 est entraînée grâce à un moto-réducteur commandé à partir d'une armoire de commande électrique incluant un automate programmé. Le mât 9 est agencé pour servir de guide à coulissment vertical au chariot 14, les moyens d'entraînement pouvant inclure une chaîne sans fin. Le rouleau de commande 12 constitue aussi un rouleau de renvoi.The frame 7 mainly comprises a horizontal base resting on the ground on which the mast 9 is fixed, off-center. The table 6 is driven by means of a geared motor controlled from an electric control cabinet including a programmed automaton. The mast 9 is arranged to serve as a guide with vertical sliding to the carriage 14, the drive means being able to include an endless chain. The control roller 12 also constitutes a deflection roller.

La machine met en oeuvre un procédé dans lequel on amène la charge 3 sur la table 6 ; on fait passer le film 1 sur le rouleau 12 et sur le rouleau de sortie 16 ; puis, on solidarise la partie extrême libre initiale du film 1 à la charge 3 ; puis on entraîne la table 6, donc la charge 3, à rotation autour de son axe vertical 8 ; et on entraîne le rouleau de sortie 16 verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure en relation avec la rotation de la table 6 afin de réaliser un banderolage hélicoïdal de la charge 3 avec le film 1 ; puis une fois le banderolage terminé, on coupe transversalement le film 1 au voisinage de la charge 3 et on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale du film 1 à la charge 3 ou au film 1 banderolé.The machine implements a process in which the load 3 is brought to the table 6; the film 1 is passed over the roller 12 and over the output roller 16; then, the initial free end portion of the film 1 is secured to the load 3; then the table 6, therefore the load 3, is driven to rotate about its vertical axis 8; and the output roller 16 is driven vertically upwards and towards the bottom between two upper and lower extreme positions in relation to the rotation of the table 6 in order to achieve a helical wrapping of the load 3 with the film 1; then once the wrapping is finished, the film 1 is cut transversely in the vicinity of the load 3 and the end free end portion of the film 1 is secured to the load 3 or to the wrapped film 1.

Les paliers supports 10 et le rouleau de commande 12 sont d'axes 11a, 12a horizontaux et parallèles et situés dans une localisation fixe du mât 9, indépendamment du chariot 14. Le chariot 14 supporte, outre le rouleau de sortie 16, des moyens 17 de changement de direction du film 1, en continu, entre la génératrice de sortie 13 du rouleau 12 et l'entrée du rouleau de sortie 16. Pendant le banderolage on maintient la bobine de film 11 et le rouleau de commande 12 dans une localisation fixe. Avant que de faire passer le film 1 sur le rouleau de sortie 16, on le fait changer de direction, en continu, pour faire passer sa direction transversale T de l'état horizontal en sortie du rouleau de commande 12 à l'état vertical à l'entrée du rouleau de sortie 16. On entend par direction transversale T du film celle correspondant à sa laize, c'est-à-dire celle perpendiculaire à sa longueur correspondant à la direction du défilement.The support bearings 10 and the control roller 12 are of axes 11a, 12a horizontal and parallel and located in a fixed location of the mast 9, independently of the carriage 14. The carriage 14 supports, in addition to the output roller 16, means 17 change of direction of the film 1, continuously, between the output generator 13 of the roller 12 and the input of the output roller 16. During the wrapping, the film reel 11 and the control roller 12 are kept in a fixed location . Before passing the film 1 over the output roller 16, it is made to change direction, continuously, to change its transverse direction T from the horizontal state at the output of the control roller 12 to the vertical state at the input of the output roller 16. The transverse direction T of the film is understood to mean that corresponding to its width, that is to say that perpendicular to its length corresponding to the direction of travel.

La machine peut comporter, également, porté par le mât 9 grâce à une potence 18 un plateau presseur 19 monté de manière à pouvoir être levé ou abaissé, grâce à des moyens d'entraînement et à pivotement libre autour de son axe vertical 8, entraîné à pivotement par la charge lorsqu'il est appliqué sur sa face horizontale supérieure 5. La machine peut comporter, également une pince 20 de saisie du film 1 pouvant être ouverte et fermée et escamotée dans son ensemble, grâce à des moyens d'entraînement, portée par le socle ou la table 6, ou le chariot 14, ou le plateau presseur 19, à laquelle peuvent être associés des moyens de coupe transversale du film 1 et/ou des moyens de solidarisation du film 1 sur lui-même ou la charge 3.The machine may also include, carried by the mast 9 by means of a bracket 18 a pressure plate 19 mounted so as to be able to be raised or lowered, by means of drive means and freely pivoting about its vertical axis 8, driven pivoted by the load when it is applied to its upper horizontal face 5. The machine may also include a gripper 20 for gripping the film 1 which can be opened and closed and retracted as a whole, by means of drive, carried by the base or the table 6, or the carriage 14, or the pressure plate 19, with which may be associated means of transverse cutting of the film 1 and / or means of securing the film 1 on itself or the load 3.

Le mât 9 est déporté pour permettre la localisation de la bobine de film 11. En conséquence (figure 3), la potence 18 est non pas orthogonale (en plan horizontal) au mât 9, comme dans l'état de la technique mais incliné pour rattraper le décalage horizontal transversal entre le plan P du mât 9 et celui parallèle Q de la bobine de film 11. De même, la pince 20 peut être décalée, soit par rapport au mât 9 soit par rapport à la bobine de film 11, soit par rapport aux deux.The mast 9 is offset to allow the location of the film reel 11. Consequently (FIG. 3), the bracket 18 is not orthogonal (in horizontal plane) to the mast 9, as in the state of the art but inclined for make up for the transverse horizontal offset between the plane P of the mast 9 and that parallel Q of the film reel 11. Similarly, the clamp 20 can be offset, either relative to the mast 9 or relative to the film reel 11, or compared to both.

Les paliers support 10 et le rouleau de commande 12 sont localisés à la partie extrême inférieure 21 du mât 9 et plus particulièrement en pied du mât 9, juste à côté, attenant, dans le sens frontal par rapport à la table 6. Cette disposition constructive permet de faire reposer la bobine de film 11 sur le socle du bâti 7 tout en bénéficiant de la retenue du mât 9.The support bearings 10 and the control roller 12 are located at the lower end 21 of the mast 9 and more particularly at the foot of the mast 9, right next to it, adjoining, in the front direction relative to the table 6. This constructive arrangement allows the film reel 11 to rest on the base of the frame 7 while benefiting from the retention of the mast 9.

Le rouleau de commande 12 est situé à proximité des paliers 10 et à un niveau situé en-dessous des paliers 10. Le rouleau de commande 12 est placé au voisinage du plan frontal R du mât 9, et la bobine 11 est placée à l'arrière de celui-ci c'est-à-dire opposée à l'écart de la table 6.The control roller 12 is located near the bearings 10 and at a level below the bearings 10. The control roller 12 is placed in the vicinity of the front plane R of the mast 9, and the coil 11 is placed at the back of it that is to say opposite to the gap of the table 6.

Il peut être prévu un rouleau support 22 de la bobine de film 11, horizontal, placé verticalement en-­dessous des paliers 10, servant de support pour la bobine de film 11 par sa génératrice horizontale inférieure 23. Dans ce cas les paliers supports 10 sont montés à coulissement libre en direction verticale, grâce à des moyens de guidage 24. Cette disposition constructive permet à la génératrice 23 de sortie de la bobine de film 11, de constituer une "référence" constante, ce qui n'est pas possible avec une bobine de film à axe vertical. Cela permet aussi, en agissant sur le rouleau support 22 d'obtenir une amenée du film à vitesse controlée.A support roll 22 for the film reel 11 can be provided, horizontal, placed vertically below the bearings 10, serving as support for the reel of film 11 by its lower horizontal generator 23. In this case the support bearings 10 are mounted to slide freely in the vertical direction, thanks to guide means 24. This constructive arrangement allows the generator 23 to output the film reel 11 , to constitute a constant "reference", which is not possible with a film reel with vertical axis. This also allows, by acting on the support roller 22 to obtain a supply of the film at a controlled speed.

Le film 1 peut être étirable. L'emballage, obtenu par le film 1, peut recouvrir toutes les faces 2 ou seulement une partie. L'emballage peut être mono-couche ou multicouche, de façon régulière ou non. Selon une variante préférentielle de réalisation, non exclusive, on met en oeuvre un film étirable étiré avant application sur la charge 3 au-delà de sa limite élastique. La machine comporte alors des moyens aptes à réaliser cet étirage et le procédé une étape consistant à étirer longitudinalement le film. L'étirage peut être réalisé selon différentes variantes et en particulier, et préférentiellement, par celle connue dans l'état de la technique sous le nom de "pré-étirage" (brevet français 2 281 275). Dans ce cas, on fait passer le film 1, dans la localisaton du rouleau de commande 12 d'une vitesse de défilement amont V1 inférieure à une vitesse de défilement aval V2 supérieure à V1. Puis on transporte le film 1 pré-étiré sur la charge 3 via le rouleau de sortie 16. Eventuellement on réalise aussi un certain surétirage du film 1 après son pré-étirage.Film 1 can be stretchable. The packaging, obtained by the film 1, can cover all the faces 2 or only a part. The packaging can be monolayer or multilayer, regularly or not. According to a non-exclusive preferred embodiment, a stretch film stretched before application to the load 3 is used beyond its elastic limit. The machine then comprises means capable of carrying out this stretching and the method a step consisting in stretching the film longitudinally. The stretching can be carried out according to different variants and in particular, and preferably, by that known in the state of the art under the name of "pre-stretching" (French patent 2,281,275). In this case, the film 1 is passed through, in the location of the control roller 12, with an upstream scrolling speed V1 less than a downstream traveling speed V2 greater than V1. Then the pre-stretched film 1 is transported on the load 3 via the output roller 16. Optionally, a certain over-stretching of the film 1 is also carried out after its pre-stretching.

Pour assurer le changement de direction du film 1 entre la bobine de film 1 et la charge 3, et, plus particulièrement entre le rouleau de commande 12 et le rouleau de sortie 16, on entraîne d'abord le film 1 à défilement vertical, puis sur un rouleau de déviation faisant partie des moyens de changement de direction 17 incliné par rapport à l'horizontale avant d'atteindre le rouleau de sortie 16. Dans le cas où la machine comporte un dispositif de pré-étirage 25 ayant des génératrices aptes à ce que le film soit déplacé de l'entrée à la sortie de ce dispositif d'une vitesse amont de défilement V1 à une vitesse aval de défilement V2 plus grande que V1, toutes les variantes de réalisation de tels dispositifs de pré-­étirage sont applicables. Par exemple, le dispositif de pré-étirage 25 peut être de type non motorisé, l'entraînement étant réalisé par le mouvement du film 1 soi-même ; ou de type motorisé, grâce à un moteur 26. Le dispositif de pré-étirage 25 peut être du type comportant au moins un rouleau amont 27 et un rouleau aval 28 agencés pour que la vitesse circonférentielle du rouleau aval V2 soit plus grande que celle du rouleau amont V1 (figures 1 à 5) ou du type à rouleau unique 29 dont les génératrices 30 sont à vitesse circonférentielle plus grande en aval V2 qu'en amont V1 (figure 6). Le dispositif de pré-étirage 25 axe horizontal est placé dans une localisation fixe, à proximité des paliers 10 et non au voisinage du rouleau de sortie 16 comme c'est généralement le cas dans l'état de la technique. Le rouleau de commande 12 peut faire partie du dispositif de pré-étirage 25. Par exemple, la génératrice 13 est la génératrice aval du dispositif de pré-étirage 25. Le rouleau support 22 peut également faire partie du dispositif de pré-étirage 25. Par exemple, le rouleau support 22 définit la génératrice amont du dispositif de pré-étirage 25. Ainsi (figures 2 à 4) avec un dispositif de pré-étirage 25 à deux rouleaux amont 27 et aval 28, motorisé grâce à un moteur 26, le rouleau amont 27 constitue le rouleau support 22 et le rouleau aval 28 constitue le rouleau de commande 12.To ensure the change of direction of the film 1 between the film reel 1 and the load 3, and more particularly between the control roller 12 and the output roller 16, the film 1 is first driven vertical scrolling, then on a deflection roller forming part of the direction change means 17 inclined relative to the horizontal before reaching the output roller 16. In the case where the machine comprises a pre-stretching device 25 having generators capable of moving the film from the input to the output of this device from an upstream travel speed V1 to a downstream travel speed V2 greater than V1, all the variants of such pre-production devices - stretching are applicable. For example, the pre-stretching device 25 can be of the non-motorized type, the drive being carried out by the movement of the film 1 itself; or of the motorized type, thanks to a motor 26. The pre-stretching device 25 can be of the type comprising at least one upstream roller 27 and a downstream roller 28 arranged so that the circumferential speed of the downstream roller V2 is greater than that of the upstream roller V1 (FIGS. 1 to 5) or of the single roller type 29 whose generators 30 are at greater circumferential speed downstream V2 than upstream V1 (FIG. 6). The horizontal axis pre-stretching device 25 is placed in a fixed location, near the bearings 10 and not in the vicinity of the output roller 16 as is generally the case in the prior art. The control roller 12 can be part of the pre-stretching device 25. For example, the generator 13 is the downstream generator of the pre-stretching device 25. The support roller 22 can also be part of the pre-stretching device 25. For example, the support roller 22 defines the upstream generator of the pre-stretching device 25. Thus (FIGS. 2 to 4) with a pre-stretching device 25 with two upstream 27 and downstream 28 rollers, motorized by a motor 26, the upstream roller 27 constitutes the support roller 22 and the downstream roller 28 constitutes the control roller 12.

On se réfère maintenant aux figures 5A à 5C qui illustrent une variante d'un dispositif de pré-étirage 25 à deux rouleaux 27 et 28. La machine comporte également en premier lieu un rouleau 31 de mise en place du film 1 dans le dispositif de pré-étirage 25 monté à pivotement libre sur des paliers 32 définissant un axe horizontal 31a, les dits paliers 32 étant montés mobiles entre deux positions extrêmes où ils peuvent être bloqués à savoir une position d'engagement où le rouleau de mise en place 31 est placé entre les rouleaux de pré-étirage amont 27 et aval 28 de manière que le film 1 soit appliqué sur les rouleaux de pré-étirage 27, 28 et le rouleau de mise en place 31 qui le dévie entre eux deux et une position escamotée où le rouleau de mise en place 31 est écarté des rouleaux de pré-­étirage amont 27 et aval 28 et du film 1 passant entre eux sans le dévier. La machine comporte en deuxième lieu, des moyens 33 supports et de guidage des paliers 32 du rouleau 31 entre ces deux positions. Et, en troisième lieu, des moyens de manoeuvre des paliers 32 permettant de les déplacer de l'une à l'autre de leurs positions. Par exemple, le rouleau 31 est porté à l'extrêmité de biellettes 33 portées pivotantes à leurs autres extrêmités sur des éléments attenant au bâti 7. Et un moteur ou vérin 34 permet la manoeuvre sélective des biellettes 33.Reference is now made to FIGS. 5A to 5C which illustrate a variant of a pre-stretching device 25 with two rollers 27 and 28. The machine also firstly comprises a roll 31 for placing the film 1 in the device pre-stretch 25 mounted with free pivoting on bearings 32 defining a horizontal axis 31a, said bearings 32 being mounted movable between two extreme positions where they can be blocked, namely an engagement position where the positioning roller 31 is placed between the upstream 27 and downstream pre-stretching rollers 28 so that the film 1 is applied to the pre-stretching rollers 27, 28 and the positioning roller 31 which deflects it between them and a retracted position where the positioning roller 31 is spaced from the upstream pre-stretching rollers 27 and downstream 28 and from the film 1 passing between them without deflecting it. The machine secondly comprises means 33 for supporting and guiding the bearings 32 of the roller 31 between these two positions. And, thirdly, means for operating the bearings 32 making it possible to move them from one to the other of their positions. For example, the roller 31 is carried at the end of the rods 33 pivotally carried at their other ends on elements adjoining the frame 7. And a motor or jack 34 enables the selective operation of the rods 33.

Le fonctionnement est alors le suivant : En cas de changement de bobine de film 11 ou encore en cas de rupture du film 1, la bobine de film 11 et le rouleau support 22 sont entraînés de façon que la partie extrême initiale 35 du film 1 puisse être tirée d'entre eux deux vers l'arrière (à l'opposé de la table 6 et cela sur une longueur suffisante). Le rouleau de mise en place 31 est en position escamotée à un niveau inférieur aux deux rouleaux de pré-­ étirage 27, 28 (figure 5A). En gardant le rouleau de mise en place 31 dans cette position escamotée, on met en place le film 1 sur les autres rouleaux de la machine à savoir 22 ou 27, 12 ou 28, 17, 16, en effectuant un pivotement du film 1 de 180° environ vers l'avant, puis vers le haut (figure 5B). Enfin on fait passer le rouleau de mise en place 31 de sa position escamotée à sa position d'engagement (figure 5C), par un pivotement de l'axe 31a du rouleau 31 d'environ un quart de tour vers l'arrière et vers le haut. Une fois le rouleau 31 dans cette position, le film 1 est dévié jusqu'à avoir un profil en V renversé ce qui a pour effet d'appliquer le film sur une partie substantielle de la périphérie des rouleaux de pré-étirage 27 et 28.The operation is then as follows: If the film reel 11 is changed or the film 1 is broken, the film reel 11 and the support roller 22 are driven so that the initial end portion 35 of the film 1 can be pulled between them two backwards (opposite table 6 and this over a sufficient length). The positioning roller 31 is in the retracted position at a level lower than the two pre-rollers. stretching 27, 28 (FIG. 5A). Keeping the positioning roller 31 in this retracted position, the film 1 is placed on the other rollers of the machine, namely 22 or 27, 12 or 28, 17, 16, by pivoting the film 1 Approximately 180 ° forward, then upward (Figure 5B). Finally, the positioning roller 31 is passed from its retracted position to its engagement position (FIG. 5C), by pivoting the axis 31a of the roller 31 about a quarter of a turn backwards and towards the top. Once the roller 31 is in this position, the film 1 is deflected until it has an inverted V profile, which has the effect of applying the film to a substantial part of the periphery of the pre-stretching rollers 27 and 28.

On se réfère maintenant à la figure 6 sur laquelle est représentée une machine ayant un rouleau unique de pré-­étirage 29 faisant fonction de rouleau support 22 de bobine 11.Reference is now made to FIG. 6 in which is shown a machine having a single pre-stretching roller 29 acting as a support roller 22 for reel 11.

La machine peut comporter également un rouleau frontal de renvoi 36, d'axe 36a horizontal fixe, placé substantiellement, verticalement, et en-dessous du chariot 14, situé dans la localisation des paliers 10 en aval du dispositif de pré-étirage 25 et/ou du rouleau support 22. Dans le cas de la variante des figures 1 à 5, le rouleau de renvoi 36 est constitué par le rouleau aval 28 du dispositif de pré-étirage 25 à deux rouleaux amont 27 et aval 28. Dans le cas de la variante de la figure 6, le rouleau de renvoi 36 est constitué par un rouleau supplémentaire à celui 29 unique de pré-étirage.The machine may also include a front deflection roller 36, with a fixed horizontal axis 36a, placed substantially vertically, and below the carriage 14, located in the location of the bearings 10 downstream of the pre-stretching device 25 and / or the support roller 22. In the case of the variant of FIGS. 1 to 5, the deflection roller 36 is constituted by the downstream roller 28 of the pre-stretching device 25 with two upstream rollers 27 and downstream 28. In the case of in the variant of FIG. 6, the deflection roller 36 is constituted by a roller additional to that 29 single for pre-stretching.

Les paliers 10, le dispositif de pré-étirage 25, le rouleau support 22, le rouleau de renvoi 36 sont portés par deux joues verticales fixes 37. Ces deux joues 37 sont portées par le bâti 7 et placés latéralement à côté du mât 9.The bearings 10, the pre-stretching device 25, the support roller 22, the deflection roller 36 are carried by two fixed vertical cheeks 37. These two cheeks 37 are carried by the frame 7 and placed laterally next to the mast 9.

Le chariot 14 supporte essentiellement le rouleau de sortie 16 et les moyens associés ainsi que les moyens 17 de changement de direction du film 1, à l'exclusion des paliers 10, de la bobine de film 11 elle-même, du dispositif de pré-étirage 25, du rouleau support 22, du rouleau de renvoi 36.The carriage 14 essentially supports the output roller 16 and the associated means as well as the means 17 for changing the direction of the film 1, with the exception of the bearings 10, of the film reel 11 itself, of the pre- drawing 25, of the support roller 22, of the deflection roller 36.

Les moyens 17 de changement de direction de film comprennent une surface d'appui 38 portée fixement par le chariot 14, inclinée sur la verticale, sur laquelle glisse le film 1 en défilement, sans frottement substantiel. La surface d'appui 38 comporte des perforations 39 auxquelles sont associés des moyens 40 générant ou propulsant un gaz comprimé sortant par les perforations 39 et aptes à écarter ou tendre d'écarter le film 1 de la surface d'appui 38 en vue de diminuer le frottement. La surface d'appui 38 est placée substantiellement verticalement à l'aplomb et au-­dessus du rouleau de renvoi 36. La surface 38 est placée substantiellement à côté, en sens horizontal, du rouleau de sortie 16. L'axe 16a du rouleau 16 est placé dans ou à proximité immédiat du plan vertical passant par la surface d'appui 38. La surface d'appui est constituée par un secteur cylindrique d'un tube fixe d'appui. La surface d'appui 38 est inclinée sur la verticale à 45° ou proche de 45°.The means 17 for changing the direction of the film comprise a bearing surface 38 fixedly carried by the carriage 14, inclined to the vertical, on which the film 1 slides while running, without substantial friction. The support surface 38 includes perforations 39 with which are associated means 40 generating or propelling a compressed gas exiting through the perforations 39 and able to spread or tend to spread the film 1 from the support surface 38 in order to reduce friction. The bearing surface 38 is placed substantially vertically vertically and above the deflection roller 36. The surface 38 is placed substantially adjacent, in a horizontal direction, to the output roller 16. The axis 16a of the roller 16 is placed in or in the immediate vicinity of the vertical plane passing through the support surface 38. The support surface consists of a cylindrical sector of a fixed support tube. The bearing surface 38 is inclined to the vertical at 45 ° or close to 45 °.

Le chariot 14 comporte au moins une platine horizontale 41 s'étendant en sens transversal du mât 9 jusqu'à la joue 37. Le tube 38 est par exemple fixé entre les deux platines 41 écartées verticalement et en regard l'une de l'autre. Les moyens 40 comportent par exemple un raccord pour une amenée d'air comprimé fixé à une des platines 41, en communication avec un trou de la platine 41 communiquant avec le canal du tube définissant la surface d'appui 38. La surface d'appui 38 est inclinée de manière que son extrêmité supérieure 42 soit la plus proche du rouleau de sortie 16 tandis que l'extrêmité inférieure 43 soit au contraire la plus éloignée.The carriage 14 comprises at least one horizontal plate 41 extending in transverse direction from the mast 9 to the cheek 37. The tube 38 is for example fixed between the two plates 41 spaced apart vertically and facing each other one from the other. The means 40 comprise for example a connector for a supply of compressed air fixed to one of the plates 41, in communication with a hole in the plate 41 communicating with the channel of the tube defining the bearing surface 38. The bearing surface 38 is inclined so that its upper end 42 is closest to the output roller 16 while the lower end 43 is on the contrary the farthest.

Le film 1 venant du rouleau de renvoi 36 arrive verticalement, parallèlement au plan R en 44. Puis, le film passe sur la surface d'appui 38 inclinée à 45° par rapport à la direction longitudinale d'avancement du film 1. Après un demi-tour environ la surface d'appui 38 en 45, le film repart en direction horizontale, parallèlement au plan R en 46 en direction du rouleau de commande 16. Le film arrive alors sur le rouleau de sortie 16 en 47 puis après une fraction de tour autour de l'axe 16a le film repart en 48 pour aller vers la charge 3.The film 1 coming from the deflection roller 36 arrives vertically, parallel to the plane R at 44. Then, the film passes over the bearing surface 38 inclined at 45 ° relative to the longitudinal direction of advancement of the film 1. After a about U-turn around the support surface 38 at 45, the film starts again in the horizontal direction, parallel to the plane R at 46 towards the control roller 16. The film then arrives on the output roller 16 at 47 then after a fraction of turn around the axis 16a the film starts again at 48 to go towards the load 3.

Claims (17)

1. Procédé pour déposer une bande de film (1) de façon hélicoïdale sur les faces verticales (2) d'une charge (3) telle qu'une charge palettisée dans lequel :
- on amène la charge (3) sur une table (6) ;
- on fait passer le film (1) provenant d'une bobine de film (11) sur un rouleau (12) commandant le débit du film (1) et un rouleau de sortie (16) à axe vertical (16a);
- puis, on solidarise la partie extrême libre initiale du film (1) à la charge ;
- puis on entraine la table (6), donc la charge (3), à rotation autour de son axe vertical (8) ;
- et on entraîne le rouleau de sortie (16) verticalement vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure en relation avec la rotation de la table (6) afin de réaliser un banderolage hélicoïdal de la charge (3) avec le film (1) ;
- puis une fois le banderolage terminé, on coupe transversalement le film (11) au voisinage de la charge (3) et on solidarise la partie extrême libre terminale du film (1) à la charge (3) ou au film (1) banderolé,
caractérisé en ce que pendant le banderolage on maintient la bobine de film (1) et le rouleau de commande (12) dans une localisation fixe et avec leurs axes (11a, 12a) horizontaux parallèles ; et on agit sur le film pour successivement et dans cet ordre, à partir de la bobine de film, le faire passer sur le rouleau de commande (12), le faire changer de direction, en continu, pour faire passer sa direction transversale T de l'état horizontal en sortie du rouleau (12) à l'état vertical à l'entrée du rouleau (16), le faire passer sur le rouleau (16).1. Method for depositing a film strip (1) helically on the vertical faces (2) of a load (3) such as a palletized load in which:
- the load (3) is brought to a table (6);
- passing the film (1) from a film reel (11) on a roller (12) controlling the flow of the film (1) and an output roller (16) with vertical axis (16a);
- Then, the initial free end portion of the film (1) is secured to the load;
- Then the table (6) is driven, therefore the load (3), in rotation about its vertical axis (8);
- And the output roller (16) is driven vertically upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions in relation to the rotation of the table (6) in order to achieve a helical wrapping of the load (3) with the film (1);
- then once the wrapping is finished, the film (11) is cut transversely in the vicinity of the load (3) and the end free end portion of the film (1) is secured to the load (3) or to the wrapped film (1) ,
characterized in that during the wrapping the film reel (1) and the control roller (12) are kept in a fixed location and with their parallel horizontal axes (11a, 12a); and we act on the film for successively and in this order, from the film reel, pass it over the control roller (12), change it direction, continuously, to change its transverse direction T from the horizontal state at the outlet of the roller (12) in the vertical state at the inlet of the roller (16), pass it over the roller (16). 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en oeuvre un film (1) étirable ; on fait passer le film (1), dans la localisation du rouleau de commande (12) d'une vitesse de défilement amont V1 inférieure à une vitesse de défilement aval V2 supérieure de manière à réaliser un pré-étirage du film (1) au-delà de sa limite élastique et on transporte le film (1) pré-étiré sur la charge (3) via le rouleau (16).2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that a stretchable film (1) is used; the film (1) is passed, in the location of the control roller (12), from an upstream traveling speed V1 to a lower downstream traveling speed V2 so as to pre-stretch the film (1) at beyond its elastic limit and the film (1) is pre-stretched on the load (3) via the roller (16). 3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'on place la localisation de la bobine de film (11) et du rouleau à vitesse commandée (12) à proximité de la table (6).3. Method according to claim 1 characterized in that the location of the film reel (11) and the speed-controlled roller (12) is placed near the table (6). 4. Machine pour déposer une bande de film (1) de façon hélicoïdale sur les faces verticales (2) d'une charge (3) telle qu'une charge palettisée, du type comprenant :
- un bâti fixe (7) ;
- une table (6) de réception de la charge (3) portée par le bâti (7), montée à pivotement autour de son axe (8) vertical de manière à pouvoir sélectivement être bloquée en rotation ou entraînée en rotation grâce à des moyens d'entrainement et de blocage et des moyens de commande ;
- un mât vertical (9), fixe, porté par le bâti (7), formant support ;
- des paliers (10) supports d'une bobine (11) de film, portés par le bâti (7) ;
- un rouleau (12) commandant le débit de film (1);
- un chariot (14) monté à coulissement sur le mât (9) en direction verticale vers le haut et vers le bas entre deux positions extrêmes supérieure et inférieure entraînés à coulissement par des moyens d'entrainement (15) associés à des moyens de commande associés aux moyens de commande de la table (6) ; et
- un rouleau de sortie (16), à axe vertical (16a), porté par le chariot (14),
caractérisée en ce que les paliers supports (10) et le rouleau de commande (12) sont d'axes (11a, 12a) horizontaux et parallèles et situés dans une localisation fixe du mât (9), indépendamment du chariot (14) ; et le chariot (14) supporte également des moyens (17) de changement de direction du film (1), en continu, entre la sortie du rouleau de commande (12) et l'entrée du rouleau de sortie (16).4. Machine for depositing a film strip (1) helically on the vertical faces (2) of a load (3) such as a palletized load, of the type comprising:
- a fixed frame (7);
- a table (6) for receiving the load (3) carried by the frame (7), pivotally mounted about its vertical axis (8) so as to be able to be selectively locked in rotation or driven in rotation by means drive and blocking and control means;
- a vertical mast (9), fixed, carried by the frame (7), forming a support;
- Bearings (10) supporting a reel (11) of film, carried by the frame (7);
- a roller (12) controlling the flow of film (1);
- a carriage (14) slidably mounted on the mast (9) in vertical direction upwards and downwards between two upper and lower extreme positions driven to slide by drive means (15) associated with control means associated with the control means of the table (6); and
- an output roller (16), with vertical axis (16a), carried by the carriage (14),
characterized in that the support bearings (10) and the control roller (12) are of axes (11a, 12a) horizontal and parallel and located in a fixed location of the mast (9), independently of the carriage (14); and the carriage (14) also supports means (17) for changing the direction of the film (1), continuously, between the outlet of the control roller (12) and the inlet of the outlet roller (16). 5. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, également, porté par le mât (9) grâce à une potence (18) un plateau presseur (19) monté de manière à pouvoir être levé ou abaissé, grâce à des moyens d'entraînement et à pivotement libre autour de son axe vertical (8), entraîné à pivotement par la charge lorsqu'il est appliqué sur sa face horizontale supérieure (5).5. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it also comprises, carried by the mast (9) by means of a bracket (18) a pressure plate (19) mounted so as to be able to be raised or lowered, thanks to drive means and freely pivoting about its vertical axis (8), pivotally driven by the load when applied to its upper horizontal face (5). 6. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, également, une pince (20) de saisie du film (1) pouvant être ouverte et fermée et escamotée dans son ensemble, grâce à des moyens d'entrainement, portée par le socle ou la table (6), ou le chariot (14), ou le plateau presseur (19) ; et associés à la pince des moyens de coupe transversale du film (1) et des moyens de solidarisation du film (1) sur lui-même ou la charge (3).6. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it also comprises a clamp (20) for gripping the film (1) which can be opened and closed and retracted as a whole, by means of drive, carried by the base or the table (6), or the carriage (14), or the pressure plate (19); and associated with the clamp, means for transversely cutting the film (1) and means for securing the film (1) to itself or to the load (3). 7. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les paliers supports (10) de la bobine de film (11) et le rouleau de commande (12) sont localisés à la partie extrême inférieure (21) du mât (9).7. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the support bearings (10) of the film reel (11) and the control roller (12) are located at the lower end (21) of the mast (9). 8. Machine selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau de commande (12) est situé à un niveau en-dessous de celui des paliers (10).8. Machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the control roller (12) is located at a level below that of the bearings (10). 9. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau de commande (12) est situé à proximité des paliers (10).9. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the control roller (12) is located near the bearings (10). 10. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un rouleau support (22) de la bobine de film (11), horizontal, placé verticalement en-dessous des paliers (10), servant de support pour la bobine de film (11) par sa génératrice horizontale inférieure (23) ; les paliers supports (10) étant montés à coulissement libre en direction verticale, grâce à des moyens de guidage (24).10. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a support roller (22) of the film reel (11), horizontal, placed vertically below the bearings (10), serving as support for the reel of film (11) by its lower horizontal generator (23); the support bearings (10) being mounted to slide freely in the vertical direction, by means of guide means (24). 11. Machine selon la revendication 4, destinée à être mise en oeuvre avec un film étirable, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, également, un dispositif de pré-­étirage (25) du film (1) ayant des génératrices aptes à ce que le film soit déplacé de l'entrée à la sortie du dispositif de pré-étirage (25) d'une vitesse amont de défilement V1 à une vitesse aval de défilement V2 plus grande que la vitesse amont V1, placé dans une localisation fixe, à proximité des paliers (10), et d'axe horizontal.11. Machine according to claim 4, intended to be used with a stretch film, characterized in that it also comprises a device for pre-stretching (25) the film (1) having generators capable of ensuring that the film is moved from the input to the output of the pre-stretching device (25) from an upstream travel speed V1 to a downstream travel speed V2 greater than the upstream speed V1, placed in a fixed location, at near the bearings (10), and horizontal axis. 12. Machine selon la revendication 11, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau de commande (12) fait partie du dispositif de pré-étirage (25).12. Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the control roller (12) is part of the pre-stretching device (25). 13. Machine selon les revendications 10 et 11, caractérisée en ce que le rouleau support (22) de bobine (11) fait partie du dispositif de pré-étirage (25).13. Machine according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the support roller (22) of coil (11) is part of the pre-stretching device (25). 14. Machine selon les revendications 4 et 11, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte également en premier lieu un rouleau (31) de mise en place du film (1) dans le dispositif de pré-étirage (25) à deux rouleaux de pré-­étirage amont (27) et aval (28), ce rouleau (31) de mise en place étant monté à pivotement libre sur des paliers (32) définissant un axe horizontal (31a), les dits paliers (32) étant montés mobiles entre deux positions extrêmes où ils peuvent être bloqués à savoir une position d'engagement où le rouleau de mise en place (31) est placé entre les rouleaux de pré-étirage amont (27) et aval (28) de manière que le film (1) soit appliqué sur les rouleaux de pré-­étirage (27, 28) et le rouleau de mise en place (31) qui le dévie entre eux deux et une position escamotée où le rouleau de mise en place (31) est écarté des rouleaux de pré-étirage amont (27) et aval (28) et du film (1) passant entre eux sans le dévier ; en deuxième lieu, des moyens (33) supports et de guidage des paliers (32) du rouleau (31) de mise en place entre ces deux positions ; et, en troisième lieu, des moyens de manoeuvre des paliers (32) permettant de les déplacer de l'une à l'autre de leurs positions.14. Machine according to claims 4 and 11, characterized in that it also firstly comprises a roll (31) for placing the film (1) in the pre-stretching device (25) with two pre rolls - upstream (27) and downstream (28) drawing, this positioning roller (31) being mounted with free pivoting on bearings (32) defining a horizontal axis (31a), said bearings (32) being mounted movable between two extreme positions where they can be locked, namely an engagement position where the positioning roller (31) is placed between the upstream (27) and downstream (28) pre-stretching rolls so that the film (1 ) is applied to the pre-stretching rollers (27, 28) and the positioning roller (31) which deflects it between them and a retracted position where the positioning roller (31) is separated from the rollers upstream (27) and downstream (28) pre-stretching and of the film (1) passing between them without deflecting it; secondly, means (33) for supporting and guiding the bearings (32) of the roll (31) for positioning between these two positions; and, thirdly, means for operating the bearings (32) making it possible to move them from one to the other of their positions. 15. Machine selon les revendications 4, 10, 11, caractérisée en ce que le chariot (14) supporte essentiellement le rouleau de renvoi (16) et les moyens associés ainsi que les moyens (17) de changement de direction du film (1), à l'exclusion des paliers (10), de la bobine de film (11), du dispositif de pré-étirage (25), du rouleau support (22) de bobine de film (11).15. Machine according to claims 4, 10, 11, characterized in that the carriage (14) essentially supports the deflection roller (16) and the associated means as well as the means (17) for changing the direction of the film (1) , excluding the bearings (10), the film reel (11), the pre-stretching device (25), the film reel support roller (22) (11). 16. Machine selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les moyens (17) de changement de direction de film comprennent une surface d'appui (38) sans frottement substantiel portée fixement par le chariot (14), inclinée sur la verticale avec un angle de 45° ou proche de 45°, sur laquelle glisse le film (1) en défilement.16. Machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the means (17) for changing direction of film include a bearing surface (38) without substantial friction fixedly carried by the carriage (14), inclined to the vertical with an angle of 45 ° or close to 45 °, on which the film (1) slides while scrolling. 17. Machine selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que la surface d'appui (38) comporte des perforations (39) auxquelles sont associés des moyens (40) générant un gaz comprimé sortant par les perforations (39) et aptes à écarter ou tendre d'écarter le film (1) de la surface d'appui (38) en vue de diminuer le frottement.17. Machine according to claim 16, characterized in that the bearing surface (38) comprises perforations (39) with which are associated means (40) generating a compressed gas exiting through the perforations (39) and capable of spreading or tend to move the film (1) away from the bearing surface (38) in order to reduce friction.
EP90402071A 1989-08-02 1990-07-18 Method and machine for helically depositing a film web on the vertical sides of a palettized load Withdrawn EP0411982A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8910436A FR2650555B1 (en) 1989-08-02 1989-08-02 METHOD AND MACHINE FOR LAYING A HELICOIDAL FILM STRIP ON THE VERTICAL FACES OF A PALLETIZED LOAD
FR8910436 1989-08-02

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EP0411982A1 true EP0411982A1 (en) 1991-02-06

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EP (1) EP0411982A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2022536C (en)
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CA2022536A1 (en) 1991-02-03
CA2022536C (en) 1997-03-25
US5040358A (en) 1991-08-20
FR2650555A1 (en) 1991-02-08
FR2650555B1 (en) 1991-12-13

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