EP0410902B1 - Low tension circuit-breaker for high currents with multiple contacts - Google Patents

Low tension circuit-breaker for high currents with multiple contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0410902B1
EP0410902B1 EP90420333A EP90420333A EP0410902B1 EP 0410902 B1 EP0410902 B1 EP 0410902B1 EP 90420333 A EP90420333 A EP 90420333A EP 90420333 A EP90420333 A EP 90420333A EP 0410902 B1 EP0410902 B1 EP 0410902B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
arcing
stationary
circuit breaker
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90420333A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0410902A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Morel
Marc Rival
Hubert Garcia
Pierre Miguet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
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Publication date
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
    • H01H9/383—Arcing contact pivots relative to the movable contact assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/22—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact
    • H01H1/221—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member
    • H01H1/226—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with rigid pivoted member carrying the moving contact and a contact pressure spring acting between the pivoted member and a supporting member having a plurality of parallel contact bars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H2009/305—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts including means for screening for arc gases as protection of mechanism against hot arc gases or for keeping arc gases in the arc chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/18—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc

Definitions

  • a known circuit breaker of the kind mentioned is described in documents EP-A-206 882 and FR-A-2,589,624, which allow breaking of short-circuit currents of very high intensities.
  • the arc is prevented from returning to the arc formation zone by virtue of the presence of the rim on the fixed arc guide horn.
  • Separable contacts act as both main contacts and arcing contacts. Tests have shown a certain stagnation of the arc causing premature erosion of the contacts depending on the type of fault, especially in the presence of direct currents.
  • the central contact finger exclusively carries the movable arcing contact, and has a length greater than that of the juxtaposed contact fingers supporting the movable main contacts.
  • the arcing contacts are permanently closed in the closed position of the circuit breaker.
  • the arrangement of two types of contact fingers complicates the production of each pole of the circuit breaker.
  • a tilting movable contact finger comprises an arcing contact and a main contact cooperating with a fixed contact part.
  • the main contacts close after and open before the arcing contacts.
  • Such a circuit breaker has limited electrical endurance given the distance of the arcing contacts from the extinguishing chamber.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the electrical endurance of a low voltage circuit breaker with high currents.
  • Presence of arcing contacts prevents erosion of main contacts, while bringing the arc closer to the rim accelerates arc migration along the guide horn, and reduces erosion of arcing contacts. This results in better electrical endurance of the circuit breaker, regardless of the type of fault, and the nature of the current.
  • the thermal action of the arc on the side walls of the insulating housing can be avoided when the fixed arcing contact is arranged to center the arc relative to the median plane of the pole.
  • the fixed main contact and the fixed arcing contact consist of two parallel plates extending transversely with respect to the contact fingers, the plate of the fixed arcing contact being shorter than that of the fixed main contact.
  • the contact fingers are pivotally mounted on a first transverse axis inside a support cage, and the cage of insulating material can switch between the open positions and closing around a second articulation axis by the action of the mechanism, the assembly being arranged to cause reverse rotational movements of the cage and the contact fingers when the arcing contacts are closed.
  • a pole 10 of a low-voltage, high-intensity non-limiting circuit breaker in particular greater than 1000 A, is housed in a compartment 12 of a molded insulating case 14, containing a separable contact device 16 , and an arc extinguishing chamber 18.
  • a pole 10 of a low-voltage, high-intensity non-limiting circuit breaker in particular greater than 1000 A, is housed in a compartment 12 of a molded insulating case 14, containing a separable contact device 16 , and an arc extinguishing chamber 18.
  • the structure of such a pole is described in detail in the aforementioned French patent FR-A-2,589,624.
  • the arc extinguishing chamber 18 is equipped with a stack of metal sheets, framed by a pair of lower 20 and upper 22 arc conductive horns.
  • the fixed arc horn 20 is made of steel and extends between a conductive part 23 attached to the pad 26 and the chamber 18 of which it constitutes one of the end sheets.
  • the separable contact device 16 comprises a fixed main contact 24 carried directly by a first connection pad 26 passing through the base of the insulating housing 14.
  • the lower arc horn 20 is fixed to the part 23 of the pad 26 and to the base of the housing 14 by fixing means 28, 30.
  • the movable contact assembly 32 is provided with a plurality of contact fingers 34 in parallel pivotally mounted on a first transverse axis 36 inside a support cage 38 of insulating material. All the contact fingers 34 have an identical length.
  • the fixed main contact 24 extends transversely to all of the contact fingers 34 in a direction parallel to the first axis 36.
  • each contact finger 34 is connected by a flexible conductor, in particular a braid 40 to a second connection pad 42 which crosses the base of the housing 14 extending parallel to the first pad 26.
  • the cage 38 is coupled to the switching bar of the mechanism (not shown) by a transmission link 44.
  • the internal portion of the second area 42 is surrounded by a current sensor 46 electrically connected to the trigger of the mechanism.
  • the end of the cage 38 located above the second range 42 is equipped with a second axis 48 housed in a fixed bearing 50, to allow the pivoting of the cage 38 following the rotation of the bar between the positions of opening and closing of the pole 10.
  • a spring device 52 for contact pressure is positioned in a notch 54 of the cage 38, and biases the contact fingers 34 in pivoting around the first axis 36 anticlockwise.
  • Each contact finger 34 is provided with a contact piece, hereinafter called mobile main contact 56 cooperating in the closed position with the fixed main contact 24.
  • the first transverse pin 36 is located between the mobile main contacts 56 and the braids 40.
  • each contact finger 34 has a front extension 58 projecting from the cage 38, and capable of moving along a rim 60 or boss of the lower bow horn. 20.
  • each contact finger 34 is shaped as an arc horn having a movable arcing contact 62 intended to cooperate with a fixed arcing contact 64 located near the rim 60 of the arcing horn 20.
  • the fixed arcing contact 64 is fixed on the intermediate piece 23, and is in electrical connection with the horn 20, and the pad 26, being arranged between the flange 60 and the fixed main contact 24 .
  • the width of the fixed arcing contact 64 is less than that of the plate of the fixed main contact 24. This results in an absence of contact of the movable arcing contacts 62 of the fingers 34 of the ends with the fixed arcing contact 64 (see fig. 4) when opening the pole.
  • pole 10 The operation of pole 10 is as follows:
  • the link 44 acts on the cage 38 in the direction of the arrow F, (fig.3), simultaneously causing the cage 38 to tilt clockwise around the second axis 48, and the reverse pivoting of the contact fingers 34 around the first axis 36.
  • the fugitive closing of the arcing contacts 62, 64 takes place before the separation of the main contacts 24, 56, which takes place without an arc. In this intermediate position, all the current then passes through the arcing contacts 62, 64 thanks to this temporary contact zone located very close to the rim 60 of the horn 20.
  • the presence of the arcing contacts 62, 64 prevents the erosion of the main contacts 24, 56.
  • the bringing together of the arcing at the rim 60 accelerates the migration of the arcing along the guide horn 20, and improves then the development of the arc towards the chamber 18 with a view to rapid extinction.
  • the arrangement of the flange 60 in the vicinity of the arcing zone and along the direction of movement of the contact fingers 34 reduces the erosion of the arcing contacts 62, 64, and contributes to reducing the travel time. from the arch to chamber 18.
  • the narrowed dimensioning in length of the conductive plate constituting the common fixed arcing contact 64 makes it possible to obtain a centering of the arc relative to the median plane of the chamber 18, in order to save wear on the side walls of the housing 14 insulator due to the thermal action of the arc. This results in a significant improvement in the electrical endurance of the non-limiting circuit breaker, which is capable of interrupting any type of current, in particular short-circuit alternating currents, or direct currents of low intensity.
  • the fixed arcing contact 64 could be fixed directly on the arcing horn 10.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

L'invention est relative à un disjoncteur multipolaire basse tension pour intensités élevées, logé dans un boîtier isolant moulé, et comportant par pôle:

  • une pluralité de doigts de contact mobiles de mêmes longueurs s'étendant parallèlement à faible écartement les uns des autres en étant déplacés ensemble par un mécanisme entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture,
  • un contact principal fixe coopérant en position de fermeture avec un contact principal mobile de chaque doigt de contact,
  • une paire de plages de raccordement en liaison électrique avec le contact principal fixe et les doigts de contacts,
  • une chambre d'extinction d'arc ayant un empilage de tôles métalliques de désionisation encadré par une paire de cornes conductrices de guidage et de migration de l'arc, l'une des cornes fixes étant en liaison électrique avec le contact principal fixe, et présentant un rebord intermédiaire s'étendant sur une courte distance dans la direction de déplacement des extensions frontales des doigts de contact pour limiter l'allongement de l'arc pendant la phase initiale de séparation.
The invention relates to a low-voltage multipolar circuit breaker for high intensities, housed in a molded insulating housing, and comprising by pole:
  • a plurality of movable contact fingers of the same lengths extending parallel to each other at a slight distance from each other while being moved together by a mechanism between a closed position and an open position,
  • a fixed main contact cooperating in the closed position with a mobile main contact of each contact finger,
  • a pair of connection pads in electrical connection with the main fixed contact and the contact fingers,
  • an arc extinguishing chamber having a stack of metal sheets of deionization framed by a pair of conductive horns for guiding and migrating the arc, one of the fixed horns being in electrical connection with the fixed main contact, and having an intermediate rim extending over a short distance in the direction of movement of the frontal extensions of the contact fingers to limit the elongation of the arc during the initial separation phase.

Un disjoncteur connu du genre mentionné est décrit dans les documents EP-A- 206 882 et FR-A-2.589.624, lesquelles permettent la coupure de courants de court-circuit de très fortes intensités. L'arc est empêché de revenir dans la zone de formation d'arc grâce à la présence du rebord sur la corne fixe de guidage d'arc. Les contacts séparables jouent à la fois le rôle de contacts principaux et de contacts d'arc. Des essais ont permis de constater une certaine stagnation de l'arc provoquant une érosion prématurée des contacts selon le type de défaut, notamment en présence de courants continus.A known circuit breaker of the kind mentioned is described in documents EP-A-206 882 and FR-A-2,589,624, which allow breaking of short-circuit currents of very high intensities. The arc is prevented from returning to the arc formation zone by virtue of the presence of the rim on the fixed arc guide horn. Separable contacts act as both main contacts and arcing contacts. Tests have shown a certain stagnation of the arc causing premature erosion of the contacts depending on the type of fault, especially in the presence of direct currents.

Dans le disjoncteur du document US-A-4.295.022, le doigt de contact central porte exclusivement le contact d'arc mobile, et possède une longueur supérieure à celle des doigts de contact juxtaposés de support des contacts principaux mobiles. Les contacts d'arc sont fermés en permanence en position de fermeture du disjoncteur. L'agencement de deux types de doigts de contact complique la réalisation de chaque pôle du disjoncteur.In the circuit breaker of document US-A-4,295,022, the central contact finger exclusively carries the movable arcing contact, and has a length greater than that of the juxtaposed contact fingers supporting the movable main contacts. The arcing contacts are permanently closed in the closed position of the circuit breaker. The arrangement of two types of contact fingers complicates the production of each pole of the circuit breaker.

Dans le document BE-A-414.109, un doigt de contact mobile basculant comporte un contact d'arc et un contact principal coopérant avec une pièce de contact fixe. Les contacts principaux se ferment après et s'ouvrent avant les contacts d'arc. Un tel disjoncteur présente une endurance électrique limitée étant donné l'éloignement des contacts d'arc par rapport à la chambre d'extinction.In document BE-A-414.109, a tilting movable contact finger comprises an arcing contact and a main contact cooperating with a fixed contact part. The main contacts close after and open before the arcing contacts. Such a circuit breaker has limited electrical endurance given the distance of the arcing contacts from the extinguishing chamber.

L'objet de l'invention consiste à améliorer l'endurance électrique d'un disjoncteur basse tension à fortes intensités.The object of the invention is to improve the electrical endurance of a low voltage circuit breaker with high currents.

Le disjoncteur selon l'invention comporte :

  • un contact d'arc fixe disposé dans l'intervalle entre le rebord intermédiaire de la corne d'arc et le contact principal fixe , ledit contact d'arc fixe étant plus proche du rebord que du contact principal fixe ,
  • un contact d'arc mobile situé entre l'extrémité d'au moins un doigt de contact et le contact principal mobile ,
  • et des moyens de fermeture des contacts d'arc au début de la course d'ouverture des doigts de contacts , et avant la séparation des contacts principaux.
The circuit breaker according to the invention comprises:
  • a fixed arcing contact placed in the gap between the intermediate edge of the arcing horn and the fixed main contact, said fixed arcing contact being closer to the rim than the fixed main contact,
  • a movable arcing contact situated between the end of at least one contact finger and the movable main contact,
  • and means for closing the arcing contacts at the start of the opening stroke of the contact fingers, and before the separation of the main contacts.

Tous les doigts de contact de structures identiques portent des contacts principaux mobiles. Certains de ces doigts deviennnent des contacts d'arc fugitifs au début de la phase d'ouverture.All contact fingers of identical structures carry movable main contacts. Some of these fingers become fugitive arcing contacts at the start of the opening phase.

La présence des contacts d'arc évite l'érosion des contacts principaux, tandis que le rapprochement de l'arc au niveau du rebord accélère la migration de l'arc le long de la corne de guidage, et réduit l'érosion des contacts d'arc. Il en résulte une meilleure endurance électrique du disjoncteur, indépendamment du type de défaut, et de la nature du courant.Presence of arcing contacts prevents erosion of main contacts, while bringing the arc closer to the rim accelerates arc migration along the guide horn, and reduces erosion of arcing contacts. This results in better electrical endurance of the circuit breaker, regardless of the type of fault, and the nature of the current.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'action thermique de l'arc sur les parois latérales du boîtier isolant peut être évité lorsque le contact d'arc fixe est agencé pour centrer l'arc par rapport au plan médian du pôle. Le contact principal fixe et le contact d'arc fixe sont constitués par deux plaquettes parallèles s'étendant transversalement par rapport aux doigts de contact, la plaquette du contact d'arc fixe étant plus courte que celle du contact principal fixe.According to one embodiment, the thermal action of the arc on the side walls of the insulating housing can be avoided when the fixed arcing contact is arranged to center the arc relative to the median plane of the pole. The fixed main contact and the fixed arcing contact consist of two parallel plates extending transversely with respect to the contact fingers, the plate of the fixed arcing contact being shorter than that of the fixed main contact.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, les doigts de contact sont montés à pivotement sur un premier axe transversal à l'intérieur d'une cage de support, et la cage en matériau isolant peut basculer entre les positions d'ouverture et de fermeture autour d'un deuxième axe d'articulation par l'action du mécanisme, l'ensemble étant agencé pour provoquer des mouvements de rotation inverses de la cage et des doigts de contacts lors de la fermeture des contacts d'arc.According to another embodiment of the invention, the contact fingers are pivotally mounted on a first transverse axis inside a support cage, and the cage of insulating material can switch between the open positions and closing around a second articulation axis by the action of the mechanism, the assembly being arranged to cause reverse rotational movements of the cage and the contact fingers when the arcing contacts are closed.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront plus clairement de la description qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un pôle du disjoncteur, représenté en position de fermeture;
  • la figure 2 montre une vue éclatée en perspective du disjoncteur de la figure 1;
  • la figure 3 est une vue identique à la figure 1, dans une position intermédiaire au début de la course d'ouverture du pôle ;
  • la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe selon la ligne 4-4 de la figure 1.
Other advantages and characteristics will emerge more clearly from the description which follows of an embodiment of the invention, given by way of nonlimiting example, and represented in the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a pole of the circuit breaker, shown in the closed position;
  • Figure 2 shows an exploded perspective view of the circuit breaker of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a view identical to Figure 1, in an intermediate position at the start of the pole opening stroke;
  • FIG. 4 represents a sectional view along line 4-4 of FIG. 1.

Sur les figures 1 à 4, un pôle 10 d'un disjoncteur non limiteur à basse tension et à fortes intensités, notamment supérieures à 1000 A est logé dans un compartiment 12 d'un boîtier 14 isolant moulé, renfermant un dispositif de contacts 16 séparables, et une chambre 18 d'extinction d'arc. La structure d'un tel pôle est décrit en détail dans le brevet français FR-A-2.589.624 précité.In FIGS. 1 to 4, a pole 10 of a low-voltage, high-intensity non-limiting circuit breaker, in particular greater than 1000 A, is housed in a compartment 12 of a molded insulating case 14, containing a separable contact device 16 , and an arc extinguishing chamber 18. The structure of such a pole is described in detail in the aforementioned French patent FR-A-2,589,624.

La chambre 18 d'extinction d'arc est équipée d'un empilage de tôles métalliques, encadré par une paire de cornes conductrices inférieure 20 et supérieure 22 de guidage d'arc. La corne d'arc 20 fixe est en acier et s'étend entre une pièce 23 conductrice accolée à la plage 26 et la chambre 18 dont elle constitue l'une des tôles d'extrémités.The arc extinguishing chamber 18 is equipped with a stack of metal sheets, framed by a pair of lower 20 and upper 22 arc conductive horns. The fixed arc horn 20 is made of steel and extends between a conductive part 23 attached to the pad 26 and the chamber 18 of which it constitutes one of the end sheets.

Le dispositif de contacts 16 séparables comporte un contact principal fixe 24 porté directement par une première plage de raccordement 26 traversant le socle du boîtier 14 isolant. La corne d'arc inférieure 20 est fixée à la pièce 23 de la plage 26 et au socle du boîtier 14 par des moyens de fixation 28, 30. L'ensemble contact mobile 32 est doté d'une pluralité de doigts de contact 34 en parallèle montés à pivotement sur un premier axe 36 transversal à l'intérieur d'une cage 38 de support en matériau isolant. Tous les doigts de contact 34 ont une longueur identique. Le contact principal fixe 24 s'étend transversalement par rapport à la totalité des doigts de contact 34 selon une direction parallèle au premier axe 36.The separable contact device 16 comprises a fixed main contact 24 carried directly by a first connection pad 26 passing through the base of the insulating housing 14. The lower arc horn 20 is fixed to the part 23 of the pad 26 and to the base of the housing 14 by fixing means 28, 30. The movable contact assembly 32 is provided with a plurality of contact fingers 34 in parallel pivotally mounted on a first transverse axis 36 inside a support cage 38 of insulating material. All the contact fingers 34 have an identical length. The fixed main contact 24 extends transversely to all of the contact fingers 34 in a direction parallel to the first axis 36.

Le talon de chaque doigt de contact 34 est connecté par un conducteur souple, notamment une tresse 40 à une deuxième plage de raccordement 42 qui traverse le socle du boîtier 14 en s'étendant parallèlement à la première plage 26.The heel of each contact finger 34 is connected by a flexible conductor, in particular a braid 40 to a second connection pad 42 which crosses the base of the housing 14 extending parallel to the first pad 26.

La cage 38 est accouplée au barreau de commutation du mécanisme (non représenté) par une biellette 44 de transmission. La portion interne de la deuxième plage 42 est entourée par un capteur de courant 46 raccordé électriquement au déclencheur du mécanisme. L'extrémité de la cage 38 située au-dessus de la deuxième plage 42 est équipée d'un deuxième axe 48 logé dans un palier 50 fixe, pour autoriser le pivotement de la cage 38 suite à la rotation du barreau entre les positions d'ouverture et de fermeture du pôle 10. Un dispositif à ressorts 52 de pression de contact est positionné dans une encoche 54 de la cage 38, et sollicite les doigts de contact 34 en pivotement autour du premier axe 36 dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre.The cage 38 is coupled to the switching bar of the mechanism (not shown) by a transmission link 44. The internal portion of the second area 42 is surrounded by a current sensor 46 electrically connected to the trigger of the mechanism. The end of the cage 38 located above the second range 42 is equipped with a second axis 48 housed in a fixed bearing 50, to allow the pivoting of the cage 38 following the rotation of the bar between the positions of opening and closing of the pole 10. A spring device 52 for contact pressure is positioned in a notch 54 of the cage 38, and biases the contact fingers 34 in pivoting around the first axis 36 anticlockwise.

Chaque doigt de contact 34 est pourvu d'une pièce de contact, appelé par la suite, contact principal mobile 56 coopérant en position de fermeture avec le contact principal fixe 24. Le premier axe 36 transversal se trouve entre les contacts principaux mobiles 56 et les tresses 40.Each contact finger 34 is provided with a contact piece, hereinafter called mobile main contact 56 cooperating in the closed position with the fixed main contact 24. The first transverse pin 36 is located between the mobile main contacts 56 and the braids 40.

A l'opposé du talon relié à la tresse 40, chaque doigt de contact 34 comporte une extension 58 frontale faisant saillie de la cage 38, et susceptible de se déplacer le long d'un rebord 60 ou bossage de la corne d'arc inférieure 20.Opposite the heel connected to the braid 40, each contact finger 34 has a front extension 58 projecting from the cage 38, and capable of moving along a rim 60 or boss of the lower bow horn. 20.

Selon l'invention, l'extension 58 frontale de chaque doigt de contact 34 est conformée en corne d'arc ayant un contact d'arc mobile 62 destiné à coopérer avec un contact d'arc fixe 64 situé à proximité du rebord 60 de la corne d'arc 20. Le contact d'arc fixe 64 est fixé sur la pièce 23 intercalaire, et se trouve en liaison électrique avec la corne 20, et la plage 26, en étant agencé entre le rebord 60 et le contact principal fixe 24.According to the invention, the front extension 58 of each contact finger 34 is shaped as an arc horn having a movable arcing contact 62 intended to cooperate with a fixed arcing contact 64 located near the rim 60 of the arcing horn 20. The fixed arcing contact 64 is fixed on the intermediate piece 23, and is in electrical connection with the horn 20, and the pad 26, being arranged between the flange 60 and the fixed main contact 24 .

La largeur du contact d'arc fixe 64 est inférieure à celle de la plaquette du contact principal fixe 24. Il en résulte une absence de contact des contacts d'arc mobiles 62 des doigts 34 d'extrémités avec le contact d'arc fixe 64 (voir fig. 4) lors de l'ouverture du pôle.The width of the fixed arcing contact 64 is less than that of the plate of the fixed main contact 24. This results in an absence of contact of the movable arcing contacts 62 of the fingers 34 of the ends with the fixed arcing contact 64 (see fig. 4) when opening the pole.

Le fonctionnement du pôle 10 est le suivant :The operation of pole 10 is as follows:

Dans la position de fermeture (fig. 1 et 4), la totalité des contacts principaux mobiles 56 appartenant aux doigts de contact 34 multiples se trouvent en appui sur le contact principal fixe 24. La pression de contact est assurée par le dispositif à ressort 52. Un intervalle prédéterminé sépare les contacts d'arc 62, 64, et le courant nominal passe exclusivement dans les contacts 24, 56 fermés du circuit principal.In the closed position (fig. 1 and 4), all of the movable main contacts 56 belonging to the multiple contact fingers 34 are supported on the fixed main contact 24. The contact pressure is provided by the spring device 52 A predetermined interval separates the arcing contacts 62, 64, and the nominal current passes exclusively through the closed contacts 24, 56 of the main circuit.

Lors de l'ouverture du disjoncteur, la biellette 44 agit sur la cage 38 dans le sens de la flèche F, (fig.3), provoquant simultanément le basculement dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre de la cage 38 autour du deuxième axe 48, et le pivotement inverse des doigts de contact 34 autour du premier axe 36. La fermeture fugitive des contacts d'arc 62, 64 s'opère préalablement à la séparation des contacts principaux 24, 56, laquelle s'effectue sans arc. Dans cette position intermédiaire, tout le courant passe alors dans les contacts d'arc 62, 64 grâce à cette zone de contact temporaire située très près du rebord 60 de la corne 20.When the circuit breaker opens, the link 44 acts on the cage 38 in the direction of the arrow F, (fig.3), simultaneously causing the cage 38 to tilt clockwise around the second axis 48, and the reverse pivoting of the contact fingers 34 around the first axis 36. The fugitive closing of the arcing contacts 62, 64 takes place before the separation of the main contacts 24, 56, which takes place without an arc. In this intermediate position, all the current then passes through the arcing contacts 62, 64 thanks to this temporary contact zone located very close to the rim 60 of the horn 20.

Le basculement poursuivi de la cage 38 assure ensuite la séparation des contacts d'arc 62, 64 après butée de l'arrière des doigts de contact 34 contre la cage 38. Cette séparation engendre la formation d'un arc, lequel migre très rapidement sur le rebord 60 et est propulsée vers la chambre 18 où il se désionise d'une manière classique. Pendant cette phase initiale de séparation des contacts d'arc 62, 64, l'allongement de l'arc est limité.The continued tilting of the cage 38 then ensures the separation of the arcing contacts 62, 64 after abutment of the rear of the contact fingers 34 against the cage 38. This separation generates the formation of an arc, which migrates very quickly over the rim 60 and is propelled towards the chamber 18 where it deionizes in a conventional manner. During this initial phase of separation of the arcing contacts 62, 64, the elongation of the arcing is limited.

La présence des contacts d'arc 62, 64 évite l'érosion des contacts principaux 24, 56. Le rapprochement de l'arc au niveau du rebord 60 accélère la migration de l'arc le long de la corne 20 de guidage, et améliore ensuite le développement de l'arc vers la chambre 18 en vue d'une extinction rapide. L'agencement du rebord 60 au voisinage de la zone de formation d'arc et le long de la direction de déplacement des doigts de contacts 34 réduit l'érosion des contacts d'arc 62, 64, et contribue à diminuer le temps de déplacement de l'arc vers la chambre 18.The presence of the arcing contacts 62, 64 prevents the erosion of the main contacts 24, 56. The bringing together of the arcing at the rim 60 accelerates the migration of the arcing along the guide horn 20, and improves then the development of the arc towards the chamber 18 with a view to rapid extinction. The arrangement of the flange 60 in the vicinity of the arcing zone and along the direction of movement of the contact fingers 34 reduces the erosion of the arcing contacts 62, 64, and contributes to reducing the travel time. from the arch to chamber 18.

Le dimensionnement rétréci en longueur de la plaquette conductrice constituant le contact d'arc fixe 64 commun permet d'obtenir un centrage de l'arc par rapport au plan médian de la chambre 18, afin de ménager l'usure des parois latérales du boîtier 14 isolant dû à l'action thermique de l'arc. Il en résulte une amélioration notable de l'endurance électrique du disjoncteur non limiteur, lequel est capable d'interrompre tout type de courant, notamment des courants alternatifs de court-circuit, ou des courants continus de faibles intensités.The narrowed dimensioning in length of the conductive plate constituting the common fixed arcing contact 64 makes it possible to obtain a centering of the arc relative to the median plane of the chamber 18, in order to save wear on the side walls of the housing 14 insulator due to the thermal action of the arc. This results in a significant improvement in the electrical endurance of the non-limiting circuit breaker, which is capable of interrupting any type of current, in particular short-circuit alternating currents, or direct currents of low intensity.

Selon une variante, le contact d'arc fixe 64 pourrait être fixé directement sur la corne d'arc 10.According to a variant, the fixed arcing contact 64 could be fixed directly on the arcing horn 10.

Claims (5)

  1. A multipole low voltage circuit breaker for high currents, housed in a moulded insulating case (14), and comprising per pole:
    - a plurality of movable contact fingers (34) of the same length extending parallel to and slightly apart from one another and being moved together by a mechanism between a closed position and an open position,
    - a stationary main contact (24) cooperating in the closed position with a movable main contact (56) of each contact finger (34),
    - a pair of connection pads (26, 42) in electrical connection with the stationary main contact (24) and the contact fingers (34),
    - an arc extinguishing chamber (18) having a stack of deionizing metal plates framed by a pair of conducting horns (20, 22) for guiding and migration of the arc, one (20) of the stationary horns being in electrical connection with the stationary main contact (24), and having an intermediate edge (60) extending over a short distance in the direction of movement of the front extensions (58) of the contact fingers (34) to limit lengthening of the arc during the initial separation phase,
    characterized in that in the circuit breaker comprises in addition :
    - a stationary arcing contact (64) located in the gap between the intermediate edge (60) of the arcing horn (20) and the stationary main contact (24), said stationary arcing contact (64) being closer to the edge (60) than to the stationary main contact (24),
    - a movable arcing contact (62) located between the end of at least one contact finger (34) and the movable main contact (56),
    - and means for closing the arcing contacts (62, 64) at the beginning of the opening travel of the contact fingers (34), and before separation of the main contacts (24, 56).
  2. The multipole circuit breaker pole according to claim 1, characterized in that the stationary arcing contact (64) is arranged to centre the arc with respect to the mid-plane of the pole (10).
  3. The multipole circuit breaker pole according to claim 2, characterized in that the stationary arcing horn (20) equipped with the edge (60) is made of steel, and that the stationary main contact (24) and stationary arcing contact (64) are formed by two small parallel plates extending transversely with respect to the contact fingers (34), the plate of the stationary arcing contact (64) being shorter than that of the stationary main contact (24).
  4. The multipole circuit breaker pole according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the contact fingers (34) are pivotally mounted on a first transverse spindle (36) inside a support cage (38), and that said cage (38) made of insulating material can rock between the open and closed positions around a second articulation spindle (48) due to the action of the mechanism, the assembly being arranged to bring about reverse rotation movements of the cage (38) and contact fingers (34) when closing of the arcing contacts (62, 64) takes place.
  5. The multipole circuit breaker pole according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the stationary arcing contact (64) is secured to a conducting part (23) inserted between the arcing horn (20) and the connection pad (26), on which the stationary main contact (24) is located.
EP90420333A 1989-07-26 1990-07-12 Low tension circuit-breaker for high currents with multiple contacts Expired - Lifetime EP0410902B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8910175A FR2650434B1 (en) 1989-07-26 1989-07-26 LOW VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH MULTIPLE CONTACTS AND HIGH CURRENTS
FR8910175 1989-07-26
CA002053516A CA2053516C (en) 1989-07-26 1991-10-16 Low voltage circuit breaker with multiple contacts for high currents

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0410902A1 EP0410902A1 (en) 1991-01-30
EP0410902B1 true EP0410902B1 (en) 1995-02-15

Family

ID=34750813

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90420333A Expired - Lifetime EP0410902B1 (en) 1989-07-26 1990-07-12 Low tension circuit-breaker for high currents with multiple contacts

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5210385A (en)
EP (1) EP0410902B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2053516C (en)
DE (1) DE69016869T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2071066T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2650434B1 (en)
HK (1) HK1006892A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5210385A (en) 1993-05-11
CA2053516C (en) 2002-08-20
HK1006892A1 (en) 1999-03-19
FR2650434B1 (en) 1995-11-24
CA2053516A1 (en) 1993-04-17
EP0410902A1 (en) 1991-01-30
DE69016869T2 (en) 1995-09-07
FR2650434A1 (en) 1991-02-01
DE69016869D1 (en) 1995-03-23
ES2071066T3 (en) 1995-06-16

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