EP0369144B1 - Pompe centrifuge pour le refoulement de fontes, notamment de fontes d'explosifs - Google Patents

Pompe centrifuge pour le refoulement de fontes, notamment de fontes d'explosifs Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0369144B1
EP0369144B1 EP89118161A EP89118161A EP0369144B1 EP 0369144 B1 EP0369144 B1 EP 0369144B1 EP 89118161 A EP89118161 A EP 89118161A EP 89118161 A EP89118161 A EP 89118161A EP 0369144 B1 EP0369144 B1 EP 0369144B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pump
impeller
centrifugal pump
explosive
molten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89118161A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0369144A2 (fr
EP0369144A3 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Korthäuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Josef Meissner GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Josef Meissner GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Josef Meissner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Josef Meissner GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT89118161T priority Critical patent/ATE97468T1/de
Publication of EP0369144A2 publication Critical patent/EP0369144A2/fr
Publication of EP0369144A3 publication Critical patent/EP0369144A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0369144B1 publication Critical patent/EP0369144B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/005—By a process involving melting at least part of the ingredients
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/22—Rotors specially for centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/2238—Special flow patterns
    • F04D29/2244—Free vortex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/586—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/588—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for liquid pumps cooling or heating the machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
    • F04D7/04—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type the fluids being viscous or non-homogenous

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifugal pump for the conveyance of explosive melts, in particular those with a high solid content of non-meltable high-energy explosives.
  • the invention makes it its task to simplify and reduce the cost of producing cast explosive charges for artillery ammunition, rocket warheads, mines, bombs, etc. from high-quality explosive melts with a high proportion of non-meltable, high-energy explosives, such as, for example, hexogen and octogen.
  • the centrifugal pump according to the invention With a free-flow impeller known per se, but with its open delivery blades pointing upwards and arranged outside the flow, which forms a lateral annular gap with the pump housing and a free space located below the impeller, which extends from below to above obliquely radially outward impeller bores are connected to the delivery space or the impeller blade spaces, a gentle conveying of the melt is advantageously ensured, while at the same time ensuring that neither the grain size of the solid particles in the melt is changed by shear forces nor the grain distribution in the melt .
  • annular gap in connection with the impeller bores ensures that an annular vortex-shaped flow of the melt occurs over the entire circumference of the impeller, which ensures that the free space underneath the impeller is flowed through uniformly and constantly so strongly that no sedimentation of solid particles can be done.
  • the constant strong flow through the annular gap between the free-flow impeller and the pump housing moreover advantageously ensures hydrodynamic centering of the impeller and pump shaft.
  • the annular gap and the impeller bores are of course always dimensioned so that the largest solid particles present in the melt can pass unhindered.
  • the process steps can be shifted to a few or even to a single level, which results has that only correspondingly lower buildings and protective walls are required, so that the effort for buildings and protective walls is considerably reduced and at the same time the accessibility of the individual parts of the entire system is improved.
  • the vertically arranged pump shaft 1 is rotatably mounted in the bearing housing 2 in a known manner in the roller bearings 2a and is fixed in the axial direction.
  • the drive takes place in a manner known per se via the clutch 3 through the motor 4, which are preferably designed as an elastic coupling and a speed-adjustable hydrostatic axial piston motor.
  • the free-flow impeller 5 is attached to the lower end of the pump shaft 1. If the centrifugal pump is used to convey explosive melts, the impeller 5 is welded to the shaft 1 in accordance with the relevant regulations, since components which run in explosive or explosive melts must not have any detachable connections.
  • the impeller 5 is provided with the open conveyor blades 5a pointing upwards. According to FIG. 3, eight conveyor blades are provided, but a different number of blades could of course also be implemented.
  • the guide tube 6 which is designed as a heated double-walled tube and is closed by means of the rings 22 and 23 at the upper and lower ends, is connected by means of screw connections. Connections for the supply and return of the heating medium, for example hot water, are provided in the upper closure plate 22, but these are not to be described in more detail here. Of course, suitable means known per se ensure that the heating medium is always at the desired and required temperature.
  • the guide tube 6 At its lower end is the guide tube 6 with the guide ring 7 and immediately Above this with the openings 8 for the supply of the medium into the delivery chamber 9 located above the impeller 5.
  • the pump housing 10 is designed in the usual way as a spiral housing, but it could also have a circular shape, especially if you can be satisfied with a lower efficiency of the centrifugal pump and / or if you want to promote melt with relatively coarse solid particles.
  • the pump housing 10 is connected to the completely heated double-walled pump bowl 11, preferably welded.
  • the cylindrical shape of the pump bowl 11 shown is chosen only for the sake of the simplified schematic representation, of course the pump bowl 11 can be designed differently in many ways and in particular have the shapes well known in boilers.
  • the known and customary media, in particular hot water, are again suitable as heating medium for the pump pot 11.
  • known and customary devices (not shown) ensure that the desired or required operating temperature is maintained as precisely as possible by means of a correspondingly regulated inlet and outlet, that is to say a correspondingly controlled passage of the medium.
  • the guide tube 6 with bearing housing 2 and built-in pump shaft 1 with free-flow impeller 5 are inserted into the pump bowl 11 from above and connected to it by screwing, the pump shaft 1 being passed through the cover and closure plate 27 with play while leaving the annular gap 26.
  • the entire device, completed by the coupling 3 and the drive motor 4, is supported in a position which is not shown but is known and customary by means of suitable frame components and is held in position.
  • the inlet connection 12 with the shut-off valve 12a through the pump bowl 11 is for the inlet of the pumped medium and for the outlet of the pumped medium from the pump immediately above the impeller 5, which in turn is through the pump bowl 11 pressure pipe 13 passed therethrough with a flanged drain line 13a.
  • the space 16 formed underneath the disk-shaped part 5b of the impeller 5 between the impeller 5 and the pump housing 10 is via the annular gap 17 between the impeller 5 and the pump housing 10 and the bores 18 in the impeller part 5b with the delivery chamber 9 which are directed radially outwards from bottom to top Pump connected.
  • the width of the annular gap 17 and the clear overall cross-section of the bores 18 arranged centrally between the conveying blades 5a according to FIG. 3 are coordinated with one another and the direction of the bores 18 is also selected such that there is one on the entire circumference of the impeller 5 during operation uniform and strong annular flow in the bores 18 from bottom to top and in the annular gap 17 from top to bottom, which prevents sedimentation of solid particles in the melt.
  • the flow through the annular gap 17 between the impeller 5 and the adjacent in the Pump housing 10 arranged guide ring 19 also ensures hydrodynamic centering of impeller 5 and pump shaft 1.
  • the overall cross section of the impeller bores is advantageously made at least the same size as the cross section of the annular gap between the impeller and the pump housing in order to influence the formation of the annular vortex-shaped flow of the delivery medium in a suitable manner.
  • the conveying of pumped medium through the impeller bores can also be influenced in that the inclination of the axes of the impeller bores with respect to the pump shaft axis is selected to be relatively large, so that the entry into the bores on the underside of the impeller and the exit from the bores on the top of the impeller are more or less are less far apart.
  • the delivery rate through the bores can be changed within certain limits, on the other hand, this enables the cross-section of the individual impeller bores to be influenced to a corresponding extent without thereby impairing the formation of the desired and required annular vortex flow of the delivery medium.
  • impeller bores i.e.
  • the decisive factor is not the number of impeller bores, but their total cross-section, taking into account their direction.
  • each with an impeller bore arranged centrally between adjacent impeller blades the same overall cross section of the bores could also be realized by a different number of impeller bores.
  • the closure cover 20 is arranged, which carries the heated membrane shut-off valve 21 centrally, which allows total emptying of the pump at a standstill, as may be required if a longer interruption of the delivery or a product change is to take place.
  • the product space is connected via the nozzle 14 to a suction and exhaust gas cleaning device, not shown, for example an explosive -Melting and casting plant, connected.
  • a suction and exhaust gas cleaning device not shown, for example an explosive -Melting and casting plant.
  • the resultant negative pressure ensures that the passage of the pump shaft 1 is constantly ventilated through the annular gap 26 and thus no toxic gases or vapors can escape through the annular gap 26 into the environment.
  • This negative pressure also causes a safe discharge of the gases released as a result of the formation of the pump with the supply of the medium to the impeller 5 from above and the formation of the impeller 5 with upwardly open delivery blades 5a, which automatically or automatically causes degassing of the medium.
  • the connector 14 is used here at the same time as a return for the heating medium supplied to the pump bowl 11 via the connector 25 at its lower end due to the double-walled design in connection with the connector 24.
  • the connector 14 is used here at the same time as a return for the heating medium supplied to the pump bowl 11 via the connector 25 at its lower end due to the double-walled design in connection with the connector 24.
  • other suitable constructive solutions are also possible.
  • the delivery line 13a is connected to the product space 28 via the return pipe 15 with shut-off device 15a. This makes it possible, in the event of a brief interruption in the delivery, to first close the inlet fitting 12a to the pump bowl 11 and then, when the delivery medium in the pump bowl 11 has reached a minimum level, to connect the delivery line 13a and the return pipe 15 to be opened by means of the shut-off device 15a. As a result, the contents of the delivery line 13a are subsequently emptied into the pump bowl 11 or the product space 28 and circulated there further, thereby reliably preventing line clogging and sedimentation of solid particles in the delivery medium. The then empty transport line also prevents an explosion transmission in the event of an event.
  • this can be done automatically in connection with a level control, not shown, in the pump bowl by a signal given by the latter, for example, if a predetermined minimum fill level is undershot, by first closing the inlet fitting 12a and then the Opening the return valve 15 is effected. The opposite can also take place if the predetermined minimum fill level in the pump bowl 11 is reached or exceeded again.
  • the pump can only be started when a predetermined minimum fill level is present.
  • Corresponding signals can also be automatically processed here in a known manner and with known means.
  • a centrifugal pump described above and which can be modified in many ways can, in particular, between individual, several or even all process steps in the production of cast loads be provided from explosive melts.
  • the inlet connection 12 with shut-off valve 12a can be connected to a melting tank (not shown) and the delivery line 13a can be connected to the subsequent mixing tank, also not shown, and / or, for example, to a conditioning tank, again not shown, and a subsequent boiler, likewise not shown, for keeping the melt ready for casting be, wherein the centrifugal pump or centrifugal pumps are operated in the manner required in each case.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Pompe centrifuge, caractérisée par le fait que, pour le refoulement de masses fondues présentant une teneur élevée en matière solide, en particulier de masses fondues de matières explosives, à base de trinitrotoluène présentant une fraction élevée en matière explosive solide de haute énergie, non fusible, comme, par exemple, l'hexogène et l'octogène,
    (a) l'arbre de pompe (1), monté à rotation par son extrémité supérieure et non déplaçable axialement est disposé verticalement, et
    (b) est doté, à son extrémité inférieure, d'une roue de refoulement (5), non engorgeable, reliée avec lui de façon solide, présentant des aubes (5a) ouvertes vers le haut, roue de refoulement qui
    (c) forme avec le corps de pompe (10) l'entourant latéralement, un passage annulaire (17) et, avec un couvercle d'obturation (20) du corps de pompe, démontable, un espace libre frontal (16), qui
    (d) est en liaison, par l'intermédiaire de plusieurs trous (18) formés dans la roue de refoulement (5), de préférence disposés en étant régulièrement répartis à la périphérie, orientés vers l'extérieur obliquement du bas vers le haut, avec l'espace de refoulement (9) se trouvant au-dessus de la roue de refoulement (5), espace de refoulement qui est doté d'un conduit d'admission (12), équipé d'un organe d'arrêt (12a) et disposé au-dessus de la roue de refoulement (5), ainsi que d'un conduit de décharge (13a), et que
    (e) tout l'espace de pompe traversé par le milieu refoulé est chauffé.
  2. Pompe centrifuge selon la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la section d'ensemble des trous (18) dans la roue de refoulement (5) est au moins de la même grandeur que, de préférence supérieure à, la section du passage annulaire (17) entre la roue de refoulement (5) et le corps de pompe (10).
  3. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée par le fait que le couvercle d'obturation (20) du corps de pompe est doté d'une soupape d'arrêt (21) chauffée.
  4. Pompe centrifuge selon la revendication 3, caractérisée par le fait que la soupape d'arrêt (21) est réalisée sous la forme d'une soupape d'arrêt à diaphragme.
  5. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4, caractérisée par le fait que la soupape d'arrêt (21) est disposée de façon centrale dans le couvercle d'obturation (20) du corps de pompe.
  6. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée par le fait que le chauffage de l'espace de pompe est réalisé sous la forme d'un chauffage par de l'eau chaude.
  7. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée par le fait que le corps de pompe (10) est réalisé sous la forme d'un pot de pompe (11), chauffé, contenant le milieu refoulé, entourant la partie inférieure de l'arbre de pompe avec la roue de refoulement (5).
  8. Pompe centrifuge selon la revendication 7, caractérisée par le fait que le pot de pompe (11) est fermé à son extrémité supérieure par un couvercle (27) entourant l'arbre de pompe (1) sans étanchéité.
  9. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisée par le fait que le pot de pompe (11) est en liaison, dans la région de son extrémité supérieure, au moyen d'un conduit de recyclage (15) doté d'un dispositif d'arrêt (15a), avec le conduit de décharge (13a).
  10. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée par le fait que le pot de pompe (11) est relié, dans la région de son extrémité supérieure, au moyen d'un conduit (14), avec un dispositif d'aspiration et d'épuration des gaz d'échappement.
  11. Pompe centrifuge selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisée par le fait que le pot de pompe (11) est doté d'un dispositif de nivelage, de mesure et de réglage.
  12. Utilisation d'une pompe centrifuge telle que définie à l'une des revendications 1 à 11 pour le refoulement de la masse en fusion de matières explosives entre une ou plusieurs des étapes de procédé de la fusion de la matière explosive, du mélange de la masse en fusion de la matière explosive avec une matière explosive solide non fusible, du conditionnement du mélange des matières explosives, de la préparation du mélange des matières explosives pour la coulée, et de la coulée de charges explosives pour des munitions d'artillerie, des têtes de combat de roquettes, des mines, des bombes, ou similaires.
EP89118161A 1988-11-18 1989-09-30 Pompe centrifuge pour le refoulement de fontes, notamment de fontes d'explosifs Expired - Lifetime EP0369144B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89118161T ATE97468T1 (de) 1988-11-18 1989-09-30 Kreiselpumpe fuer die foerderung von schmelzen, insbesondere sprengstoff-schmelzen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3839024 1988-11-18
DE3839024A DE3839024A1 (de) 1988-11-18 1988-11-18 Kreiselpumpe fuer die foerderung von schmelzen, insbesondere sprengstoff-schmelzen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0369144A2 EP0369144A2 (fr) 1990-05-23
EP0369144A3 EP0369144A3 (fr) 1991-01-16
EP0369144B1 true EP0369144B1 (fr) 1993-11-18

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ID=6367422

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89118161A Expired - Lifetime EP0369144B1 (fr) 1988-11-18 1989-09-30 Pompe centrifuge pour le refoulement de fontes, notamment de fontes d'explosifs

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0369144B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE97468T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3839024A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003052274A1 (fr) * 2001-12-16 2003-06-26 Leutert, Herbert Procede et dispositif de transport de materiaux de construction coulants
EP1327780B1 (fr) * 2001-12-16 2006-03-01 Leutert, Herbert Méthode de pompage pour matériaux de construction liquéfiés
NO327547B1 (no) * 2007-12-05 2009-08-10 Engervik Technology As System og fremgangsmate for lossing av et fluid
CN107503947A (zh) * 2017-09-13 2017-12-22 中广核研究院有限公司 液态金属输送用机械泵
CN109456136A (zh) * 2018-11-09 2019-03-12 麻城凯龙科技化工有限公司 一种改性铵油炸药油相加注装置及方法
EP4081281A1 (fr) * 2019-12-23 2022-11-02 Acist Medical Systems, Inc. Système de distribution multi-fluide

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB695434A (en) * 1951-02-03 1953-08-12 Sulzer Ag Multi-stage pumps
US2858768A (en) * 1954-08-12 1958-11-04 Union Carbide Corp Corrosion resistant pump
DE1528896A1 (de) * 1963-07-29 1969-07-17 Albert Ziegler Schlauch U Feue Kreiselpumpe
SU1139892A1 (ru) * 1983-12-16 1985-02-15 Сумский Филиал Харьковского Ордена Ленина Политехнического Института Им.В.И.Ленина Свободновихревой насос

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3839024A1 (de) 1990-05-23
ATE97468T1 (de) 1993-12-15
DE58906209D1 (de) 1993-12-23
EP0369144A2 (fr) 1990-05-23
EP0369144A3 (fr) 1991-01-16

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