EP0374055B1 - Elektrischer Zaun mit eingebauter Überwachungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Elektrischer Zaun mit eingebauter Überwachungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0374055B1
EP0374055B1 EP89403507A EP89403507A EP0374055B1 EP 0374055 B1 EP0374055 B1 EP 0374055B1 EP 89403507 A EP89403507 A EP 89403507A EP 89403507 A EP89403507 A EP 89403507A EP 0374055 B1 EP0374055 B1 EP 0374055B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
measurement
value
fence
transformer
supply
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89403507A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0374055A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Jacques Hamm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lacme SA
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Lacme SA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0374055A1 publication Critical patent/EP0374055A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05C—ELECTRIC CIRCUITS OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY DESIGNED FOR USE IN EQUIPMENT FOR KILLING, STUNNING, OR GUIDING LIVING BEINGS
    • H05C3/00—Other circuits or apparatus

Definitions

  • Electric fences are well known for sending pulses of high voltage, at regular intervals, on a conducting wire surrounding or dividing a field where animals graze. It is also known that such electric fences can be used to avoid the intrusion of people into an enclosure.
  • a rudimentary method is to put a hand on the ground and touch the wire with a long grass that absorbs the electric shock.
  • WO-A-82 00 936 describes a system comprising a continuous indication of the state of the fence. This system calculates the values corresponding to several consecutive pulses and makes it possible to follow the average insulation of the fence wire but does not make it possible to detect the relatively random phenomena which one meets when sparks fly, from time to time, along d 'an insulator whose material has degraded, or, when a branch swayed by the wind, causes more or less occasional ignitions.
  • a regular, but low, value of the indication corresponds to many grasses touching the fence wire; the decision to intervene to re-establish the isolation, by weeding all along the wire, is then taken by the user according to the level reached, after a slow descent of the indicator observed during the previous days.
  • An irregular value of the indication corresponds to a localized incident for which it is necessary to determine the precise origin to remedy it.
  • Indicators consisting of a resistance voltage divider, associated with a detector were then proposed whose one end of the resistance point is earthed by a small earth rod while the other end is placed on the electrified wire. The detector associated with the resistance point then makes it possible to assess the voltage remaining on the fence wire.
  • these indicators display a peak value of the repetitive voltage as it depends on the repetitiveness of the contact resistance of the stake with the ground and therefore on the manner in which the stake is driven. This peak voltage value also depends on the peak line voltage value reached for a very short time, on the order of a few microseconds.
  • This value is on the one hand not very repetitive and on the other hand not very representative of the main impulse, usually a few hundred microseconds, the only important one as regards the physiological effects felt by the animals.
  • the present invention seeks to propose an energizer which overcomes the various drawbacks of known devices.
  • the present invention describes an energizer comprising an insulation measurement system integrated into the enclosure of the electric fence and comprising no auxiliary energy source.
  • the energizer described is of the "capacitor discharge” type, but it can also be of the "network alternation injection” type.
  • FIG. 1 A diagram making it possible to better describe the principle of the invention is represented by FIG. 1.
  • the capacitor C is charged by a power supply A connected to a main power source such as the mains, a battery or a battery.
  • the capacitor C is discharged at regular intervals, greater than one second, by means of the switch 1 in the primary of the main transformer T.
  • the role of the transformer T is to raise the voltage of the pulse and to ensure, particularly in the case of a supply by the mains supply, the essential isolation between the energy source and the closing circuit.
  • the displayed value can range from 0 to 99 (or 99.9) and then indicates at any time a sort of percentage of the isolation of the fence.
  • the display can also be done using a bar graph, or a moving needle system; reading is then more intuitive.
  • the measurement module M is supplied by a system of rectifiers D, capacitors C1, C2 ... and resistors R3, R4 ..., all of these components being connected according to a well known rectifier / voltage stabilizer scheme; the assembly then forms a circuit which is connected on the one hand to the "earth" output of the fence, and on the other hand to a point K where an alternating or impulse or direct voltage is generated.
  • the "earth" output of the fence can be connected to one of the terminals of the battery or the battery, and point K to the other terminal of the battery or stack.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 relate to a variant of the present invention in which the degree of insulation of the fence is estimated by a measurement made in the part connected to the primary of the main transformer.
  • a voltage divider bridge is connected, consisting of resistors or possibly capacitors.
  • a voltage proportional to the voltage between P and Q appears between points R and Q. This proportional voltage can also be obtained on an intermediate output provided for this purpose during the winding of the transformer primary, or by an additional winding on the transformer T completely separate from primary and secondary.
  • the solid line curve in Figure 4 represents the voltage h (Vp - Vq) when the electric fence wire is well insulated.
  • the dashed curve in the same figure 4 represents the voltage h (Vp - Vq) when the fence wire is poorly insulated.
  • These two curves are intersected by the straight line - in dotted lines - of the voltage of the Zener Vz diode.
  • t1 is much smaller than t2. Measuring and displaying this duration is therefore a means of informing the user about the state of his electric fence.
  • the measurement of times t1 or t2 can advantageously be done by opening an electronic door when Vm - [h (Vp - Vq) - Vz] becomes positive and by closing this door when Vm goes back to zero; the door is then kept closed for a time of the order of 0.3 to 0.5 seconds so as not to take account of any rebounds of the signal.
  • the measurement and display of the door opening time are then an indication of the degree of insulation of the electric fence wire.
  • the advantage of this measurement carried out in the primary circuit of the transformer is that the measuring block and the display, which are completely separated from the secondary circuit by the insulating barrier existing between the primary and the secondary of the transformer T, can be supplied by a conventional circuit of diodes, resistors and capacitors, itself connected directly to the AC supply.
  • Another method of estimating the insulation of an electric fence is to measure the peak current flowing through it.
  • the primary of the transformer T during the pulse this peak current can be analyzed either by measuring the voltage it gives rise to across a low value resistor Rs, connected in series with the primary of T ( Figure 5), or by measuring the voltage appearing at the terminals of the secondary of a small T3 annex transformer whose primary, of low inductance, is crossed by the current of the main discharge (figure 6).
  • the measurement and display part of the signal characteristic of the insulation of the fence wire is supplied by a circuit connected to the terminals of the AC network without the security be questioned.

Claims (13)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Versorgung von Elektrozäunen, die zum Einpferchen von Vieh oder zur Vermeidung des Eindringens von Menschen in eine Umzäunung bestimmt sind, bestehend aus einem Gehäuse, das mit einer Hauptbetriebsstromversorgung verbunden ist, die Hochspannungspulse erzeugt, die mehr als eine Sekunde auseinander liegen, und das einen Isolationsprüfer für die Leitung des Elektrozäuns enthält, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse dein Meßsystem enthält, das die Digitalisierung einer elektrischen Kenngröße vornimmt, und daß der isolationsprüfer aus einem digitalen Anzeigegerät oder einem Anzeigegerät mit Balkendiagrammdarstellung besteht, das den Isolationsgrad bei jedem Puls anzeigt, wobei das Gesamtsystem nur Energie verbraucht, die direkt oder indirekt durch besagte Hauptversorgung und nicht durch eine Hilfsversorgungsquelle geliefert wird.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Steuerkreis des Anzeigegerätes einen Kennwert für den Entladepuls mißt und diesen digitalisiert, nachdem er eine schnelle Integration über der Zeit vorgenommen hat, um Spitzen oder Oszillationen auszuschließen, deren zu kurze Dauer sie in physiologischer Hinsicht nicht bedeutsam macht.
  3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System zur Messung der Isolation des Zauns den Spitzenwert einer elektrischen Größe der Entladung mißt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System zur Messung der Isolation des Zauns die Zeitdauer mißt, während der ein elektrischer Wert der Entladung oberhalb eines bestimmten, festgelegten Wertes bleibt.
  5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dauer des elektrischen Wertes nur während der ersten Oszillation der Entladung gemessen wird.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung über eine Teilerbrücke vorgenommen wird, die mit den Klemmen des Elektrozauns verbunden ist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung an den Klemmen einer Hilfswicklung vorgenommen wird, die auf den Haupttransformator aufgewickelt ist.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung an den Klemmen der Sekundärwicklung eines Meßtransformators vorgenommen wird, dessen Primärwicklung eine geringe Selbstinduktivität aufweist und in Reihe mit der Primärwicklung des Haupttransformators geschaltet ist.
  9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung an den Klemmen eines Widerstandes mit geringem Wert vorgenommen wird, der in Reihe mit der Primärwicklung des Haupttransformators geschaltet ist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Messung am mittleren Anschluß einer Teilerbrücke vorgenommen wird, die Widerstände und/oder Kondensatoren enthält und parallel zur Primärkwicklung des Haupttransformators geschaltet ist.
  11. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Versorgung des Verarbeitungs- und Anzeigesystems durch einem Teil der Sekundärwicklung geliefert wird, der einen kleinen Anteil der Energie des Entladungspulses wiedergewinnt und diesen einem Stromversorgungskreis Gleichrichter-Stabilisator zuführt, der galvanisch von der Primärwicklung des Haupttransformators entkoppelt ist.
  12. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Meß- und Anzeigesystem durch einen Abspanntransformator, der an das Netz angeschlossen ist, versorgt werden kann, sofern es sich um Elektrogeräte handelt, die mit einem Wechselstromverteilernetz verbunden sind.
  13. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß des Meß- und Anzeigesystem direkt durch die Hauptversorgung versorgt werden kann, sofern es sich um Elektrogeräte handelt, die an einen Akkumulator oder ein galvanisches Element angeschlossen sind.
EP89403507A 1988-12-16 1989-12-15 Elektrischer Zaun mit eingebauter Überwachungsvorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0374055B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89403507T ATE103459T1 (de) 1988-12-16 1989-12-15 Elektrischer zaun mit eingebauter ueberwachungsvorrichtung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8816958 1988-12-16
FR8816958A FR2640845B1 (fr) 1988-12-16 1988-12-16 Cloture electrique a controleur incorpore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0374055A1 EP0374055A1 (de) 1990-06-20
EP0374055B1 true EP0374055B1 (de) 1994-03-23

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EP89403507A Expired - Lifetime EP0374055B1 (de) 1988-12-16 1989-12-15 Elektrischer Zaun mit eingebauter Überwachungsvorrichtung

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EP (1) EP0374055B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE103459T1 (de)
DE (1) DE68914116T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2640845B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NZ240641A (en) * 1991-11-18 1995-07-26 Gallagher Group Limited Former Electric fence energiser: storage capacitor charge controlled in response to sensed load
DE4140628C2 (de) * 1991-12-10 1996-08-22 Ako Ismet Elektrogeraete Gmbh Weidezaungerät
FR2711885B1 (fr) * 1993-10-27 1996-02-09 Valery Hamm Dispositif d'alimentation et de surveillance d'une clôture électrique.
DE19953460B4 (de) * 1999-11-05 2008-04-10 Ako-Agrartechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektro-Weidezaungerät
FR2817443B1 (fr) * 2000-11-30 2003-02-21 Lacme Dispositif de controle de l'efficacite d'une cloture electrique
FR2966007B1 (fr) * 2010-10-12 2012-10-12 Lacme Holding Electrificateur de cloture electrique a affichage numerique

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4523187A (en) * 1980-08-29 1985-06-11 Norman W. Hutchinson & Sons Pty. Ltd. Alarm system for electric fences
FR2566916B1 (fr) * 1984-06-28 1986-08-08 Santerne Sa Procede de detection des defauts d'isolement d'au moins un fil d'une installation qui en fait application
US4725825A (en) * 1986-03-17 1988-02-16 Amco Partnership Electric fence voltage indicator light

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68914116T2 (de) 1994-11-17
ATE103459T1 (de) 1994-04-15
FR2640845B1 (fr) 1996-09-27
EP0374055A1 (de) 1990-06-20
FR2640845A1 (fr) 1990-06-22
DE68914116D1 (de) 1994-04-28

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