EP0376900B1 - Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern, insbesondere für Kraftwagen - Google Patents

Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern, insbesondere für Kraftwagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0376900B1
EP0376900B1 EP89830550A EP89830550A EP0376900B1 EP 0376900 B1 EP0376900 B1 EP 0376900B1 EP 89830550 A EP89830550 A EP 89830550A EP 89830550 A EP89830550 A EP 89830550A EP 0376900 B1 EP0376900 B1 EP 0376900B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sump
block
main bearing
bearing caps
engine according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89830550A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0376900A1 (de
Inventor
Eppo Ricordi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fiat Auto SpA
Original Assignee
Fiat Auto SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fiat Auto SpA filed Critical Fiat Auto SpA
Publication of EP0376900A1 publication Critical patent/EP0376900A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0376900B1 publication Critical patent/EP0376900B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0002—Cylinder arrangements
    • F02F7/0007—Crankcases of engines with cylinders in line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/002—Integrally formed cylinders and cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F7/0043—Arrangements of mechanical drive elements
    • F02F7/0053—Crankshaft bearings fitted in the crankcase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F02B2275/20—SOHC [Single overhead camshaft]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F2001/008—Stress problems, especially related to thermal stress

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, particularly for motor vehicles.
  • the intake and exhaust manifolds and the covers are also fixed to the block and to the head by means of bolts and gaskets.
  • the connections between the various components are achieved by means of flanges which are not always in one piece.
  • the flange for attaching the oil sump normally carries "cradles" which give rise to oil leaks.
  • the structural deterioration of the materials, due to ageing and to thermal stress, or the incomplete tightening of the bolts connecting the various components are the cause of defects and breakdowns.
  • GB-B-1040793 discloses a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine including a cylinder block in which are formed the cylinders, an oil sump situated beneath the block, combustion chambers for the cylinders, intake and exhaust ducts, seats for valves and spark plugs, and a timing control assembly situated above the block, and a crankshaft supported for rotation by means of main bearings and main bearing caps, wherein the cylinder block is a single piece which incorporates the combustion chambers, the ducts and the seats and, above the latter and substantially in correspondence with the lower ends of the cylinder, is formed with two continuous integral flanges, in a single upper plane and a single lower plane respectively, for the coupling of corresponding continuous upper and lower flanges respectively formed in single planes, the upper flange being integral with the timing control assembly.
  • the lower flange is formed, intermediate the ends of the cylinders, on a cast-iron unit constituting the engine crankcase and in turn formed with transverse webs to support the main bearings for the engine crankshaft.
  • a usual pressed sheet-metal sump is secured to a further lower flange formed on the crankcase unit, and the main bearings caps are secured from below to the main bearings by bolts.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an engine with a novel architecture, which is formed so as to eliminate fluid leakages, to reduce components which are most subject to defects due to assembly anomalies or structural deterioration, and to rationalise the function of each component and minimise the use of nuts and bolts in order to produce a very strong and reliable unit.
  • this concept affords notable advantages in terms of the bending and torsional strength of the engine and of the reduction of its tendency to vibrate and of the leakage of fluids to the outside.
  • the spacer means conveniently comprise spacers of calibrated thickness which are interposed between the mutually facing surfaces of the main bearing caps and the retaining feet of the block and are held on the caps by means of resilient bridge members formed integrally with the spacers and provided with parts for engaging complementary fixing recesses in the caps.
  • the main bearing caps have lateral projections which bear against complementary lateral shoulders of the lateral pillars of the sump.
  • the sump has box-like front and rear walls provided with respective apertures for the drive from the driving shaft, the front one being formed with a flange which constitutes a seat for the oil pump and the rear one defining a seat for the rear seal of the driving shaft.
  • a four-cylinder internal combustion engine for a motor car is generally indicated 1.
  • the engine 1 is composed essentially of three elements: a cylinder block 2, a sump structure 3 fitted beneath the block 2, and a timing control assembly 4 fitted above the block 2.
  • the block 2 is constituted by a single piece defining the four cylinders 5, a chamber 6 for the circulation of the coolant liquid for the engine 1, as well as all the parts which are formed in the cylinder head in conventional engines, that is, the combustion chambers 7 of the cylinders 5, their intake ducts 8 and exhaust ducts 9, the seats 10 for the inlet and exhaust valves 11 and their springs, and the seats for any spark plugs (not illustrated).
  • the chamber 6 for the coolant of the engine which is wholly included in the one-piece casting of the block 2, communicates with the outside on one side through a seat, not shown, for the pump for the liquid and on the other side through a lateral connector 12, which is also integral with the block 2 and acts as the casing for a thermostat 13 for regulating the temperature of the coolant liquid.
  • the engine block 2 is formed with two continuous integral flanges, an upper flange 14 and a lower flange 15, each in a single plane.
  • the upper flange 14 is coupled to a corresponding continuous flange 16 formed in a single plane and integral with the timing control assembly 4, which is constituted essentially by a body 17 containing the camshaft 18 and the tappets, schematically indicated 19.
  • the lower flange 15 is situated substantially at the level of the lower ends of the cylinders 5 and is coupled to a corresponding continuous flange formed in a single plane 20 and integral with the sump structure 3.
  • the sump 3 is box-like on three sides and on its front and rear faces. These faces define two coaxial holes 21, 22 in correspondence with which an annular flange 23 for the attachment of the oil pump (not shown) and an annular seat 24 for the rear seal of the driving shaft 25 are formed, respectively.
  • the driving shaft 25 (which is inserted from above during assembly) is supported by the sump structure 3 by means of main bearings 26 which are integral therewith, and main bearing caps 27 which bear on the sump 3 and are clamped against it by the block 2 in the manner made clear below.
  • pistons 29 are sealingly slidable in the respective cylinders 5 and are connected to the crankshaft 25 in conventional manner, by means of connecting rods 28.
  • the sump 3 is connected to the block 2 by means of axial bolts 30 ( Figures 1 and 4) inserted in tubular pillars 31 formed integrally with the sump 3 beside the main bearing caps 27.
  • the sump 3/block 2 assembly thus forms an egg-shaped chamber which has very high bending and torsional strength and is insensitive to vibrations.
  • the sump 3 also acts as a reservoir for the lubricating oil and contains all the ducts which take the oil to the pump and thence to the filter and the crankshaft bearings, indicated 32.
  • the function of the reservoir for the lubricating oil may be carried out by a lower sump bolted to the sump structure, with continuous integral flanges lying in a single plane for the coupling of the sump and the lower sump.
  • the plane is, for example, the one identified by the line A in Figure 1.
  • each main bearing cap 27 simply bears on the respective main bearing 26 and is aligned therewith by means of centring pins 33.
  • Each main bearing cap has at least two separate appendages 34 which face the block 2 and are situated opposite corresponding feet 35 thereof.
  • Spacers 36 of calibrated thickness are interposed between the mutually facing surfaces of the appendages 34 and the corresponding feet 35.
  • the two spacers 36 associated with each main bearing cap 27 are formed integrally with a resilient plate-shaped bridge member 37 provided with side parts 38 for engaging complementary fixing recesses 39 in the main bearing cap 27.
  • the engine according to the invention achieves a considerable structural simplification as a result of the reduction of the number of components and the minimising of the use of nuts and bolts. Moreover, the elimination of parts and materials which are subject to ageing enables the risks of liquid and gas leakages to be eliminated, leading to the production of an extremely strong and reliable unit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Mehrzylinder-Brennkraftmaschine (1), umfassend einen Zylinderblock (2), in dem die Zylinder (5) ausgebildet sind, eine unterhalb des Zylinderblocks (2) angeordnete Ölwanne (3), Brennkammern (7) für die Zylinder (5), Einlaß- und Auslaßleitungen (8,9), Sitze (10) für Ventile (11) und Zündkerzen, und eine oberhalb des Blocks (2) angeordnete Timing-Steueranordnung (4), und eine Kurbelwelle (25), die mittels Hauptlagern (26) und Hauptlagerkappen (27) drehbar gehalten ist, wobei der Zylinderblock (2) ein einziges Stück ist, das die Brennkammern (7), die Leitungen (8,9) und die Sitze (10) beinhaltet und das oberhalb der letzteren und im wesentlichen in Übereinstimmung mit den unteren Enden der Zylinder (5) in einer einzigen oberen Ebene bzw. einer einzigen unteren Ebene mit zwei kontinuierlichen, einstückigen Flanschen (14,15) ausgebildet ist zum Ankoppeln von entsprechenden, in einzigen Ebenen ausgebildeten, kontinuierlichen oberen und unteren Flanschen (16,20), wobei der obere Flansch (16) einstückig mit der Timing-Steueranordnung (4) ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    - die Ölwanne (3) von einem Formkörper zum Halten der Kurbelwelle (25) gebildet ist, welcher in einem Stück mit den Hauptlagern (26) ausgebildet ist und mit rohrförmigen seitlichen Säulen (31) zur Aufnahme von Bolzen (30) versehen ist, welche den mit der Ölwanne (3) einstückigen unteren Flansch (20) an dem Zylinderblock (2) befestigen,
    - die Hauptlagerkappen (27) einfach auf den Hauptlagern (26) lagern und durch den Block (2) über zwischen den Hauptlagerkappen (27) und entsprechenden Rückhaltefüßen (35) des Blocks (2) angeordnete Abstandsmittel (36) gegen die Hauptlager geklemmt sind.
  2. Maschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abstandsmittel Abstandselemente (36) kalibrierter Dicke umfassen, die zwischen die wechselweise einander zugewandten Flächen der Hauptlagerkappen (27) und der Rückhaltefüße (35) des Zylinderblocks (2) eingesetzt sind und an den Hauptlagerkappen (27) mittels elastischer Brückenelemente (37) gehalten sind, welche einstückig mit den Abstandselementen (36) ausgebildet sind und mit Teilen (38) zum Eingriff mit komplementären Befestigungsausnehmungen (39) in den Hauptlagerkappen (27) versehen sind.
  3. Maschine nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hauptlagerkappen (27) wenigstens zwei getrennte seitliche Vorsprünge (40) aufweisen, welche gegen komplementäre seitliche Schultern (41) der rohrförmigen Säulen (31) der Wanne (3) anliegen.
  4. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wanne (3) kastenartige Vorder- und Rückwandungen aufweist, die mit entsprechenden Öffnungen (21,22) zum Einführen der Antriebswelle (25) versehen sind, deren vordere mit einem Flansch (23) ausgebildet ist, der einen Sitz für die Ölpumpe bildet, und deren hintere einen Sitz (24) für die hintere Dichtung der Antriebswelle (25) festlegt.
  5. Maschine nach einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinderblock (2) einstückig mit einer Kammer (6) für die Kühlflüssigkeit der Maschine (1) ist, wobei die Kammer (6) mit der Umgebung durch einen Verbinder (12) in Verbindung steht, der einstückig mit dem Block (2) ist und als ein Körper für einen Regelthermostat (13) wirkt.
  6. Maschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine untere Wanne an der Wanne (3) befestigt ist und als Vorrat für das Schmieröl wirkt.
EP89830550A 1988-12-30 1989-12-19 Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern, insbesondere für Kraftwagen Expired - Lifetime EP0376900B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT68177/88A IT1224051B (it) 1988-12-30 1988-12-30 Motore a combustione interna pluri cilindrico particolarmente per autoveicoli
IT6817788 1988-12-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0376900A1 EP0376900A1 (de) 1990-07-04
EP0376900B1 true EP0376900B1 (de) 1993-07-07

Family

ID=11308349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89830550A Expired - Lifetime EP0376900B1 (de) 1988-12-30 1989-12-19 Brennkraftmaschine mit mehreren Zylindern, insbesondere für Kraftwagen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0376900B1 (de)
BR (1) BR8906870A (de)
DE (1) DE68907474T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2042070T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1224051B (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4033623C1 (de) * 1990-10-23 1992-03-12 Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De
DE19633419C1 (de) * 1996-08-20 1997-11-20 Porsche Ag Zylinderblock einer Brennkraftmaschine
JP2005042653A (ja) * 2003-07-24 2005-02-17 Honda Motor Co Ltd 液冷式エンジン

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR862709A (fr) * 1938-09-10 1941-03-13 Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag Moteur à combustion interne construit en métal léger
GB1040793A (en) * 1964-04-10 1966-09-01 British Aluminium Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to internal combustion engines
AT376018B (de) * 1975-09-04 1984-10-10 List Hans Wassergekuehlte brennkraftmaschine
US4838221A (en) * 1987-01-21 1989-06-13 Mazda Motor Corporation Automotive engine construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT8868177A0 (it) 1988-12-30
BR8906870A (pt) 1990-09-25
DE68907474D1 (de) 1993-08-12
ES2042070T3 (es) 1993-12-01
EP0376900A1 (de) 1990-07-04
DE68907474T2 (de) 1993-10-21
IT1224051B (it) 1990-09-26

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