EP0387207B1 - Charnière réglable et inviolable pour portes, fenêtres et structures similaires - Google Patents

Charnière réglable et inviolable pour portes, fenêtres et structures similaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0387207B1
EP0387207B1 EP90830071A EP90830071A EP0387207B1 EP 0387207 B1 EP0387207 B1 EP 0387207B1 EP 90830071 A EP90830071 A EP 90830071A EP 90830071 A EP90830071 A EP 90830071A EP 0387207 B1 EP0387207 B1 EP 0387207B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supports
bushings
bushing
groovings
holes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP90830071A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0387207A1 (fr
Inventor
Sergio Pacini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fapim Fabbrica Accessori Per Infissi Metallic
Original Assignee
Fapim Fabbrica Accessori Per Infissi Metallici Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fapim Fabbrica Accessori Per Infissi Metallici Srl filed Critical Fapim Fabbrica Accessori Per Infissi Metallici Srl
Publication of EP0387207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0387207A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0387207B1 publication Critical patent/EP0387207B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/0009—Adjustable hinges
    • E05D7/0018—Adjustable hinges at the hinge axis
    • E05D7/0045—Adjustable hinges at the hinge axis in a radial direction
    • E05D7/0054—Adjustable hinges at the hinge axis in a radial direction by means of eccentric parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
    • E05D2005/102—Pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D5/00—Construction of single parts, e.g. the parts for attachment
    • E05D5/10—Pins, sockets or sleeves; Removable pins
    • E05D5/14—Construction of sockets or sleeves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D7/00—Hinges or pivots of special construction
    • E05D7/10—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis
    • E05D7/1005—Hinges or pivots of special construction to allow easy separation or connection of the parts at the hinge axis by axially moving free pins, balls or sockets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2600/00—Mounting or coupling arrangements for elements provided for in this subclass
    • E05Y2600/50—Mounting methods; Positioning
    • E05Y2600/52—Toolless
    • E05Y2600/53—Snapping
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/132—Doors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
    • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
    • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
    • E05Y2900/13—Type of wing
    • E05Y2900/148—Windows

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hinge for the pivotable connection between the fixed case and the mobile leaf of doors, windows and similar frames. More specifically, it relates to an adjustable anti-forcing hinge.
  • Hinges which comprise a lower support, generally mounted on the fixed case, and an upper support mounted on the mobile leaf. These supports are pivotably connected by means of a pin which is seated in holes made in the supports.
  • the supports are fixed to the uprights of the leaf and of the case, generally by means of screws, and in the event that the latter are accessible with the leaf mounted and closed on the case, the hinge is usually called an "externally supported" hinge and is used when the uprights of the case and of the leaf do not permit the making of recesses for the mounting of the supports.
  • some hinges are provided with screw-cover plates which in turn are fixed to the supports by means of special screws which can be actuated with the leaf open only, as for example, in prior art hinge disclosed in the European patent No.0223186.
  • This entails an additional tightening operation during the mounting of the hinge and the use of a suitable key; furthermore, a hole is necessary on the outer part of the hinge which impairs its aesthetic value.
  • Another anti-forcing feature of some types of hinges is a special screw which is wedged in a recess made in the rotating pin, impeding retraction thereof as, for example, in the prior art hinge disxlosed in the Swiss patent No.457182,
  • This document providing the known features of the pre-characterising portion of independent Claim 1.
  • the pin is also weakened at the point of the recess.
  • other types of hinge comprise an intermediate annular enlargement, on which all the weight of the leaf is loaded causing friction and unwanted surface wear on supports.
  • some types permit adjustment in two predetermined positions with no possibility of further intermediate adjustments; other types comprise bushings with an eccentric internal hole interposed between the pin and the supports, which also permit intermediate adjustments between the extreme positions, but such adjustment is possible only with the leaf removed from the case, and so requires a great deal of time in order to be performed, a plurality of mountings and dismounting of the leaf relative to the case being necessary to find the optimum distance between them.
  • a bushing eccentrically housing the hinge pin has equispaced axial ribs on the outer surface engaging with corresponding grooves formed in the surface of the seat of the support.
  • grooves are provided both on the outer surface of the bushing and on the inner surface of the seat forming corresponding housings in prefixed angular positions of the bushing with respect to the seat. The relative movement of the bushing with respect to the seat in each of said positions is prevented by means of a stopper with at least a projection for engaging with said housing. By removing the stopper it would be possible to rotate the bushing by means of a suitable tool.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a hinge for doors, windows and similar frames which is anti-forcing and simple to mount in which the abovementioned disadvantages are overcome.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a hinge for doors, windows and similar frames which permits easy adjustment of the distance between the fixed case and the mobile leaf, with the leaf mounted on the case and with the possibility of easy intermediate adjustment relative to the extreme positions.
  • the hinge according to the invention is of the type comprising a lower and an upper support, means for fixing them to the fixed case and to the mobile leaf respectively, a lower and an upper bushing housed in through-holes formed in said lower and upper supports respectively.
  • Each bushing has an eccentric seat in which a hinge pin is pivotally housed and axial groovings are formed on the outer surface of said bushings and on the inner surface of said through-holes respectively, said groovings corresponding two-by-two in prefixed angular positions of said bushings relative to said through-holes.
  • the bushes furthermore having stop means extends radially from the ends of the bushings abutting on the ends of said supports thereby preventing the axial sliding of said bushing.
  • the main feature of the invention consists in that a removable stopper with at least a projection for engaging with two corresponding grooves and means for concealing said fixing means and that rigid ring is mounted, coaxial to the hinge pin, between the lower and the upper supports through which the load of the upper support is directly discharged on the lower support and in that the stop means does not prevent angular displacement of bushes and supports.
  • the concealing means comprises a cover plate mounted on each of said lower and upper supports, said cover plate abutting on said ring when the door- or window-leaf is in its closed position. In this way it is impossible to slide the cover plate and therefore have access to the fixing means of the support.
  • the hinge according to the invention comprises a lower support 1 and an upper support 2 which can be fixed respectively to the uprights 3 and 4, for example of the fixed case and of the mobile leaf of a door, window or similar frame, by means of tightening screws 5 and 6 which screw into treaded holes 7 in a counter-plate 8 via the holes 9 of the supports 1 and 2, the holes 10 of the uprights 3 and 4 and the washers 11 and 12.
  • the washer 12 is of greater thickness than the washer 11 so that the screw 6 projects from the hole 9, while the screw 5 does not project at all.
  • a screw-cover plate 13 engages against the guides 14 and 15 of the supports 1 and 2 and renders the screws 5 and 6 inaccessible once tightened.
  • a lower bushing 18 and an upper bushing 19 each of which is of substantially elongate cylindrical shape and possesses an eccentric longitudinal cylindrical hole 20 and a grooved end 21 having six equidistant parallel groovings 22 extending longitudinally over a section of the outer surface, and a hole 23 acting as a seating for an adjustment key (not shown).
  • Each tooth 24 is positioned mid-way between two adjacent grooves and has dimensions which are less than the cross-section of each grooving 17 of the hole 16 of the supports 1 and 2, in a manner such as to be able to slide therein and permit the passage of the bushings 18 and 19 in the holes 16.
  • These bushings possess, at the other end, an annular projection; more specifically, the lower bushing 18 possesses an annular projection 15 which is coaxial with the outer surface of the said bushing, while the upper bushing 19 possesses an annular projection 26 which is coaxial with the eccentric hole 10.
  • the annular projection 15 engages against a constriction 27a of the inner surface of a ring 27 interposed between the two supports 1 and 2.
  • a pin 30 is accommodated with an annular enlargement 31, of greater diameter than that of the holes 16 of the supports 1 and 1, but of lesser diameter than the internal diameter of the ring 27 and of the constriction 27a. More specifically, the two half-sections 30a and 30b of the pin 30 are pivotably situated in the eccentric holes 16 of the bushing 18 and of the bushing 19 respectively.
  • a blocking stopper 32 can be fixed by means of a resilient projection 33 at each of the grooved ends 21 of the bushings 18 and 19 which are housed into the holes 16 of the supports 1 and 2, and engages by snap-fitting in the hole 23 by means of elastic tabs 33a.
  • the stopper 32 also comprises six equidistant parallel plugs 34 projecting from its lower face 32 and arranged along a circonference whose diameter is equal to the diameter of the holes 16 and to the outer diameter of each of said bushings. The plugs 34 thus engage between the groovings of the hole 16 and of each of the bushings 18 and 19, impeding the relative rotation between bushing and support.
  • the screw-cover plates 13 engage against the guides 14 and 15 of each of the supports 1 and 2 by means of profiles 36 and 37.
  • the latter possesses a notch 38 which divides it into two profile portions 37a and 37b of lesser length than a second notch 39 made at the middle of the guide 15, for example by means of a milling tool which also produces a substantially circular recess 40 between the holes 9 in each of the supports 1 and 2.
  • a tooth 41 projects from each plate 13, from its inner face 13a, and is seated in the recess 40 between the screws 5 and 6.
  • the hinge according to the invention is anti-forcing in that the screw-cover plates 13 can be removed only when the leaf is dismantled from the case, or when the support 2 is disengaged from the pin 30.
  • the screw-cover plates 13, with the hinge mounted cannot move in that the profiles 36 abut against the ring 27 and the tooth 41 abuts against the screw 6. Consequently, the screws 5 and 6 for dismantling the supports 1 and 2 are accessible only with the leaf open and removed from the case, since only in this position is it possible to remove the ring 27 and slide the screw-cover plates 13.
  • the pin 30 is impossible to retract from the hinge with the leaf closed on the case, by virtue of its annular enlargement 31 and of the annular projection 25 and 26 of the bushings 18 and 19 which will not pass through the holes 16 of the supports 1 and 2.
  • the groovings 22 and the groovings 17 can also be different in number from what is indicated, and may also be mutually different in number provided that they are respectively a multiple and a factor of each other, and of course equidistant and parallel.
  • the plugs 34 of the stoppers 32 can also be different in number from what is indicated, provided such number is equal to or less than the number of groovings 22 and is a factor thereof.
  • the ring 27 supports the weight of the mobile leaf, transmitting it directly from the support 2 to the support 1 and relieving the pin 30 and the bushings 18 and 19. For this reason, said ring is preferably produced in an anti-friction material. Such materials or similar materials are preferably also used to form the bushings 18 and 19, since these are seatings for the rotation of the pin 30.
  • the stoppers 32 apart from locking the position of the bushings after adjustment, also act as a seal against the penetration of dust and dirt into the hinge.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hinges (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Charnière réglable et inviolable pour assurer le pivotement entre le bâti dormant (3) et le battant (4) de portes, fenêtres ou encadrements similaires, comprenant un support inférieur (1) et un support supérieur (2), des moyens pour fixer lesdits support inférieur (1) et supérieur (2) respectivement audit bâti dormant (3) et audit battant (4), une douille inférieure (18) et une douille supérieure (19) logées dans des trous de passage (16) ménagés respectivement dans lesdits supports inférieur (1) et supérieur (2), chaque douille présentant un logement excentré (20) dans lequel une cheville (30) est logée de manière pivotante, des rainures axiales (17, 22) étant formées sur la surface extérieure desdites douilles (18, 19) et, respectivement, sur la surface interne desdits trous de passage (16) correspondant deux à deux, ceci dans des positions angulaires prédéterminées desdites douilles par rapport auxdits trous de passages, des moyens de butée partant radialement des extrémités desdites douilles et s'aboutant sur les extrémités desdits supports, étant prévus, empêchant ainsi le glissement axial desdites douilles, ladite charnière étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un obturateur amovible avec au moins une saillie pour s'emboîter avec deux rainures correspondantes, des moyens pour dissimuler lesdits moyens de fixation, un anneau rigide, coaxial au gond de la charnière, situé entre ledit support supérieur (2) et ledit support inférieur (1), par lequel la charge dudit support supérieur (2) se décharge directement sur ledit support inférieur (1), lesdits moyens de butée n'empêchant pas un déplacement angulaire des douilles et des supports, lesdits moyens pour dissimuler comprenant un couvre-joint, monté sur chacun desdits supports inférieur et supérieur, s'aboutant sur ledit anneau lorsque ledit battant de porte ou de fenêtre est en position fermée.
2. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon la Revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits moyens de butée comprennent au moins deux dents (24), s'étendant radialement entre lesdites rainures (22) depuis une extrémité desdites douilles (18, 19), séparées par un angle qui est un multiple de la distance angulaire entre deux rainures adjacentes (22) et de moindre longueur que la section des rainures (17) desdits trous de passage (16) ; et des saillies annulaires (25, 26) s'étendant radialement depuis l'extrémité opposée desdites douilles (18, 19) ayant un plus grand diamètre que lesdits trous de passage (16), ledit anneau (27) monté entre lesdits supports (1, 2) présentant un rétrécissement (27a) au niveau de sa surface interne qui s'emboîte avec ladite saillie annulaire (25) de ladite douille inférieure (18), la saillie annulaire (26) de ladite douille supérieure (19) s'aboutant sur ledit support supérieur (2).
3. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon les Revendications précédentes, dans laquelle ledit couvre-joint (13) possède deux chantournements latéraux parallèles (36, 37) venant s'engager avec des guides parallèles correspondants (14, 15) ménagés sur chacun desdits supports (1, 2) et une dent (41) saillant d'une face dudit couvre-joint (13), lesdits supports inférieur et supérieur (1, 2) étant fixés audit bâti dormant (3) et audit battant (4), respectivement au moyen de vis (5, 6), la tête d'une desdites vis (6) s'aboutant contre ladite dent (41) dudit couvre-joint (13), un des guides (14) étant formé sur la surface latérale de chacun desdits support (1, 2) en correspondance dudit anneau (27) qui, lorsque la porte ou la fenêtre est en position fermée, s'aboute sur une extrémité de cette dernière.
4. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon la Revendication 3, dans laquelle un desdits chantournements (37) de chacun desdits couvre-joints (13) possède une encoche centrale (38) délimitant deux sections profilées (37a, 37b), le guide (15), dans lequel ledit chantournement (37) est engagé, possédant également une encoche (39) d'une plus grande épaisseur que chacune desdites sections profilées (37a, 37b), ladite encoche (39) divisant ledit guide (15) en deux sections de guidage (15a, 15b) chacune de moindre longueur que celle de l'encoche (38) dudit chantournement (37).
5. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon la Revendication 1, dans laquelle lesdits obturateurs (32) comprennent chacun un nombre de saillies en forme d'ergots (34) égal au nombre de rainures (22) ménagées sur lesdites douilles (18, 19) et une saillie résiliente (33) s'engageant par encliquetage dans un orifice (23) permettant à un outil de réglage de déplacer angulairement lesdites douilles (18, 19).
6. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon la Revendication 5, dans laquelle lesdits ergots (34) saillant desdits obturateurs (32) et lesdites rainures (17, 22), ménagées respectivement sur la surface desdits trous (16) et desdites douilles (18, 19), sont en nombre égal.
7. Charnière réglable et inviolable selon la Revendication 6, dans laquelle lesdits ergots (34) et lesdites rainures (17, 22) sont au nombre de six.
EP90830071A 1989-03-10 1990-02-28 Charnière réglable et inviolable pour portes, fenêtres et structures similaires Expired EP0387207B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8917702A IT1234629B (it) 1989-03-10 1989-03-10 Cerniera regolabile con funzione antiscasso adatta per porte e finestre in genere
IT1770289 1989-03-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0387207A1 EP0387207A1 (fr) 1990-09-12
EP0387207B1 true EP0387207B1 (fr) 1992-07-01

Family

ID=11150594

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90830071A Expired EP0387207B1 (fr) 1989-03-10 1990-02-28 Charnière réglable et inviolable pour portes, fenêtres et structures similaires

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0387207B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69000171T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2033166T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT1234629B (fr)

Families Citing this family (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2230557B (en) * 1989-04-21 1993-12-08 Leslie George Briggs A hinge
GB2264532A (en) * 1992-02-28 1993-09-01 Hardware & Systems Patents Ltd Adjustable hinge having bush with eccentric bore
GB9315232D0 (en) * 1993-07-22 1993-09-08 Downey Graham Adjustment device
IT1285585B1 (it) * 1996-03-04 1998-06-18 Giesse Spa Cerniera per porte ed infissi metallici
DE29614104U1 (de) * 1996-08-14 1997-12-18 Dr. Hahn GmbH & Co. KG., 41189 Mönchengladbach Band für Türen, Fenster u.dgl. und dafür geeignete Abdeckung
DE29616716U1 (de) * 1996-09-25 1998-01-29 Dr. Hahn GmbH & Co. KG., 41189 Mönchengladbach Band für Türen, Fenster u.dgl.
DE19832025B4 (de) * 1998-03-09 2005-08-25 Schüring GmbH & Co. Fenstertechnologie KG Höhenverstellbares Gelenkband
KR100434953B1 (ko) * 2001-06-23 2004-06-09 정병웅 회전식 도어의 힌지장치
DE10219232C1 (de) * 2002-04-30 2003-10-30 Zoltan Anton Kiefer Anordnung mit Türblatt und Scharnieren sowie Duschkabine
US6721992B2 (en) 2002-06-19 2004-04-20 Oren Cotton Boat hinge cover
NO319644B1 (no) * 2003-03-10 2005-09-05 Ole Gunnar Soviknes Hengsel, saerlig for dorer, med et baereorgan for en akseltapp.
ITBO20040578A1 (it) * 2004-09-17 2004-12-17 Gsg Int Spa Cerniera regolabile per infissi
US7162774B1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2007-01-16 Ferco Architechtural Hardware Multi-position adjustable door hinge
DE602008003091D1 (de) * 2008-01-31 2010-12-02 Savio Spa Ein Scharnier für Türen oder Fenster
EP2586944B1 (fr) * 2011-10-26 2016-03-30 Josef Hasler Charnière dotée d'éléments de réglage et d'une couronne de réglage destinée à ces éléments de réglage
CN103397824B (zh) * 2013-08-14 2016-03-30 希美克(广州)实业有限公司 具有调整和锁紧装置的合页
CN106639710B (zh) * 2016-12-20 2018-02-06 广东合和建筑五金制品有限公司 用于塑料窗的三维可调插轴式合页
CN110735573B (zh) * 2019-10-21 2024-10-01 宁波市维特建筑五金有限公司 一种多功能欧标u槽隐形铰链

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1559987B2 (de) * 1965-07-22 1973-02-15 Heinz Schurmann & Co, 4800 Biele feld Scharnier fuer fenster oder tueren
DE2160519A1 (de) * 1971-12-07 1973-06-14 Schlechtendahl & Soehne Wilh Einstellbare zapfenbandanordnung
FR2549518B1 (fr) * 1983-07-22 1990-08-24 Technal France Penture reglable, notamment pour la fixation d'un volet sur des gonds preexistants
DE3418138C2 (de) * 1984-05-16 1986-03-27 Dr. Hahn GmbH & Co KG, 4050 Mönchengladbach Bandzapfenbüchse
DE3540766A1 (de) * 1985-11-16 1987-05-21 Haps & Sohn Gmbh & Co Kg Justierbares tuer- oder fensterband
DE8619773U1 (de) * 1986-07-23 1986-09-11 ONI-Metallwarenfabriken Günter GmbH & Co, 4973 Vlotho Türscharnier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69000171T2 (de) 1993-03-25
DE69000171D1 (de) 1992-08-06
ES2033166T3 (es) 1993-03-01
IT1234629B (it) 1992-05-26
IT8917702A0 (it) 1989-03-10
EP0387207A1 (fr) 1990-09-12

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