Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D7/261—Alcohols; Phenols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/50—Solvents
  • C11D7/5004—Organic solvents
  • C11D7/5018—Halogenated solvents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/28—Organic compounds containing halogen

Definitions

• This invention relates to a solvent composition.
• Chlorofluoroethanes such as 1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-­1,2-difluoroethane (R-112), 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-­trifluoroethane (R-113) and the like have heretofore been used as solvent or detergent. These solvents have various excellent properties: they are nonflammable and low in toxicity to organisms; they can selectively solve fat, grease, wax and the like but do not attack plastics, rubber and like high molecular weight materials.
• R-113 and some chlorofluorocarbons are recently pointed out to be responsible for the destruction of the ozone layer in the stratosphere. The destruction of ozone layer will exert an adverse influene on the whole ecosystem including civilization.
• chlorofluorocarbons which may contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer are now restricted under international agreements and it is expected the use and production thereof would be totally banned.
• solvents which may replace chlorofluoro­ carbons.
• chlorine containing solvents such as 1,1,1-­trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, methylene chloride and the like attack high molecular materials such as plastics and are likely to cause environmental pollution.
• Alcohols and hydrocarbons are low in detergency and highly inflammable.
• the present invention provides a solvent composition comprising a fluorine-containing alcohol (hereinafter referred to as Composition I).
• the present invention provides also a solvent composition comprising a fluorine-containing alcohol and water (hereinafer referred to as Composition II).
• a detergent for water soluble flux is generally required to have following properties; it exhibits high cleansing power; it is nonflammable; it has no or little influence on the environment, etc. However, no detergent has been found or proposed which fulfills all these requirements.
• purified water is used for eliminating flux because it is harmless, low in cost and does not affect the ecosystem although it has some inherent defects: it cannot wash away the flux retained in narrow spaces or apertures because of its high surface tension; it cannot be dried quickly; treatment of waste water is costly, etc.
• compositions comprising a fluorine-containing alcohol and a suitable additive or additives exhibit excellent properties required of general solvent or detergent.
• the present invention provides a solvent composition comprising a fluorine-containing alcohol, an aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 4 carbons and water (hereinafter referred to as Composition III).
• the present invention further provides a solvent composition comprising a fluorine-containing alcohol and a surfactant (hereinafter referred to as Composition IV).
• compositions I to IV of the invention will be described below in greater detail.
• the fluorine-containing alcohols to be used in Composition I preferably have 2 or more carbon atoms in the molecule wherein at least 2 of hydrogen atoms are substituted by fluorine atoms.
• fluorine-containing alcohols examples are as follows.
• a, c, e, g and i signify each an integer of 1 to 5 and b, d, f, h and j signify each an integer of 1 to 3.
• 5FP pentafluoroethanol
• Composition I can contain a conventional stabilizer to improve chemical stability for use under severe conditions.
• stabilizers are benzotriazol, 2-(2′-hydroxy-5′-methylphenyl)benzotriazol, chlorobenzotriazol and like triazols, etc. These stabilizers are usable singly or in a mixture of 2 or more kinds.
• the amount thereof is usually about 0.1 to about 10% by weight, preferably about 0.2 to about 5% by weight based on the weight of Composition I.
• composition II Composition II
• the fluorine-containing alcohols to be used in Composition II are the same as in Composition I. Fluorine-containing alcohols in Composition II can be used singly or at least 2 of them can be used. 3FE, 4FP and 5FP are more preferable and 5FP is most preferable also in Composition II.
• Composition II comprises up to 80% by weight of water and not less than 20% by weight of at least one of fluorine-containing alcohols.
• Composition II preferably comprises up to 50% by weight of water and not less than 50% by weight of at least one of fluorine-containing alcohols.
• Composition II containing more than 50% by weight of fluorine-containing alcohol shows extremely high detergency.
• the cleansing power of Composition II gradually declines with the increase of water content. When the water content exceeds 80% by weight of Composition II, desired effect as detergent is greatly reduced, hence impractical.
• a mixture of 3FE and water does not form an azeotrope but behaves as an "azeotrope-like composition".
• Stabilizers as indicated above can be incorporated into Composition II in a similar amount to improve stability thereof.
• the fluorine-containing alcohols to be used in Composition III are the same as those used in Composition I and can be used singly or in a mixture of at least two kinds. 3FE, 4FP and 5FP are more preferable and 5FP is most preferable.
• Aliphatic alcohols to be used in Composition III are those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, butanol, iso-propanol, etc.
• Composition III usually comprises about 99 to about 60% by weight of the fluorine-containing alcohol, about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of the aliphatic alcohol and about 0.5 to about 20% by weight of water.
• Composition III preferably comprises about 91 to about 85% by weight of the fluorine-containing alcohol, about 1 to about 3% by weight of the aliphatic alcohol and about 8 to about 12% by weight of water.
• Composition III shows increasingly inflammability.
• Composition III contains more than 3% of the aliphatic alcohol and more than 12% of water, it shows a slight tendency to separate into two liquid phases.
• Stabilizers as given above can be used in Composition III in a similar amount as in Composition I.
• composition IV Composition IV
• the fluorine-containing alcohols to be used in Composition IV are the same as those in Composition I. They may be used singly or 2 or more of them can be used in mixture.
• surfactants to be used in Composition IV are as shown below.
• Composition IV usually comprises about 85 to about 99.5% by weight of the fluorine-containing alcohol and about 15 to about 0.5% by weight of the surfactant.
• Composition IV preferably comprises about 90 to about 95% by weight of the fluorine-containing alcohol and about 10 to about 5% by weight of the surfactant.
• the amount of the surfactant in Composition IV is less than 0.5% by weight, the detergency of the composition is not significantly improved.
• Use of the surfactant in an amount more than 15% by weight does not achieve more improved cleansing power and may require an additional step for removing the surfactant itself from the article washed.
• compositions I to IV of the invention does not deplete the stratospheric ozone layer.
• compositions I and II of the invention selectively dissolve away water base flux from the article made of metal, plastics, rubber, etc. to be washed while hardly attacking the article itself.
• Composition I and II are especially useful for eliminating the flux left on electronic and electric parts after soldering step.
• Compositions I and II are more volatile than water and the drying time after cleansing of articles is greatly reduced.
• Compositions I and II are safe to handle because they are nonflammable.
• compositions III and IV of the invention dissolve away and remove fat, grease, wax, paint, printing ink, etc. from the substrate made of metal, high molecular compounds such as plastics, rubber, etc. without damaging the substrate.
• Compositions III and IV are therefore very useful as solvent for eliminating grease and dirt from parts of electronic and electric devices, metal products, detergent for removing releasing agent from mold, etc.
• Composition IV of the invention are nonflammable and easy to handle.
• Composition IV of the invention containing a surfactant is very stable and easy to maintain the highly improved cleansing properties.
• Solvents according to the invention were tested for cleansing power against a water soluble flux.
• test piece was cooled to room temperature and immersed in a solvent (300 ml) for 2 minutes, the amount of the flux remaining on the test piece was measured.
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 were repeated except that the following solvents or detergents were used in place of 5FP.
• Solvents or detergents used were as follows:
• Solvent mixtures used were as follows:
• test piece of plastics (5 mm x 50 mm x 2 mm) was immersed and kept in a solvent at 50°C for 1 hour, the test piece was weighed to find the weight increase.
• Table 4 The results are given in Table 4 below.
• the plastics used were as follows.
• Solvents according to the invention were tested for cleansing power against a water soluble flux.
• the solvents used comprise 93% by weight of 3FE, 4FP or 5FP and 7% by weight of surfactant or surfactants shown below. When the solvent contains two kinds of surfactants, they are in an equal amount.
• the solvents were used in a similar manner as in Example 1 except that the flux used was a product of Tamura Seisakusho, Japan sold under the trademark of "F-­AL-1".

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Publications (1)

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Cited By (3)

Citations (1)

• 1990
  • 1990-04-25 EP EP90107828A patent/EP0394994A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-04-27 KR KR1019900005994A patent/KR900016450A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (1)

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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