EP0383425B1 - Moulds for manufacturing contact lenses - Google Patents
Moulds for manufacturing contact lenses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0383425B1 EP0383425B1 EP90300048A EP90300048A EP0383425B1 EP 0383425 B1 EP0383425 B1 EP 0383425B1 EP 90300048 A EP90300048 A EP 90300048A EP 90300048 A EP90300048 A EP 90300048A EP 0383425 B1 EP0383425 B1 EP 0383425B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- mould
- female
- members
- male
- lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/40—Compensating volume change, e.g. retraction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C39/00—Shaping by casting, i.e. introducing the moulding material into a mould or between confining surfaces without significant moulding pressure; Apparatus therefor
- B29C39/22—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C39/26—Moulds or cores
- B29C39/32—Moulds or cores with joints or the like for making the mould impervious
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
- B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
- B29D11/00038—Production of contact lenses
- B29D11/00057—Production of contact lenses characterised by the shape or surface condition of the edge, e.g. flashless, burrless, smooth
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
- Y10S425/808—Lens mold
Definitions
- This invention relates to the manufacture of contact lenses by cast moulding technology, and in particular to disposable plastics material moulds for casting contact lenses.
- U.S. 4,208,364 (Shepherd) teaches the casting of a lens between two disposable plastic mould members one of which is provided with a deformable lip which facilitates the relative movement of the mould members towards each other in order to compensate for the shrinkage of the lens polymer which occurs during polymerisation. Said movement maintains contact between the optical surfaces of the mould members and the lens polymer thus ensuring good optical quality of the lens.
- said deformable lip against which the edge of the lens is formed being of a disadvantageous cross-sectional form and minute dimensions, is difficult to produce to the required degree of precision by the specified injection moulding process.
- the resulting lens edges frequently exhibit imperfections which may become more pronounced during the process of removing the formed lens from the assembled mould members. Such imperfections existing in the edge of the lens often cause the lens to be judged as unfit for use. In addition, such imperfections often form sites for the initiation of cracks which may propagate into the lens providing further cause for rejection of the lens on inspection.
- the production yield of lenses manufactured- by the Shepherd method being the number of lenses produced from a given number of cast mouldings, is generally of the order of 50% or less.
- the method can further suffer from imperfections in the lens edge which is formed against the junction line between the two mould members. Misalignment of the mould members on assembly of the members prior to polymerisation of the lens forming monomer may occur due to variation in the actual size of the mould members produced from given tooling at different times. Any such misalignment will result in a deformation of the lens edge.
- a further limitation of the method described in the American Optical patent lies in the fact that the configuration of the portion of the female mould member at the point where the edge is formed against such member, being of disadvantageous cross-sectional form and minute dimensions, does not lend itself to production by the injection moulding process specified in the patent.
- the lens edge form shown in the patent could not therefore be effectively moulded without deformation resulting from imperfections in the said portion of the female mould member.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a configuration for the respective mould members which can be readily moulded by a conventional injection moulding process such that the lens edge form described may be reliably achieved utilizing the said mould members.
- US-A-4208364 describes a plastics material mould for casting a contact lens from curable material which shrinks during curing, said mould comprising: male and female mould members adapted to fit together to define a mould cavity; and said male and female mould members each present a curved surface for moulding a respective desired optical surface of a contact lens; said male and female mould members being adapted to permit the mould members to move towards one another during curing of said curable material introduced into the mould cavity to cast a lens.
- the present invention is characterized in that: said male mould member has a shoulder adjacent and circumferentially surrounding its optical curved surface; said female mould member presents a generally cylindrical surface adjacent and circumferentially surrounding its optical curved surface; and said shoulder is a circumferentially continuous slidable fit with said generally cylindrical surface when the mould members are assembled to permit the mould members to move slidably towards one another during curing of said curable material introduced into the mould cavity to cast a lens.
- the invention provides a method as set forth in claim 11.
- Figures 1a and 1b show the prior art Shepherd mould having male and female mould members 10,11 the male member having a deformable lip 12.
- the practical disadvantages of this arrangement have been described above, in particular that the deformable lip 12, against which the edge of the lens is formed, is of disadvantageous cross-sectional form and minute dimensions.
- Figures 2a to 2c show the prior art American Optical mould having male and female mould members 15,16 provided with abutting annular seats 17,18.
- the practical disadvantages of this arrangement have been described above, in particular that the seats 17,18 do not provide means for the mould members to move towards each other during polymerisation other than by deformation of the mould members.
- the seat portion 18 of the female member, against which the edge of the lens is formed is again of disadvantageous cross-sectional form and minute dimensions.
- Figure 2b shows an idealised shape, in practice the shape tends to be variable and more as shown in Figure 2c.
- Figures 3a and 3b show an embodiment of the present invention.
- a mould member 20 having a convex optical surface 21 is generally referred to as the male mould member and the base curve of the cast contact lens is formed against the optical surface 21.
- a mould member 22 having a concave optical surface 23 is generally referred to as the female mould member and the anterior surface of the cast contact lens is formed against the optical surface 23.
- the male and female mould members fit together to define a mould cavity 24 within which the lens is cast.
- the mould members 20,22 may conveniently be manufactured by an injection moulding process using a thermo-moulding polymer such as poly-propylene.
- the female mould member 22 is provided with a generally cylindrical surface 25 which may be a right circular cylindrical surface or which may advantageously be of a frusto-conical form (as shown in Figs. 3a and 3b) so as to provide a lead-in for the opposing shoulder of the male mould member 20 which mates with the said cylindrical surface 25 of the female mould member upon assembly of the mould members prior to polymerisation of the lens monomer.
- the male mould member is provided with a shoulder 26 surrounding its optical curved surface 21. The shoulder presents a substantially right-angled corner formed by the junction of a first annular surface 27 facing the female mould member and a second right circular cylindrical surface 28.
- the female mould member 22 is assembled with the male mould member 20 after first being charged with a metered dose of monomeric material from which the contact lens will be formed by polymerisation. Polymerisation of the monomeric material is then effected by heating the assembly in a waterbath or temperature-controlled oven or by other means familiar to those skilled in the art such as ultra-violet radiation in which case at least one of the mould members must be formed from a material which is transparent or semi-transparent to such radiation.
- the edge 29 of the lens is formed between the surface 27 of the shoulder 26 of the male mould and a portion of the cylindrical or frusto-conical surface 25 of the female mould as shown in Fig. 3b.
- the engagement of the corner at the junction between the surfaces 27 and 28 of the shoulder of the male mould member against the surface 25 of the female mould member provides a running seal between the two members through which excess monomeric material may escape from the cavity contained between the two mould members during the progressive assembly of the members.
- the male and female mould members may approach each other as the corner junction of surfaces 27 and 28 of the shoulder of the male mould member slides along the surface 25 of the female mould member.
- the positioning of the male mould member relative to the female mould member upon assembly of the members may be determined by appropriate adjustment of the stroke of the assembling means provided on a machine within or upon which the mould members are assembled.
- the mould members may be provided with mating flat ring surfaces respectively marked as 30 and 31 in Fig. 3a.
- a hinging effect which occurs at the intersection of the surfaces 31 and 28 of the male mould member permits the surfaces of the mould members to move towards each other by means of the above described sliding of the shoulder of the male mould member along the cylindrical or frusto-conical surface of the female mould member.
- the male mould member may if required be weakened as shown at 32 by reduction of the wall thickness in the region of the point of intersection of the surfaces 31 and 28 so as to facilitate the above described hinging effect.
- Fig. 3b is an enlarged view of the mould members in the region where the lens edge 29 is formed between the mould members. From this it will be seen that the configuration of each of the mould members in this region is such as to be readily mouldable using conventional injection moulding technology. Narrow and acutely angled cross-sections such as may be found in the region of the lip 12 on the relevant mould member of Shepherd or in the extreme edge 18 of the female mould member of American Optical have been avoided. Both mould members of the present embodiment have relevant cross-sections consisting of right angles or obtuse angles which may be accurately reproduced by conventional injection moulding techniques.
- the disposable mould members may advantageously be designed incorporating a means 40 for mounting the mould members in their assembled from onto the rotating spindle 41 of a lathing machine (not shown) which may have cutting tool 42 to remove a portion 43 of the female mould member from the assembly so as to expose the front surface and a portion of the edge of the cast lens 44.
- a lathing machine not shown
- the lens 44 may be easily released from the male mould by distortion of the mould surface which may be achieved by a simple squeezing action applied at the base of the mould assembly.
- the portion or the female mould may be removed with the lens adhering to such portion from which it may subsequently be detached by a squeezing action applied across the diameter of the removed female mould portion.
- the removal of the female mould portion as above described may be advantageously performed on a special purpose machine (not shown) wherein the loading of the mould assembly onto the rotating spindle and the machining of the portion of the female mould are carried out automatically.
- the lens edge produced by the above described moulds and methods is of an essentially triangular cross-section with its apex occurring at the approximate mid point of the edge. If a different cross-sectional edge profile is required the moulded edge may be polished by conventional lens edge polishing means or by tumbling the lens utilizing small glass spheres in a manner similar to that used during the production, of intra-ocular lenses.
- Figure 5 shows a further embodiment comprising a male mould member 50 and a female mould member 51.
- the male mould has a convex optical surface 52 and a shoulder 53 similar to shoulder 26 described in relation to Figures 3a and 3b.
- the female mould has a generally cylindrical surface surrounding its concave optical surface 54.
- the generally cylindrical surface comprises first, second and third surfaces in succession away from the optical surface 54.
- the first surface is a frusto-conical surface 55 tapering outwardly at a taper angle preferably in the range of from 5 to 10°, for providing the slidable fit with the shoulder 53 of the male member as described in relation to Figure 3a and 3b.
- the second surface is substantially a right circular cylindrical surface 56 to improve seating of the mould members together upon assembly.
- the third surface is a frusto-conical surface 57 tapering outwardly away from the optical surface.
- the mould members are provided with opposing planar ring surface portions 58 and 59 similar to ring surface portions 30 and 31 in Figure 3a and for a similar purpose.
- the female mould member has a further cylindrical portion 60 outwardly of the ring portion 59, and the inner surface 61 of portion 60 is slightly roughened.
- the ring portion 58 of the male member has an annular groove 62 close to its outer edge to produce an annular resilient beak 63 dimensioned to be a resilient fit within the roughened cylindrical portion 60. Accordingly, the beak and the roughened portion provide a locking or ratchet effect as the male member moves towards the female member during assembly of the mould members and during subsequent curing.
- This embodiment is particularly suitable for the casting of lenses from monomer mixtures with highly volatile components, when the moulds must be relatively firmly sealed together. During curing the male mould member can travel towards the female member to compensate for monomer shrinkage, as with the earlier described embodiments.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB898900616A GB8900616D0 (en) | 1989-01-12 | 1989-01-12 | Methods of manufacturing contact lenses |
GB8900616 | 1989-01-12 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0383425A2 EP0383425A2 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
EP0383425A3 EP0383425A3 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
EP0383425B1 true EP0383425B1 (en) | 1993-06-23 |
Family
ID=10649910
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90300048A Expired - Lifetime EP0383425B1 (en) | 1989-01-12 | 1990-01-03 | Moulds for manufacturing contact lenses |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5087015A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0383425B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3134227B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR0140212B1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE90909T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU629280B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2007536C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69002016T2 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK0383425T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2042205T3 (ja) |
GB (2) | GB8900616D0 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG113793G (ja) |
Families Citing this family (41)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5573108A (en) * | 1988-11-02 | 1996-11-12 | British Technology Group Ltd. | Disposable contact lens package |
DE68928283T2 (de) * | 1988-11-02 | 1998-01-02 | British Tech Group | Giessen und Verpacken von Kontaktlinsen |
GB8919533D0 (en) * | 1989-08-29 | 1989-10-11 | Mjs Scient Ltd | Contact lens mould |
IL97175A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1996-01-31 | Ciba Geigy | Pattern for casting contact lenses |
US5252056A (en) * | 1990-03-16 | 1993-10-12 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Contact lens casting mould |
IL102556A (en) * | 1991-08-16 | 1998-02-08 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Prod | Device and process for fusing detachable lens mold units |
US5271875A (en) * | 1991-09-12 | 1993-12-21 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Method for molding lenses |
US5238388A (en) * | 1991-12-06 | 1993-08-24 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Products, Inc. | Ophthalmic lens mold seal |
US5254000A (en) * | 1992-04-23 | 1993-10-19 | Corning Incorporated | Organic polymer lens mold |
IL113904A0 (en) * | 1994-06-10 | 1995-08-31 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Prod | Mold clamping and precure of a polymerizable hydrogel |
US5620720A (en) * | 1994-11-29 | 1997-04-15 | Allergan | Cast molding of intraocular lenses |
US5649874A (en) * | 1996-08-05 | 1997-07-22 | Marble Vision Inc. | Transparent ball with insert, and process of manufacture thereof |
DE19727671C2 (de) * | 1997-06-30 | 2000-04-13 | Woehlk Contact Linsen Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Formkörpern aus einer polymerisierbaren Mischung |
US6368522B1 (en) * | 2000-01-03 | 2002-04-09 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Mold for forming a contact lens and method of preventing formation of small strands of contact lens material during contact lens manufacture |
US7628485B2 (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2009-12-08 | Coopervision International Holding Company, Lp | Contact lens having a uniform horizontal thickness profile |
US6923538B2 (en) * | 2000-07-06 | 2005-08-02 | Coopervision, Inc. | Method for cast moulding contact lenses with a rounded edge form |
KR100385447B1 (ko) * | 2000-10-13 | 2003-05-27 | 뉴바이오 (주) | 콘택트 렌즈 주형 몰드 및 이를 이용한 콘택트 렌즈제조방법 |
EP1372524B1 (en) * | 2001-03-16 | 2006-09-20 | Novartis AG | Method for casting ophthalmic lenses |
JP2003011139A (ja) * | 2001-06-27 | 2003-01-15 | Menicon Co Ltd | コンタクトレンズ用成形型およびそれを用いたコンタクトレンズの製造方法 |
ATE405414T1 (de) * | 2001-10-11 | 2008-09-15 | Coopervision Int Holding Co Lp | Einsatz und verfahren zum giessformen von kontaktlinsen mit einer abgerundeten randform |
US6997693B2 (en) * | 2001-10-19 | 2006-02-14 | Novartis Ag | Casting mold half and casting mold for producing contact lenses |
US20040075182A1 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2004-04-22 | Stephane Gobron | Stackable contact lens molds |
KR100602730B1 (ko) * | 2002-09-06 | 2006-07-20 | 주식회사 씨엘웍스 | 금형에 의한 소프트콘택트렌즈 제조방법 |
US7628810B2 (en) | 2003-05-28 | 2009-12-08 | Acufocus, Inc. | Mask configured to maintain nutrient transport without producing visible diffraction patterns |
US7731872B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2010-06-08 | Coopervision International Holding Company, Lp | Methods and systems for forming ophthalmic lens mold assemblies |
US8287782B2 (en) * | 2006-08-08 | 2012-10-16 | Coopervision International Holding Company, Lp | Interference fitting polar resin ophthalmic lens molding devices and related methods |
US8003024B2 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2011-08-23 | Coopervision International Holding Company, Lp | Polyolefin contact lens molds and uses thereof |
KR100812057B1 (ko) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-03-07 | 이장원 | 콘택트렌즈 제조용 이종재질의 암수형 몰드 |
WO2009088704A1 (en) * | 2007-12-31 | 2009-07-16 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Casting mold for forming a biomedical device including an ophthalmic device |
CA2770732C (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2017-04-25 | Acufocus, Inc. | Corneal inlay with nutrient transport structures |
US10004593B2 (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2018-06-26 | Acufocus, Inc. | Intraocular lens with elastic mask |
EP3290003B1 (en) | 2009-08-13 | 2023-12-13 | AcuFocus, Inc. | Method of manufacturing masked intraocular implants and lenses |
GB0917806D0 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2009-11-25 | Sauflon Cl Ltd | Fluorinated silicone hydrogels |
CN103313843B (zh) | 2010-11-26 | 2017-03-22 | 日柔有限公司 | 隐形眼镜制造方法 |
US9545303B2 (en) | 2011-12-02 | 2017-01-17 | Acufocus, Inc. | Ocular mask having selective spectral transmission |
US9204962B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2015-12-08 | Acufocus, Inc. | In situ adjustable optical mask |
US9427922B2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2016-08-30 | Acufocus, Inc. | Process for manufacturing an intraocular lens with an embedded mask |
EP3220859B8 (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2020-06-10 | AcuFocus, Inc. | Fracturable mask for treating presbyopia |
WO2017062316A1 (en) | 2015-10-05 | 2017-04-13 | Acufocus, Inc. | Methods of molding intraocular lenses |
CA3005891C (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2023-12-12 | Acufocus, Inc. | Toric small aperture intraocular lens with extended depth of focus |
WO2019217471A1 (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2019-11-14 | Acufocus, Inc. | Intraocular implant with removable optic |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3605195A (en) * | 1970-08-24 | 1971-09-20 | Charles D Campbell | Mold assembly for casting plastic optical lenses |
US4197266A (en) * | 1974-05-06 | 1980-04-08 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Method for forming optical lenses |
US4208364A (en) * | 1976-03-24 | 1980-06-17 | Shepherd Thomas H | Process for the production of contact lenses |
US4095772A (en) * | 1977-05-13 | 1978-06-20 | Weber Hermann P | Casting apparatus for plastic lenses |
FR2416104A1 (fr) * | 1978-02-07 | 1979-08-31 | Essilor Int | Dispositif de moulage, en particulier pour lentille de contact souple |
US4340482A (en) * | 1978-02-21 | 1982-07-20 | Millipore Corporation | Process for grafting amino acid molecules onto preformed polymer surfaces and products prepared thereby |
US4469464A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1984-09-04 | Dennison Manufacturing Company | Ink pad applicator |
US4534723A (en) * | 1984-01-30 | 1985-08-13 | International Hydron Corporation | Cutting device for the precision trimming of the edge of a centrifugally cast lens |
GB2191144B (en) * | 1985-03-19 | 1988-06-08 | Coopervision Optics | Casting lenses |
GB8508247D0 (en) * | 1985-03-29 | 1985-05-09 | Sola Int Holdings | Contact lenses |
GB8601967D0 (en) * | 1986-01-28 | 1986-03-05 | Coopervision Optics | Manufacturing contact lenses |
US4865779A (en) * | 1987-12-15 | 1989-09-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Lens molding apparatus and method |
-
1989
- 1989-01-12 GB GB898900616A patent/GB8900616D0/en active Pending
- 1989-12-21 GB GB8928888A patent/GB2226977B/en not_active Expired
-
1990
- 1990-01-03 EP EP90300048A patent/EP0383425B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-03 ES ES199090300048T patent/ES2042205T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-03 DE DE90300048T patent/DE69002016T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-03 AT AT90300048T patent/ATE90909T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-01-03 DK DK90300048.7T patent/DK0383425T3/da active
- 1990-01-08 US US07/462,166 patent/US5087015A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-08 AU AU47782/90A patent/AU629280B2/en not_active Expired
- 1990-01-10 CA CA002007536A patent/CA2007536C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-12 JP JP02003697A patent/JP3134227B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-01-12 KR KR90000355A patent/KR0140212B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-10-16 SG SG113793A patent/SG113793G/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0383425T3 (da) | 1993-08-02 |
JPH02270517A (ja) | 1990-11-05 |
EP0383425A2 (en) | 1990-08-22 |
CA2007536A1 (en) | 1990-07-12 |
CA2007536C (en) | 2000-11-21 |
EP0383425A3 (en) | 1990-09-05 |
ATE90909T1 (de) | 1993-07-15 |
US5087015A (en) | 1992-02-11 |
GB2226977B (en) | 1992-10-21 |
AU4778290A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
KR0140212B1 (en) | 1998-07-01 |
AU629280B2 (en) | 1992-10-01 |
GB8928888D0 (en) | 1990-02-28 |
GB2226977A (en) | 1990-07-18 |
GB8900616D0 (en) | 1989-03-08 |
DE69002016D1 (de) | 1993-07-29 |
ES2042205T3 (es) | 1993-12-01 |
SG113793G (en) | 1994-01-21 |
JP3134227B2 (ja) | 2001-02-13 |
DE69002016T2 (de) | 1993-09-30 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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