EP0402844B1 - Arrangement à un ouvrage creux enterré dans le sol pour le transport et/ou le stockage de liquides polluants - Google Patents

Arrangement à un ouvrage creux enterré dans le sol pour le transport et/ou le stockage de liquides polluants Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0402844B1
EP0402844B1 EP90111057A EP90111057A EP0402844B1 EP 0402844 B1 EP0402844 B1 EP 0402844B1 EP 90111057 A EP90111057 A EP 90111057A EP 90111057 A EP90111057 A EP 90111057A EP 0402844 B1 EP0402844 B1 EP 0402844B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixture
ground
dry
grained portion
sealing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90111057A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0402844A3 (fr
EP0402844A2 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Walter Bau AG
Original Assignee
Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG filed Critical Dyckerhoff and Widmann AG
Priority to AT90111057T priority Critical patent/ATE92132T1/de
Publication of EP0402844A2 publication Critical patent/EP0402844A2/fr
Publication of EP0402844A3 publication Critical patent/EP0402844A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0402844B1 publication Critical patent/EP0402844B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/004—Sealing liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
    • E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
    • E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement on a hollow structure which is at least partially embedded in the ground or surrounded by the ground and has a wall which absorbs earth pressure for the transport and / or storage of environmentally hazardous substances, such as e.g. a sewage pipe, a light liquid separator, a heating oil tank or the like to protect the soil or groundwater against a possible leakage of liquid.
  • environmentally hazardous substances such as e.g. a sewage pipe, a light liquid separator, a heating oil tank or the like to protect the soil or groundwater against a possible leakage of liquid.
  • Pipes for sewage pipes are usually laid in the sand bed.
  • a sand bed provides the pipes with a full support while avoiding point storage. If leaks occur, the contaminated wastewater transported in these lines penetrates into the sand bed. Since sand has a very high permeability, the water in the sand bed is usually transported over great distances parallel to the pipeline at the interface with the often impermeable soil before it emerges into the ground transversely to the pipeline. So contamination of the groundwater can often occur at locations that are far away from the actual damage.
  • the invention has for its object to arrange a hollow structure of the type specified, in particular a sewage pipe with the associated inlet, shaft and other structures, a container or the like so that even the longitudinal, as well as the transverse spreading of leachate, but above all the penetration of pollutants into the surrounding soil with danger to the groundwater can be prevented in the long term.
  • this object is achieved in that the wall of the hollow structure in whole or in part, but at least in its base area, by a sealing layer with a high solid content from a non-hardening mixture of mineral sealing materials, in particular clay minerals, such as e.g. Montmorillonite, surrounded by minerals.
  • mineral sealing materials in particular clay minerals, such as e.g. Montmorillonite, surrounded by minerals.
  • the basic idea of the invention is to surround the hollow structure in question, at least in its base region, if not completely, by a sealing layer which has the highest possible resistance to the passage of pollutants, i.e. has a high solids content with a correspondingly low pore volume; the sealing layer must be flow and diffusion-tight and at the same time should have a sorbing effect for the pollutants, at least to prevent them from escaping into the ground.
  • the size of the laws of convection, diffusion and sorption can be described with sufficient accuracy by the permeability coefficient k f , the diffusion coefficient kJ and the sorption coefficient S. These factors are independent of the time, provided that mineral materials are used for the sealing layer, the durability of which is guaranteed over historical periods. It is therefore essential for the invention that mineral sealants, in particular clay minerals, such as montmorillonite, bentonite or the like, are used for this sealing layer, and that this layer is constructed and composed in such a way that the convection and diffusion through the layer are as small as possible and the sorption, that is, the accumulation capacity of the pollutants becomes as large as possible.
  • mineral sealants in particular clay minerals, such as montmorillonite, bentonite or the like
  • a sealing layer with a high solid content and the smallest possible pore volume, that is to say with a particularly tight storage of the sealant, as is essential for the invention, can best be produced. if the sealant is processed, mixed and installed dry and the water required for the functionality of the mixture as a sealing layer is subsequently added; the natural soil moisture is sufficient for this. This creates the prerequisite for the individual constituents of the mixture to be classified according to grain size and type of substance and then to be put together according to appropriate recipes. In this way, not only a particularly dense storage of the sealants, but also a composition of the same can be achieved both according to the grain size and according to the type that can be matched to a particular extent to any pollutants that may occur. With regard to the structure of the sealing layer, reference can be made to the content of DE 37 17 884 A1, and for the installation of the sealants to that of DE 37 17 885 A1.
  • the construction of the dry mixture from a fine and a coarse grain fraction is based on the unpublished patent application according to DE 38 23 874 C1.
  • Their basic idea is to dimension the structure of the coarse grain fraction in a mixture of two inherently stable components, namely a fine and a coarse grain fraction, so that the fine grain can penetrate into the free pore spaces as if it were a liquid with low compression energy. This is the case if the largest grain of the fine grain fraction is equal to or less than approximately one tenth of the smallest grain of the coarse grain fraction.
  • the total mixture is unstable with regard to the fine grain fraction. This allows filling of all pores of the grain structure up to close to the theoretical degree of sealing regardless of the delivery condition of the dry mixture.
  • This instability of the dry mix is the prerequisite for achieving great homogeneity and density in the final state; The mixture obtains its stability when moisture is added and the cohesion of the fine particles is awakened.
  • the coarse grain structure which can consist of one or more grain fractions, has a sufficiently large permeability for the fine grain and the volume of the fine grain fraction is equal or slightly larger is the pore volume of the coarse grain fraction.
  • the confluence of the two material components can be further improved by using materials in the fine grain fraction that have a particularly small internal friction angle, such as Montmorillonite.
  • the advantage of the invention is that it is possible by embedding the entire sewer system in such a sealing layer, even in the event of any damage to the pipeline itself, as well as to shaft structures, etc., both the longitudinal and also to prevent the cross-transport of any contaminated leachate to the surrounding soil. Even if small amounts of liquid should pass through the sealing layer over time, be it by convection or diffusion, the pollutants are retained in the sealing layer by sorption, so that there is no fear of any environmental degradation.
  • the impermeability of the layer increases over time, because the accumulation or deposition of the pollutants in the pore spaces previously occupied by pore water means that they are added over time.
  • the sealing layer according to the invention when installed in a dry state, similar to a sand bed, offers a full support for and embedding the pipelines. Since these are natural materials that occur in nature and do not change their properties in geological time periods, the system also lasts for such time periods.
  • the dry clay minerals When installing the sealing material in a dry state, the problem could arise that the dry clay minerals, be it from the ground or be it from precipitation, absorb moisture, thereby becoming sticky and adhering to the processing equipment.
  • a hydrophobizing agent e.g. Stearic acid can be used.
  • Such water repellents are expediently mixed in during the preparation of the dry mixture;
  • the components of this dry mixture have a very high internal friction, so that the added hydrophobizing agents are distributed relatively well and form a thin film on the surface of the individual grains. Since such hydrophobizing agents are generally organic compounds, they are broken down relatively quickly in the soil, so that the clay minerals can then absorb moisture.
  • the invention is of course not limited to use on sewage pipes, ie sewer systems, even if this is initially seen as an essential area of application. In the same way it is possible to store containers of any kind, shape and size for the storage of environmentally hazardous substances such as heating oil tanks, light liquid separators, sewage treatment plants etc. in the manner according to the invention or to envelop.
  • FIG. 1 A typical cross section through a pipeline designed according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the remaining area of the pipe trench 1 above the sealing layer 3 is filled in a manner known per se by a layer 4 of sand, gravel or the like.
  • the pipe trench 1 When laying the pipeline after the production of the pipe trench 1, it will first be filled up to a height h 1 with the material forming the sealing layer. The pipes 2 are then laid on the lower layer 3 'thus formed in a manner known per se. Thereafter, the pipe trench 1 is still filled with sealing material, which does not necessarily have to reach the height h 2 shown in FIG. 1; in many cases it is sufficient if the tube 2 is embedded in the sealing material only in its bottom region, for example up to its largest horizontal diameter. Of course, greater security offers full embedding.
  • the material for the formation of the sealing layer can basically be installed wet, damp or dry.
  • the pipes 2 When installing in the wet state, the pipes 2 must first be supported by spacers and later secured against floating. Dense storage of the sealing material with a high solid content, which is particularly important for the invention, can only be achieved if the sealing material is installed in a dry state.
  • the grain structure of the sealant must of course match the dimensions of the structure to be embedded, e.g. the pipe diameter.
  • the coarse grain fraction should consist of material with a grain size of 2 to 4 mm and the fine grain fraction should consist of material with a grain size of 0 to 0.2 mm.
  • Large pipes or containers can also be processed with larger grain sizes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Agencement d'un ouvrage de construction creux (2, 7), au moins partiellement noyé dans le sol, respectivement entouré par le sol, avec une paroi, supportant la pression du sol, pour le transport et/ou le stockage de substances nuisibles à l'environnement, telles que par exemple une conduite d'eau usée, un séparateur de liquide léger, un réservoir à fioul ou analogue, en vue de protéger le sol ou la nappe phréatique contre une éventuelle sortie de liquide, caractérisé en ce que la paroi de l'ouvrage de construction creux (2, 7) est entourée, totalement ou partiellement, mais au moins dans sa zone de sole, par une couche d'étanchéité (3) présentant une proportion élevée en matière solide, composée d'un mélange non durcissant réalisé à partir de matériaux d'étanchéité minéraux, en particulier des minéraux argileux, comme par exemple la montmorillonite, avec addition de substances minérales.
2. Mélange sec pour la fabrication d'une couche d'étanchéité selon la revendication 1, de telle façon que les matériaux formant la couche d'étanchéité soient prémélangés à l'état sec et intégrés, sous forme de mélange sec, et en ce que l'humidité nécessaire pour l'efficacité du mélange comme couche d'étanchéité est ajoutée après mise en place, caractérisé en ce que le mélange est composé d'une partie à granulométrie fine et d'une partie à granulométrie grossière, le volume de la partie à granulométrie fine étant égal ou supérieur au volume de pores de la partie à granulométrie grossière et le grain maximal de la partie à granulométrie fine étant égal ou inférieur à à peu près le dixième du plus petit grain de la partie à granulométrie grossière.
3. Mélange sec selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la partie à granulométrie grossière du mélange est d'à peu près 60 % et composée, de préférence, d'un matériau d'une granulométrie comprise entre 2 et 4 mm, et la partie à granulométrie fine est d'à peu près 40 % et de préférence composée d'un matériau d'une granulométrie comprise en 0 et 0,2 mm.
4. Mélange sec selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le mélange contient sous forme d'additif des matériaux en mesure de retenir, par adsorption physique et/ou chimique, les substances nocives contenues dans les liquides, pour les empêcher de passer à travers la paroi de l'ouvrage.
5. Mélange sec selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les composants du mélange sont dans un état hydrophobe, au moins jusqu'à leur mise en oeuvre.
EP90111057A 1989-06-15 1990-06-12 Arrangement à un ouvrage creux enterré dans le sol pour le transport et/ou le stockage de liquides polluants Expired - Lifetime EP0402844B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90111057T ATE92132T1 (de) 1989-06-15 1990-06-12 Anordnung an einem in den erdboden eingebetteten hohlbauwerk zum transport und/oder zur lagerung umweltgefaehrdender fluessigkeiten.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3919539 1989-06-15
DE3919539A DE3919539A1 (de) 1989-06-15 1989-06-15 Hohlbauwerk zum transport und/oder zur lagerung umweltgefaehrdender stoffe

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0402844A2 EP0402844A2 (fr) 1990-12-19
EP0402844A3 EP0402844A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
EP0402844B1 true EP0402844B1 (fr) 1993-07-28

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90111057A Expired - Lifetime EP0402844B1 (fr) 1989-06-15 1990-06-12 Arrangement à un ouvrage creux enterré dans le sol pour le transport et/ou le stockage de liquides polluants

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EP (1) EP0402844B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE92132T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3919539A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL1936042T3 (pl) * 2006-12-19 2009-11-30 Matthaei Bauunternehmen Gmbh & Co Kg Samouszczelniający materiał uszczelniający do uszczelniania powierzchni gruntu

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4439062A (en) * 1981-12-21 1984-03-27 American Colloid Co. Sealing system and method for sealing earthen containers
AT387343B (de) * 1987-04-09 1989-01-10 Franz Dipl Ing Hippmann Anlage und verfahren zum deponieren und lagern von abfall, muell und dgl.
DE3717885C3 (de) * 1987-05-27 1994-12-15 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen einer Dichtungsschicht aus mineralischen Dichtungsmaterialien
DE8804832U1 (fr) * 1988-04-13 1988-05-26 Preussag Ag Bauwesen, 3005 Hemmingen, De
DE3823874C1 (en) * 1988-07-14 1989-11-16 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De Dry mixture for producing a flat-spread sealing layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0402844A3 (fr) 1991-02-06
ATE92132T1 (de) 1993-08-15
DE59002076D1 (de) 1993-09-02
DE3919539A1 (de) 1990-12-20
EP0402844A2 (fr) 1990-12-19

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