EP0404731B1 - Brenner mit torisch-drallförmiger Strömung für einen mit flüssigem und gasförmigem Brennstoff beheitzten Kessel - Google Patents

Brenner mit torisch-drallförmiger Strömung für einen mit flüssigem und gasförmigem Brennstoff beheitzten Kessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0404731B1
EP0404731B1 EP90810471A EP90810471A EP0404731B1 EP 0404731 B1 EP0404731 B1 EP 0404731B1 EP 90810471 A EP90810471 A EP 90810471A EP 90810471 A EP90810471 A EP 90810471A EP 0404731 B1 EP0404731 B1 EP 0404731B1
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Prior art keywords
bushing
burner
nozzle
combustion
disposed
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EP90810471A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0404731A3 (de
EP0404731A2 (de
Inventor
Rudolf Müller
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/40—Mixing tubes or chambers; Burner heads
    • F23D11/402—Mixing chambers downstream of the nozzle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/40—Inducing local whirls around flame

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a toroidal-cyclonic flow burner for a liquid and gaseous fuel boiler comprising a tubular body, composed of an outer bushing and an inner bushing mounted coaxially with the outer bushing, a fuel supply nozzle arranged coaxially inside these sockets and the ignition electrodes, in which the inner socket and the outer socket define between them an annular space provided with a narrowed circular opening which opens at the front of the burner, the inner socket being closed at the rear of the nozzle by a hermetic closing plate, and comprises at the front of the nozzle, a deflecting plate provided with a central orifice and radial slots arranged in planes inclined relative to the plane of the plate, the side wall of this inner sleeve being provided with at least one opening arranged to generate a primary flow of feed ntation in oxidizing gas, opening upstream said deflector plate, and at least one ring of blades being disposed in the annular space formed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve
  • Burners of this type often make it possible to achieve a marked improvement in combustion, without however achieving the expected results, and in particular nitrogen oxide and carbon dioxide levels sufficiently low for the exhaust gases to be released. below the tolerances set by current standards in force and in preparation for the future.
  • the first phase consists in starting the combustion using a rich mixture and the second phase consists in carrying out this combustion under conditions approaching the stoichiometric conditions.
  • optimal combustion is only possible if the fuel is in the form of extremely fine particles.
  • combustion gases For the combustion to be complete and the flame efficiency to be maximum without the appearance of undesirable residues in the combustion gases, it is necessary that the adjustments making it possible to define the turbulences and the residence time of the gases in the burner are perfectly defined.
  • the recycling of combustion gases has beneficial advantages because this recycling makes it possible to preheat the mixture, to increase the duration of the residence of the gases in the burner and to exert favorable influences on the chemical reactions which take place. This recycling must nevertheless be carried out very carefully and the amount of recycled gas must be determined optimally according to the amounts of primary, secondary and tertiary air which are injected.
  • Document DE-A-26 24 649 describes a burner for a liquid and gaseous fuel boiler, comprising a tubular body, composed of an outer bushing and an inner bushing mounted coaxially in the outer bushing.
  • a fuel supply nozzle is arranged coaxially inside these sockets and ignition electrodes are placed in the inner socket.
  • This inner sleeve is closed at the rear of the nozzle by an airtight closure plate.
  • the inner sleeve further comprises at the front of the nozzle, a deflector plate provided with a central orifice and radial slots arranged in planes inclined relative to the plane of the plate.
  • the side wall of the inner sleeve is provided with openings arranged to generate a primary flow of oxidant gas supply, opening upstream of said deflector plate.
  • a crown of blades is arranged in the annular space formed between the outer sleeve and the sleeve interior, upstream of said narrowed opening.
  • DE-A-26 23 759 describes a spray burner for boilers.
  • This burner comprises an air duct, a tubular body placed inside the air duct and integral with a fuel supply duct. Twisted guide fins are placed between the air duct and the tubular body so as to induce rotation of the combustion air.
  • the present invention proposes to overcome these various drawbacks by providing a burner of relatively simple and economical construction, which makes it possible to create a toric-cyclonic flow with direct recycling of the combustion gases, which has the effect of obtaining an extremely fine division. fuel particles, a stratified mixture of fuel and oxidizer, in this case air, efficient recycling of the combustion gases and, thereafter, a residence time of the gases in the burner long enough for the residues unburned are almost nonexistent.
  • the burner according to the invention characterized in that it comprises a surface for guiding the primary feed flow, this surface being disposed between the closure plate of the inner bushing and the deflector plate, this surface guide being provided with a central orifice disposed opposite the central orifice of the deflector plate, in that said blades are inclined to twist the secondary supply flow and in that the inner sleeve is equipped with a conduit oxidant gas supply connecting the annular space and the interior of this socket, so as to divert part of the flow of supply of oxidizing gas towards the ignition electrodes.
  • said guide surface is arranged to define with the deflecting plate a narrowed annular passage surrounding the central orifice of this plate, for the primary flow of supply of oxidizing gas.
  • said guide surface is conical.
  • the outer sleeve has a cylindrical upstream part and a downstream part, disposed at the front of the nozzle, having a conical surface whose generatrices converge at the front of the nozzle, on the axis of the latter.
  • This burner can also include a flue gas recycling sleeve, mounted at the front of the nozzle, this sleeve being fixed to the downstream end of the outer bushing.
  • this sleeve to the outer sleeve is done by means of an annular piece arranged in a plane perpendicular to the axis of this burner.
  • Said inner socket can be fixed to the outer socket by at least three tabs arranged in diametrical planes and preferably by a ring of tabs also regularly arranged in diametrical planes.
  • FIGURE 1 represents a schematic view partially in axial section of a preferred embodiment of a domestic or industrial burner according to the invention
  • the burner shown essentially comprises a tubular body composed of an outer bush 10, substantially cylindrical and of an inner bush 12 arranged coaxially with the outer bush 10. Inside the inner bush 12 is mounted a nozzle 11, arranged coaxially with the inner 12 and outer sockets 10. These two sockets are arranged so as to delimit between them an annular space E, the role of which will be explained below.
  • the inner sleeve 12 is closed at its upstream end by a hermetic closure plate 14 and at its downstream or front end by a deflector plate 18 comprising a central opening 19 and a series of radial slots 16 which are arranged in planes inclined relative to in the plane of the plate. In practice, these slots can be cut obliquely in the plate, or the plate itself can be composed of fins 17 which overlap in part to define said inclined slots.
  • the lateral part of the inner sleeve 12 comprises at least one opening 15, but preferably a series of regularly spaced openings and arranged on a circular line to ensure the passage of a primary flow of supply of oxidizing gas opening upstream of said deflector plate.
  • This feed flow illustrated by the arrows A comes from a blower or a fan (not shown) placed at the rear of the burner and which sends air into the annular space E from upstream to downstream. Since the inner sleeve 12 is closed, this space is the only possible passage for the air flow generated by the fan.
  • the primary flow A is guided towards the central orifice 19 of the deflector plate 18 and towards the radial slots 16 by a guide surface 20 which is preferably conical and which has at its apex an orifice 21 disposed opposite the orifice 19.
  • the base of this surface is fixed to the side wall 24 of the inner sleeve 12.
  • the edges of the orifice 21 define with the edges of the orifice 19 an annular passage of narrowed section 9 forming a constriction through which the air of the primary supply flow, which feeds the jet of fuel ejected by the nozzle 11 and which protects the latter against heat and fouling by forming a protective screen, is accelerated.
  • this inner sleeve 12 extends beyond the deflector plate 18 by an annular rim 25 which, in its end region 26, is curved towards the axis of the burner.
  • the outer bush 10 is extended towards the front of the burner by a downstream part 27 constituted by a conical surface which forms with the flange 25 an annular passage 28 extending the annular space E and opening downstream of the nozzle by an opening. narrowed circular 29.
  • This annular passage 28 is crossed by a secondary flow of oxidant gas supply represented by the arrows B.
  • This secondary flow B of oxidant gas supply also comes from the fan and is channeled by the annular space E.
  • This secondary flow B partially corresponds to the balance of the total flow generated by the fan after separation of the primary flow A.
  • the inner sleeve 12 also comprises an intermediate plate 22, parallel to the closure plate 14 and used to hold or fix the ignition electrodes 23 (only one of which is shown in the figure), and a tube observation 40 equipped with a photoelectric cell 41.
  • the inner sleeve 12 is fixed to the outer sleeve 10 by at least three fixing lugs 13 and preferably by a crown of regularly spaced lugs. These legs are arranged according to diametrical planes. Said ring is preferably mounted near the upstream end of the side wall 24 of the inner sleeve.
  • a conduit 43 for supplying oxidant gas, preferably air, is mounted on the inner sleeve 12 to connect the annular space E and the interior of this sleeve, so as to divert part of the supply flow in oxidizing gas in the direction of the ignition electrodes 23.
  • the breath of air generated through this duct deflects the ignition arc produced between the electrodes towards the nozzle 11.
  • the toric-cyclonic effect schematically represented by the drawing of curves and arrows 33 is obtained by the combination of several effects.
  • a first effect is obtained by the injection of droplets of fuel in the opposite direction of rotation of the toric-cyclonic vortex.
  • a second effect is caused by the primary supply of oxidizing gas which takes place, at a low speed, through openings 15 and the slots 16 formed between the inclined fins 17 of the deflector plate 18. These fins inclined at a predetermined angle cause an air penetration corresponding to the primary supply according to a set of vortex currents encircling the flow of fuel fluid. Part of the primary flow is used to form a screen protecting the nozzle 11 against heat and fouling.
  • the secondary supply of oxidizing gas corresponding to flow B passes through the annular channel and enters the space located in front of the deflector plate 18 through the mouth 29. Due to the constriction, the air entering this zone passes through the channel and is strongly accelerated.
  • the deflection obtained thanks to the existence of the edges 25 and 27 generates an enveloping current which creates a cyclonic zone and in very stable toroidal rotation in the vicinity of the deflector plate.
  • the component of rotation generated by the blades 42 promotes the specific dynamics of the gas flow in this area.
  • This toric-cyclonic zone makes it possible to improve the division of the particles of fuel fluid and to homogenize very efficiently the fuel / oxidizer mixture.
  • combustion thanks to the heat it gives off, causes vaporization of fine particles of fuel which, thanks to turbulence, mix with a predetermined amount of air.
  • the fuel is considered to have the formula CxHy where x and y have different values distributed over a determined range.
  • the air consists essentially of a mixture of 21% oxygen and approximately 78% nitrogen, 1% argon and some traces of carbon dioxide and other gases.
  • the HOO peroxide radical also reacts as a dehydrogenator on the fuel according to the relationship: HOO. + CxHy ----> HO. + .OH + .CxH (y-1) while the HOO ion generates an oxidation reaction according to the relation: CxHy + OOH ----> CxH (y-1) - O + .OH

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Brenner mit torisch-drallförmiger Strömung für einen mit flüssigem und gasförmigen Brennstoff beheizten Kessel, der ein rohrförmiges Gehäuse aufweist das einen äußeren Rohransatz (10) und einen koaxial zum äußeren Rohransatz angebrachten inneren Rohransatz (12) umfaßt, und der eine koaxial innerhalb dieser Rohransätze angeordnete Düse (11) zur Brennstoffzufuhr und Zündelektroden (23) aufweist, in welchem der innere und der äußere Rohransatz zwischen sich einen ringförmigen Raum (E) definieren, der mit einer kreisförmigen, verjüngten Öffnung (29) versehen ist, die an der Vorderseite des Brenners mündet, wobei der innere Rohransatz (12) hinter der Düse (11) durch eine hermetische Verschlußplatte (14) abgeschlossen ist, und auf der Vorderseite der Düse eine Ablenkplatte (18) aufweist, die mit einer Zentralöffnung (19) und Radialschlitzen (16) versehen ist, welche in bezüglich der Ebene der Platte geneigten Ebenen angeordnet sind, wobei die Seitenwandung (24) dieses inneren Rohransatzes mit mindestens einer Öffnung (15) zur Erzeugung eines primären Zustroms (A) gasförmigen Brennstoffs versehen ist, die oberhalb der besagten Ablenkplatte mündet, und mit mindestens einem Schaufel-Kranz (42) der im ringförmigen, zwischen dem inneren und dem äußeren Rohransatz befindlichen Raum (E) angeordnet ist, oberhalb der besagten, verjüngten Öffnung (29) um einen sekundären Zustrom (B) gasförmigen Brennstoffs zu führen,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Leitfläche (20) für den primären Zustrom (A) aufweist, wobei diese Leitfläche zwischen der Verschlußplatte (14) des inneren Rohransatzes und der Ablenkplatte (18) angeordnet ist, wobei diese Leitfläche mit einer Zentralöffnung (21) versehen ist, die gegenüber der Zentralöffnung (19) der Ablenkplatte (18) angeordnet ist, daß die besagten Schaufeln (42) ge-neigt sind, um den sekundären Zustrom (B) zu verwinden und daß der innere Rohransatz (12) mit einem Zufuhrkanal (43) für gasförmigen Brennstoff versehen ist, der den ringförmigen Raum (E) und das Innere dieses Rohransatzes (12) verbindet, um einen Teil des Zustroms gasförmigen Brennstoffs in Richtung der Zündelektroden umzuleiten.
  2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leitfläche (20) vorgesehen ist, um mit der Ablenkplatte (18) einen ringförmigen, verjüngten, die Zentralöffnung dieser Platte umgebenden Durchlaß (9) für den primären Zustrom gasförmigen Brennstoffs zu bilden.
  3. Brenner nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die besagte Leitfläche (20) konisch ist.
  4. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der äußere Rohransatz (10) einen oberen, zylindrischen Bereich und einen unteren Bereich (27) aufweist, der vor der Düse (11) angeordnet ist, die eine konische Oberfläche aufweist, deren Randflächen sich vor der Düse schneiden und zwar auf der Achse der letzteren, und daß er hier einen Schaft (30) zur Rückführung der Verbrennungsgase aufweist, der vor der Düse (11) montiert ist, wobei dieser Schaft am unteren Ende (27) des äußeren Rohransatzes (10) befestigt ist.
  5. Brenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schaft (30) am äußeren Rohransatz mittels eines ringförmigen Teils (31) befestigt ist, das in einer zur Achse dieses Brenners senkrechten Ebene angeordnet ist.
  6. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innere Rohransatz (12) am äußeren Rohransatz (10) durch mindestens drei Klammern (13) befestigt ist, die in diametralen Ebenen angeordnet sind.
  7. Brenner nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innere Rohransatz (12) am äußeren Rohransatz (10) durch einen Kranz von Klammern (13) befestigt ist, die regelmäßig in diametralen Ebenen angeordnet sind.
EP90810471A 1989-06-22 1990-06-22 Brenner mit torisch-drallförmiger Strömung für einen mit flüssigem und gasförmigem Brennstoff beheitzten Kessel Expired - Lifetime EP0404731B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8908585A FR2648897A1 (fr) 1989-06-22 1989-06-22 Bruleur a flux torique-cyclonique pour chaudiere a combustible liquide et gazeux
FR8908585 1989-06-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0404731A2 EP0404731A2 (de) 1990-12-27
EP0404731A3 EP0404731A3 (de) 1992-01-02
EP0404731B1 true EP0404731B1 (de) 1995-01-25

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EP90810471A Expired - Lifetime EP0404731B1 (de) 1989-06-22 1990-06-22 Brenner mit torisch-drallförmiger Strömung für einen mit flüssigem und gasförmigem Brennstoff beheitzten Kessel

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0404731B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE117788T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69016281T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2648897A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT401288B (de) * 1991-10-14 1996-07-25 Schwarz A & Co Mischeinrichtung für ölbrenner
ES2060486B1 (es) * 1991-11-11 1996-12-16 Munoz Jose Domingo Perfeccionamientos en los quemadores de combustibles liquidos y su procedimiento de funcionamiento.
AT406795B (de) * 1997-12-15 2000-09-25 Schwarz A & Co Brenner für gas- und ölheizungskessel
EP0864812A3 (de) * 1997-03-12 1999-06-16 A. Schwarz + Co. Mischeinrichtung für Gas- und Ölbrenner
AT406706B (de) * 1997-03-12 2000-08-25 Schwarz A & Co Brenner für gas- und ölheizkessel
DE102012101577A1 (de) 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Webasto Ag Mobiles, mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät
DE102012101580B4 (de) 2012-02-27 2020-10-29 Webasto Ag Mobiles, mit flüssigem Brennstoff betriebenes Heizgerät
DE102012110506B4 (de) * 2012-11-02 2017-04-27 Webasto SE Hochdruckzerstäubungsbrenneranordnung
CN104373963B (zh) * 2014-10-28 2016-04-27 北京华清燃气轮机与煤气化联合循环工程技术有限公司 一种燃气轮机燃烧室中心体开槽旋流喷嘴
CN109237465B (zh) * 2018-10-30 2024-03-19 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 一种旋流燃烧器及旋流燃烧器乏风喷入系统

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE556701A (de) *
US2531538A (en) * 1948-05-06 1950-11-28 Cecil W Smith Air control unit for oil burners
GB851900A (en) * 1958-02-28 1960-10-19 Auto Comb S London Ltd Improvements in pressure jet oil fuel burners
US3033278A (en) * 1958-12-22 1962-05-08 Gulf Research Development Co Air directing apparatus
FR1332961A (fr) * 1962-08-31 1963-07-19 Oelfeuerungen Ag Tête de brûleur avec dispositif de gazéification de l'huile
IT969367B (it) * 1972-10-06 1974-03-30 Riello Bruciatori Sas Testa a ricircolazione esterna per bruciatori di combustibili liquidi
FR2348439A1 (fr) * 1976-04-12 1977-11-10 Zaegel Held Sa Bruleur pour combustibles en particulier pour combustibles liquides et gazeux
DE2623759C3 (de) * 1976-05-26 1980-03-06 Heinrich Brauckmann Armaturenfabrik Gmbh, 6950 Mosbach Druckzerstäuber-Ölbrenner
DE2624649C3 (de) * 1976-06-02 1980-05-08 Danfoss A/S, Nordborg (Daenemark) ölbrenner
DE2821932A1 (de) * 1978-05-19 1979-11-22 Karl Bodemer Mischeinrichtung zur verbrennung von fluessigen kohlenwasserstoffen, insbesondere heizoel und dieseloel
FR2582781A1 (fr) * 1985-06-04 1986-12-05 Mueller Rudolf Bruleur pour chaudiere a combustion liquide avec circuit de recyclage des gaz de combustion
DE3542174C1 (en) * 1985-11-29 1987-07-02 Electro Oil Gmbh Mixing device for oil burners
CH670297A5 (de) * 1986-02-13 1989-05-31 Schilling Siegfried W
DE8604089U1 (de) * 1986-02-15 1986-04-03 Klöckner & Co KGaA Zweigniederlassung Hechingen, 7450 Hechingen Mischeinrichtung für einen Gas- und Ölbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2648897A1 (fr) 1990-12-28
ATE117788T1 (de) 1995-02-15
EP0404731A3 (de) 1992-01-02
DE69016281D1 (de) 1995-03-09
EP0404731A2 (de) 1990-12-27
DE69016281T2 (de) 1995-07-20

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