EP0366295B1 - Staubsauger - Google Patents

Staubsauger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0366295B1
EP0366295B1 EP19890310295 EP89310295A EP0366295B1 EP 0366295 B1 EP0366295 B1 EP 0366295B1 EP 19890310295 EP19890310295 EP 19890310295 EP 89310295 A EP89310295 A EP 89310295A EP 0366295 B1 EP0366295 B1 EP 0366295B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
cleaner
diffuser
suction
air flow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19890310295
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0366295A1 (de
Inventor
Patrick Loew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoover Ltd
Original Assignee
Hoover Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoover Ltd filed Critical Hoover Ltd
Publication of EP0366295A1 publication Critical patent/EP0366295A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0366295B1 publication Critical patent/EP0366295B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2894—Details related to signal transmission in suction cleaners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/19—Means for monitoring filtering operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/2821—Pressure, vacuum level or airflow
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2836—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
    • A47L9/2842—Suction motors or blowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2857—User input or output elements for control, e.g. buttons, switches or displays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to suction cleaners, and particularly though not exclusively to a "clean air” cleaner having means for measuring the pressure and/or air flow within the cleaner and means for indicating to the user when the hose (or nozzle) is blocked.
  • a "dust bag full” indication may also be provided, and/or an indication of how full the bag is.
  • a "clean air” cleaner is a cleaner in which the fan is positioned after the dust bag, in the direction of air flow, so that dust entrained in the incoming air is trapped within the bag and does not pass through the fan.
  • a secondary filter positioned between the bag and the fan, is provided to catch particles of dust which are too small to be caught by the bag.
  • an exhaust microfilter positioned after the fan, whose purpose is to prevent extremely small particles (for example pollen) from being expelled in the cleaner exhaust.
  • suction cleaners have the capability of being operated at a number of different power levels, so that the user can select an optimal suction level for the particular job in hand.
  • a difficulty with the cut out arrangement described above, when incorporated into a cleaner of this type, is that the point at which the cut out will operate for a given blockage depends critically on the power level that is being used. Thus, the point at which the cleaner cuts out is likely to appear rather arbitrary to the user.
  • It is another object to provide a suction cleaner for example a "clean air” cleaner
  • a suction cleaner for example a "clean air” cleaner
  • means for detecting a blockage within the cleaner by the measurement of air flow and/or pressure with allowance being made for the fact that the measured values of air flow and/or pressure will depend upon the power level at which the cleaner is operating.
  • the chamber of a vacuum cleaner where the electric motor is housed includes a detector tube downstream of the motor fan.
  • the detector tube is used in providing motor speed feedback. A signal lamp lights and the motor stops when the filter bag is clogged.
  • a vacuum cleaner includes a flapper plate which acts against a spring for actuating an indicator in dependence upon detected pressure.
  • the detecting means may comprise a pressure sensor connected to a tube which opens at a pressure tap aperture on the upstream side of the diffuser.
  • the pressure sensor can be a multi-contact pressure switch.
  • the fan diffuser typically consists of an annular surface, which may be in the form of a truncated cone, outstanding from which are the plurality of angled, preferably curved vanes which convert the generally circular airflow, as it leaves the fan, into the substantially radial airflow.
  • the pressure tap aperture may be in this surface, preferably between two adjacent vanes, the inward ends of which are joined to form a cul-de-sac. It has been found, by experimentation, that with such an arrangement the pressure, measured at the aperture, depends both upon the static pressure and the velocity pressure; accordingly, the output of the pressure detector gives an indication of the airflow through the cleaner.
  • Automatic allowance for the increased back pressure due to clogging of the exhaust filter may be compensated for by measuring not the absolute pressure at the upstream side of the diffuser, but rather the differential pressure between there and a point inside the body of the cleaner upstream of the exhaust filter. Thus, variations of static pressure within the cleaner will not distort the flow reading.
  • the suction cleaner is of variable power and as preferable features includes means for selecting a motor power level, means for producing a signal representative of the detected pressure or air flow, control means arranged to compare the said signal with a stored value representative of a limit value and dependent upon the selected power level, and arranged either to activate an indicating means if the detected value exceeds the limit value or if the detected value is less than the limit value.
  • the means for selecting the motor power level may be switchable between selected discrete power levels, and in this case the stored values may also be discrete, for example in the form of a table stored within a microprocessor.
  • the means for detecting pressure of air flow may then comprise a multi-contact pressure switch, with the closing of the various contacts being assigned to specific stored values within the microprocessor dependent upon the motor power level.
  • the said signal is a digital representation (produced via an a/d converter) of the detected pressure or air flow value.
  • Additional discrimination between various conditions can be obtained by the use of two separate detecting means, with one arranged to detect the pressure at an input of the cleaner, for example adjacent the entrance to a dust bag, in addition to the one at the diffuser.
  • the use of two separate detectors enables one to distinguish between "bag full” and "hose blocked” conditions.
  • the stored values for the respective detecting means may be dependent, in each case, upon the selected power level; alternatively, only one of the stored limit values may be so dependent, and the other simply fixed.
  • the indicating means is conveniently a digital LED display, although it would also be possible to use simply lights and/or an audible warning. Alternatively, a synthesised voice message could be used.
  • the indicating means may also be arranged to provide an indication of approximately how full the bag is and/or how blocked the filter is. Means may also be provided to cut power to the motor in the event that a "bag full” or "hose blocked” condition is determined.
  • the cleaner has an automatic mode, in which the power level is automatically adjusted to hold the suction level substantially constant regardless of the nature of the surface being cleaned. This may be done in dependence upon the pressure (or suction) measured by a pressure switch at the input side of the cleaner, for example adjacent the nozzle or the opening to the bag.
  • the microprocessor may include timing means arranged to delay actuation of the indicating means for a fixed period after a "hose blocked" condition has been determined.
  • means could be provided for inhibiting the indicating means when the automatic mode is selected, or for automatically and periodically inhibiting the automatic mode so that "bag full” and "hose blocked” conditions can be spotted.
  • the cleaner can be arranged to determine the bag fullness at only a single, predetermined, power level.
  • a "bag check" button is provided, the actuation of which causes the cleaner to operate at a predetermined power level.
  • the measure of bag fullness can then be determined from the rate of air flow through the cleaner (eg at the diffuser), with the appropriate value being displayed on the indicating means.
  • the button When the button is released, the cleaner may revert to normal operation.
  • the cleaner of the present invention is preferably a "clean air” cleaner, in which the air being sucked in is passed through the dust bag and a secondary filter before it reaches the fan.
  • FIG. 1 A typical suction cleaner embodying the present invention is shown schematically in Figure 1. It will be appreciated, of course, that the principle of this invention can be applied equally well to upright suction cleaners.
  • the cleaner of Figure 1 comprises an external housing 10 which is divided by an intermediate wall 12 into a front bag chamber 14 and a rear, "clean air" chamber 16. Mounted in an aperture in the intermediate wall 12 there is a secondary filter 18. Immediately behind this, in the rear chamber, there is a two stage centrifugal fan 20 followed by a diffuser 22 and a motor 24. The fan, diffuser and motor are all contained within a generally cylindrical housing 26 which opens, at its end, into the "clean air” chamber 16.
  • the "clean air” chamber 16 has an exhaust opening 28, air passing through this opening being filtered by an exhaust microfilter 30.
  • a dust filter bag 32 Within the front bag chamber 14 there is a dust filter bag 32, fed by a flexible hose or suction tube 34 which passes through an inlet opening in the housing 10. At the far end of the hose 34 is a suction nozzle (not shown).
  • a first pressure switch PS1 which is arranged to measure the suction pressure at point A, adjacent to the entrance to the dust bag.
  • the switch could be positioned to measure the suction (i.e. negative pressure) within the hose 34 at the end adjacent the bag.
  • the switch has three settings, at 3000, 5000, 6000 Pa (300, 500 and 600 mm wg), and provides an output, indicative of the measured suction exceeding one or more of these values, which is passed to a microprocessor 36 located in a control section towards the rear of the cleaner.
  • a second pressure switch, PS2 is provided in the clean air chamber 16 to provide an indication of the air flow at point C on the diffuser, as will now be described with reference to Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 is an end view of a plastics-material diffuser, the purpose of which is to channel air flowing from the fan blades towards a central aperture 38.
  • the diffuser has a generally cylindrical external surface 40 which is angled in conical fashion towards the aperture 38.
  • On the surface 40 are provided a plurality of upstanding vanes 42 between which the rotating air flow passes. As the flow passes towards the centre of the diffuser its rotational speed is gradually decreased by virtue of the angled vanes.
  • a dam 48 Between two adjacent vanes near the periphery of the surface 40 there is a dam 48; thus, there is formed between the vanes 44, 46 and the dam 48 a cul-de-sac in the air flow. Passing through the surface 40 into this cul-de-sac there is a small circular aperture 50, via which the pressure in the cul-de-sac can be measured by the pressure switch PS2 (see Figure 1).
  • the pressure switch PS2 supplies a signal, depending upon the air flow, to the microprocessor 36. Conveniently, this signal indicates which, if any, of the following pressures are exceeded; 1100, 1600, 1900 Pa (110, 160, 190 mm wg).
  • the pressure measured at the switch PS2 is not absolute, but differential.
  • the signal supplied to the microprocessor indicates the amount by which the pressure at C (which is, as has already been stated, representative of the air flow) exceeds the pressure at D, within the clean air chamber 16. Using a differential rather than an actual pressure measurement means that any back pressure, created by virtue of the exhaust microfilter 30 being partially clogged, will be automatically compensated for.
  • the cleaner motor 24 is controlled by a motor control unit 52, receiving power along external power lines 54.
  • a control/indicator panel 56 which, amongst other things, includes a foot-operated switch (not shown) by which the user can select the power level at which the cleaner is to operate, for example 100%, 70%, 60% and 50% of maximum.
  • the chosen power level is communicated to the microprocessor 36 which then issues an appropriate command to the motor control unit 52.
  • the signals supplied to the microprocessor from the pressure switches PS1 and PS2 are used to determine certain error conditions as will now be described.
  • a "bag full" condition is identified by the microprocessor if the diffuser pressure tap tube pressure falls below 1600 Pa (160 mm water), when the power setting is 100% or 70%, and if the pressure falls below 1100 Pa (110 mm water) when the power setting is 60% or 50%. In either case, this identification is made only if the suction determined by the pressure switch PS1 is also low; for example if it is below 5000 Pa (500 mm water) at 100% or 70%, and below 3000 Pa (300 mm water) at 60% or 50%.
  • a "hose blocked” condition can be identified if the suction in the bag is high, and at the same time the air flow through the cleaner is low.
  • the expressions "high” and “low” depend upon the power setting in use.
  • the microprocessor may be programmed to identify a "hose blocked” condition at 100% or 70% power when the suction measured by PS1 exceeds 6000 Pa (600 mm water), while the pressure at PS2 is less than 1600 Pa (160 mm water).
  • the microprocessor may be programmed to use the values 5000 Pa and 1100 Pa (500 mm and 110 mm water) respectively.
  • the microprocessor can be arranged to determine the "hose blocked" and "bag full” conditions according to different criteria for each power setting with the limit values being determined by experimentation. Also, if sufficiently accurate information is provided from the two pressure switches, the microprocessor can in a similar way give an indication of approximately how full the bag is. Alternatively, a slightly simpler arrangement is to provide a "bag check" button on the control/indicator panel 56; when the user presses this button, the microprocessor instructs the motor control unit 52 to operate the motor at a given power level, say 50%, and the fullness of the bag can then be determined directly by the airflow measured by the switch PS2. When the button is released, the microprocessor returns the cleaner to normal operation.
  • control/indicator panel 56 The various conditions mentioned above, as determined by the microprocessor, are displayed on the control/indicator panel 56 by means of an LED display. Also, the microprocessor may be arranged to send a cut out signal to the motor control unit 52 in the event of the hose blocking, or the bag becoming full.
  • control/indicator panel 56 includes an "auto" switch, the pressing of which causes the microprocessor to instruct the motor control unit 52 to operate the cleaner in such a way that the suction, as measured by the switch PS1, is substantially constant.
  • the power setting will automatically change as the user moves the suction nozzle for example from a deep pile carpet to a smooth floor.
  • the microprocessor instructs the motor control unit to increase the power if the suction at PS1 is less than 5000 Pa (500 mm wg), to maintain it if the suction lies between 5000 and 6000 Pa (500 and 600 mm), and to reduce it if the suction exceeds 6000 Pa (600 mm).
  • the diagnostic routines could be disabled entirely when the cleaner is in the auto-mode.
  • the microprocessor could be arranged automatically to switch the cleaner between the auto-mode and the normal mode, from time to time, thus enabling the normal diagnostic routines to operate.
  • the microprocessor could be arranged to switch in the diagnostic routines only if an abnormal condition persists for an extended period.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Vacuum Cleaner (AREA)
  • Filters For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Staubsauger, umfassend eine Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks oder Luftstroms an einer stromaufwärts gelegenen Fläche (40) eines Diffusors (22) eines Sauggebläses (20), wobei der Diffusor eine Mehrzahl von angewinkelten Radschaufeln (42) aufweist, die angeordnet sind, um einen im allgemeinen kreisförmigen Luftstrom, der das Gebläse verläßt, in einen im wesentlichen radialen Luftstrom umzuwandeln, und eine Einrichtung, um eine Anzeigevorrichtung in Abhängigkeit vom nachgewiesenen Druck oder Luftstrom zu betätigen.
  2. Staubsauger nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Nachweiseinrichtung einen Drucksensor aufweist, der mit einem Rohr, das sich an einer Druckabgrifföffnung (50) an der stromaufwärts gelegenen Fläche des Diffusors öffnet, verbunden ist.
  3. Staubsauger nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Druckabgrifföffnung (50) sich zwischen zwei benachbarten Radschaufeln (44, 46) in der stromaufwärts gelegenen Fläche des Diffusors befindet, wobei die Fläche quer zu einer Gebläseachse angeordnet ist.
  4. Staubsauger nach Anspruch 3, wobei die angewinkelten Radschaufeln (42) von der genannten Fläche abstehen und im allgemeinen senkrecht zu dieser angeordnet sind.
  5. Staubsauger nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, wobei die benachbarten Radschaufeln miteinander an ihren axial nach innen gerichteten Enden neben der Druckabgrifföffnung verbunden sind.
  6. Staubsauger nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei es sich beim Drucksensor um einen Mehrfachkontakt-Druckwächter (PS2) handelt.
  7. Staubsauger nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei die Einrichtung zum Nachweis eines Drucks oder Luftstroms einen Differential-Drucksensor (PS2) umfaßt, der zum Nachweis des Druckunterschieds zwischen einem Punkt (C) auf der stromaufwärts gelegenen Seite des Diffusors und einem weiteren Punkt (D) innerhalb eines Hauptkörpers des Staubsaugers stromaufwärts zu einem Auslaßfilter (30) angeordnet ist.
EP19890310295 1988-10-19 1989-10-09 Staubsauger Expired - Lifetime EP0366295B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8824485A GB2225220B (en) 1988-10-19 1988-10-19 Suction cleaner
GB8824485 1988-10-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0366295A1 EP0366295A1 (de) 1990-05-02
EP0366295B1 true EP0366295B1 (de) 1993-09-29

Family

ID=10645447

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890310297 Expired - Lifetime EP0365191B1 (de) 1988-10-19 1989-10-09 Staubsauger
EP19890310295 Expired - Lifetime EP0366295B1 (de) 1988-10-19 1989-10-09 Staubsauger

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19890310297 Expired - Lifetime EP0365191B1 (de) 1988-10-19 1989-10-09 Staubsauger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP0365191B1 (de)
AU (2) AU626592B2 (de)
DE (2) DE68909557T2 (de)
GB (1) GB2225220B (de)

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2663527A1 (fr) * 1990-06-26 1991-12-27 Tech Internal Hygiene Pro Cent Procede et dispositif de controle de proprete d'une surface.
KR920007443Y1 (ko) * 1990-07-28 1992-10-15 삼성전자 주식회사 진공청소기의 모터제어장치
DE4304264A1 (de) * 1993-02-12 1994-08-18 Siemens Ag Eigendiagnose für einen Staubsauger und Verfahren zu deren Betrieb
FR2712167B1 (fr) * 1993-11-10 1995-12-22 Seb Sa Capteur de régulation de débit pour aspirateur.
DE4413225A1 (de) * 1994-04-15 1995-10-19 Vorwerk Co Interholding Staubsauger mit einer Saugleistungsanzeige
GB2320419B (en) * 1996-12-20 2000-08-16 Notetry Ltd Improved vacuum cleaner
US6026539A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-02-22 Bissell Homecare, Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner with full bag and clogged filter indicators thereon
US6571422B1 (en) 2000-08-01 2003-06-03 The Hoover Company Vacuum cleaner with a microprocessor-based dirt detection circuit
KR100432730B1 (ko) * 2001-10-15 2004-05-24 엘지전자 주식회사 진공청소기의 모터 보호장치
DE102011052023A1 (de) * 2011-07-21 2013-01-24 Miele & Cie. Kg Verfahren zur Füllstandsüberwachung bei einem Staubsauger
DK177913B1 (da) * 2013-07-03 2014-12-15 Bröndum As V Støvsuger med tømningsindikator og luftgennemstrømningsregulator
WO2017005273A1 (en) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-12 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Vacuum cleaner comprising an integrated circuit pressure switch
EP3725205B1 (de) * 2019-04-17 2023-10-25 Aktiebolaget Electrolux Staubsauger
CN114052556A (zh) * 2020-08-03 2022-02-18 天佑电器（苏州）有限公司 尘量提示方法、系统、吸尘器及可读存储介质
GB2622364A (en) * 2022-09-13 2024-03-20 Dyson Technology Ltd A power control method for a motor of an air-moving device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2124761A1 (de) * 1970-09-01 1972-03-02 Suhl Elektrogeraete Veb K Vorrichtung zur Anzeige des Füllungsgrades eines Staubsaugerfilters
US4021879A (en) * 1975-11-28 1977-05-10 Consolidated Foods Corporation Constant performance vacuum cleaner
SE412840B (sv) * 1978-03-20 1980-03-24 Electrolux Ab Dammsugare med regleranordning for undertryck och luftflode
US4294595A (en) * 1980-07-18 1981-10-13 Electrolux Corporation Vacuum cleaner including automatic shutoff device
US4342133A (en) * 1981-03-12 1982-08-03 The Hoover Company Vacuum cleaner air flow sensing arrangement
JPS6249924A (ja) * 1985-08-23 1987-03-04 ジエ−ムス　フエイ 集塵ダクト吸引圧制御方法及び装置
US4654924A (en) * 1985-12-31 1987-04-07 Whirlpool Corporation Microcomputer control system for a canister vacuum cleaner
US4733430A (en) 1986-12-09 1988-03-29 Whirlpool Corporation Vacuum cleaner with operating condition indicator system
EP0320878B1 (de) * 1987-12-15 1995-03-22 Hitachi, Ltd. Verfahren für den Betrieb eines Staubsaugers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE68909557D1 (de) 1993-11-04
EP0365191B1 (de) 1994-01-12
GB8824485D0 (en) 1988-11-23
AU4296689A (en) 1990-04-26
DE68912266D1 (de) 1994-02-24
AU626592B2 (en) 1992-08-06
DE68909557T2 (de) 1994-06-16
GB2225220A (en) 1990-05-30
DE68912266T2 (de) 1994-07-21
AU635901B2 (en) 1993-04-08
GB2225220B (en) 1992-08-26
EP0365191A1 (de) 1990-04-25
EP0366295A1 (de) 1990-05-02
AU4296789A (en) 1990-04-26

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