EP0397562B1 - Dispositif de sécurité pour ensemble radiogène - Google Patents

Dispositif de sécurité pour ensemble radiogène Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0397562B1
EP0397562B1 EP90401231A EP90401231A EP0397562B1 EP 0397562 B1 EP0397562 B1 EP 0397562B1 EP 90401231 A EP90401231 A EP 90401231A EP 90401231 A EP90401231 A EP 90401231A EP 0397562 B1 EP0397562 B1 EP 0397562B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cathode
ray
detector
tube
safety device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90401231A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0397562A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques Le Guen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric CGR SA
Original Assignee
General Electric CGR SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric CGR SA filed Critical General Electric CGR SA
Publication of EP0397562A1 publication Critical patent/EP0397562A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0397562B1 publication Critical patent/EP0397562B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/025—Means for cooling the X-ray tube or the generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/02—Constructional details
    • H05G1/04—Mounting the X-ray tube within a closed housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05G—X-RAY TECHNIQUE
    • H05G1/00—X-ray apparatus involving X-ray tubes; Circuits therefor
    • H05G1/08—Electrical details
    • H05G1/26—Measuring, controlling or protecting
    • H05G1/54—Protecting or lifetime prediction

Definitions

  • the energy dissipated in such a tube is high and it is therefore planned to cool it.
  • the tube is enclosed in an enclosure in which a cooling fluid, in particular oil, is circulated.
  • the fluid is itself cooled in an exchanger which can be of the air or water type.
  • a cooling device has thus been produced which operates continuously.
  • the X-ray tube only emits intermittently so that the dissipated energy is important during the examination phase itself, from a few seconds to a few minutes, and that it is practically zero during the rest time necessary to change the patient. This results in significant disparities in the quantity of heat to be removed depending on the phase considered, which in particular leads to significant variations in the temperatures of the materials of the tube used, variations which can adversely affect the proper functioning of the tube.
  • the ducts are equipped with alarm devices which detect an excessive increase in the volume of the enclosure, that is to say a displacement of the expansion membrane, and provide a signal of alarm, for example using a microswitch associated with said membrane.
  • Other alarm devices measure the temperature or the pressure and provide an alarm signal when the measured values exceed a certain threshold.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a safety device the action of which is independent of the cut-off device of the high-voltage generator, which eliminates the risks resulting from the failure of the latter.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a security device which cannot be deactivated by the users.
  • the invention relates to a safety device for an X-ray assembly of a radiology device which comprises on the one hand, an X-ray tube enclosed in a sheath filled with a coolant, said tube comprising a carried anode at a high voltage by a voltage generator and a cathode, comprising at least one filament connected to an electrical supply circuit, and on the other hand, at least one device sensitive to temperature or to pressure which is placed inside the sheath, characterized in that the switch of said switch device is connected in series in the electrical supply circuit of the cathode filament so that only the electrical supply of the filament is cut off when the temperature or the pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold and in that it further comprises a device for cutting off the voltage generator which is controlled by a cathode supply current or X-ray detector.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown an X-ray tube 11 which is disposed in a cooling sheath 12.
  • the X-ray tube 11 has a glass envelope 13 in which is produced a high vacuum. Inside this envelope 13 are arranged an emissive cathode 14 and an anode 15 which, in the particular case, is rotating.
  • the anode 15 is mounted at the end of a rotor 16 which cooperates with a stator 17 placed outside the casing 13.
  • the cooling sheath 12 is for example made by the tight assembly of four parts referenced 18,19,20 and 21.
  • Part 18, which is substantially central, carries the exit window 22 for X-ray radiation.
  • the end parts 20 and 21 are closed at their ends and bear one one inlet port 23 for the coolant and the other an outlet port 24 for this liquid.
  • Parts 18 and 20 are connected through part 19.
  • the cooling fluid circulates in the space 25 between the envelope 13 and the internal walls of the sheath 12 and is therefore in contact with the glass envelope 13 so as to cool it.
  • the electric power cables of the X-ray tube penetrate into the sheath 12 through the orifice 29 for the cathode 14 and the orifice 30 for the anode 15.
  • These orifices 29 and 30 are fitted with insulating pads 31 and 32 of cylindrical shape which are tightly mounted.
  • These studs end inside the sheath by electrical terminals 26, 27 and 28 for the stud 31 and 33, 34 35 and 48 for the stud 32.
  • these electrical terminals are connected to the conductors of each power supply cable.
  • the electrical terminals 26, 27 and 28 are connected to the cathode 14 composed of two filaments 39 and 40 by three electrical conductors 36, 37 and 38.
  • the electrical terminal 48 is connected so as to bring the rotating anode 15 to a high positive voltage with respect to the cathode, the latter being at a negative voltage. Furthermore, the electrical terminals 33, 34 and 35 are connected to the stator 17 of the motor.
  • the safety device mainly consists of a thermostat and / or a pressure switch which is connected in series in the circuit electric supply of the cathode filament (s) and which is placed in the coolant of the sheath enclosure.
  • the electrical terminals 26, 27 and 28, on the one hand and 33, 34 and 48 and 48, on the other hand, are respectively connected to a supply device 41 by means of conductors 26 ′, 27 'and 28' for the cathode electrical cable and 33 ', 34' 35 'and 48' for the anode electrical cable.
  • the thermostat or the pressure switch is connected in series in the common conductor 37 and is referenced 42. From the electrical point of view, it is a switch 43 which is normally closed and which opens when the temperature and / or the pressure exceeds a certain threshold. From the mechanical point of view, it is disposed in the sheath and carried either by the stud 31, or by the base of the cathode.
  • the safety device has only one element, a thermostat or a pressure switch but you can connect a thermostat and a pressure switch in series so as to increase safety in case of failure of the a. Furthermore, when only one device is used, it is preferable use a pressure switch because it can detect an overpressure in the coolant whereas a thermostat may not detect a localized temperature increase anywhere in the duct.
  • the operation of the safety device according to the invention is simple: as soon as the temperature and / or the pressure exceeds the setting threshold of the thermostat and / or the pressure switch, the switch 43 opens and the filament 39 or 40 which was powered no longer is. As a result, there is no longer any emission of electrons or X-rays, this emission of electrons being the main source of the heating of the tube-coolant-sheath assembly.
  • the invention provides a device for detecting the absence of emission of electrons and X-rays so as to cut off the high voltage generator.
  • This detection device can be constituted by a cathode current detector arranged outside the sheath on the low voltage part of the heating transformer 44.
  • a relay 46 which, in the event of cutting the cathode supply current during normal operation, controls the stopping of the high voltage by means of a contact 45 placed on the low voltage inlet of the transformer 47 high voltage supply.
  • the security device according to the invention could replace the safety devices, external to the sheath, which are currently used. However, it is preferable that this new safety device is added to the previous ones so as to constitute the last link of the safety system in case all the others have been faulty or neutralized.
  • the different triggering thresholds of the various safety devices must be provided so that the devices internal to the sheath, those of the invention, only trigger for values of temperature and / or pressure higher than those of the devices. exteriors.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP90401231A 1989-05-10 1990-05-09 Dispositif de sécurité pour ensemble radiogène Expired - Lifetime EP0397562B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8906095A FR2646982B1 (fr) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 Dispositif de securite pour ensemble radiogene
FR8906095 1989-05-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0397562A1 EP0397562A1 (fr) 1990-11-14
EP0397562B1 true EP0397562B1 (fr) 1994-01-12

Family

ID=9381518

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90401231A Expired - Lifetime EP0397562B1 (fr) 1989-05-10 1990-05-09 Dispositif de sécurité pour ensemble radiogène

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5008916A (ja)
EP (1) EP0397562B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPH034499A (ja)
DE (1) DE69005896T2 (ja)
FR (1) FR2646982B1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2675630B1 (fr) * 1991-04-17 1993-07-16 Gen Electric Cgr Dispositif de blindage d'un stator de moteur pour anode tournante de tube a rayons x.
FR2679762B1 (fr) * 1991-07-31 1993-11-05 General Electric Cgr Sa Dispositif de securite dans un appareil de radiologie.
DE4401066A1 (de) * 1994-01-15 1995-07-20 Philips Patentverwaltung Röntgenstrahler mit einem Temperaturfühler
US6542577B1 (en) * 2000-08-18 2003-04-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics, N.V. Hermetically sealed stator cord for x-ray tube applications
JP4541536B2 (ja) * 2000-12-25 2010-09-08 エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー株式会社 放電検出回路。
JP4262042B2 (ja) * 2003-10-09 2009-05-13 ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー 熱発生装置、ｘ線撮像装置およびｘ線装置過熱防止方法
JP2005185718A (ja) * 2003-12-26 2005-07-14 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc 放射線断層撮像装置および撮像方法
JP2014107158A (ja) * 2012-11-28 2014-06-09 Canon Inc 放射線発生装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE738296C (de) * 1937-02-28 1943-08-10 Electricitaetsgesellschaft San Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung oertlicher UEberhitzung bei raeumlich einstellbaren, mit einem Isolier- und Kuehlmittel gefuellten Behaeltern fuer Roentgenroehren
US2290322A (en) * 1940-09-27 1942-07-21 Picker X Ray Corp Waite Mfg X-ray tube safety switch
JPS5130772B1 (ja) * 1970-06-11 1976-09-02
US3898465A (en) * 1973-03-05 1975-08-05 Haim Zaklad Imaging transducer for radiation particles
DE2345947C3 (de) * 1973-09-12 1981-12-03 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg Schaltungsanordnung zur Überwachung der Belastung einer Röntgenröhre
US4386320A (en) * 1978-09-15 1983-05-31 Lafrance Robert R X-Ray system signal derivation circuits for heat unit indicators and/or calibration meters
DE3212528A1 (de) * 1982-04-03 1983-10-13 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung des betriebs einer roentgenroehre eines analysengeraetes, insbesondere fuer zementrohmehl
JPS60212999A (ja) * 1984-04-07 1985-10-25 Hitachi Medical Corp Ｘ線装置
NL8500875A (nl) * 1985-03-26 1986-10-16 Ver Nl Kanker Inst Beelddetector voor hoogenergetische fotonenbundels.
FR2588180A1 (fr) * 1985-10-08 1987-04-10 Thomson Cgr Appareil d'examen radiologique
FR2588961B1 (fr) * 1985-10-22 1987-11-20 Thomson Cgr Appareil de radiologie a balayage
US4862489A (en) * 1987-02-20 1989-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft X-radiator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2646982A1 (fr) 1990-11-16
US5008916A (en) 1991-04-16
JPH034499A (ja) 1991-01-10
FR2646982B1 (fr) 1992-02-07
DE69005896T2 (de) 1994-07-07
DE69005896D1 (de) 1994-02-24
EP0397562A1 (fr) 1990-11-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0397562B1 (fr) Dispositif de sécurité pour ensemble radiogène
CN106935462B (zh) x射线源、高电压发生器、电子束枪、旋转靶组件、旋转靶以及旋转真空密封件
EP0935812B1 (en) X-ray generating apparatus with integral housing
US4979198A (en) Method for production of fluoroscopic and radiographic x-ray images and hand held diagnostic apparatus incorporating the same
US4856036A (en) Method for production of fluoroscopic and radiographic x-ray images and hand held diagnostic apparatus incorporating the same
EP0247758B1 (en) Method for production of fluoroscopic and radiographic x-ray images and hand held diagnostic apparatus incorporating the same
EP0319244A2 (en) Air cooled metal ceramic x-ray tube construction
FR2700657A1 (fr) Ensemble radiogène.
FR2637732A1 (fr) Perfectionnements aux dispositifs de refroidissement de tubes a rayons x
EP1247429B1 (fr) Element chauffant avec integration d'un dispositif de securite thermique
US7050542B2 (en) Device for generating x-rays having a heat absorbing member
EP3479448A1 (fr) Dispositif de coupure a semi-conducteurs
FR2528655A1 (fr) Ballast pour lampe a incandescence basse tension et lampe ainsi obtenue
EP1842269A2 (fr) Appareil de protection d'une installation electrique a capacite de coupure amelioree
JPS622295B2 (ja)
JPH07254493A (ja) Ｘ線装置
US6359968B1 (en) X-ray tube capable of generating and focusing beam on a target
EP1798625A1 (fr) Dispositif de régulation thermostatique de chauffeau électrique
CH651991A5 (fr) Dispositif avec tube a rayons x, dont la cathode est a polarisation multiple et source radiogene.
FR2626107A1 (fr) Triode a gaz multifonction
EP1961087A1 (fr) Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions a securite amelioree et procede de fabrication correspondant
EP0069182A1 (fr) Dispositif de sécurité pour appareils électriques et notamment pour postes récepteurs de télévision
FR3133676A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d’au moins un contact d’un dipôle chauffant d'une vitre d’aéronef.
FR2675628A1 (fr) Ensemble anodique a forte dissipation thermique pour tube a rayons x et tube ainsi obtenu.
EP0456539A1 (fr) Source radiogène permettant un remplacement aisé et rapide du tube à rayons X

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901211

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19921012

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): DE GB NL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19940112

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69005896

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940224

GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19940112

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20050416

Year of fee payment: 16

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20050630

Year of fee payment: 16

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20061201

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20061201

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20061201