EP0389785A2 - Two-cylinder-slurrypump with piston-accumulator - Google Patents

Two-cylinder-slurrypump with piston-accumulator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0389785A2
EP0389785A2 EP90103245A EP90103245A EP0389785A2 EP 0389785 A2 EP0389785 A2 EP 0389785A2 EP 90103245 A EP90103245 A EP 90103245A EP 90103245 A EP90103245 A EP 90103245A EP 0389785 A2 EP0389785 A2 EP 0389785A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cylinder
accumulator
delivery
storage
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Granted
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EP90103245A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0389785A3 (en
EP0389785B1 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Dipl.-Ing. Schwing
Wolfgang Merten
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Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
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Friedrich Wilhelm Schwing GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
    • F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
    • F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
    • F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
    • F04B9/105—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber reciprocating movement of the pumping member being obtained by a double-acting liquid motor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-cylinder thick matter pump with a piston accumulator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the two-cylinder thick matter pump compensates for pressure and volume fluctuations in the delivery line that arise between the delivery strokes of the interacting delivery cylinders.
  • These fluctuations disturbing the degree of uniformity of delivery are larger in design with mechanically controlled delivery cylinders, e.g. delivery cylinders whose pistons are driven by a crankshaft, than with hydraulically driven delivery pistons, which allow the piston strokes to be covered, but also pressure and volume fluctuations in the delivery line cannot prevent if the piston of the conveying cylinder is switched to the suction stroke and the piston of the delivery cylinder sucking from the priming tank of the pump is switched to the pressure stroke.
  • the piston accumulator presses nitrogen into the delivery line and thereby at least partially compensates for the pressure and volume loss in the switchover phase.
  • the two-cylinder thick matter pumps according to the invention differ from piston pumps, which try to improve the degree of uniformity of the thick matter conveyance with at least three or even more delivery cylinders, because in such pump constructions thick matter has to be sucked out of the prefilling container with the second or the additional delivery cylinders, whereas with piston accumulators the additional delivery volume from the delivery line into the storage and from this back into the delivery line reaches during the switching phase of the delivery cylinder.
  • Thick matter pumps with more than two delivery cylinders to compensate for volume and pressure fluctuations in the interest of increasing the degree of uniformity in the delivery line can alleviate the pressure fluctuations at the expense of a simple mechanical structure and simple control in favor of a considerable additional technical effort, but they can avoid degrees of non-uniformity in the delivery Not.
  • the invention relates in particular to thick matter pumps which convey sludge.
  • Thick liquid coal sludges are suitable for loading furnaces with fossil fuels, sewage sludge, mortar and plaster or the like, but above all media which, in the resting phase of their conveyance, become solid and thus bake on the The walls of the conveying paths have a tendency that temporarily do not carry a flow.
  • This primarily includes hydraulically setting media and sludges with pozzolana-like properties. With such materials, it is often a matter of conveying with a high degree of uniformity, because pressure and volume fluctuations in downstream devices, for example in burners of furnaces, cause difficulties or lead to considerable dynamic stresses, which is particularly the case with large delivery heights.
  • Piston accumulators generally use a cylinder, which is built on the delivery line, into which it opens with one side, while its other end is closed by a movable piston.
  • Such piston accumulators differ from bladder accumulators by their pistons and from wind boilers by the closure of the pumped medium in the accumulator with a fixed but movable wall. Piston accumulators allow practically any delivery pressure and can therefore be used together with pumps that reach a dangerous delivery head.
  • the invention is based on a known thick matter pump, which works with a piston accumulator.
  • the accumulator piston works with its side facing away from the pumped medium on a pressure cushion made of a high-tension gas.
  • the storage cylinder fills with the delivery medium from the delivery line, the storage piston compressing the gas cushion.
  • the high-tension gas cushion presses the piston in the opposite direction and presses the medium from the storage cylinder into the delivery line.
  • the degrees of uniformity of conveying thick matter can be improved.
  • the invention has for its object to achieve an improvement in the degree of uniformity of the promotion in a two-cylinder thick matter pump of the general construction described above, which works perfectly even with a conveying medium that tends to prematurely harden or bake on parts of the delivery line.
  • the accumulator piston is driven by a hydraulic working cylinder, a gas cushion, which loads the accumulator piston in favor of the directly connected accumulator drive piston, whose positive control with the delivery cylinders of the thick matter pump ensures that the accumulator piston in the pumping phase for filling the accumulator in the Storage cylinder is returned and in the switching phase presses the storage filling in the delivery line in the opposite direction.
  • the end positions of the accumulator drive piston are determined hydraulically and therefore also determine the end positions of the accumulator piston, of which the extreme external position of the accumulator piston in the accumulator cylinder is selected such that the accumulator is completely emptied. Since these end positions are forced in every switching phase, the pumped medium contained in the memory cannot Freeze and block the memory.
  • the hydraulic medium required for the energy supply to the storage drive cylinder can come from the pressure generator of the thick matter pump, the delivery cylinder of which is directly driven by hydraulic working cylinders. This results in a significant simplification of the storage operation, which does not require an external compressed gas source.
  • the positive control of the storage drive piston also eliminates the irregularities in the position of the storage piston, which occur in particular when the stroke times of the delivery cylinders are variable, which is the case with many thick matter pumps for regulating the delivery rates.
  • the patent claim 2 proposes an embodiment of the invention, which ensures a short-term emptying of the storage cylinder adapted to the duration of the switching phase by hydraulic means and also allows the storage cylinder to be filled in the pumping phase following the switching phase in such a way that by the in the storage cylinder penetrating medium does not result in a drop in pressure in the delivery line, which is achieved by extending the storage filling to a maximum time that can correspond to the pumping phase, but can be selected in individual cases. In this way, an almost complete uniformity of the flow is achieved.
  • the storage tank is briefly emptied using the high tension hydraulic working medium of the storage drive, while the longer duration of the storage filling takes place by regulating the current in the storage drive piston annulus, in which the hydraulic pressure acts in the same direction as the pressure of the delivery medium on the storage piston and returns the storage drive piston.
  • the storage piston return time can be regulated.
  • the embodiment of the invention according to claim 4 allows control of the hydraulic pressure on the piston side in the storage drive cylinder and thus a determination of the final emptying time of the storage cylinder.
  • the hydraulic accumulator provided for this purpose also makes it possible to compensate for shortfalls in the hydraulic working medium for the accumulator drive.
  • the above-described regulation of the filling time of the storage cylinder is made possible hydraulically in a simple manner with the features of claim 5.
  • the setting is carried out by hand, which offers the advantage of being able to be adapted at any time to the conditions of a specific application of the thick matter pump, in particular also to changing requirements that can be created by the respective pumped medium.
  • Claim 6 offers the advantage of automatically storing the flow valve Filling to adapt to changing emptying times of the delivery cylinders, which are particularly given when the thick matter pump is set to different delivery rates.
  • the feed cylinders of the thick matter pump work alternately on a feed line (3), one of the feed cylinders sucking the thick matter out of a prefill container of the pump, while the other feed cylinder presses its previously sucked filling into the feed line (3).
  • a storage cylinder (4) at (5) is flanged.
  • the opposite end of the storage cylinder (4) is flanged to a working cylinder (7), the working piston (8) of which drives a storage piston (10) attached to its piston rod (9), which seals the storage cylinder (4) against the flange (6).
  • Two seat valves (12) and (14) control the hydraulic accumulator drive cylinder (7) and are indicated in the dash-dotted line at (11).
  • the seat valves (12) and (14) are pilot operated via a 2/2 way valve.
  • the piston chamber (11) of the accumulator drive that is closed off from the full piston surface Cylinder (7) is bypassing the 2/2 way valve (15) with a line (16) directly connected to a hydraulic accumulator (17).
  • the 2/2 way valve is acted on from line (16) via a branch (18).
  • the line (19) to the hydraulic accumulator (17) opens into the line (16) in front of the directional control valve (15). In front of the line (19) is the connection (20) to the line coming from the pressure generator.
  • the 2/2 way valve is switched using a hydraulic control line (22).
  • the reversal takes place against the pressure from a line (24) which is relieved to the tank via a throttle (23).
  • the 2/2 way valve is changed over the line (22), so that hydraulic line passes through the line (18) to the poppet valve (12) to the pressure oil connection to the from the annular surface of the accumulator drive piston (8) to lock the closed piston ring space (11) of the storage drive cylinder (7).
  • the seat valve (14) is relieved on its rear side via the lines (30, 31) to the tank, whereby it clears the way via the line (27) to the tank (28).
  • the end position of the storage drive piston (8) in the cylinder (7) is controlled via a switching valve (26) in the storage drive cylinder (7), which is hydraulically controlled by the piston (8).
  • the switching point is selected so that the entire volume of the storage cylinder (4) is pressed into the delivery line (3).
  • the piston ring side of the storage drive cylinder (7) is depressurized via line (27). This makes it possible to transfer the storage contents into the delivery line (3) while overcoming the delivery line pressure.
  • the accumulator drive piston (8) is moved in the opposite direction and presses hydraulic working medium via the line (16) bypassing the 2/2 way valve (15) into the hydraulic accumulator (17), which is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure generator (1).
  • the storage cylinder (4) can be filled with medium from the pressure line (3) for compensation in the subsequent switchover phase.
  • the flow control valve (25) sets the return time of the storage piston (10) so that it corresponds to the duration of the delivery stroke of the thick matter pump in order to prevent a change in the delivery rate due to the filling of the store.
  • the return time of the working piston (8) for filling the accumulator (4) can be adjusted manually by adjusting the flow control valve (25).
  • the reversal can also be carried out electrically using limit switches.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
  • Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract

On a two-cylinder slurry pump with piston accumulator which is filled during pumping of the slurry by the pumping cylinders and emptied by the hydraulically controlled accumulator piston between the strokes of the pumping pistons into the pumping pipeline in order to prevent the drop in pressure and incorrect delivery quantity in the pumping pipeline, it is proposed according to the invention that a bilaterally hydraulically actuatable working piston (8) serve for hydraulic control (2) of the accumulator piston (10), which working piston is controlled with the pumping cylinders and whose limit positions are fixed on the accumulator drive cylinder (7) with the limit positions of the accumulator piston (10) when the accumulator cylinder (4) is fully emptied and when it is filled. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe mit Kolbenspeicher gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patent­anspruches 1.The invention relates to a two-cylinder thick matter pump with a piston accumulator according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe gleicht mit ihrem Kolbenspeicher Druck- und Volumenschwankungen in der Förderleitung aus, die zwischen den Förderhüben der miteinander zusammenwirkenden Förderzylinder ent­stehen. Diese den Gleichförmigkeitsgrad der Förderung störenden Schwankungen sind bei mechanisch gesteuerten Förderzylindern, z.B. bei Förderzylindern, deren Kolben mit einer Kurbelwelle angetrieben werden, bauartbedingt größer als bei hydraulisch angetriebenen Förderkolben, die zwar eine Überdeckung der Kolbenhübe gestatten, je­doch ebenfalls Druck- und Volumenschwankungen in der Förderleitung nicht verhindern können, wenn der Kolben des fördernden Zylinders auf den Saughub und der Kolben das aus dem Vorfüllbehälter der Pumpe ansaugenden Förderzylinders auf den Druckhub umgesteuert wird. Der Kolbenspeicher drückt in dieser Umschaltphase Bickstoffe in die Förderleitung und gleicht dadurch den Druck- und Volumenverlust der Umschaltphase wenigstens zum Teil wieder aus.With its piston accumulator, the two-cylinder thick matter pump according to the invention compensates for pressure and volume fluctuations in the delivery line that arise between the delivery strokes of the interacting delivery cylinders. These fluctuations disturbing the degree of uniformity of delivery are larger in design with mechanically controlled delivery cylinders, e.g. delivery cylinders whose pistons are driven by a crankshaft, than with hydraulically driven delivery pistons, which allow the piston strokes to be covered, but also pressure and volume fluctuations in the delivery line cannot prevent if the piston of the conveying cylinder is switched to the suction stroke and the piston of the delivery cylinder sucking from the priming tank of the pump is switched to the pressure stroke. In this switchover phase, the piston accumulator presses nitrogen into the delivery line and thereby at least partially compensates for the pressure and volume loss in the switchover phase.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpen unterscheiden sich dadurch von Kolbenpumpen, welche mit wenigstens drei oder noch mehr Förderzylindern den Gleichförmigkeitsgrad der Dickstoffförderung zu verbessern versuchen, weil bei derartigen Pumpen­konstruktionen mit dem zweiten bzw. den zusätzlichen Förderzylindern Dickstoff aus dem Vorfüllbehälter angesaugt werden muß, während bei Kolbenspeichern das zusätzliche Fördervolumen aus der Förderleitung in den Speicher und aus diesem zurück in die Förderleitung während der Umschaltphase der Förderzylinder gelangt. Dickstoffpumpen mit mehr als zwei Förderzylindern zum Ausgleich von Volumen- und Druchschwankungen im Interesse der Steigerung des Gleichsförmigkeitsgrades in der För­derleitung können die Druckschwankungen zwar auf Kosten eines einfachen mechanischen Aufbaus und einer einfachen Steuerung zugunsten eines erheblichen technischen Mehr­aufwandes mildern, vermeiden können sie Ungleichförmig­keitsgrade der Förderung jedoch nicht.The two-cylinder thick matter pumps according to the invention differ from piston pumps, which try to improve the degree of uniformity of the thick matter conveyance with at least three or even more delivery cylinders, because in such pump constructions thick matter has to be sucked out of the prefilling container with the second or the additional delivery cylinders, whereas with piston accumulators the additional delivery volume from the delivery line into the storage and from this back into the delivery line reaches during the switching phase of the delivery cylinder. Thick matter pumps with more than two delivery cylinders to compensate for volume and pressure fluctuations in the interest of increasing the degree of uniformity in the delivery line can alleviate the pressure fluctuations at the expense of a simple mechanical structure and simple control in favor of a considerable additional technical effort, but they can avoid degrees of non-uniformity in the delivery Not.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich insbesondere auf Dickstoff­pumpen, welche Schlämme fördern. Infrage kommen dick­flüssige Kohlenschlämme zur Beaufschlagung von Feuerungen mit fossilen Brennstoffen, Klärschlämme, Mörtel und Putzmassen oder dergleichen, vor allem aber Medien, welche in der Ruhephase ihrer Förderung zum Festwerden und damit zum Anbacken an den Wänden von Förderwegen neigen, die zeitweise keinen Förderstrom führen. Dazu gehören vor allem hydraulisch abbindende Medien und Schlämme mit puzzolanähnlichen Eigenschaften. Bei derartigen Stoffen kommt es häufig auf eine Förderung mit hohem Gleichförmigkeitsgrad an, weil Druck- und Volumenschwankungen in nachgeschalteten Einrichtungen, z.B. in Brennern von Feuerungen Schwierigkeiten erzeugen oder zu erheblichen dynamischen Beanspruchungen führen, was insbesondere bei großen För­derhöhen der Fall ist.The invention relates in particular to thick matter pumps which convey sludge. Thick liquid coal sludges are suitable for loading furnaces with fossil fuels, sewage sludge, mortar and plaster or the like, but above all media which, in the resting phase of their conveyance, become solid and thus bake on the The walls of the conveying paths have a tendency that temporarily do not carry a flow. This primarily includes hydraulically setting media and sludges with pozzolana-like properties. With such materials, it is often a matter of conveying with a high degree of uniformity, because pressure and volume fluctuations in downstream devices, for example in burners of furnaces, cause difficulties or lead to considerable dynamic stresses, which is particularly the case with large delivery heights.

Zum Ausgleich derartiger Schwankungen verwendet die Erfindung einen Kolbenspeicher. Kolbenspeicher benutzen allgemein gesehen einen Zylinder, welcher auf der Förderleitung aufgebaut ist, in die er mit einer Seite mündet, während sein anderes Ende von einem beweglichen Kolben abgeschlossen ist. Solche Kolbenspeicher unter­scheiden sich von Blasenspeichern durch ihren Kolben und von Windkesseln durch den Abschluß des Fördermediums im Speicher mit einer festen aber beweglichen Wand. Kolben­speicher lassen praktisch beliebige Förderdrücke zu und können deswegen mit Pumpen zusammen verwendet werden, die eine besträchtliche Förderhöhe erreichen.To compensate for such fluctuations, the invention uses a piston accumulator. Piston accumulators generally use a cylinder, which is built on the delivery line, into which it opens with one side, while its other end is closed by a movable piston. Such piston accumulators differ from bladder accumulators by their pistons and from wind boilers by the closure of the pumped medium in the accumulator with a fixed but movable wall. Piston accumulators allow practically any delivery pressure and can therefore be used together with pumps that reach a dangerous delivery head.

Die Erfindung geht von einer bekannten Dickstoffpumpe aus, welche mit einem Kolbenspeicher arbeitet. Hierbei arbeitet der Speicherkolben mit seiner dem Fördermedium abgewandten Seite auf ein Druckpolster aus einem hoch­gespannten Gas. Während des Druckhubes der Förder­zylinder füllt sich der Speicherzylinder mit Förder­medium aus der Förderleitung, wobei der Speicherkolben das Gaspolster komprimiert. Sobald in der Schaltphase der Druck in der Förderleitung zusammenbricht oder doch abfällt, drückt das hochgespannte Gaspolster den Kolben in umgekehrter Richtung und preßt aus dem Speicherzylinder Fördermedium in die Förderleitung. Tatsächlich können mit einem derartigen Kolbenspeicher die Gleichförmigkeitsgrade einer Dickstoffförderung ver­bessert werden.The invention is based on a known thick matter pump, which works with a piston accumulator. Here, the accumulator piston works with its side facing away from the pumped medium on a pressure cushion made of a high-tension gas. During the pressure stroke of the delivery cylinder, the storage cylinder fills with the delivery medium from the delivery line, the storage piston compressing the gas cushion. As soon as the pressure in the delivery line collapses or does drop in the switching phase, the high-tension gas cushion presses the piston in the opposite direction and presses the medium from the storage cylinder into the delivery line. In fact, with such a piston accumulator, the degrees of uniformity of conveying thick matter can be improved.

Nachteilig ist jedoch, daß eine vollständige Entleerung des Speicherzylinders nicht gewährleistet ist. Das hat unterschiedliche Ursachen, führt aber dazu, daß zum An­backen bzw. zur frühzeitigen Erhärtung neigendes Förder­medium den Speicher vergleichsweise schnell beeinträchtigt und schließlich blockiert. Dadurch werden nicht nur der Gleichförmigkeitsgrad der Förderung verschlechtert, sondern auch Förderstörungen herbei­geführt, die vergleichsweise schwer zu beseitigen sind.However, it is disadvantageous that complete emptying of the storage cylinder is not guaranteed. This has different causes, but leads to the fact that the medium that tends to bake or harden early affects the storage comparatively quickly and ultimately blocks it. This not only worsens the degree of uniformity of funding, but also causes funding disruptions that are comparatively difficult to eliminate.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einer Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe des eingangs beschriebenen allgemeinen Aufbaus eine Verbesserung des Gleichförmig­keitsgrades der Förderung zu erreichen, welche auch bei einem Fördermedium, das zum vorzeitigen Erhärten bzw. Anbacken an Teilen der Förderleitung neigt, einwandfrei funktioniert.The invention has for its object to achieve an improvement in the degree of uniformity of the promotion in a two-cylinder thick matter pump of the general construction described above, which works perfectly even with a conveying medium that tends to prematurely harden or bake on parts of the delivery line.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved with the features of claim 1. Further features of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Da gemäß der Erfindung der Speicherkolben von einem hydraulischen Arbeitszylinder angetrieben wird, entfällt ein Gaspolster, welches den Speicherkolben belastet zu­gunsten des unmittelbar mit ihm verbundenen Speicher­antriebskolbens, dessen Zwangssteuerung mit den Förder­zylindern der Dickstoffpumpe dafür sorgt, daß der Speicherkolben in der Pumpphase zur Füllung des Speichers im Speicherzylinder zurückgeführt wird und in der Schaltphase in der Gegenrichtung die Speicher­füllung in die Förderleitung drückt. Dabei sind die End­stellungen des Speicherantriebskolbens hydraulisch fest­gelegt und bestimmen deswegen auch die Endstellungen des Speicherkolbens, von denen die äußere Extremlage des Speicherkolbens im Speicherzylinder derart gewählt wird, daß der Speicher vollständig entleert ist. Da diese End­stellungen in jeder Schaltphase erzwungen werden, kann das in dem Speicher enthaltene Fördermedium zu keinem Zeitpunkt erstarren und den Speicher blockieren.Since, according to the invention, the accumulator piston is driven by a hydraulic working cylinder, a gas cushion, which loads the accumulator piston in favor of the directly connected accumulator drive piston, whose positive control with the delivery cylinders of the thick matter pump ensures that the accumulator piston in the pumping phase for filling the accumulator in the Storage cylinder is returned and in the switching phase presses the storage filling in the delivery line in the opposite direction. The end positions of the accumulator drive piston are determined hydraulically and therefore also determine the end positions of the accumulator piston, of which the extreme external position of the accumulator piston in the accumulator cylinder is selected such that the accumulator is completely emptied. Since these end positions are forced in every switching phase, the pumped medium contained in the memory cannot Freeze and block the memory.

Das für die Energiezufuhr zum Speicherantriebszylinder erforderliche hydraulische Medium kann von dem Druck­erzeuger der Dickstoffpumpe kommen, deren Förderzylinder mit hydraulischen Arbeitszylindern unmittelbar an­getrieben sind. Dadurch ergibt sich eine wesentliche Vereinfachung des Speicherbetriebes, der keine externe Druckgasquelle benötigt. Die Zwangssteuerung des Speicherantriebskolbens beseitigt auch die Unregel­mäßigkeiten der Stellung des Speicherkolbens, die sich insbesondere dann einstellen, wenn die Hubzeiten der Förderzylinder variabel sind, was bei vielen Dick­stoffpumpen zur Regelung der Fördermengen der Fall ist.The hydraulic medium required for the energy supply to the storage drive cylinder can come from the pressure generator of the thick matter pump, the delivery cylinder of which is directly driven by hydraulic working cylinders. This results in a significant simplification of the storage operation, which does not require an external compressed gas source. The positive control of the storage drive piston also eliminates the irregularities in the position of the storage piston, which occur in particular when the stroke times of the delivery cylinders are variable, which is the case with many thick matter pumps for regulating the delivery rates.

Der Patentanspruch 2 schlägt eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung vor, welche auf hydraulischem Wege eine der Dauer der Schaltphase angepaßte kurzzeitige Entleerung des Speicherzylinders gewährleistet und es außerdem erlaubt, den Speicherzylinder in der auf die Schaltphase folgende Pumpphase derart zu füllen, daß sich durch das in den Speicherzylinder eindringende Fördermedium kein Druckabfall in der Förderleitung ergibt, was durch eine entsprechende zeitliche Ausdehnung der Speicherfüllung bis zu einer Maximalzeit erfolgt, die der Pumpphase ent­sprechen kann aber im Einzelfall wählbar ist. Auf diese Weise wird eine nahezu vollständige Gleichförmigkeit des Förderstromes erzielt. Die kurzzeitige Entleerung des Speichers erfolgt hierbei mit Hilfe des hochgespannten hydraulischen Arbeitsmediums des Speicherantriebes, während die längere Dauer der Speicherfüllung durch die Regelung des Stromes in den Speicherantriebskolben­ringraum erfolgt, in dem der hydraulische Druck in der gleichen Richtung wie der Druck des Fördermediums auf den Speicherkolben wirkt und den Speicherantriebskolben zurückführt. Mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 3 läßt sich die Speicherkolbenrücklaufzeit regeln.The patent claim 2 proposes an embodiment of the invention, which ensures a short-term emptying of the storage cylinder adapted to the duration of the switching phase by hydraulic means and also allows the storage cylinder to be filled in the pumping phase following the switching phase in such a way that by the in the storage cylinder penetrating medium does not result in a drop in pressure in the delivery line, which is achieved by extending the storage filling to a maximum time that can correspond to the pumping phase, but can be selected in individual cases. In this way, an almost complete uniformity of the flow is achieved. The storage tank is briefly emptied using the high tension hydraulic working medium of the storage drive, while the longer duration of the storage filling takes place by regulating the current in the storage drive piston annulus, in which the hydraulic pressure acts in the same direction as the pressure of the delivery medium on the storage piston and returns the storage drive piston. With the features of claim 3, the storage piston return time can be regulated.

Die Ausführungsform der Erfindung nach dem Patent­anspruch 4 erlaubt eine Steuerung des hydraulischen Druckes auf die Kolbenseite im Speicherantriebszylinder und damit eine Festlegung der Endleerungszeit des Speicherzylinders. Der dazu vorgesehene Hydrospeicher erlaubt außerdem den Ausgleich von Fehlmengen des hydraulischen Arbeitsmediums für den Speicherantrieb.The embodiment of the invention according to claim 4 allows control of the hydraulic pressure on the piston side in the storage drive cylinder and thus a determination of the final emptying time of the storage cylinder. The hydraulic accumulator provided for this purpose also makes it possible to compensate for shortfalls in the hydraulic working medium for the accumulator drive.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Regelung der Füllzeit des Speicherzylinders wird hydraulisch auf einfache Weise mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 5 ermöglicht. Hier­bei erfolgt die Einstellung von Hand, was den Vorteil einer jederzeit möglichen Anpassung an die Bedingungen eines konkreten Einsatzfalles der Dickstoffpumpe, insbesondere auch an wechselnde Voraussetzungen bietet, die durch das jeweilige Fördermedium geschaffen werden können.The above-described regulation of the filling time of the storage cylinder is made possible hydraulically in a simple manner with the features of claim 5. The setting is carried out by hand, which offers the advantage of being able to be adapted at any time to the conditions of a specific application of the thick matter pump, in particular also to changing requirements that can be created by the respective pumped medium.

Der Anspruch 6 bietet dagegen den Vorteil, durch eine automatische Einstellung des Stromventiles die Speicher­ füllung wechselnden Entleerungszeiten der Förderzylinder anzupassen, welche vor allem dann gegeben sind, wenn die Dickstoffpumpe auf unterschiedliche Fördermengen eingestellt wird.Claim 6, on the other hand, offers the advantage of automatically storing the flow valve Filling to adapt to changing emptying times of the delivery cylinders, which are particularly given when the thick matter pump is set to different delivery rates.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Aus­führungsbeispieles näher erläutert, das in den Schalt­bildern wiedergegeben ist. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 schematisch, d.h. unter Fortlassung aller für das Verständnis der Erfindung nicht erforderlichen Einzelheiten den Schaltzu­stand bei der Entleerung des Kolbenspeichers in die Förderleitung während der Schaltphase der Förderzylinder und
  • Fig. 2 den Schaltzustand der bei der Füllung des Kolbenspeichers aus der Förderleitung in der Pumpphase der Förderzylinder.
The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment which is shown in the circuit diagrams. Show it
  • Fig. 1 schematically, ie omitting all details not necessary for understanding the invention, the switching state when emptying the piston accumulator in the delivery line during the switching phase of the delivery cylinder and
  • Fig. 2 shows the switching state of the cylinder when filling the piston accumulator from the delivery line in the pumping phase.

Bei (1) ist die Verbindung zum hydraulischen Druckerzeu­ger der hydraulisch angetriebenen Förderzylinder der Dickstoffpumpe wiedergegeben. Bei (2) stehen Schaltsig­ nale an, die die Endstellungen der Kolben in den Förder­zylindern bzw. in hydraulischen Antriebszylindern der Dickstoffpumpe wiedergeben.At (1) the connection to the hydraulic pressure generator of the hydraulically driven delivery cylinder of the thick matter pump is shown. At (2) there are switching signals nale, which reflect the end positions of the pistons in the feed cylinders or hydraulic drive cylinders of the thick matter pump.

Die Förderzylinder der nicht dargestellten Dickstoff­pumpe arbeiten wechselweise auf eine Förderleitung (3), wobei einer der Förderzylinder den Dickstoff aus einem Vorfüllbehälter der Pumpe ansaugt, während der andere Förderzylinder seine vorher angesaugte Füllung in die Förderleitung (3) drückt. Im unmittelbaren Anschluß an die Mündung der Förderzylinder, z. B. auf der Oberseite eines Hosenrohres, welches die Förderung beider Förder­zylinder zusammenführt, ist ein Speicherzylinder (4) bei (5) angeflanscht. Das gegenüberliegende Ende des Speicherzylinders (4) ist an einen Arbeitszylinder (7) angeflanscht, dessen Arbeitskolben (8) einen auf seiner Kolbenstange (9) befestigten Speicherkolben (10) antreibt, welcher den Speicherzylinder (4) gegen den Flansch (6) abschließt.The feed cylinders of the thick matter pump, not shown, work alternately on a feed line (3), one of the feed cylinders sucking the thick matter out of a prefill container of the pump, while the other feed cylinder presses its previously sucked filling into the feed line (3). Immediately following the mouth of the feed cylinder, for. B. on the top of a downpipe, which brings together the promotion of both feed cylinders, a storage cylinder (4) at (5) is flanged. The opposite end of the storage cylinder (4) is flanged to a working cylinder (7), the working piston (8) of which drives a storage piston (10) attached to its piston rod (9), which seals the storage cylinder (4) against the flange (6).

Zwei Sitzventile (12) und (14) steuern den hydraulischen Speicherantriebszylinder (7) und sind in der strich­punktierten Linie bei (11) angedeutet. Die Sitzventile (12) und (14) werden über ein 2/2 Wegeventil vor­gesteuert. Der von der vollen Kolbenfläche abge­schlossene Kolbenraum (11) des Speicherantriebs­ zylinders (7) ist unter Umgehung des 2/2 Wegeventils (15) mit einer Leitung (16) unmittelbar an einen Hydrospeicher (17) angeschlossen. Aus der Leitung (16) wird das 2/2 Wegeventil über eine Abzweigung (18) be­aufschlagt. In die Leitung (16) mündet vor dem Wege­ventil (15) die Leitung (19) zum Hydrospeicher (17). Vor der Leitung (19) liegt der Anschluß (20) an die vom Druckerzeuger kommende Leitung.Two seat valves (12) and (14) control the hydraulic accumulator drive cylinder (7) and are indicated in the dash-dotted line at (11). The seat valves (12) and (14) are pilot operated via a 2/2 way valve. The piston chamber (11) of the accumulator drive that is closed off from the full piston surface Cylinder (7) is bypassing the 2/2 way valve (15) with a line (16) directly connected to a hydraulic accumulator (17). The 2/2 way valve is acted on from line (16) via a branch (18). The line (19) to the hydraulic accumulator (17) opens into the line (16) in front of the directional control valve (15). In front of the line (19) is the connection (20) to the line coming from the pressure generator.

Das 2/2 Wegeventil wird mit Hilfe einer hydraulischen Steuerleitung (22) umgeschaltet. Die Umsteuerung erfolgt gegen den Druck aus einer Leitung (24), die über eine Drossel (23) zum Tank entlastet ist.The 2/2 way valve is switched using a hydraulic control line (22). The reversal takes place against the pressure from a line (24) which is relieved to the tank via a throttle (23).

In der in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Schaltphase ist das 2/2 Wegeventil über die Leitung (22) umgestellt, so daß über die Leitung (18) auf das Sitzventil (12) hydrau­lisches Arbeitsmedium gelangt, um die Druckölver­bindung zu dem von der Ringfläche des Speicher­antriebskolbens (8) verschlossenen Kolbenringraum (11) des Speicherantriebszylinders (7) zu sperren. Gleich­zeitig wird das Sitzventil (14) auf seiner Rückseite über die Leitungen (30, 31) zum Tank entlastet, wodurch es den Weg über die Leitung (27) zum Tank (28) frei­gibt. Unter Umgehung des 2/2 Wegeventiles gelangt da­durch aus dem Hydrospeicher (17) hochgespanntes hydrau­lisches Arbeitsmedium auf die Kolbenseite (15) des Speicherantriebskolbens, wodurch der Speicherkolben (10) das im Speicherzylinder (4) enthaltene Volumen an Fördermedium in die Förderleitung (3) drückt.In the switching phase shown in Fig. 1, the 2/2 way valve is changed over the line (22), so that hydraulic line passes through the line (18) to the poppet valve (12) to the pressure oil connection to the from the annular surface of the accumulator drive piston (8) to lock the closed piston ring space (11) of the storage drive cylinder (7). At the same time, the seat valve (14) is relieved on its rear side via the lines (30, 31) to the tank, whereby it clears the way via the line (27) to the tank (28). Bypassing the 2/2-way valve, high-pressure hydraulic working fluid reaches the piston side (15) of the hydraulic accumulator (17) Accumulator drive piston, whereby the accumulator piston (10) presses the volume of pumped medium contained in the accumulator cylinder (4) into the delivery line (3).

Über ein Schaltventil (26) im Speicherantriebszylinder (7), das von dem Kolben (8) hydraulisch gesteuert ist, wird die Endlage des Speicherantriebskolbens (8) im Zylinder (7) gesteuert. Der Schaltpunkt ist so gewählt, daß das gesamte Volumen des Speicherzylinders (4) in die Förderleitung (3) gedrückt wird. Die Kolbenringseite des Speicherantriebszylinders (7) wird über die Leitung (27) drucklos gemacht. Dadurch ist es möglich, unter Überwindung des Förderleitungsdruckes den Speicherinhalt in die Förderleitung (3) zu überführen.The end position of the storage drive piston (8) in the cylinder (7) is controlled via a switching valve (26) in the storage drive cylinder (7), which is hydraulically controlled by the piston (8). The switching point is selected so that the entire volume of the storage cylinder (4) is pressed into the delivery line (3). The piston ring side of the storage drive cylinder (7) is depressurized via line (27). This makes it possible to transfer the storage contents into the delivery line (3) while overcoming the delivery line pressure.

Sobald der Arbeitskolben (8) den Speicherzylinder (4) ganz entleert hat, steuert das dadurch ausgelöste Schaltsignal des Ventiles (32) das 2/2 Wegeventil um. In der folgenden Pumpphase (Fig. 2), bei der das Sitz­ventil (14) über den Speicherdruck geschlossen und das Sitzventil (12) durch den Speicherdruck geöffnet ist, steht der hydraulische Arbeitsdruck auf beiden Seiten des Speicherantriebskolbens (8) an. Der im Ringraum (25) aufgebaute Druck des hydraulischen Arbeitsmediums wirkt in gleicher Richtung auf den Speicherantriebskolben (8) im Zylinder (7) wie der Förderleitungsdruck auf den Speicherkolben (10) im Speicherzylinder (4). Dadurch wird der Speicheran­triebskolben (8) in Gegenrichtung bewegt und drückt hydraulisches Arbeitsmedium über die Leitung (16) unter Umgehung des 2/2 Wegeventiles (15) in den Hydrospeicher (17), der aus dem hydraulischen Druck­erzeuger (1) beaufschlagt wird. Dadurch kann sich der Speicherzylinder (4) mit Medium aus der Druckleitung (3) zum Ausgleich in der folgenden Umschaltphase füllen. Durch das Stromregelventil (25) wird die Rücklaufzeit des Speicherkolbens (10) so eingestellt, daß sie der Dauer des Förderhubes der Dickstoffpumpe entspricht, um eine Veränderung der Fördermenge in­folge der Füllung des Speichers zu verhindern.As soon as the working piston (8) has completely emptied the storage cylinder (4), the switching signal of the valve (32) triggered thereby reverses the 2/2 way valve. In the following pumping phase (Fig. 2), in which the seat valve (14) is closed via the accumulator pressure and the seat valve (12) is opened by the accumulator pressure, the hydraulic working pressure is on both Sides of the accumulator drive piston (8). The pressure of the hydraulic working medium built up in the annular space (25) acts in the same direction on the storage drive piston (8) in the cylinder (7) as the feed line pressure on the storage piston (10) in the storage cylinder (4). As a result, the accumulator drive piston (8) is moved in the opposite direction and presses hydraulic working medium via the line (16) bypassing the 2/2 way valve (15) into the hydraulic accumulator (17), which is acted upon by the hydraulic pressure generator (1). As a result, the storage cylinder (4) can be filled with medium from the pressure line (3) for compensation in the subsequent switchover phase. The flow control valve (25) sets the return time of the storage piston (10) so that it corresponds to the duration of the delivery stroke of the thick matter pump in order to prevent a change in the delivery rate due to the filling of the store.

Die Rücklaufzeit des Arbeitskolbens (8) zur Füllung des Speichers (4) kann durch eine Verstellung des Stromregelventiles (25) von Hand eingestellt werden.The return time of the working piston (8) for filling the accumulator (4) can be adjusted manually by adjusting the flow control valve (25).

Diese Verstellung kann jedoch auch automatisch er­folgen mit dem Ziel, die Rücklaufzeit des Speicher­kolbens wechselnden Hubzeiten der Dickstoffpumpe anzupassen.However, this adjustment can also take place automatically with the aim of adapting the return time of the accumulator piston to changing stroke times of the thick matter pump.

Anstelle der hydraulischen Druckumsteuerung des 2/2 Wegeventiles kann die Umsteuerung auch elektrisch über Endschalter vorgenommen werden.Instead of the hydraulic pressure reversal of the 2/2 way valve, the reversal can also be carried out electrically using limit switches.

Claims (7)

1. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe mit Kolbenspeicher, welcher während der Dick­stoffförderung mit den Förderzylindern ge­füllt und zwischen den Hüben der Förder­kolben in die Förderleitung zur Ver­minderung des Druckabfalls und der Fehl­fördermenge in der Förderleitung durch den druckmittelgesteuerten Speicherkolben ent­leert wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Druckmittelsteuerung (2) des Speicher­kolbens (10) ein beidseitig hydraulisch beaufschlagbarer Arbeitskolben (8) dient, der mit den Förderzylindern gesteuert ist und dessen Endlagen mit den Endlagen des Speicherkolbens (10) bei vollständig ent­leertem und bei gefülltem Speicher­zylinder (4) am Speicherantriebszylinder (7) festgelegt sind.1. Two-cylinder thick matter pump with piston accumulator, which is filled with the delivery cylinders during the thick matter delivery and is emptied between the strokes of the delivery piston into the delivery line to reduce the pressure drop and the incorrect delivery amount in the delivery line by the pressure medium-controlled storage piston, characterized in that for pressure medium control (2 ) of the accumulator piston (10) is a working piston (8) which can be acted upon hydraulically on both sides, which is controlled by the delivery cylinders and whose end positions are fixed to the accumulator drive cylinder (7) when the accumulator cylinder (10) is completely empty and when the accumulator cylinder (4) is full . 2. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Schalt­phase der Förderzylinder und Entlastung der Speicherantriebskolbenringfläche (25) die zur Entleerung des Speicherzylinders (4) dienende Speicherantriebskolbenfläche (15) mit hochgespanntem hydraulischen Druck be­lastet ist, während in der Pumpphase unter Druckbeaufschlagung der Speicherantriebs­ kolbenringfläche (25) und des Speicher­kolbens (10) durch das Fördermedium der Speicherantriebskolben (8) gegen den hydraulischen Druck auf die Speicher­antriebskolbenfläche in seine Ausgangs­stellung für die folgende Schaltphase der Förderzylinder zurückweicht.2. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to claim 1, characterized in that in the switching phase of the delivery cylinder and relief of the storage drive piston ring surface (25) serving to empty the storage cylinder (4) serving storage drive piston surface (15) is loaded with high-pressure hydraulic pressure while in the pumping phase under Pressurizing the storage drive piston ring surface (25) and the storage piston (10) by the medium of the storage drive piston (8) against the hydraulic pressure on the storage drive piston surface in its starting position for the following switching phase of the delivery cylinder. 3. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zeit des Rücklaufes des Speicher­antriebskolbens (8) in die Ausgangsstellung für die Schaltphase der Förderzylinder durch Einstellung des Stromes in den Speicher­antriebskolbenringraum (11) regelbar ist.3. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the time of the return of the storage drive piston (8) in the starting position for the switching phase of the delivery cylinder by adjusting the current in the storage drive piston ring space (11) is adjustable. 4. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in die Druckmittel­zuleitung (16) zum Speicherantriebskolben­raum (6) ein Hydrospeicher (17) eingebaut ist.4. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a hydraulic accumulator (17) is installed in the pressure medium supply line (16) to the accumulator drive piston chamber (6). 5. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein zur Einstellung der Rücklaufzeit des Speicherantriebskolbens (8) dienendes Stromventil (25) von Hand derart einstellbar ist, daß die End­stellung des Speicherkolbens (10) gegen Ende der Pumpphase erreicht wird.5. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one for setting the Return time of the accumulator drive piston (8) serving current valve (25) can be adjusted by hand in such a way that the end position of the accumulator piston (10) is reached towards the end of the pumping phase. 6. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strom­ventil (25) selbsttätig in Abhängig­keit von der Kolbengeschwindigkeit der Pumpe steuerbar ist.6. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the flow valve (25) can be controlled automatically as a function of the piston speed of the pump. 7. Zweizylinder-Dickstoffpumpe nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Steuerung des Speicherantriebskolbens (8) Sitz­ventile (12, 14) und ein Wegeventil (15) dienen, welches von den Förderzylinder und von einem Schaltventil (32) gesteuert ist, das zur Festlegung der Endstellungen des Speicherantriebskolbens (8) dient.7. Two-cylinder thick matter pump according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that for controlling the storage drive piston (8) seat valves (12, 14) and a directional control valve (15) are used, which of the feed cylinder and a switching valve (32 ) is controlled, which serves to determine the end positions of the accumulator drive piston (8).
EP90103245A 1989-03-29 1990-02-20 Two-cylinder-slurrypump with piston-accumulator Expired - Lifetime EP0389785B1 (en)

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DE3910189 1989-03-29
DE3910189A DE3910189A1 (en) 1989-03-29 1989-03-29 TWO-CYLINDER FUEL PUMP WITH PISTON ACCUMULATOR

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DE3910189A1 (en) 1990-10-04
EP0389785A3 (en) 1991-01-16
FI901568A0 (en) 1990-03-29
CA2013356A1 (en) 1990-09-29
EP0389785B1 (en) 1994-09-14
RU2045686C1 (en) 1995-10-10
AU633550B2 (en) 1993-02-04
DD296992A5 (en) 1991-12-19
ATE111564T1 (en) 1994-09-15
ES2063180T3 (en) 1995-01-01
JPH02283872A (en) 1990-11-21
ZA902341B (en) 1990-12-28
AU5232990A (en) 1990-10-04
KR900014753A (en) 1990-10-24

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