EP0403466B1 - Installation de lavage pour un récipient métallurgique - Google Patents
Installation de lavage pour un récipient métallurgique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0403466B1 EP0403466B1 EP90890176A EP90890176A EP0403466B1 EP 0403466 B1 EP0403466 B1 EP 0403466B1 EP 90890176 A EP90890176 A EP 90890176A EP 90890176 A EP90890176 A EP 90890176A EP 0403466 B1 EP0403466 B1 EP 0403466B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- insert
- flushing arrangement
- arrangement according
- working lining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
- B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
- B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
Definitions
- the invention relates to a flushing device for a metallurgical vessel, in particular for a steelworks converter, with a refractory lining that forms a wear lining and with pipes through which flushing gas flows at predetermined locations of the refractory lining, with at least one rod extending centrally in the longitudinal direction of the pipe in each pipe shaped insert is provided which forms an annular gap with the inner tube wall.
- a stirring effect can be achieved in the molten metal, which compensates for imbalances in composition and temperature, causes the deposition of non-metallic inclusions and promotes a certain degassing of the molten metal.
- a large number of devices are known for introducing purge gas.
- the flushing stone which has a sheet metal jacket enclosing a porous refractory mass in order to avoid gas escaping from the side, wherein the porous mass can be provided with a directed porosity, thus replaces a conventional stone of the wear lining of the converter.
- the sheet metal jacket is open to the converter interior; at the opposite end of the sink, at which the sheet metal jacket is closed, a feed line is connected to the sheet metal jacket in a gas-tight manner.
- Flushing stones of this type have the disadvantage that they are complicated to manufacture and install, and that an uncontrolled gas passage can occur between the sheet metal casing and the porous, refractory mass contained therein if the refractory mass does not lie completely against the sheet metal jacket. Furthermore, one such Flushing stone leads to wear that is premature compared to the wear lining of the converter, so that material and time-consuming repair measures are required between two readjustments of the wear lining.
- EP-B-0 064 449 discloses a flushing device in which a plurality of flat-pressed tubes extending from a distributor located outside the vessel are passed through the converter jacket and the permanent lining and are inserted into recesses which are cut into adjacent stones of the wear lining .
- the flat-pressed tubes ensure that no melt enters the openings of the tubes, solidifies in them and clogs them so that blowing out is no longer possible.
- the flat-pressed pipes have the disadvantage that due to the small wall thickness and the large width, there is a strong deformation (bulging, undulation) of the pipe. The pipe is then clamped to the wall, the mobility is restricted and the pipe is then torn off during a relative movement between the permanent and wear lining or bursts within the wall.
- the invention aims to avoid the disadvantages and difficulties that exist in the known flushing devices, and has as its object to create a flushing device of the type described in the introduction, in which the gas jet enters the inside of the vessel as sharply as possible, but nevertheless penetrates the melt the pipes are prevented even at low gas pressure, and in which the lowest possible different operating conditions, in particular with regard to shape, axial mobility and outlet cross section, occur between the refractory lining and the pipes.
- the present invention provides a flushing device of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the insert is formed by a wire and is loose in the part of the tube lying in the wear lining, i.e. is provided without lateral support and is only fixed in position in the axial direction with respect to the tube and that the fixation of the insert has little play in the axial direction with respect to the tube.
- the insert can move slightly in the axial direction with respect to the pipe, which prevents the pipe from clogging even under extreme operating conditions (e.g. very small amount of purge gas).
- the insert in the part of the tube lying in the wear lining is loose, i.e. provided without lateral support and is only fixed in position in the axial direction with respect to the tube, the insert is automatically centered in the tube when the gas is passed through the tube, so that there is always an annular gap between the inner tube wall and the insert during gas flushing.
- the insert is formed by a wire rope and is loose in the part of the tube lying in the wear lining, that is to say is provided without lateral support and is only fixed in position axially with respect to the tube and that the fixation of the insert here is slight compared to the tube Has play in the axial direction.
- Another embodiment of the flushing device according to the invention is characterized in that the insert designed as an inner tube is loose in the part of the tube lying in the wear lining, i.e. is provided without lateral support and is only fixed in position in the axial direction with respect to the tube and that the fixation of the insert has little play in the axial direction with respect to the tube.
- the part of the tube lying in the wear lining and the insert used therein or the inserts used therein are radially symmetrical, which results in thermal expansions distributed uniformly over the cross section, so that the stress on the wear lining caused thereby is evenly distributed over the circumference of the tube .
- An embodiment that is easy to manufacture is characterized in that the tube has a circular cross section.
- a particularly good fit in recesses cut into stones of the wear lining for receiving the tubes is obtained if the tube has a cross section formed by a regular polygon, preferably a square or hexagonal cross section.
- the annular gap preferably has a width of between 1 and 3 mm, the inside diameter of the tube expediently between 4 and 12 mm, preferably between 4 and 8 mm, and the The diameter of the insert is between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 2 and 5 mm.
- the pipe Since pipes made of steel tend to become embrittled due to carburizing, adequate strength of the pipe is expediently ensured in that the pipe has a wall thickness which corresponds to approximately half the inside diameter of the pipe.
- the ratio of the length of the pipe lying in the wear lining to the inside diameter of the pipe lying in the wear lining is advantageously at least 16, this ratio not only being present in the case of newly bricked converters, but also at the end of a converter journey, i.e. when the converter has to be bricked up again .
- Gas supply pipe are connected by lines, the use of each tube being fixed to the gas supply pipe.
- a further preferred embodiment the production of which is also particularly simple, is characterized in that two tubes, which are arranged at a distance from one another in the wear lining of the metallurgical vessel, are connected by line with their ends lying outside the wear lining to a common gas supply tube, and in that the two Pipes have a common insert, which extends from the mouth of one pipe to the mouth of the other pipe.
- the insert is expediently fixed in the axial direction on the part of the tube lying outside the wear lining.
- the insert can be expediently fixed to the tube by means of a support rib.
- the pipe advantageously has a plurality of inserts.
- the tube advantageously has a straight tube part which extends at an angle to the part of the tube lying in the wear lining and through which the insert extends.
- FIG. 1 a longitudinal section through a steelworks converter
- FIG. 2 a top view of the bottom of the steelworks converter
- FIG. 3 a section along the line III-III of FIG. 2 according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows an enlarged detail of FIG. 2.
- Fig. 5 shows a flushing device in side view, partly in section.
- FIG. 6 illustrates the flushing device shown in FIG. 5 in a plan view, likewise in section.
- FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of the flushing device in a representation analogous to FIG. 5.
- 8 and 9 illustrate a further embodiment of the flushing device in axial section and in cross section according to line IX-IX of FIG. 8.
- Different cross-sectional shapes of tubes and inserts are shown in FIGS. 10 to 13.
- the steelwork converter shown in FIG. 1 has a metal outer jacket 1, which is provided with a permanent lining 4 on the inside both on the bottom 2 and on the side walls 3.
- a wear lining 7 On the permanent lining, which is formed from refractory bricks 5, a wear lining 7, also made from refractory bricks 6, is bricked up.
- the refractory bricks 6 of the wear lining 7 are arranged in rows 10 starting from the center 8 of the bottom 2 or the longitudinal axis 9 of the converter, rows 10 parallel to one another with longitudinal joints 11 and the bricks 6 being adjacent Rows 10 are arranged offset from one another.
- the adjacent stones 6 of each row form transverse joints 12 opening into the longitudinal joints 11 between adjacent rows 10 and each abutting a side surface of a stone of an adjacent row 10.
- Flushing devices 14 are inserted at predetermined points 13 of the base 2, which are preferably provided at approximately the same distance from the center 8 of the base 2 and also at approximately the same distance from one another. According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, each purging device 14 is formed by a feed pipe 15 for the purging gas which penetrates the metal outer jacket 1 and projects up to a height just below the wear lining 7.
- two pipes 18, hereinafter referred to as distributor pipes, welded into the jacket 17 of the supply pipe are arranged with a circular cross section, which extend from the end 16 of the supply pipe 15 in the direction of the converter interior 19 diverge, etc. in the form of a fork-shaped U-shaped bend part 20.
- These bend parts 20 of the distributor pipes 18 are located in the permanent lining 4 just below the wear lining 7.
- the bend parts 20 merge into straight-line pipe parts 21 with a circular cross-section, the distance 22 of which is approximately the thickness 23 of a stone 6 the wear lining 7 corresponds.
- a 6 'of the stones 6 of the wear chuck 7 has recesses 24 which are formed at the corners and which correspond to the cross section of the tube parts 21 and which accommodate the tube parts 21.
- the space between the tube parts 21 and the stone 6 ' is filled with refractory mass 25.
- Inserts 26 formed by a wire are provided, which extend over the entire length of the distributor pipes 18 and protrude into the feed pipe 15.
- the ends 27 of the inserts 26 protruding into the feed pipe 15 are bent at right angles and fastened to a plate 28 which closes the feed pipe 15 at the end, for example by welding.
- the inserts 26 are fixed in the axial direction with respect to the distributor pipes 18.
- the inserts are opposite the distributor pipes 18, etc. whose straight tube parts 21, which pass through the wear lining 7, are freely movable, which mobility results from deformation in the elastic region of the inserts 26.
- the inserts 26 When gas flows, the inserts 26 self-center with respect to the inner wall 29 of the distributor pipes 18, so that an annular gap 30 of uniform width is formed between each insert 26 and the inner wall 29 of the distributor pipe 18.
- the inside diameter of the distributor pipes is 6 mm, the diameter of the insert is 3 mm.
- the distributor pipes between the feed pipe 15 and their curved part 20 still have a straight piece 31, as a result of which there is a certain radial mobility of the insert 26 with respect to this straight piece 31.
- This radial mobility results in the straight tube part 21, which extends approximately at right angles to the straight piece 31, a slight axial mobility of the insert 26 relative to the tube part 21, whereby a relocation of the annular gap 30 at the free end of the tube parts 21 reliably is prevented, etc. even if only very small amounts of gas are blown into the converter interior through the distributor pipes 18.
- the radially symmetrical design of the annular gap 30 allows the kinetic energy of the gas jet to be introduced into the melt in a highly concentrated manner, as a result of which the gas jet can be influenced only slightly.
- the growth of the annular gap 30 is also largely prevented by this.
- a relative movement between the permanent chuck 4 and the wear chuck 7 can be easily absorbed by the straight-line piece 31 of the distributor pipes 18 branching off from the feed pipe 15, so that the distributor pipes 18 are prevented from tearing off.
- This straight-line piece 31 is advantageously wrapped with a soft or evaporating material, as a result of which a free space for accommodating the resulting relative movements between permanent 4 and wear lining 7 is formed.
- the insert 26 is also bent in a U-shape and, in the case of fork-shaped distributor pipes 18, extends from the mouth of one distributor pipe 18 via the junction of the feed pipe 15 to the mouth of the opposite second pipe 18.
- the insert is thereby 26 fixed so far in the axial direction that it cannot be pushed out of the distributor pipes.
- the rinsing element is designed as a single element, ie as a single tube 18 ', which is linear from the outside through the metal outer jacket 1 and entire refractory lining of the steel mill converter is guided.
- the insert 26 ' is fixed with respect to the tube 18' via two radially symmetrical ribs 32, 33.
- One of the ribs is only fixed to the tube 18 'by welding and serves as a guide for the insert 26'.
- the second opposite rib 33 is fixed to both the tube 18 'and the insert 26 by welding.
- a square tube cross-sectional shape can prove to be particularly favorable if square recesses are cut in the stones 6 'of the wear lining 7, so that one can get by almost without a refractory mass when fixing the distributor pipe 18 or 18' in the wear lining 7.
- the insert 26 is formed by a multi-strand wire rope 34.
- the purging device enables purging gas to be supplied in a precisely predetermined amount per unit of time as a result of the safe prevention of an overgrowth of the mouth, as a result of which very precise regulation of the purging gas quantity supplied is possible.
- a particular advantage of the flushing device according to the invention can be seen in the fact that the control can be simplified insofar as a plurality of flushing devices can be actuated with a control element acting in common and not, and so far, each flushing device can be regulated independently - due to the frequent growth of a conventional flushing device have to be. It is thus possible to connect a plurality of flushing devices outside of the converter to a common feed pipe and to provide a control device thereon.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Claims (17)
- Dispositif de brassage pour un récipient métallurgique, en particulier un convertisseur d'aciérie, comportant un revêtement réfractaire constituant une fourrure d'usure (7) et des tubes (18, 18') prévus sur des sites prédeterminés de la fourrure d'usure, à travers lesquels tubes passe le gaz de brassage, cependant qu'au moins un insert (26, 26') en forme de barre s'étendant en sens longitudinal du tube (18, 18') est prévu centralement dans chacun des tubes (18, 18') en formant une fente annulaire (30) avec la parois intérieure de tube (29), caractérisé en ce que l'insert (26, 26') est constitué d'un fil et est prévu dans la section de tube (18, 18') qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usure, de façon libre, c'est-à-dire sans support latéral, et est fixé en position par rapport au tube (18, 18') seulement en sens axial, la fixation de l'insert (26, 26') prévoyant un jeu faible par rapport au tube (18, 18') en sens axial.
- Dispositif de brassage pour un récipient métallurgique, en particulier un convertisseur d'aciérie, comportant un revêtement réfractaire constituant une fourrure d'usure (7) et des tubes (18, 18') prévus sur des sites prédeterminés de la fourrure d'usure, à travers lesquels tubes passe le gaz de brassage, cependant qu'au moins un insert (26, 26') en forme de barre s'étendant en sens longitudinal du tube (18, 18') est prévu centralement dans chacun des tubes (18, 18') en formant une fente annulaire (30) avec la parois intérieure de tube (29), caractérisé en ce que l'insert (26, 26') est constitué d'un câble en fils et est prévu dans la section de tube (18, 18') qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usure, de façon libre, c'est-à-dire sans support latéral, et est fixé en position par rapport au tube (18, 18') seulement en sens axial, la fixation de l'insert (26, 26', 34) prévoyant un jeu faible par rapport au tube (18, 18') en sens axial.
- Dispositif de brassage pour un récipient métallurgique, en particulier un convertisseur d'aciérie, comportant un revêtement réfractaire constituant une fourrure d'usure (7) et des tubes (18, 18') prévus sur des sites prédeterminés de la fourrure d'usure, à travers lesquels passe le gaz de brassage, cependant qu'au moins un insert (26, 26') en forme de barre configuré en tant que tube intérieur et s'étendant en sens longitudinal du tube (18, 18') est prévu centralement dans chacun des tubes (18, 18') en formant une fente annulaire (30) avec la parois intérieure de tube (29), caractérisé en ce que l'insert (26, 26') qui est configuré en tant que tube intérieur est prévu dans la section de tube (18, 18') qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usure, de façon libre, c'est-à-dire sans support latéral, et est fixé en position par rapport au tube (18, 18') seulement en sens axial, la fixation de l'insert (26, 26') prévoyant un jeu faible par rapport au tube (18, 18') en sens axial.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la section du tube (18, 18') qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usure (7) et l'insert (26, 26', 34) inséré là-dedans, ou les inserts insérés là-dedans, sont configurés de façon radialement symmetrique.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le tube (18, 18') est d'une section circulaire.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le tube (18, 18') a une section en forme d'un polygone régulier, de préference une section d'un carré ou d'un hexagone.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la fente annulaire (30) a une largeur entre 1 et 3 mm.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que le diamètre intérieur du tube (18, 18') est entre 4 et 12 mm, de préference entre 4 et 8 mm, et le diamètre de l'insert (26, 26', 34) est entre 2 et 8 mm, de préference entre 2 et 5 mm.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le tube (18, 18') a un épaisseur de parois correspondant approximativement à la moitie du diamétre intérieur du tube.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que le rapport de la longueur du tube (18, 18') qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usage au diamètre intérieur du tube qui se trouve dans la fourrure d'usage est au moins 16.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux tubes (18) disposés dans la fourrure d'usure (7) dudit récipient métallurgique à une distance l'un par rapport à l'autre, par leurs extrémités qui se trouvent en dehors de la fourrure d'usure (7), sont raccordés à un tube d'alimentation de gaz commun (15) au point de vue conduite, l'insert (26, 34) de chacun des tubes (18) étant fixé audit tube d'alimentation de gaz (15).
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que deux tubes (18) disposés dans la fourrure d'usure (7) dudit récipient métallurgique à une distance l'un par rapport à l'autre, par leurs extrémités qui se trouvent en dehors de la fourrure d'usure (7), sont raccordés à un tube d'alimentation de gaz commun (15) au point de vue conduite, et en ce que les deux tubes comprennent un insert (26, 34) commun qui s'étend à partir de la bouche d'un des tubes jusqu'à la bouche de l'autre des tubes.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (26') est fixé en sens axial sur la section de tube (18') qui se trouve en dehors de la fourrage d'usure (7).
- Dispositif de brassage selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'insert (26') est fixé sur le tube (18') par au moins une nervure de support (32, 33).
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le tube (18, 18') comprend une pluralité d'inserts.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que le tube (18) comprend une section de tube linéaire (31) qui s'étend à un angle par rapport à la section de tube (18) qui se trouve dans la fourrure de l'usure (7), l'insert (26, 34) passant à travers ladite section de tube linéaire.
- Dispositif de brassage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que des espaces libres restant entre le tube (18, 18') et une fourrure d'usure constituée de briques réfractaires sont remplies d'une masse réfractaire (25).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3919238A DE3919238A1 (de) | 1989-06-13 | 1989-06-13 | Spueleinrichtung fuer ein metallurgisches gefaess |
DE3919238 | 1989-06-13 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0403466A2 EP0403466A2 (fr) | 1990-12-19 |
EP0403466A3 EP0403466A3 (fr) | 1991-12-18 |
EP0403466B1 true EP0403466B1 (fr) | 1994-12-14 |
Family
ID=6382643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90890176A Expired - Lifetime EP0403466B1 (fr) | 1989-06-13 | 1990-06-07 | Installation de lavage pour un récipient métallurgique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5076551A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0403466B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE115637T1 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3919238A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE43338C (de) * | TH. WHITAKER in Horsforth bei Leeds, Grafschaft York., England: | Stellvorrichtung für Schöpfeimer bei krahnartigen Ausschachtmaschinen | ||
DE43787C (de) * | F. M. ARXER in Dresden | Selbstthätiger Messerschleifapparat für Korkschneidemaschinen | ||
NL14277C (fr) * | 1916-04-15 | |||
US1681913A (en) * | 1924-05-19 | 1928-08-21 | Matic electric inc | |
CH251056A (de) * | 1941-11-20 | 1947-09-30 | Ph Polasek Georg Jiri Mg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Emulgier- und Reinigungsmittels auf Harnstoffharzbasis. |
FR64449E (fr) * | 1953-07-03 | 1955-11-10 | Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de cardage et produits industriels nouveaux en résultant | |
NL296346A (fr) * | 1962-08-07 | |||
US3802684A (en) * | 1972-08-29 | 1974-04-09 | Steel Corp | Tuyere construction |
FR2504664A1 (fr) * | 1981-04-24 | 1982-10-29 | Francais Aciers Speciaux | Dispositif de soufflage de gaz de brassage dans un convertisseur d'affinage des metaux |
US4449701A (en) * | 1982-08-23 | 1984-05-22 | Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation | Tuyere for the injection of gases into a metallurgical vessel |
US4462824A (en) * | 1983-06-14 | 1984-07-31 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation | Annular tuyere |
AT382889B (de) * | 1984-03-15 | 1987-04-27 | Voest Alpine Ag | Spueleinrichtung fuer ein metallurgisches gefaess |
AT384034B (de) * | 1986-02-03 | 1987-09-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | Spueleinrichtung fuer ein metallurgisches gefaess |
NL8600608A (nl) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-10-01 | Hoogovens Groep Bv | Converter voor het bereiden van staal. |
US4735400A (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1988-04-05 | Toshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Plug for a refining apparatus |
DE3810098C1 (fr) * | 1988-03-25 | 1989-03-23 | Radex-Heraklith Industriebeteiligungs Ag, Wien, At | |
US4930757A (en) * | 1989-10-02 | 1990-06-05 | Cominco Ltd. | Tuyere for metallurgical vessels |
-
1989
- 1989-06-13 DE DE3919238A patent/DE3919238A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-05-31 US US07/533,177 patent/US5076551A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-07 EP EP90890176A patent/EP0403466B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-06-07 DE DE59007984T patent/DE59007984D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-06-07 AT AT90890176T patent/ATE115637T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE115637T1 (de) | 1994-12-15 |
EP0403466A3 (fr) | 1991-12-18 |
US5076551A (en) | 1991-12-31 |
DE3919238A1 (de) | 1990-12-20 |
EP0403466A2 (fr) | 1990-12-19 |
DE59007984D1 (de) | 1995-01-26 |
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