EP0396131B1 - Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0396131B1
EP0396131B1 EP90108360A EP90108360A EP0396131B1 EP 0396131 B1 EP0396131 B1 EP 0396131B1 EP 90108360 A EP90108360 A EP 90108360A EP 90108360 A EP90108360 A EP 90108360A EP 0396131 B1 EP0396131 B1 EP 0396131B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sheet
small
heat exchanger
pipes
section
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90108360A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0396131A2 (de
EP0396131A3 (de
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Hagemeister
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH filed Critical MTU Motoren und Turbinen Union Muenchen GmbH
Publication of EP0396131A2 publication Critical patent/EP0396131A2/de
Publication of EP0396131A3 publication Critical patent/EP0396131A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0396131B1 publication Critical patent/EP0396131B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2225/00—Reinforcing means
    • F28F2225/04—Reinforcing means for conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger with two parallel manifolds which are connected to one another via a matrix of several layers of profile tubes, the manifolds and matrix being constructed from a multiplicity of sheet metal shells arranged one above the other, of which two sheet metal shells which are connected to one another in a complementary manner by trough-like profiling between connecting webs Form the profile tube layer and the associated section of the collecting tubes, the connecting webs being regularly spaced to form longitudinal slots.
  • a heat exchanger of the aforementioned type is known from DE-C-32 42 845 by the applicant.
  • the construction of the collecting tubes and the matrix from a large number of sheet metal shells arranged one above the other and connected to one another compared to conventional designs in which the housing, collecting tubes and matrix tubes had to be assembled as separate components, represents a considerable simplification of production, it can be seen that the profiling of the matrix profile tubes, in particular elaborate tools in the arch section required and despite high accuracy requirements, errors in joining the sheet metal shells have to be accepted, which increases the reject rate and the manufacturing expenditure becomes high. Particular difficulties arise when elliptical or lancet-like profile tubes are provided for the matrix.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to improve a generic heat exchanger in such a way that the production of the header pipes and the matrix is simplified compared to the previously known arrangements.
  • this object is achieved in that, in a heat exchanger of the generic type, the sheet metal shells are frame-like, the longitudinal slots extend to the beginning of the transverse sides of the frame, which are each designed to form common deflecting sections as a cavity which communicates with all the profiled tubes, and the collecting tubes are formed by cutouts be formed with a bent collar in the middle of two opposite sides of the frame.
  • a major advantage of the design of a heat exchanger according to the invention is that the production of the complete heat exchanger from the sub-elements, ie the individual sheet metal shells, is very simple and this is achieved precisely and with high repeatability.
  • the frame-like design with the cross-section of the frame shaped as a communicating cavity has the advantage over designs according to the prior art that no more arcuate profile tubes have to be formed, but only straight. This avoidance of arc contours results in a manufacturing advantage.
  • Another advantage of the invention Training is that individual profile tube layers are easily interchangeable. Finally, the position of the header pipes in the middle of the long sides of the frame has an advantageous effect on the heat transfer between the two heat exchange media.
  • every second profile tube layer is arranged in cross-section in a checkerboard manner to the adjacent profile tube layers, in such a way that elements are attached to the connecting webs to form spacers with respect to adjacent profile tube layers and extend perpendicular to the sheet metal shell plane. These elements are preferably attached after the connection of two sheet metal shells forming a profile tube layer and in this way enables simple manufacture of spacers with respect to the adjacent profiles.
  • these vertically extending elements are two side flaps of a connecting web, which are originally arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the profile tube and are folded back inwards to form the spacers. This process can be carried out in a simple automated manner for an entire layer or a whole series of spacers.
  • the vertically extending element can also consist of a rivet which is driven by the connecting webs of two complementary metal shells lying one on top of the other.
  • the two rivet heads of this rivet are designed so that they are adapted to the shape of the adjacent tube layers at the point of contact.
  • the adjacent profile tube layers can also have special shape changes, for example depressions, at the points of contact with the rivet heads in order to achieve a better support effect.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that support means are attached between complementary sheet metal shells in the area of the longitudinal axis of the profile tube. This prevents deformation of the profile tubes during operation due to the pressure difference between the outer area and the interior of the profile tubes.
  • These support means can be designed as strips running between the sheet metal shells and connected to them, or as support strips extending in the longitudinal direction of the profiled tubes. These support strips can consist of solid material, so that two completely separate cavities are provided within each profile tube, or they can be perforated to save weight.
  • an alternative embodiment for preventing the expansion of the profiled tubes is that the sheet metal shells in the region of the center of the profile tube have regularly spaced knob-like indentations on which the complementary sheet metal shells are connected to one another in a punctiform manner.
  • this training is very simple to carry out before or after the two complementary shells have been joined, and thus enables the tube support to be designed in a substantially simplified manner.
  • These indentations are preferably attached in such a way that they are in the region of the connecting webs of the adjacent profile tube layers are arranged so that rivet heads attached to the connecting webs can be fitted into the indentations.
  • the arched shape of the profile tube wall and the rib effect of the profile tip give the necessary rigidity and stability against deformation over the span of the distances between adjacent indentations, while the separation forces from the internal pressure are dissipated via the knob connection.
  • the magnitude of the forces at these points corresponds to the length of the respectively assigned pipe section and is therefore proportional to the distance between the indentations described above.
  • the indentations must be arranged in closer succession along the length of the pipe.
  • the methods according to claims 10 and 12 are proposed.
  • sheet metal plates of the required external dimensions, wall thickness and quality under dies are provided with the required relief pattern by a drawing / pressing process, the expression of the symmetrical internal flow spaces being produced as a half-shell.
  • a one-sided die can also be used for this purpose, the sheet metal being shaped using hydraulic or pneumatic pressure.
  • the heat exchanger should be designed in such a way that these shells are symmetrical even on the envelope, as a result of which the required mirror symmetry of two half-shells, which together form a layer element of the flow interior, can be represented with only one relief pattern.
  • the half-shell-like sheet metal shells are then subjected to a surface treatment in order to activate contact surfaces for the subsequent integral connection.
  • the connection of the two sheet metal shells then takes place at the contact surfaces with the supply of energy, whereby laser welding, electron beam welding, soldering, pressure welding can be considered as a diffusion connection or analog processes.
  • the additional material required can either be applied beforehand to the surfaces to be joined (e.g. galvanically, by vapor deposition, plating, by spraying or printing) or be interposed as a film.
  • welding or soldering through resistance heating and high-frequency electrical currents is also possible.
  • the complementary sheet metal shells are joined together by means of high-frequency welding, the sheet metal shells which are spread apart being pressed against one another along their contact surfaces by profiled rollers which are shaped and shaped along the sheet metal shells, the ends of which have not yet been joined Tin cups of high frequency electricity is introduced.
  • the two complementary sheet metal shells to be joined are precisely aligned with each other in one device and are inserted on one side into an inlet gap of profiled columns rotating against one another.
  • the profiling of the otherwise cylindrical surfaces of these rolls corresponds to the negative of the relief pattern of the sheet metal shells, so that the latter are pressed onto one another only at the points to be connected when they pass through the rolls.
  • the areas of the sheet metal shells which are not yet in engagement with the rollers are spread apart, so that a gap narrowing up to the point of engagement results between their mutually facing surfaces to be joined.
  • a high-frequency electrical voltage of opposite polarity is supplied to both sheet metal shells via sliding contacts.
  • An electrical current forms on the inner surfaces of the two sheet metal shells, which runs to the point of contact and passes there to the other side. This current transfer may only take place at the points that are to be cohesively connected. Other points of contact can be passivated.
  • additional material in a raised manner to the points to be connected, or to have a mask made of additional material, which has the image of the connection points, run into the joint gap during the joining procedure.
  • the alternative manufacturing method according to claim 12 consists in that a passivating layer is applied to flat, pretreated surfaces with the required external dimensions at the points that are not joined together. This is also done, for example, by printing.
  • the other areas to be connected are coated with additional material for soldering or diffusion welding, e.g. B. by screen printing.
  • the complementary sheets to be joined are then placed on top of one another and joined together by heating. To prevent warping or unacceptably large gaps, the sheets are pressed together.
  • the sheets are mechanically pressed only on their outline, while a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure is applied to the surface during the connection process. It can be done by first placing a bell, which compresses the outer contour of the sheets at the edge, and then applying a gas pressure in the closed cavity.
  • the joined panels will be then placed between dies and deformed by pneumatic or hydraulic internal pressure such that the inner flow paths of the profile tubes are inflated.
  • the sheet metal shell 1 shown in FIG. 1 is constructed like a frame and has two round cutouts 2a, b in the middle of two opposite longitudinal sides of the frame to form two collecting tubes. Furthermore, a plurality of parallel longitudinal slots 4, which are regularly interrupted by connecting webs 3, are provided in such a way that continuous longitudinal strips 5 extending from the area of the recesses 2a, b to the transverse sides of the frame are formed to form walls of the profile tube.
  • the sheet metal shell 1 is profiled in the region of the longitudinal strips 5 in a trough-like manner to form profile tubes which are approximately elliptical in cross section.
  • FIG. 2 shows how a layer of profile tubes is formed by two sheet metal shells 1a, b lying one on top of the other.
  • the sheet metal shells 1a, b are correspondingly profiled in the area of the longitudinal strips 5.
  • the longitudinal slots 4 are interrupted by the connecting webs 3.
  • the profile tubes 6 are formed in that the longitudinal strips 5 along their edges 7 z. B. be joined together by welding.
  • Adjacent profile tube layers 8a, b are arranged offset such that the profile tubes 6 of one layer 8a are arranged in the region of the longitudinal slots 4 of the second profile tube layer 8b.
  • Rivets with two rivet heads 9a, b are let into the connecting webs 3 on both sides of the sheet metal shells 1a, b.
  • depressions 10 are provided in the profile tubes 6 of the profile tube layer 8b above and below them, in which the contacting wall sections are welded together. These depressions 10 are preferably provided in the area of the rivet heads 9a, b of the adjacent profile tube layer 8a. However, they can also be arranged in between if this is necessary due to the internal pressure.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through three adjacent profile tube layers 8a, b, c, which shows how the rivet heads 9a, b of a profile tube layer 8b interact with the depressions 10 of the adjacent profile tube layers 8a, c.
  • the two sheet metal shells 1a, b are soldered or welded to one another at the depressions 10 in the region of the contact points 11.
  • 4 is the 3 shown in longitudinal section of the profile tube 6, wherein it can be seen that the depressions 10 are punctiform.
  • FIG. 5 An alternative embodiment of the connecting webs 3 is shown in FIG. 5, in which the spacing between two adjacent profile tube layers 8a, b takes place through bent-back side flaps 13 of the connecting webs 3.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment of the connecting webs 3 is shown in FIG. 5, in which the spacing between two adjacent profile tube layers 8a, b takes place through bent-back side flaps 13 of the connecting webs 3.
  • FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment of the connecting webs 3 is shown in FIG. 5, in which the spacing between two adjacent profile tube layers 8a, b takes place through bent-back side flaps 13 of the connecting webs 3.
  • VI-VI which is shown in Fig. 6
  • the profiled tube 6a has regularly spaced depressions 10 which are connected to one another along their contact points 11.
  • the version 6b has a longitudinally extending support bar 15b, which is alternately bent in one and in the other direction in order to achieve a sufficient connection surface with the profile tube walls 14a, b. Furthermore, the support bar 15b has regularly distributed recesses 16, which contributes to a reduction in weight.
  • the version 6c has a continuous, cross-sectionally concave support strip 15c, which is connected to the two profile tube walls 14a, b.
  • the profile tube 6d has a straight support bar 15d that is regularly perforated.
  • the embodiment for a profiled tube 6e shows a serpentine strip 18, which is also connected to the two profiled tube walls 14a, b.
  • the embodiment 6f finally shows a zigzag-like strip 18, which can be produced, for example, by stretching from an originally straight strip.
  • the two sheet metal shells 1a, b are bent up and are pressed against one another by two co-operating rollers 19a, b.
  • the sheet metal shells 1a, b are simultaneously drawn into the gap between the rollers 19a, b.
  • the sheet metal shells 1a, b are connected to an AC generator 21 via contacts 20a, b.
  • a high-frequency alternating voltage is passed over the sheet metal shells 1a, b to their connection point 22 in the gap between the rollers 19a, b.
  • the AC generator 21 supplies currents in the range of a few amperes at frequencies of approximately 10 MHz to 1 GHz.
  • the specialist chooses the exact parameters depending on the material, geometry and dimensions.
  • the heat exchanger elements produced in this way and consisting of two complementary sheet metal shells 1a, b are then stacked on top of one another and soldered to one another in another way, for example by means of diffusion welding or by applying solder material in the area around the cutouts 2a, b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP90108360A 1989-05-05 1990-05-03 Wärmetauscher Expired - Lifetime EP0396131B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3914774A DE3914774A1 (de) 1989-05-05 1989-05-05 Waermetauscher
DE3914774 1989-05-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0396131A2 EP0396131A2 (de) 1990-11-07
EP0396131A3 EP0396131A3 (de) 1991-07-10
EP0396131B1 true EP0396131B1 (de) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=6380108

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90108360A Expired - Lifetime EP0396131B1 (de) 1989-05-05 1990-05-03 Wärmetauscher

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5086837A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0396131B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPH0351695A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3914774A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE4122961A1 (de) * 1991-07-11 1993-01-14 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Waermeaustauscher
DE4129215C2 (de) * 1991-09-03 2003-04-30 Behr Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum Herstellen von Flachrohren mit Turbulenzeinlagen und Flachrohre
US5636527A (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-06-10 The Ohio State University Research Foundation Enhanced fluid-liquid contact
FR2754595B1 (fr) * 1996-10-11 1999-01-08 Ziemann Secathen Echangeur de chaleur, et faisceau d'echange de chaleur, ainsi que procedes de soudage et de realisation s'y rapportant
EP1274923B1 (de) * 2000-04-15 2006-08-23 Audi Ag Abgasanlage für brennkraftmaschinen
US8087452B2 (en) * 2002-04-11 2012-01-03 Lytron, Inc. Contact cooling device
US20040003916A1 (en) * 2002-07-03 2004-01-08 Ingersoll-Rand Energy Systems, Inc. Unit cell U-plate-fin crossflow heat exchanger
DE10333577A1 (de) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-24 Bayer Technology Services Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Entfernung von flüchtigen Substanzen aus hochviskosen Medien
US7637313B2 (en) * 2004-04-14 2009-12-29 Panasonic Corporation Heat exchanger and its manufacturing method
KR200361913Y1 (ko) * 2004-06-30 2004-09-14 주식회사 엘지화학 접합부가 볼트로 체결된 난방용 패널
EP1705445A1 (en) * 2005-03-04 2006-09-27 Methanol Casale S.A. Method for the production of plate type heat exchangers and related apparatus
EP2018906A1 (en) * 2007-07-19 2009-01-28 Methanol Casale S.A. Heat exchange unit for isothermal chemical reactors
US9683789B2 (en) * 2009-11-24 2017-06-20 Air To Air Sweden Ab Method of producing multiple channels for use in a device for exchange of solutes or heat between fluid flows
ITMI20110465A1 (it) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-25 Rosella Rizzonelli Dispositivo scambiatore di calore.
FR2997644B1 (fr) * 2012-11-08 2015-05-15 Technicatome Procede de soudage par diffusion
DE112015003388T5 (de) * 2014-07-21 2017-04-27 Dana Canada Corporation Wärmetauscher mit Strömungshindernissen zum Verringern von Fluidtotzonen
FR3024224B1 (fr) * 2014-07-25 2018-12-07 Airbus Helicopters Echangeur thermique a plaques avec renforts structurels pour turbomoteur
RU2699851C1 (ru) * 2019-05-20 2019-09-11 Акционерное общество "ОДК-Климов" Трубчатый теплообменник
JP7641478B2 (ja) * 2020-10-27 2025-03-07 有限会社和氣製作所 熱交換器

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US2957679A (en) * 1955-06-02 1960-10-25 Olin Mathieson Heat exchanger
US2868519A (en) * 1957-09-06 1959-01-13 Louis G Tocci Dry material mixing machine
FI64859C (fi) * 1976-01-22 1984-01-10 Oestbo John D B Vaermevaexlare
US4270602A (en) * 1978-08-30 1981-06-02 The Garrett Corporation Heat exchanger
DE3242845C2 (de) * 1982-11-19 1986-03-20 MTU Motoren- und Turbinen-Union München GmbH, 8000 München Wärmetauscher für Gase stark unterschiedlicher Temperaturen
DE3543893A1 (de) * 1985-12-12 1987-06-25 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Waermetauscher
DE3636762C1 (de) * 1986-10-29 1988-03-03 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Waermetauscher
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GB8719473D0 (en) * 1987-08-18 1987-09-23 Cesaroni A J Headers for heat exchangers
US4860823A (en) * 1988-03-02 1989-08-29 Diesel Kiki Co., Ltd. Laminated heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0396131A2 (de) 1990-11-07
US5086837A (en) 1992-02-11
DE59002877D1 (de) 1993-11-04
DE3914774C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1992-12-03
EP0396131A3 (de) 1991-07-10
DE3914774A1 (de) 1990-11-08
JPH0351695A (ja) 1991-03-06

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