EP0373236B1 - Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0373236B1
EP0373236B1 EP19880120818 EP88120818A EP0373236B1 EP 0373236 B1 EP0373236 B1 EP 0373236B1 EP 19880120818 EP19880120818 EP 19880120818 EP 88120818 A EP88120818 A EP 88120818A EP 0373236 B1 EP0373236 B1 EP 0373236B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
coal
parts
additives
briquettes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880120818
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0373236A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Emmerichs
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP19880120818 priority Critical patent/EP0373236B1/fr
Priority to DE88120818T priority patent/DE3884807D1/de
Publication of EP0373236A1 publication Critical patent/EP0373236A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0373236B1 publication Critical patent/EP0373236B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to environmentally friendly coal briquettes. It particularly concerns environmentally friendly coal briquettes, in which pollutant emissions are significantly reduced and ash that can be deposited is obtained.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such environmentally friendly coal briquettes.
  • the combustion gases contain the particularly harmful SO2 and chlorine, as well as nitrous gases.
  • the combustion gases released into the atmosphere are distributed in the atmosphere and are absorbed there by rain and can then return to the earth's surface as so-called "acid rain”.
  • DE-PS 33 30 843 describes a method for reducing pollutant emissions during the operation of combustion devices, in which certain additives are added to the combustion material in the combustion system and these additives are then also burned in the combustion chamber at high temperatures.
  • the object of the invention is to provide briquettes based on lignite or hard coal, which enable environmentally friendly combustion, in which the exhaust gases are largely or completely free of SO2, chlorine and nitrous gases, and in which also the ashes contain the pollutants so that the ashes can be deposited and do not contribute to soil and groundwater pollution.
  • Briquetting hard coal for its use e.g. in the domestic fire sector, is well known.
  • the washed fine coal is first dried and brought to a low residual water content and is briquetted together with the dust accumulated during the screening.
  • Coarse grain is crushed beforehand.
  • the grain size for the production of egg briquettes is approximately 6 mm and that of nut briquettes is approximately 3 mm.
  • With lignite the dried, fine coal with a size of up to 3 mm and at a pressure of about 1000 bar is pressed together.
  • about 5 to 7.5% by mass of binder, such as pitch, is usually added when briquetting.
  • binders are not required in the briquettes according to the invention because the additives already serve as binders, in particular the additives of component (b).
  • Starting products for the production of the briquettes according to the invention can also be coal slurries with a high water content. Such coal slurries fall for example when washing the coal or when finely grinding coal in pipelines for easier transport and suspending it in water. According to the invention, such hydrous coal products are suitable for processing into briquettes. In all cases, the amounts of additives relate to the dry content in the finished briquette.
  • the ratio of component (a) to component (b) can be 30:70 to 70:30.
  • Components (a) and (b) are added to the coal grains to be briquetted in amounts which are between 3 and 12 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the dry coal.
  • the ratio is preferably 4 to 12 parts by weight of additives per 100 parts by weight of dry coal base.
  • the aggregate (a) is a special lime T from the chemical industry.
  • This special lime essentially contains calcium carbonate (about 85%) and 9 to 11% hexagonal carbon.
  • Such a special lime containing graphite and lime falls e.g. in the production of lime nitrogen in large quantities and previously had to be thrown into the dump.
  • the hexagonal carbon contained in lime prevents a momentary flame reaction on the combustion surface.
  • the glow effect achieved by the hexagonal carbon partially increases the affinity of the pollutants.
  • the residue products from the sugar industry can be used individually or in combination.
  • Component (ii) increases the crystallization of the slag and the inclusion of solid pollutants.
  • Component (iii) which contains up to approx. 80% by weight of lime components that bind pollutants, also contributes to combustion.
  • Components (i), (ii) and (iii) are preferably present in a weight ratio of approximately 4: 4: 92. Of course, further changes are possible within these areas, depending on the composition of the coal.
  • the amounts of the aggregates must be based on the dry weight of the coal, i.e. after subtracting the moisture, calculate.
  • This briquetting mixture is processed with the addition of superheated steam in kneaders into a plastic mass and pressed in a roller press into nut briquettes with a weight of 18 to 24 g.
  • the measured values refer to normal cubic meters.
  • Rhenish brown coal which is intended for briquetting, is usually obtained as a dried, fine coal grain with a size of up to 3 mm. Conventionally, this coal grain is pressed into long-form briquettes at a pressure of approximately 1000 bar. According to the invention, 100 kg of the fine coal grain with a size of up to 3 mm are added: 2.5 kg special lime T 0.1 kg syrup-like molasses 0.5 kg solid substance from beet cleaning 1.9 kg of carbo sludge from sugar production.
  • This mixture is pressed into long-form briquettes under a pressure of 1000 bar.
  • Example 2 an ash is obtained in which the pollutants are incorporated in such a way that the ash can be deposited.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Briquette de charbon de terre ou de lignite, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient pour 100 parties en poids d'une masse de base de charbon à grains fins, sèche,
    au total 3 à 12 % en poids
    (a) d'une chaux spéciale T contenant du carbonate de calcium et du carbone hexagonal, et
    (b) des résidus de l'industrie sucrière choisis parmi
    (i) une mélasse sirupeuse,
    (ii) la substance solide provenant du nettoyage des betteraves, et
    (iii) une boue carbonée de la fabrication du sucre.
  2. Briquette selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient, pour 100 parties en poids de la masse de base de charbon à grains fins, sèche, 4 à 8 parties en poids des constituants (a) et (b).
  3. Briquette selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rapport du constituant (a) au constituant (b) est de 30:70 à 70:30 (en poids).
  4. Briquette selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les constituant (i), (ii) et (iii) sont présents dans un rapport pondéral d'environ 4:4:92.
  5. Briquette selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la masse de base de charbon sèche a une taille de particules comprise entre 0,1 et 8 mm.
  6. Procédé de fabrication de briquettes selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'on ajoute à 100 parties en poids de la masse de charbon sèche, particulaire, 3 à 12 parties en poids d'additifs, à savoir :
    (a) une chaux spéciale T contenant du carbonate de calcium et du carbone hexagonal, et
    (b) des résidus de l'industrie sucrière choisis parmi
    (i) une mélasse sirupeuse,
    (ii) la substance solide provenant du nettoyage des betteraves, et
    (iii) une boue carbonée de la fabrication du sucre.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on ajoute à 100 parties en poids de la masse de charbon sèche particulaire, 4 à 8 parties en poids des additifs (a) et (b).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le rapport du constituant (a) au constituant (b) est de 30:70 à 70:30 (en poids).
  9. Procédé selon les revendications 6, 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que les constituants (i), (ii) et (iii) sont présents dans un rapport pondéral d'environ 4:4:92.
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme masse de base de charbon un charbon en suspension aqueuse.
EP19880120818 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0373236B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19880120818 EP0373236B1 (fr) 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication
DE88120818T DE3884807D1 (de) 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Umweltfreundliche Kohlebriketts und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19880120818 EP0373236B1 (fr) 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0373236A1 EP0373236A1 (fr) 1990-06-20
EP0373236B1 true EP0373236B1 (fr) 1993-10-06

Family

ID=8199652

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880120818 Expired - Lifetime EP0373236B1 (fr) 1988-12-13 1988-12-13 Briquette de charbon non polluant et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0373236B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3884807D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0498911T3 (da) * 1991-02-14 1995-04-24 Emmerichs Gerhard Affaldsbriketter og fremgangsmåde til deres fremstilling
CN103289771A (zh) * 2013-06-28 2013-09-11 冯恩福 绿聚燃料的制备方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3330843C1 (de) * 1983-08-26 1985-03-21 Gerhard Dipl-Ing Emmerichs Verfahren zum Vermindern der Schadstoffemissionen beim Betrieb von Verbrennungseinrichtungen
DE3530276A1 (de) * 1985-08-24 1987-02-26 Hoelter Heinz Umweltfreundlicher brennstoff

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0373236A1 (fr) 1990-06-20
DE3884807D1 (de) 1993-11-11

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