EP0402129A2 - Système d'identification de position - Google Patents

Système d'identification de position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0402129A2
EP0402129A2 EP90306182A EP90306182A EP0402129A2 EP 0402129 A2 EP0402129 A2 EP 0402129A2 EP 90306182 A EP90306182 A EP 90306182A EP 90306182 A EP90306182 A EP 90306182A EP 0402129 A2 EP0402129 A2 EP 0402129A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
processing unit
tag
signals
unit
central processing
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EP90306182A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0402129A3 (fr
Inventor
Ralph P Devoy
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Individual
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
    • G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B3/1008—Personal calling arrangements or devices, i.e. paging systems
    • G08B3/1016—Personal calling arrangements or devices, i.e. paging systems using wireless transmission
    • G08B3/1083—Pager locating systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an identification system, for identifying individuals within a facility.
  • This type of situation is merely one example of the application of the present invention. It will be appreciated that the invention would also be applicable to a situation where it is desirable to be able to pinpoint the location and identity of individuals within a facility or institution, for any other reason. For example, in hospitals it may be desirable to be able to locate key care persons, or medical personnel, in emergencies. In other facilities or institutions where security is a requirement, it may be desirable to be able to locate and identify individuals in any secure location.
  • each tag signal has a tag pulse rate unique to that tag, which the tag will be emitting continuously twenty-four hours a day.
  • the tag will be battery-powered, and will have a life time equivalent to the life of the battery.
  • a detector unit It is also necessary for a detector unit to receive and identify more than one tag moving through a controlled location simultaneously.
  • the invention comprises a location identification system which, in turn, comprises a plurality of individual tag means adapted to be carried on the person, each tag being adapted to continuously emit signals at a tag pulse rate unique to that tag, and at least one location detector unit adapted to be placed at a detector location, said detector unit, in turn, comprising a signal processing unit having micro-processing means, antenna means adapted to receive tag signals from said tags and connected to said signal processing unit, direction sensor means adapted to generate direction signals responsive to an individual at said detector location and connected to said signal processing unit whereby said signal processing unit will respond to tag signals from said antenna means only when said direction signals have been received from said direction sensor means, and central processing means adapted to communicate with said at least one signal processing unit, and to receive from said signal processing unit movement signals indicating the movement of an individual past said detector unit.
  • the invention comprises an identification system having the foregoing advantages which, in turn, comprises a direction sensor means responsive to the direction of movement of an individual relative to said direction sensor means.
  • the invention comprises an identification system having the foregoing advantages which, in turn, comprises a plurality of said detector units, and master data concentrator means for receiving signals from said signal processing units of said plurality of detector units, and transmitting data therein to said central processing means.
  • the invention comprises an identification system having the foregoing advantages and further including receiver means connected to said antenna means and, in turn, connected to deliver signals from said antenna means to said signal processing unit, whereby to amplify signals from said antenna means.
  • the invention comprises an identification system having the foregoing advantages and in which said and said receiver means includes gain control means operable to adjust said receiver means.
  • said direction sensor means comprises heat responsive sensor means, adapted to sense the heat of an individual at a said monitor locations.
  • the invention is illustrated schematically, with reference to what may be called a detector location, in this case represented as doorway D.
  • a detector location in this case represented as doorway D.
  • An individual or person indicated as P is shown wearing a tag T. While the tag T is shown mounted on the wrist, it will, of course, be appreciated that such a tag T may be any form of a badge, or body pack, wrist band, convenient for attachment to the person.
  • each tag will incorporate a battery source of power, and a small radio transmitter emitting a signal at a predetermined frequency.
  • the tag signal will, in a well known manner, incorporate a tag pulse rate unique to that tag, such pulse rate indicating the identity of the individual.
  • Tags emitting signals are known per se, and the manner in which a unique tag pulse rate is incorporated in the signal is also well within the knowledge of the state of the art.
  • tags emitting signals at the same predetermined frequency.
  • the tag pulse rate of each tag will, of course, be personalized to each individual.
  • the detector locations may be located around key doorways, passageway locations, or at entrances to and exits from the facility.
  • a location detector unit U comprising at least two sensors, namely a radio signal sensor or antenna indicated as 1 and a direction sensor indicated as 2.
  • the direction sensor 2 in the particular embodiment illustrated, is in the form of a heat sensor, adapted to respond to the body heat of an individual, and generate a direction signal.
  • the direction sensor 2 of Figure 1 functions to emit a generally fan-shaped beam B, over an arc of approximately 120 degrees.
  • the depth of the beam B is confined, being in the region of about eight inches, i.e., corresponding to not much more than the depth of a typical doorway.
  • the beam functions so that when it is interrupted by an individual, it will cause the direction sensor to send out a direction signal.
  • the signal will indicate both movement of an individual and the direction of movement of the individual through the beam.
  • the direction sensor will thus sense any movement by an individual whether tagged or untagged.
  • the direction sensor 2 may be replaced by a pair of direction sensors 2a and 2b, mounted on side portions of the doorway indicated as D.
  • Such sensors 2a and 2b emit two shallow beams B1 and B2 along generally spaced-apart axes so that a person moving through the doorway or other detector location, cuts one beam and then the other, and thus determines the direction of movement.
  • This information is then recorded by the signal processing unit and activates the unit to examine tag signals, and the information is, in turn, transferred to the central processing unit as described below.
  • the direction sensor 2 is connected to a signal processing unit 4 mounted at the monitored location.
  • the signal processing unit 4 includes suitable micro processing means for processing signals from antenna 1 and sensor 2.
  • the function of the direction sensor is to send direction signals as they are generated, to the signal processing unit 4.
  • the signal processing unit 4 in the absence of receiving a direction signal, will not examine any tag signals, which may have been picked up at the antenna.
  • the processing unit is then activated so that it processes the tag signal, from the tag which is passing through the doorway.
  • the signal processing unit will process all tag signals from any tag within the vicinity of the detector units. However, the signal processing unit is able to identify each individual who is actually passing through the doorway, or other location, in a manner described below.
  • the signal from the direction sensor to the signal processing unit in addition to simply activating the signal processing unit to make it responsive to a tag signal, also informs the signal processing unit as to the direction of movement of that individual.
  • the signal processing unit will thus store both information regarding the direction of movement of the individual as detected by the direction sensor, and also information regarding the tag, and the unique pulse rate emitted by the tag.
  • the antenna 1 is connected to a receiver and gain control 3 which is, in turn, connected to the signal processing unit 4.
  • the receiver and gain control 3 has two functions. In the first place, it tunes the receiver sensitivity to the particular location or doorway, and in the second place, it amplifies signals received, for transmission to the signal processing unit 4.
  • any particular monitor location may vary considerably from location to location within a facility. For example, some may be close to areas normally used by tagged individuals, and others may be distant. Accordingly, the receiver and gain control 3 is timeable at the time installation is made, so as to optimize the performance of the receiver 3. As will appear below, the gain control can also be reset from time to time, if the characteristics of the monitor location are changed in such a way which affect the performance of the receiver 3.
  • the antenna 1 is designed to operate over a limited range, so as to avoid picking up too many unwanted signals. Its design is such as to operate satisfactorily within a normal sized doorway in a facility. In some cases, however, doorways or other locations may be made oversize. In other cases, monitor locations may be required in passageways or hallways. In this case, two or more such antennas may be required, mounted at spaced intervals.
  • Groups of signals processing units will be connected to master concentrator units 5. There may be up to eight such signal processing units 4 connected to one master concentrator unit 5.
  • the function of the master concentrator unit 5 is to transmit data from the signal processing unit 4. Such a connection is made via an six-wire system.
  • the connection provides the following services, namely, power supply, a shielded ground, polling of the door processing units 4, receiver sensitivity, telephone communications, and audible alarm signals.
  • a plurality of slave data concentrators 5a, etc., are connected to the master concentrator unit 5.
  • Each of the slave data concentrators will be connected to a further group of signal processing units 4.
  • the master concentrator Unit 5 is, in turn, connected to a polling terminal unit 6, the function of which is to send polling signals to each of the signal processing units 4, in turn, to obtain updated data regarding signals detected at each location.
  • the polling terminal unit 6 is, in turn, connected to a central processing unit 7.
  • a monitor terminal unit 8 Also connected to the central processing unit is a monitor terminal unit 8, the function of which is to analyze and display the results of the polling process.
  • a central processing unit 7 typically has a monitor 9 and a keyboard 10.
  • the central processing unit 7 would typically be located in a nurses' station, administrative office, or security office in the facility. It would be adapted to continuously update information from the polling terminal unit 6, and to store the information received.
  • the central processing unit 7 will collect data of movements of all individuals who passed through a monitor location, and store in its memory the identities of individuals who have been identified as having passed.
  • a zone an area between any two monitoring locations.
  • the zones will be referred to simply as zone A, zone B, and zone C, for simplicity in understanding the following explanation, and without any limitation.
  • such zones may represent adjacent connected rooms, where a detector unit is located at the doorway from one room to another and so on. In other cases, the zones may be wards, or wings of a facility, or simply exit doorways.
  • the central processing unit 7 will receive a signal to the effect that an individual has passed. It will then store that information, indicating that that individual is presently located in zone B. It will also record the previous information in a permanent file and delete from its current memory information to the effect that the individual was in zone A.
  • the central processing unit 7 will also store information regarding individuals who have moved from zone B to zone A or to zone C etc.
  • the central processing unit 7 will, at any given time, provide lists of tagged individuals, present in each of the zones being monitored.
  • the central processing unit 7 will also be adapted to provide a visual and audible warning signal in the event of an individual moving into or out of a zone in an unauthorized manner.
  • the central processing unit 7 will also respond to signals indicating the presence and movement of individuals who are either wearing tags which are not functioning, or which are not authorized, such persons being referred to as "unidentified” and also to the presence and movement of individuals who are not wearing tags, and are, therefore, referred to as "untagged".
  • the central processing unit 7 will, in a typical case, be connected to a monitor terminal unit, and a monitor and keyboard, an uninterrupted power supply 11, and to a main power supply 12, a speaker 13, a modem 14, a printer 15, and, for example, possibly to the facility paging system 16.
  • an unauthorized movement by an individual In the event that an unauthorized movement by an individual is recorded in the central processing unit 7, it will first of all, in a typical situation, emit visual and audible warning signals. In the event of a predetermined time delay occurring after the warning signal, it will then send out a paging signal to locate the security person responsible for the monitored areas or zones where the movement occurred. The security person responsible, can then check the central processing unit and in the case of an unauthorized movement of a person wearing a tag, the security person can then send someone to check on that individual. In the event that the signal indicates an unidentified or untagged person, then other appropriate steps can be initiated.
  • the present system is provided with a control means placed between each of detector unit and central processing unit to permit communication between systems service personnel.
  • This control means comprises telephone jacks 17 which are incorporated in each signal processing unit 4, and in each master concentrator unit 5.
  • a telephone indicated as 18 may be connected directly to a signal processing unit, or to a master concentrator unit, by service personnel, for reasons to be described below.
  • a telephone indicated as 18 plugged into a signal processing unit 4 or a master concentrator unit 5 may be connected directly to a service facility located thousands of miles away via modem 14 ( Figure 13) such a service facility is indicated generally as a CPU 20 and modem 22.
  • a remote service facility 20 Through the various circuits in the central processing unit, and the software programs, it will be possible for such a remote service facility 20 to check the performance of the signal processing unit, or the master concentrator unit. If the components are found which have gone out of adjustment, or if, for example, the signal processing unit 4 requires some adjustment of its receiver and gain control 3, then the service personnel at the remote location can send the appropriate signals over the telephone wire, and any possible corrections, and adjustments will be made.
  • the signal processing unit 4 is provided with a port 4a for connection of future devices (not shown) which may be developed.
  • an interface has been provided in the hardware to connect the master concentrator unit to another processor.
  • a second processor may be added to the system with appropriate specifications to manage the increased demand.
  • the first processor will function as the communications controller.
  • the operation of the system proceeds, in general, as follows. Assuming no one is passing a controlled location or doorway, then the direction sensor 2 will not detect the presence of an individual. Consequently, the signal processing unit 4 will ignore any signals picked up by the antenna 1.
  • the antenna 1 on the other hand, will pick up signals from tags which may happen to be within the range, from persons moving around in one zone but not moving past the direction sensor. However, these tag signals will be ignored by the signal unit, so long as no direction signal has been received.
  • the signal processing unit 4 will then start examining tag signals from the antenna.
  • the processing unit will acquire the combined information both from the direction signals and the tag signals, and evaluate them in the manner described below.
  • This evaluation is carried out by a microprocessor in the signal processing unit 4, and consists of evaluating the direction signal as to the direction of movement, and determining the tag pulse rate, or rates, if more than one is present, from the tag signals being received.
  • This information is stored in the signal processing unit 4 until the polling terminal unit 6 sends, through the master data concentrator, to the signal processing unit 4, a request for information.
  • the signal processing unit 4 then responds by sending back information through the master data concentrator to the polling terminal unit together with an ID signal indicating the location of the signal processing unit 4 itself.
  • the polling terminal unit 6 is polling signal processing units 4 in fact every two to eight seconds, depending upon the size of the facility and the number of different signal processing units 4.
  • the polling terminal unit 6 will, in turn, deliver the information received to the central processing unit 7.
  • the central processing unit 7 will than identify the threshold value, the tag is shown as not present. Because of the way the tag factor is manipulated the tag is required to be detected at least twice so as to avoid problems with random noise bursts. A detailed explanation follows under the heading "Activity Window".
  • Tags are detected and stored in the signal processing unit 4 using the tag calibration number. This number is the period in micro-seconds between the tag pulses.
  • the method for detecting tags is described below as well as in the flow chart shown as tag array evaluation routine on Figures 4 and 5. It is important to note that the tag calibration number will vary by a few counts from one sample to the next. For this reason, when comparisons are made of the tag calibration number, the comparison is always an approximate compare rather than an absolute compare. This allows for system jitter as well as the normal +/- 1 count error normally encountered in digital counting function.
  • the central processing unit 7 provides control of the communication process with each detector unit by means of a two-wire multi-drop system. This type of system requires that only one device on the network can be transmitting at one time. Each location is given a unique address which is set in hardware when the unit is installed.
  • the communication process consists of a message sent to each detector unit by the central processing unit 7. This message includes the address of the location detector unit being polled as well as data specifying what action is requested. This message from the central processing unit will always result in a reply message from the location detector unit.
  • the message from the location detector unit will always be in a predictable format, and in the case of a poll for tag data the response will also include an error checking byte, to ensure date integrity.
  • the message to the location detector unit will either be a request for tag data (a poll), or a command function.
  • the format of the communication protocol is described below.
  • the central processing unit's flow chart shown on figure 7, describes the system in the monitor mode. This is the normal operating mode polling each location detector unit, and displaying the alarm data.
  • the software includes other functions whose purpose is to modify the data in the various data files. These functions are not shown in the flow chart.
  • the location detector unit data file relates the address of the location detector unit to data describing the actual location. This includes the location name as well as priority data.
  • the tag data file and patient data file relates the tag calibration number to the assigned patient information. This includes the patient name, ward or room, a comment or description, and priority data.
  • Each patient is assigned a priority from 1 to 9.
  • Each monitored location is independently configurable as to which priorities are considered alarm conditions.
  • the priority data allows the system to respond differently to different patients at different locations.
  • the system has had ten levels of priority which can be related to the display function, to each location, to the alarm sound map, and to the paging schedule. For example, using the priority capability, one category of patients may be allowed to go through a particular monitored location while another category is not. As well, one supervisory person may be paged for a certain category of patients while another supervisory person will be paged for a different category of patients.
  • a category has been assigned for instances when a person goes through a monitored location without a tag, called "Untagged". Usually it is unnecessary to monitor untagged people going through a monitored location. In this case, the display of untagged events will be ignored by the system using the priority system. In a situation when it is important to note the entry or exit of any person it is possible to allow the display of untagged persons as well as normally tagged persons.
  • the alarm sound file relates one of four unique alarm sounds, or the lack of sound, to each priority level. This allows supervisory people working in the area of the central processing unit to be aware of priority without seeing the monitor screen.
  • the paging function allows up to three pagers 16 to be optionally used with the system. Using a pager frees the system supervisor from having to continually monitor the screen. When an alarm condition occurs, the paging is initiated and the supervisory person is notified.
  • the fundamental operations of the signal processing unit 4 include detecting the tags, servicing the serial channel, and sending status information back to the central processing unit to allow it to monitor the location for error conditions.
  • the following error conditions may be signalled to the central processing unit from the location detector unit:
  • This timeout forces each loop at default to be about .25 seconds long. This controls the timing of the damping function. A longer loop allows tags to remain in the tag buffer longer, and a shorter loop allows people to be detected more quickly. The length of this timeout may be changed if necessary using a command function.
  • the serial service consists of an interrupt function which stores each byte as it is received and checks to see if it is an address byte.
  • the format of each message has the address byte last in the message.
  • the receive interrupts are turned off while the serial service routine responds to the message. The message will have already been stored in the buffer.
  • the calibration functions are used to adjust the calibration and configuration of the location detector unit and associated receivers. To set the system range and normalize multiple receiver sensitivity, a number of computer controlled adjustments have been included. As well, each receiver channel (1 - 4) may be turned on and off remotely to support adjustment and test.
  • a repoll flag is set.
  • the signal processing unit 4 will not delete information from the error status or the tag butter until the central processing unit indicates that the information has been received correctly.
  • the central processing unit will repoll a unit 4 if the message from the unit 4 is not received or is in an incorrect format. If the central processing unit receives the message from the unit 4 correctly, it will poll the next location detector unit U. For this reason, a repoll flag is set when the tag data or the error status byte is sent to the central processing unit.
  • the data will not be deleted until an address byte is detected for a different location detector unit U, indicating that the message was received correctly. When the different address byte is seen the repoll flag is cleared allowing the data to be deleted.
  • the byte echo command allows a simple error rate test to be run over the communication channel.
  • the central processing unit sends a byte and the location detector unit echoes the bytes back to the central processing unit.
  • the fill tag array function accumulates the data required to test for the presence of one or more tags near the location detector unit.
  • the array fill function is terminated by reception of 64 samples or 32 milliseconds, whichever comes first.
  • the tag array evaluation routine is described in detail below.
  • the interrupt functions are as short as possible to minimize interference with other functions.
  • the real time clock controls several time delays.
  • the norm oper LED counter blinks an LED indicator showing the normal MPU operation.
  • the activity reset counter creates a delay after a door activity event for two seconds to minimize the incidence of multiple responses to the same event.
  • a single sample of a tag signal may be lost for a number of reasons.
  • the orientation of the tag and the receiver will vary the strength of the tag signal and may momentarily cancel the signal at the receiver.
  • a special strategy is used to accumulate the presence of a tag with multiple samples. This technique also allows the detection of a tag which is present at the receiver a few moments before the direction sensor signal occurs, or a few moments afterwards.
  • tag samples indicate a series of samples detecting a particular tag.
  • the darkened samples indicate tag detect; and the empty samples indicate no tag detect.
  • the tag factor ranges from 0 to 14. When the factor is above 6, the tag is considered to be present. As seen in figure 11, it is not necessary for a tag to be detected at each sample to remain a valid tag. Also note that a tag is not valid until it has been detected at least two times. This tends to eliminate random noise sources from being detected as a valid tag. After a tag disappears the tag factor continues to decrease but will remain valid until the factor decreases below the threshold. When the tag factor reaches 0, it is deleted from the array.
  • figure 11 shows a typical tag detect.
  • the tag is first detected, the calibration value is saved, and the factor increases to four.
  • the tag factor increases to 8
  • the tag factor increases to 8
  • the tag factor reaches max factor value, the factor will not increase above this value no matter how long the tag is being detected.
  • the tag signal is lost, the tag factor begins to decrease. Even though the tag is no longer detected, it continues to remain a valid tag for a period of time until point E, when the tag factor falls below the minimum factor threshold.
  • Tags may be detected at any time, but they do not become part of an event until door activity is sensed by the direction sensor 2.
  • the location detector unit begins an activity window which lasts for approximately two seconds. During this period, any tag which appears above the minimum tag factor threshold is locked into the tag buffer until it is polled by the central processing unit.
  • Tag A detect occurred before the first person walked through the door. Because of the effect described above, the tag factor is still above the minimum tag factor threshold when the activity window starts. Because the tag factor is above the minimum factor, it is locked into the buffer at point B.
  • Tag B detect occurs after the second person has gone through the door. During the activity window any tag with a factor above the minimum tag factor threshold is locked into the buffer. Tag B is locked into the buffer at point C. After the activity window ends, at D, no more tags are locked into the buffer. However the tags do not disappear as shown above, rather they are kept locked in the buffer until they are polled by the central processing unit. In this way, tag detect does not have to occur at the moment the door activity occurs, but may occur from approximately two seconds before to two seconds afterwards.
  • a tag When a tag is detected during an activity window, it remains locked in the buffer until after it is polled by the central processing unit. If the central processing unit is not in monitor mode this can be a long time. When a second event occurs before polling occurs additional tags will continue to be locked into the buffer as door events occur. The buffer can hold up to a maximum of eight tags. When the next poll occurs all tags in the buffer are sent to the central processing unit.
  • the present method permits reliable detection of up to four tags simultaneously. This is limited by the number of samples stored for evaluation, and represents a practical upper limit for this application of the technology.
  • the input to the receiver 3 contains a series of pulses.
  • the source of these pulses will be one or more tag transmitters.
  • Each tag transmitter will have a specific pulse rate, this rate will range from approximately 500 Hz to 1000 Hz.
  • the central processing unit is configured to include a free-running 16 bit counter with a count rate of .5 usec per count. Each time a pulse occurs an interrupt is generated taking the count state and storing it in a table in memory. During the sample period a table of up to 64 pulse events will be created. After the sample period, the table of entries will be evaluated to determine which tag transmitter or transmitters were the source of the pulses
  • An example shows a table of pulse rates wherein the tag frequency is related to the MPU counter running at 2 Mhz.: Transmitter Rate (Hz) CPO Counts Tag ID No. 1000 2000 1 996 2008 2 992 2016 3 988 2024 4 . . . . . 501 3992
  • Evaluation of the table of pulse events would be accomplished by starting at the beginning of the table and noting the difference between the first and the second entries. If this difference is between 2000 and 3992, they are probably the result of a single transmitter; if the difference is less than 2000 it is assumed that the two entries are from different transmitters. The third and fourth entries will be examined until a difference between 2000 and 3992 is found. The difference between the two entries will predict a series of table entries which will be tested. If sufficient numbers of these table entries exist the related transmitter will be detected. All the entries in the table related to that transmitter will be deleted. The CPU will return to the beginning of the table and look for a non-deleted entry. If none are found only one transmitter will be detected; if there are still non-deleted entries they will be evaluated as above.
  • the MPU chosen for this system has a built-in hardware function allowing the counter value to be saved without software intervention. This eliminates the problem of measurement skew as a result of interrupt response latency.
  • Example 1 a single transmitter with a 996 pulse rate with pulses 2008 counts apart.
  • the table entries 1 and 2 would suggest a valid card with the 2008 pulse interval. Entries 3,4,5,6, etc., would be examined to validate that possibility. All entries would be deleted with the value of 11625 + (n x 2008), related to that transmitter. With the exception of spurious noise pulses all entries would be deleted from the table.
  • Example 2 two transmitters:
  • the difference between first two table entries is only 80; it is assumed that they are from two different transmitters.
  • the difference between entry 1 and entry 3 is 2048 which is a possible transmitter.
  • the table is examined for all possible entries which will be 23428 + (n x 2048). Entries 3,5,7, etc., are found to satisfy this.
  • the 976.6 transmitter is detected and all related entries are deleted leaving entries 2,4,6, etc.
  • the difference between entry 2 and 4 is 2008 which is a possible transmitter.
  • This protocol describes the communication between the central processing unit and the location detector unit.
  • the data from the central processing unit will consist of three possible messages: a polling request, a command, or a string of data. Polling request and command bytes are sent last byte first with the address byte last. Block data transfers are made with the lowest address or first byte first, and the highest address byte last.
  • the number of bytes/number of hits bytes are the results of the last sample. They are significant only to the CALIB functions to descriminate between no tag data and too much noise.
  • the first byte is normally the address byte with the valid tag detect bit set appropriately.
  • the valid tag bit is used in calibration to detect that the gain/threshold has reached the threshold of detection.
  • the second byte of a command response is the command sent by the CPU. Exceptions to this are inherent in the command type, e.g., echo byte and dump memory respond with their appropriate data.
  • the present system is including the capability to do maintenance, troubleshooting, and calibration from a remote location using modems.
  • the service personnel will then connect their CPU 20 in their premises via the modems 22 and 14 with the central processing unit 7.
  • the serviceman can then check the condition of the microprocessor and the receiver 3 at the location in question, via the receiver sensitivity circuit. In this way, they can test and evaluate the condition of all of the components and circuits in both the door processing unit 4 and the receiver 3. Once the problem is determined, and assuming it is a problem affecting the gain of the receiver 3, then the receiver 3 is adjusted so as to correct the gain of the receiver 3 back to its optimum performance. If, on the other hand, some other problem is detected, then it is simply necessary for the security personnel at the facility to replace either the door processing unit 4 or the receiver 3 with a backup unit, and return the faulty one to the service personnel for repair.
  • the communication link between the central processing unit and the location detector unit is a poll/response system.
  • the central processing unit sends a poll or command request and the addressed location detector unit responds with the poll status or a command acknowledge.
  • the data rate is 480 baud.
  • the remote diagnostic capability uses the same arrangement except that the data transmission rate is 2400 baud.
  • the polling and command requests originate from the computer at the service facility.
  • the response to polling and command data from the location detector units will be sent back over the telephone line to the central processing unit at the service location.
  • the response data is used to control display information such that the tech support person at the service facility is seeing the same screen information as would be presented on the central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit acts only as a communication buffer. It accepts a polling request at 2400 baud from the modem and sends it out via the other serial channel to the location detector unit. The central processing unit then accepts the response from the location detector unit and sends it out to the service computer at 2400 baud.
  • the remote support function also provides for file transfers between the two systems.
  • the significant data files are transferred from the remote system to the service facility computer. This allows the service computer to see the system with the same setup as the central processing unit.
  • the modified files are sent back to the central processing unit to reflect the changes made during the diagnostic session.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
EP19900306182 1989-06-09 1990-06-07 Système d'identification de position Withdrawn EP0402129A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA602350 1989-06-09
CA602350 1989-06-09

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EP0402129A2 true EP0402129A2 (fr) 1990-12-12
EP0402129A3 EP0402129A3 (fr) 1991-04-24

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995030970A1 (fr) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-16 Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec Systeme de localisation d'un emetteur
EP1220163A1 (fr) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-03 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Système de détection du passage d'individus ou objets par une entrée-sortie à un espace délimité
US8279069B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2012-10-02 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
CN110130746A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2019-08-16 浙江大学山东工业技术研究院 内箱门与外铁门的联动方法

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US4225953A (en) * 1978-09-29 1980-09-30 Simon William F Personnel locator
WO1982000377A1 (fr) * 1980-07-21 1982-02-04 Taylor D Dispositif de localisation
EP0125143A2 (fr) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-14 Marc Industries Incorporated Dispositif de surveillance de mouvements
WO1985001582A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 B.I. Incorporated Systemes horodateurs et de comptabilite
GB2190525A (en) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-18 Banyaszati Fejlesztesi Intezet Automatic identification of living creatures and objects
DE3623792C1 (de) * 1986-07-15 1987-12-10 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Einrichtung zur Feststellung der Personenzahl und Richtung innerhalb eines zu ueberwachenden Raumes oder einer Durchgangsschleuse
GB2193359A (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-03 Multitone Electronics Plc Area communication systems
US4822990A (en) * 1985-11-29 1989-04-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Admission control system having a transponder actuated by an inquiry signal

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225953A (en) * 1978-09-29 1980-09-30 Simon William F Personnel locator
WO1982000377A1 (fr) * 1980-07-21 1982-02-04 Taylor D Dispositif de localisation
EP0125143A2 (fr) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-14 Marc Industries Incorporated Dispositif de surveillance de mouvements
WO1985001582A1 (fr) * 1983-10-04 1985-04-11 B.I. Incorporated Systemes horodateurs et de comptabilite
US4822990A (en) * 1985-11-29 1989-04-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Admission control system having a transponder actuated by an inquiry signal
GB2190525A (en) * 1986-05-15 1987-11-18 Banyaszati Fejlesztesi Intezet Automatic identification of living creatures and objects
DE3623792C1 (de) * 1986-07-15 1987-12-10 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Einrichtung zur Feststellung der Personenzahl und Richtung innerhalb eines zu ueberwachenden Raumes oder einer Durchgangsschleuse
GB2193359A (en) * 1986-07-31 1988-02-03 Multitone Electronics Plc Area communication systems

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995030970A1 (fr) * 1994-05-04 1995-11-16 Centre De Recherche Industrielle Du Quebec Systeme de localisation d'un emetteur
EP1220163A1 (fr) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-03 EM Microelectronic-Marin SA Système de détection du passage d'individus ou objets par une entrée-sortie à un espace délimité
WO2002054354A1 (fr) * 2000-12-29 2002-07-11 Em Microelectronic-Marin Sa Systeme de detection du passage d'individus ou objets par une entree-sortie a un espace delimite
US8279069B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2012-10-02 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US8742929B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2014-06-03 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US8842013B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2014-09-23 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US8866615B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2014-10-21 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US8896449B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2014-11-25 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US9619679B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2017-04-11 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US10152620B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2018-12-11 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
US10496859B2 (en) 2002-07-09 2019-12-03 Automated Tracking Solutions, Llc Method and apparatus for tracking objects and people
CN110130746A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2019-08-16 浙江大学山东工业技术研究院 内箱门与外铁门的联动方法

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