EP0360145B1 - Procédé pour rendre étanches des dépôts d'ordures existants ou des surfaces contaminées - Google Patents

Procédé pour rendre étanches des dépôts d'ordures existants ou des surfaces contaminées Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0360145B1
EP0360145B1 EP89116983A EP89116983A EP0360145B1 EP 0360145 B1 EP0360145 B1 EP 0360145B1 EP 89116983 A EP89116983 A EP 89116983A EP 89116983 A EP89116983 A EP 89116983A EP 0360145 B1 EP0360145 B1 EP 0360145B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sealing
drawn
blade
tubes
mineral
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89116983A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0360145A3 (fr
EP0360145A2 (fr
Inventor
Josef Ofenstein
Edmund Hertle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alfred Kunz GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Alfred Kunz GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19893900391 external-priority patent/DE3900391A1/de
Application filed by Alfred Kunz GmbH and Co filed Critical Alfred Kunz GmbH and Co
Priority to AT89116983T priority Critical patent/ATE83022T1/de
Publication of EP0360145A2 publication Critical patent/EP0360145A2/fr
Publication of EP0360145A3 publication Critical patent/EP0360145A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0360145B1 publication Critical patent/EP0360145B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/002—Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/006—Sealing of existing landfills, e.g. using mining techniques

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for sealing existing garbage dumps or contaminated areas, in which pipes are driven under the garbage dump or contaminated area and a sword is preferred between each two pipes running approximately parallel to one another and in which the sealing layer lying side by side between the soil layers separated from the sword Plastic geomembranes are drawn in, which are sealed together along their edges.
  • landfills were often built with inadequate waterproofing towards the groundwater or no waterproofing at all, so that pollutants could seep into the ground with the surface water and get into the groundwater. It is therefore an urgent task today to subsequently seal existing landfill sites that have become leaky or that have no sealing at all to protect the groundwater.
  • the sealing sheets used for sealing are attached directly to the bar and are drawn forward between two tubes in the longitudinal direction of the tubes.
  • the known method still has problems with the sealing connection of the edge region of the sealing sheet that was last drawn in to the edge area of the previously drawn sealing sheet. Apart from these difficulties in pulling in the sealing sheets, the known method does not allow a reliable control as to whether the inserted sealing sheets form a tight layer and a safe barrier against the groundwater. After all, a plastic seal is only a relatively thin barrier that can easily be damaged by subsidence and displacement in the floor.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method of the type specified, which controls the proper retraction of the sealing membrane and the tight connection of the Paths to a sealing layer allowed and this enables the creation of a sealing layer largely insensitive to ground movements.
  • this object is achieved in a method of the generic type in that the sword is pulled forward by approximately one sealing membrane width and the sealing membrane is drawn in through a gap space of the sword, that an edge of the last inserted plastic sealing membrane in the gap space with the free edge of the preceding one Plastic sealing membrane connected and that a mineral sealing compound is introduced at least on one side of the sealing membrane while the sword is preferred.
  • the mineral sealing compound is expediently installed on both sides of the sealing membrane.
  • tubes which are essentially parallel to one another are first pressed under the area or landfill to be underpinned.
  • These pipes can be pre-pressed from construction pits created on the side of the landfill or surface, or can also be driven directly from the surface if the pipes take an arcuate curve and thereby undercut the landfill or contaminated area in an approximately shell-like manner.
  • the tubes which are successively pre-pressed at a distance of about 10 to 20 m, therefore expediently have a diameter of about 2 m or more.
  • the pipes are pre-pressed in sections, with the soil at the front the pipes can be dismantled and discharged through the pipes. Pipe sections can be successively welded to the pipe section being driven. The pipes can be pressed in in a known manner by means of suitable feed presses.
  • the sword is drawn between two pipes, preferably between the two last pressed pipes, so that progressive pipe jacking can be carried out with the creation of the sealing layer.
  • the sword is provided with an approximately horizontally running gap, through which, after the sword is preferred, the sealing membrane can be drawn in transversely in a controllable manner by approximately one sealing membrane width.
  • the sealing membrane is expediently drawn in such that the last inserted with its side edge overlaps the free side edge of the previously inserted sealing sheet, so that this overlap area can then be welded under the protection of the gap space of the sword.
  • the method according to the invention thus once allows a reliable check that the sealing sheets are drawn in without damage and are tightly connected to one another.
  • the introduction of the mineral sealing compound turns it into a composite seal created, which offers high security against the passage of liquid pollutants and water.
  • the tubes previously drawn in are expediently slit laterally when the sword is pulled forward and the top and bottom shells of the tubes are supported against one another.
  • conventional pulling presses can be used, which are gradually shifted forward and articulated on anchors correspondingly gradually shifted forward.
  • the tubular shells which are slotted on one or both sides can be supported by appropriately curved supports and presses connecting them, or else by appropriate expansion.
  • the pipes can also be stiffened with a steel frame so that there is no need for support.
  • a sliding formwork sealing the slotted lateral gap of the tube is expediently drawn with the sword. This prevents the injected mineral sealant from entering the tube before it hardens.
  • a rapidly hardening mineral sealing compound is expediently used, which is able to absorb the earth pressure relatively quickly. Because the mineral sealant is also introduced as a replacement for the soil removed by the advanced sword, so that it must absorb the ground pressure after pulling the sword.
  • the mineral sealant expediently presents liquids with such a great resistance that its flow velocity in the sealant is in the range of 10 ⁇ 9 m / sec.
  • the flow rate can also be lower.
  • the sealing compound therefore also acts as a seal itself and not only as protection for the plastic seal enclosed by it.
  • the thickness of the layer of the mineral sealing compound is expediently about 50 to 100 cm and preferably about 65 cm. If the sealing compound is installed on one side, the thickness of the mineral sealing layer can range from 25 to 70 cm and the total thickness can range from 50 to 100 cm.
  • the sealing strips are expediently drawn in with their edge regions overlapping one another and connected to one another by weld seams running parallel to one another. These weld seams, as it were, delimit a tubular part of the plastic seal, which can be inflated with compressed air to check tightness and strength.
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the weld seam can be checked for its tightness and strength and that the weld seam can be separated and the sealing membrane can be re-welded in the event of a faulty welded joint.
  • the plastic sealing membrane can also be cut to size if the position is inaccurate.
  • the geomembranes are expediently introduced into the tubes in rolls so that they are unwound from them when they are pulled through the gap of the sword. To unwind and process the geomembranes facilitate, they can be heated by appropriate heating devices.
  • the sealing sheets within the pipes can be tightly connected to one another by plastic sealing sections.
  • the plastic sealing sheets can in turn be connected to one another in a verifiable manner.
  • two sealing sheets are drawn in transversely through the gap of the sword. These two sealing sheets, the edges of which are connected in the manner described to the edges of the previously drawn-in sealing sheets, form a two-layer seal which creates a double barrier against possible leakage points.
  • a filler is expediently introduced between the two sealing sheets. This filler supports the two sealing layers and can also have a sealing effect.
  • a mineral sealant can preferably be used as the filler.
  • the pipes can be kept in a walk-on form so that subsequent checks are possible.
  • the tubes are expediently filled with a filler material, at least in the lower region liquid-permeable material is introduced which serves as a filter and / or drainage layer. It can hardly be avoided that liquid collects in the tubes, which can then be drawn off and disposed of through this filter and / or drainage layer.
  • the pipes are expediently installed in such a way that they lie on a spherically curved, shell-shaped surface. At As already mentioned, this arrangement avoids lateral excavation pits from which the pipes would otherwise have to be pressed. With such a bowl-shaped arrangement of the pipes, it is only necessary to provide the deepest pipes with drainage devices.
  • the floor in front of the shield can be removed and removed through the pipes if a gap is preferred.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in that the sword consists of a ridge-side and a bottom-side plate-shaped shell which, starting from a front cross member, are supported by fork-shaped carriers which run out towards the rear.
  • the gap through which the sealing membrane can be drawn in is formed between these fork-shaped supports.
  • This gap space is expediently designed to widen towards its rear end, so that it creates the necessary freedom in the rear area for the performance of work, for example welding work.
  • the bottom shell is expediently provided in its rear region with a transversely extending table-like web, which serves as an abutment for a transversely movable welding carriage.
  • This table-like web is expediently heatable in order to give the edge regions of the plastic sealing sheets to be welded the necessary flexibility and suppleness.
  • the table-like web can be designed to oscillate in height, as a result of which the layer thickness of the sealing compound above and below the plastic sealing membrane can be adapted to the requirements.
  • a transversely extending strip-shaped apron made of flexible and / or elastic material is fastened in the rear region of the upper shell.
  • This apron prevents nozzles attached from the rear end region of the sword when the mineral sealant is being injected or introduced and penetrates into the gap space of the sword.
  • the seal can be formed on the underside of the sealing membrane by the web-like table itself.
  • ejection nozzles for introducing the mineral sealing compound are provided in the rear end region of the upper and lower shell.
  • the upper and lower bowl-shaped plates of the sword can be provided with nozzle-shaped bores for ejecting lubricants.
  • the front of the sword or shield can be provided with a scraper conveyor or other mining device, the endless chains of which run around vertical axes in the area of the lateral tubes.
  • the material released from the scraper conveyor and conveyed into the tube can then be discharged through a tube in the usual way.
  • the geomembrane which is drawn off the roll in accordance with the preference of the sword or shield and emerges therefrom consists of a suitable thermoplastic material or else of a composite gasket with corresponding inlays.
  • the seal can also consist of other plastic materials with or without additives.
  • the geomembranes drawn in in this way can then be connected to one another in a sealed manner in the region of the tubes serving the preference of the sword.
  • sealing sheets are drawn in according to the preference of the sword or shield without relative movement to the adjacent soil layers, no frictional forces damaging these can act on the sealing sheets.
  • proper pull-in can be checked so that the plastic webs drawn in by the method according to the invention ensure a secure seal.
  • the sword 2 consists of a front support structure 4, which forms a cross member stiffened by welded-in metal sheets, the end regions 5 of which protrude through lateral slots 6 in the guide and the tubes 1 serving as a preference.
  • the support structure 4 can consist of sections 7 screwed together in the manner shown in FIG.
  • Upper and lower cover plates 8, 9, between which a gap space 10 is formed, are connected to the upper flange and lower flange of the support structure 4.
  • the upper and lower support plates 8, 9 are braced by inclined beams and plates 11 and welded-in web plates in such a way that the gap space 10 extends from the front support structure 4 towards its end in a wedge shape.
  • a sheet 16 is arranged on transverse pedestal-shaped webs 12, 13, 14, which forms a sliding surface for the plastic sealing sheets 15 to be drawn in transversely.
  • the back of this one The sheet 16 provided with a sliding surface above the transverse base 14 serves as an abutment for the transversely movable plastic welding device 17, with which the overlapping side regions of the drawn-in sealing sheets are connected by two weld seams running parallel to one another.
  • a scraper conveyor or other mining device 19 On the front of the support structure 4 there is a scraper conveyor or other mining device 19, the endless chains of which run around vertical axes in the area of the pipes 1. The material released from the scraper conveyor 19 and conveyed into a tube is then discharged through a tube in a conventional manner.
  • nozzle-forming bores 21 are provided through which lubricants can be ejected.
  • the hydraulic cylinders of the hydraulic presses 3 are articulated to the end regions 5 of the support structure 4 projecting through the slots into the pipes.
  • the piston rods 24 are hinged to anchors 25, which are moved forward according to the preference of the sword 2.
  • the sword and / or the preferred presses can be supported by support structures 26 'provided with rollers in relation to the region of the lower surface line of the tubes.
  • the sealing membrane 15 is drawn in transversely by traction means, not shown.
  • the sealing membrane is unwound from the roller 26, the shaft of which is mounted in holders of the sword 2 within the outer tube 1 in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • the geomembrane is drawn in in such a way that the last geomembrane drawn in is the edge of the previous one retracted section overlaps with its edge region in the manner shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • Two parallel weld seams 27 are then introduced into this overlap area by the transversely displaceable plastic welding device 17.
  • the shield 2 is pulled forward by one sheet width.
  • mineral sealing compounds are pressed out of nozzles 28, 29 which are arranged in the rear end region of the sword below the upper cover plate and above the lower cover plate, which replace the previously discharged base and form a composite seal together with the plastic seal enclosed by them.
  • a strip-shaped apron 30 made of elastic and / or elastomeric material is attached to a transverse holding plate of the cover plate 8, which strips as a sealing lip over the retracted plastic sealing strips and penetration of the pressed-in mineral sealing compound prevented in the gap space 10.
  • a sealing lip can be dispensed with below the sealing sheets 15 because the web-shaped base 14 and the sliding plate 16 can take over the corresponding sealing function.
  • the upper and lower tubular shells 33, 34 formed by the longitudinal slots 6 are supported against one another by arcuate supports 35, 36 and hydraulic supports 37 connecting them.
  • a slide formwork 39 sealing the gap is dragged along by the sword 2.
  • the sliding formwork can be connected to the sword structure in an articulated or movable manner and additionally pressed against the gap. This configuration allows changes in distance to be compensated for in a simple manner.
  • the end regions of the drawn-in sealing sections 15 projecting into these are connected to one another by sealing sheet sections 40, the overlapping edge regions of which are also welded to one another in the manner described.
  • the tubes 1 can also be filled with a filling material 41, the filling material 41 being supported by a formwork 42.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (19)

  1. Procédé pour rendre étanche des dépôts d'ordures existants ou des surfaces contaminées, selon lequel on met en place en dessous du dépot d'ordures ou de la surface contaminée des tubes (1) sensiblement parallèles les uns aux autres et avancent entre respectivement deux tubes une épée (2) et selon lequel entre les couches de sol séparées par l'épée sont introduites des bandes d'étanchéité en matière plastique (15) rendant étanche, qui sont reliées les unes autres de façon étanche, le long de leurs bords, caractérisé en ce que,
       l'épée est avancée chaque fois d'environ une largeur de bande d'étanchéité et la bande d'étanchéité est introduite perpendiculairement à travers un espace de fente (10) de l'épée, un bord de la bande d'étanchéité qui a été introduite en dernier dans l'espace de fente est reliée au bord libre de la bande d'étanchéité précédente et que, pendant l'avance de l'épée, sur au moins un côté de la bande d'étanchéité est introduite une masse d'étanchéité minérale.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que les tubes sont fendus latéralement lors de l'avance de l'épée et les coques de tête et de fond (33,34) des tubes sont supportés l'une par rapport à l'autre.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 et 2 caractérisé en ce qu'un coffrage glissant (39) rendant étanche la fente latérale fendue (6) du tube est tirée avec l'épée.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendication 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'une masse d'étanchéité minérale rapidement durcissente est introduite sous pression au moins sur un côté des bandes d'étanchéité introduites.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la masse d'étanchéité minérale oppose aux liquides une résistence importante telle que la vitesse d'écoulement de ceux-ci se trouve dans la gamme d'au maximum 10⁻⁹m/seconde.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de la masse d'étanchéité minérale est de 50 à 100 cm, de préférence d'environ 65 cm.
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les bandes d'étanchiété en matière plastique sont introduites en ce chevauchant mutuellement par leurs fonds de bord et sont reliés par des cordons de soudure (27) s'étendant parallèlement les uns aux autres.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les bandes d'étanchéité en matière plastique sont reliées à l'intérieur des tubes par des sections d'étanchéité en matière platique (40).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que deux bandes d'étanchéités sont introduites transversalement à travers l'espace de fente de l'épée.
  10. Procédé selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'une matière de remplissage est introduite entre les deux bandes d'étanchéité.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que es tubes sont remplis par une matière de remplissage (4d), au moins dans la partie inférieure des tubes étant introduite de la matière perméable aux liquides qui sert de couche de filtrage et/ou de drainage.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que les tubes sont installés de telle façon qu'ils se trouvent sur une surface courbée de façon sphérique et en forme d'une coque.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que de la terre est enlevée devant l'épée lors de l'avance de celle-ci pour la formation d'une fente, et est évacuée à travers les tubes.
  14. Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'une revendication 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que l'épée est formée par une plaque (8) située du côté du front et une plaque (9) située du côté du fond qui, est supportée par des supports (11) se terminant vers l'arrière sous forme d'une fourche.
  15. Dispositif selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la coque de fond (9) est pourue, dans sa partie arrière, d'une barette (14) en forme de table s'étendant perpendiculairement, qui sert de butée pour un chariot de soudage (17) perpendiculairement déplaçable.
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que, à la partie arrière de la coque supérieure (8) est fixée une jupe (30) qui s'étend perpendiculairement et est en forme de rubans en un matériau flexible et/ou plastique.
  17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la partie d'extrémité arrière des plaques supérieure et inférieure de l'épée sont prévues des tuyères d'éjection (28,29) pour des masses d'étanchéité minérales.
  18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 14 à 17, caractérisé en ce que les plaques supérieure et inférieure de recouvrement ou de plafond ou de fond de l'épée sont pourvues d'alésages (21) en forme de tuyères pour l'éjection de matières de glissement.
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la baratte en forme de table est supportée de façon pivotante en hauteur.
EP89116983A 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Procédé pour rendre étanches des dépôts d'ordures existants ou des surfaces contaminées Expired - Lifetime EP0360145B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89116983T ATE83022T1 (de) 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Verfahren zum abdichten bestehender muelldeponien oder kontaminierter flaechen.

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3832091 1988-09-21
DE3832091 1988-09-21
DE3833292 1988-09-30
DE3833292 1988-09-30
DE3900391 1989-01-09
DE19893900391 DE3900391A1 (de) 1988-09-21 1989-01-09 Verfahren zum abdichten bestehender muelldeponien oder kontaminierter flaechen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0360145A2 EP0360145A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
EP0360145A3 EP0360145A3 (fr) 1991-02-27
EP0360145B1 true EP0360145B1 (fr) 1992-12-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89116983A Expired - Lifetime EP0360145B1 (fr) 1988-09-21 1989-09-13 Procédé pour rendre étanches des dépôts d'ordures existants ou des surfaces contaminées

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0360145B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58902883D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK464289A (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3407382C2 (de) * 1984-02-29 1994-08-04 Zueblin Ag Verfahren zur Fertigung einer etwa waagrechten Dichtungsschicht und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE3670519D1 (de) * 1985-01-21 1990-05-23 Kunz Alfred & Co Verfahren und vorrichtung zur abdichtung bestehender muelldeponien oder kontaminierter flaechen.
DE3617956A1 (de) * 1985-05-28 1987-12-03 Hans Richter Verfahren und vorrichtung zum nachtraeglichen einbringen einer fluessigkeitsundurchlaessigen schicht in ausgedehnte deponien und kontaminierte standorte zum schutze des grundwassers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE58902883D1 (de) 1993-01-14
EP0360145A3 (fr) 1991-02-27
DK464289A (da) 1990-03-22
EP0360145A2 (fr) 1990-03-28
DK464289D0 (da) 1989-09-20

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