EP0357907A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0357907A1
EP0357907A1 EP19890112632 EP89112632A EP0357907A1 EP 0357907 A1 EP0357907 A1 EP 0357907A1 EP 19890112632 EP19890112632 EP 19890112632 EP 89112632 A EP89112632 A EP 89112632A EP 0357907 A1 EP0357907 A1 EP 0357907A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
fluid
outlet
valve
overflow pipe
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Granted
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EP19890112632
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0357907B1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Krips
Miroslan Dr. Podhorsky
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Balcke Duerr AG
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Balcke Duerr AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F22B1/1884—Hot gas heating tube boilers with one or more heating tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F22B35/007—Control systems for waste heat boilers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular waste heat steam generator, with heat exchanger tubes running between two end chambers, through which a fluid involved in the heat exchange flows and flowed against by another fluid supplied to the housing surrounding the heat exchanger tubes, and with one parallel to the chambers
  • a heat exchanger of the type described above is known from DE-PS 28 46 455.
  • the outlet-side chamber of the heat exchanger is separated by a partition running perpendicular to the heat exchanger tubes wall divided into an outflow and a mixing room.
  • this mixing chamber the partial flow emerging from the heat exchanger tubes is mixed with the partial flow of the same fluid passing through the overflow tube, the respective proportions of the two partial flows being set by the position of the valve arrangement.
  • This known embodiment has the disadvantage that the mixing of the two sub-streams is associated with a high pressure loss and that a relatively large mixing space must be provided in order to achieve a reasonably satisfactory mixing of the two sub-streams without it being possible to ensure that the out the fluid flow exiting the outlet connection of the heat exchanger does not consist of a hot core flow and a colder edge flow.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a heat exchanger of the type described above, the mixing device formed at the outlet end of the overflow pipe guarantees low-loss and intensive mixing of the partial flows with a significantly reduced space requirement for the mixing section.
  • the solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the outlet opening of the outlet-side heat exchanger chamber is formed on a collecting cone which interacts with the valve ring, and that the valve ring is provided with a conical outlet surface provided with a plurality of through-openings, the inclination of which The longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone.
  • a mixing device is created in which the partial flow emerging from the heat exchanger tubes is specifically fed through the collecting cone to the outlet opening of the end chamber, this partial flow passing through an annular flow cross section which is formed on the one hand by the wall of the collecting cone and on the other hand by the valve ring becomes.
  • the partial flow of the same fluid that emerges from the overflow pipe is introduced into this partial flow directed towards the outlet opening by the inclination of the collecting cone. Since this outlet takes place from a conical outlet surface of the valve ring, the inclination of which to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger roughly corresponds to the inclination of the collecting cone, this results in intensive mixing of the two partial flows within a short mixing section.
  • the conical outlet surface is provided with a large number of through openings which divide the fluid emerging from the overflow pipe into a large number of small flow threads, which are distributed over the annular flow cross section between the collecting cone and the conical outlet surface and are mixed into the partial flow coming from the heat exchanger pipes.
  • the quantitative change in the two partial flows can - as is known - be carried out by adjusting the valve ring relative to the collecting cone on the one hand and the valve plate relative to the overflow pipe on the other hand, so that a predetermined outlet temperature of one of the two fluids participating in the heat exchange can be kept constant within narrow limits.
  • the outlet-side chamber is formed by the collecting cone, the outlet opening of which is at the same time designed as an outlet connection of the heat exchanger. If a sufficiently large space is available and / or a type of calming zone is to be formed after the mixing section, the collecting cone can, according to a further feature of the invention, also be arranged within the outlet-side chamber, which in turn is provided with an outlet nozzle.
  • the shortened heat exchanger shown in Fig.1 has a cylindrical housing 1, at one end of which an inlet chamber 2 with insulation 2a for the heat-emitting fluid F 1 is arranged.
  • This fluid F1 is passed through heat exchanger tubes 3, which extend between the inlet chamber 2 and an outlet-side chamber 4.
  • the cooled fluid F1 leaves the outlet chamber 4 through an outlet 4a.
  • the heat-absorbing fluid F2 is supplied to the housing 1 surrounding the heat exchanger tubes 3 through a nozzle 1a. It acts on the heat exchanger tubes from the outside and, after being heated, leaves the housing 1 through a connector 1b.
  • the inlet chamber 2 and the outlet-side chamber 4 are connected to one another parallel to the heat exchanger tubes 3 by an overflow tube 5, which is provided with insulation 5a.
  • an overflow tube 5 which is provided with insulation 5a.
  • a valve arrangement is formed, which is shown enlarged in Figures 2 and 3.
  • This valve arrangement comprises a valve plate 6, with which the flow cross section of the overflow pipe 5 can be completely closed in one end position and which is arranged on a valve rod 7.
  • a valve ring 8 is also attached, which is flowed through by the fluid F 1 leaving the overflow pipe 5 and which closes an outlet opening 9 in the other end position of the valve arrangement, which is formed in a collecting cone 10.
  • This collecting cone 10 is arranged in the outlet-side chamber 4 in such a way that the outlet openings of all the heat exchanger tubes 3 open out inside the collecting cone 10. In this way, the collection cone 10 and its outlet opening 9 flows through the entirety of that portion of the fluid F 1 that exits the heat exchanger tubes 3.
  • the valve rod 7 is actuated by a servomotor 11 which is arranged on the outside of the outlet-side chamber 4.
  • a servomotor 11 which is arranged on the outside of the outlet-side chamber 4.
  • the valve rod 7 can be transferred into two end positions and all intermediate positions.
  • the valve plate 6 closes the entire cross section of the overflow pipe 5.
  • the heat-emitting fluid F 1 flows through the heat exchanger pipes 3; it enters the collecting cone 10 and leaves it through the outlet opening 9.
  • the valve plate 6 releases the flow cross section of the overflow pipe 5, whereas the valve ring 8 rests on the collecting cone 10 in an area which surrounds the outlet opening 9.
  • the heat exchanger tubes 3 are closed on their outlet side by the backwater; the heat-emitting fluid F1 flows completely through the overflow pipe 5 and passes through the interior of the valve ring 8 into the outlet opening 9. Since the overflow pipe 5 is provided with insulation 5a, heat exchange between the heat-emitting fluid F1 and the heat-absorbing fluid F2 is in this end position almost prevented.
  • valve assembly described above can therefore be used to control either the outlet temperature of the fluid F1 or the fluid F2 within narrow limits.
  • valve ring 8 In order to bring about a thorough mixing of that portion of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 that emerges from the heat exchanger tubes 3 with the portion that leaves the overflow tube 5, the valve ring 8 is provided with a conical outlet surface 8 a, which is provided with a plurality of through openings 8 b Inclination to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone 10 to this longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. In this way - as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 - good mixing of the two partial flows is produced before they leave the outlet opening 9 of the collecting cone 10.
  • the partial quantity emerging from the overflow pipe 5 is bundled through the through openings 8b in the manner of a shower Partial stream injected, which emerges from the collecting cone 10. In this way it is prevented that 9 strands of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 emerge from the outlet opening at very different temperatures.
  • the outlet-side chamber 4 is therefore only provided to make the flow more uniform, without mixing of the two partial flows of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 taking place in this outlet-side chamber 4.
  • valve arrangement in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 corresponds to the valve arrangement in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger with heat exchanger pipes (3) which run between two chambers (2,4) and which are flowed through by a fluid (F1) and flowed against by another fluid (F2), and with an overflow pipe (5) through which a changeable partial flow of the fluid (F1) can be guided to avoid the heat exchange. The overflow pipe (5) is provided with a valve arrangement for the modification of its flow cross-section. This valve arrangement comprises a valve disc (6), which closes the overflow pipe (5) in one end position of the valve arrangement, and a valve ring (8) which is flowed through by the fluid (F1) leaving the overflow pipe (5) and, in the other end position of the valve arrangement, closes an outlet opening (9) for the fluid (F1) issuing from the heat exchanger pipes (3). In order to guarantee a low-loss and intensive mixing of the partial flows of the fluid (F1) with greatly reduced space requirement for the mixing section, the outlet opening (9) is formed in a collecting cone (10) which interacts with the valve ring (8). The valve ring (8) is provided with a conical outlet area (8a) which is provided with a great number of penetration openings (8b) and the inclination of which to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone (10). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abhitze-Dampferzeuger, mit zwischen zwei endseitigen Kammern verlaufenden Wärmetauscherrohren, die von einem am Wärmeaus­tausch beteiligten Fluid durchströmt und von einem anderen, dem die Wärmetauscherrohre umgebenden Gehäuse zugeführten Fluid angeströmt werden, sowie mit einem die Kammern parallel zu den Wärmetauscherrohren verbindenden Überströmrohr, durch das insbesondere zur Aufrechterhaltung einer vorgebbaren Austrittstemperatur eines der beiden Fluids ein veränder­licher Teilstrom des zwischen den Kammern strömenden Fluids unter wesentlicher Vermeidung des Wärmeaustauschs mit dem anderen Fluid hindurchführbar ist und das zur Veränderung seines Strömungsquerschnitts mit einer Ventilanordnung ver­sehen ist, die einen den Strömungsquerschnitt des Über­strömrohres in der einen Endstellung der Ventilanordnung ver­schließenden Ventilteller und einen mit dem Ventilteller über eine Ventilstange verbundenen Ventilring umfaßt, der von dem das Überströmrohr verlassenden Fluid durchströmt wird und in der anderen Endstellung der Ventilanordnung eine in der austrittsseitigen Kammer ausgebildete Öffnung für das aus den Wärmetauscherrohren austretende Fluid verschließt.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular waste heat steam generator, with heat exchanger tubes running between two end chambers, through which a fluid involved in the heat exchange flows and flowed against by another fluid supplied to the housing surrounding the heat exchanger tubes, and with one parallel to the chambers Overflow pipe connecting heat exchanger tubes, through which a variable partial flow of the fluid flowing between the chambers can be passed, in particular to maintain a predeterminable outlet temperature of one of the two fluids, while essentially avoiding heat exchange with the other fluid, and which is provided with a valve arrangement for changing its flow cross-section, one the flow cross-section of the overflow pipe in the one end position of the valve arrangement closing valve plate and connected to the valve plate via a valve rod en comprises a valve ring through which the fluid leaving the overflow pipe flows and in the other end position of the valve arrangement closes an opening formed in the outlet-side chamber for the fluid emerging from the heat exchanger tubes.

Ein Wärmetauscher der voranstehend beschriebenen Art ist aus der DE-PS 28 46 455 bekannt. Bei dieser bekannten Ausführung wird die austrittsseitige Kammer des Wärmetauschers durch eine senkrecht zu den Wärmetauscherrohren verlaufende Trenn­ wand in einen Ausströmraum und einen Mischraum unterteilt. In diesem Mischraum wird der aus den Wärmetauscherrohren aus­tretende Teilstrom mit dem das Überströmrohr passierenden Teilstrom desselben Fluids gemischt, wobei die jeweiligen Anteile der beiden Teilströme durch die Stellung der Ventil­anordnung eingestellt werden.A heat exchanger of the type described above is known from DE-PS 28 46 455. In this known embodiment, the outlet-side chamber of the heat exchanger is separated by a partition running perpendicular to the heat exchanger tubes wall divided into an outflow and a mixing room. In this mixing chamber, the partial flow emerging from the heat exchanger tubes is mixed with the partial flow of the same fluid passing through the overflow tube, the respective proportions of the two partial flows being set by the position of the valve arrangement.

Diese bekannte Ausführung hat den Nachteil, daß die Ver­mischung der beiden Teilströme mit einem hohen Druckverlust verbunden ist und daß ein verhältnismäßig großer Mischraum vorgesehen werden muß, um eine einigermaßen zufrieden­stellende Vermischung der beiden Teilströme zu erzielen, ohne daß hierbei sichergestellt werden kann, daß der aus dem Aus­trittstutzen des Wärmetauschers austretende Fluidstrom nicht aus einer heißen Kernströmung und einer kälteren Randströmung besteht.This known embodiment has the disadvantage that the mixing of the two sub-streams is associated with a high pressure loss and that a relatively large mixing space must be provided in order to achieve a reasonably satisfactory mixing of the two sub-streams without it being possible to ensure that the out the fluid flow exiting the outlet connection of the heat exchanger does not consist of a hot core flow and a colder edge flow.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmetauscher der eingangs beschriebenen Art zu schaffen, dessen am austrittsseitigen Ende des Überströmrohres ausgebildete Mischeinrichtung eine verlustarme und intensive Vermischung der Teilströme bei erheblich verringertem Raumbedarf für die Mischstrecke garantiert.The invention has for its object to provide a heat exchanger of the type described above, the mixing device formed at the outlet end of the overflow pipe guarantees low-loss and intensive mixing of the partial flows with a significantly reduced space requirement for the mixing section.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabenstellung durch die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Austrittsöffnung der aus­trittsseitigen Wärmetauscherkammer an einem Sammelkonus ausgebildet ist, der mit dem Ventilring zusammenwirkt, und daß der Ventilring mit einer kegelförmigen, mit einer Viel­zahl von Durchtrittsöffnungen versehenen Austrittsfläche ver­sehen ist, deren Neigung zur Wärmetauscherlängsachse etwa der Neigung des Sammelkonus entspricht.The solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that the outlet opening of the outlet-side heat exchanger chamber is formed on a collecting cone which interacts with the valve ring, and that the valve ring is provided with a conical outlet surface provided with a plurality of through-openings, the inclination of which The longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone.

Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung wird eine Mischein­richtung geschaffen, bei der der aus den Wärmetauscherrohren austretende Teilstrom durch den Sammelkonus gezielt der Aus­trittsöffnung der endseitigen Kammer zugeführt wird, wobei dieser Teilstrom einen ringförmigen Strömungsquerschnitt passiert, der einerseits durch die Wand des Sammelkonus und andererseits durch den Ventilring gebildet wird. In diesen durch die Neigung des Sammelkonus gezielt zur Austritts­öffnung gerichteten Teilstrom wird derjenige Teilstrom desselben Fluids eingeleitet, der aus dem Überströmrohr aus­tritt. Da dieser Austritt aus einer kegelförmigen Austritts­fläche des Ventilringes erfolgt, deren Neigung zur Wärme­tauscherlängsachse etwa der Neigung des Sammelkonus ent­spricht, ergibt sich eine intensive Vermischung der beiden Teilströme innerhalb einer kurzen Mischstrecke. Zu diesem Zweck ist die kegelförmige Austrittsfläche mit einer Vielzahl von Durchtrittsöffnungen versehen, die das aus dem Überström­rohr austretende Fluid in eine Vielzahl kleiner Strömungs­fäden aufteilt, die verteilt über den ringförmigen Strömungs­querschnitt zwischen Sammelkonus und kegelförmiger Austritts­fläche in den aus den Wärmetauscherrohren kommenden Teilstrom eingemischt werden. Es erfolgt somit sowohl eine intensive als auch eine verlustarme Durchmischung der beiden Teilströme innerhalb einer sehr kurzen Mischstrecke, so daß für den Mischvorgang nur ein geringer Raumbedarf besteht.With this embodiment according to the invention, a mixing device is created in which the partial flow emerging from the heat exchanger tubes is specifically fed through the collecting cone to the outlet opening of the end chamber, this partial flow passing through an annular flow cross section which is formed on the one hand by the wall of the collecting cone and on the other hand by the valve ring becomes. The partial flow of the same fluid that emerges from the overflow pipe is introduced into this partial flow directed towards the outlet opening by the inclination of the collecting cone. Since this outlet takes place from a conical outlet surface of the valve ring, the inclination of which to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger roughly corresponds to the inclination of the collecting cone, this results in intensive mixing of the two partial flows within a short mixing section. For this purpose, the conical outlet surface is provided with a large number of through openings which divide the fluid emerging from the overflow pipe into a large number of small flow threads, which are distributed over the annular flow cross section between the collecting cone and the conical outlet surface and are mixed into the partial flow coming from the heat exchanger pipes. This results in both intensive and low-loss mixing of the two partial flows within a very short mixing section, so that the mixing process takes up little space.

Die mengenmäßige Veränderung der beiden Teilströme kann - wie bekannt - durch eine Verstellung einerseits des Ventilringes gegenüber dem Sammelkonus und andererseits des Ventiltellers gegenüber dem Überströmrohr erfolgen, so daß eine vorgegebene Austrittstemperatur eines der beiden am Wärmeaustausch teil­nehmenden Fluids innerhalb enger Grenzen konstant gehalten werden kann.The quantitative change in the two partial flows can - as is known - be carried out by adjusting the valve ring relative to the collecting cone on the one hand and the valve plate relative to the overflow pipe on the other hand, so that a predetermined outlet temperature of one of the two fluids participating in the heat exchange can be kept constant within narrow limits.

Bei einer bevorzugten Weiterbildung der Erfindung wird die austrittseitige Kammer durch den Sammelkonus gebildet, dessen Austrittsöffnung zugleich als Austrittstutzen des Wärme­tauschers ausgeführt ist. Sofern ein ausreichend großer Raum zur Verfügung steht und/oder nach der Mischstrecke eine Art Beruhigungszone ausgebildet werden soll, kann der Sammelkonus gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung auch innerhalb der austrittseitigen Kammer angeordnet sein, die ihrerseits mit einem Austrittstutzen versehen ist.In a preferred development of the invention, the outlet-side chamber is formed by the collecting cone, the outlet opening of which is at the same time designed as an outlet connection of the heat exchanger. If a sufficiently large space is available and / or a type of calming zone is to be formed after the mixing section, the collecting cone can, according to a further feature of the invention, also be arranged within the outlet-side chamber, which in turn is provided with an outlet nozzle.

Auf der Zeichnung sind zwei Ausführungsbeispiele des er­findungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers dargestellt, und zwar zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines schematisch dargestellten Wärmetauschers,
  • Fig. 2 eine vergrößerte Darstellung der Ventilanordnung nach Fig.1 und
  • Fig. 3 eine der Fig.2 entsprechende Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
Two exemplary embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention are shown in the drawing, namely:
  • 1 shows a longitudinal section through an embodiment of a schematically illustrated heat exchanger,
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of the valve assembly of Fig.1 and
  • 3 a representation corresponding to FIG. 2 of a second embodiment.

Der in Fig.1 verkürzt dargestellte Wärmetauscher hat ein zylindrisches Gehäuse 1, an dessen einem Ende eine mit einer Isolierung 2a versehene Eintrittskammer 2 für das wärmeab­gebende Fluid F₁ angeordnet ist. Dieses Fluid F₁ wird durch Wärmetauscherrohre 3 geführt, die sich zwischen der Eintrittskammer 2 und einer austrittseitigen Kammer 4 er­strecken. Das abgekühlte Fluid F₁ verläßt die austrittseitige Kammer 4 durch einen Austrittstutzen 4a. Das wärmeaufnehmende Fluid F₂ wird dem die Wärmetauscherrohre 3 umgebenden Gehäuse 1 durch einen Stutzen 1a zugeführt. Es beaufschlagt die Wärmetauscherrohre von außen und verläßt nach seiner Auf­heizung das Gehäuse 1 durch einen Stutzen 1b.The shortened heat exchanger shown in Fig.1 has a cylindrical housing 1, at one end of which an inlet chamber 2 with insulation 2a for the heat-emitting fluid F 1 is arranged. This fluid F₁ is passed through heat exchanger tubes 3, which extend between the inlet chamber 2 and an outlet-side chamber 4. The cooled fluid F₁ leaves the outlet chamber 4 through an outlet 4a. The heat-absorbing fluid F₂ is supplied to the housing 1 surrounding the heat exchanger tubes 3 through a nozzle 1a. It acts on the heat exchanger tubes from the outside and, after being heated, leaves the housing 1 through a connector 1b.

Die Eintrittskammer 2 und die austrittseitige Kammer 4 sind miteinander parallel zu den Wärmetauscherrohren 3 durch ein Überströmrohr 5 verbunden, das mit einer Isolierung 5a ver­sehen ist. Am austrittseitigen Ende dieses Überströmrohres 5 ist eine Ventilanordnung ausgebildet, die vergrößert in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt ist.The inlet chamber 2 and the outlet-side chamber 4 are connected to one another parallel to the heat exchanger tubes 3 by an overflow tube 5, which is provided with insulation 5a. At the outlet end of this overflow pipe 5, a valve arrangement is formed, which is shown enlarged in Figures 2 and 3.

Diese Ventilanordnung umfaßt einen Ventilteller 6, mit dem in der einen Endstellung der Strömungsquerschnitt des Überström­rohres 5 vollständig verschlossen werden kann und der an einer Ventilstange 7 angeordnet ist. An dieser Ventilstange 7 ist weiterhin ein Ventilring 8 befestigt, der von dem das Überströmrohr 5 verlassenden Fluid F₁ durchströmt wird und der in der anderen Endstellung der Ventilanordnung eine Austrittsöffnung 9 verschließt, die in einem Sammelkonus 10 ausgebildet ist. Dieser Sammelkonus 10 ist derart in der aus­trittseitigen Kammer 4 angeordnet, daß die Austrittsöffnungen sämtlicher Wärmetauscherrohre 3 innerhalb des Sammelkonus 10 münden. Auf diese Weise wird der Sammelkonus 10 und seine Austrittsöffnung 9 von der Gesamtheit desjenigen Anteils des Fluids F₁ durchströmt, das aus den Wärmetauscherrohren 3 aus­tritt.This valve arrangement comprises a valve plate 6, with which the flow cross section of the overflow pipe 5 can be completely closed in one end position and which is arranged on a valve rod 7. On this valve rod 7, a valve ring 8 is also attached, which is flowed through by the fluid F 1 leaving the overflow pipe 5 and which closes an outlet opening 9 in the other end position of the valve arrangement, which is formed in a collecting cone 10. This collecting cone 10 is arranged in the outlet-side chamber 4 in such a way that the outlet openings of all the heat exchanger tubes 3 open out inside the collecting cone 10. In this way, the collection cone 10 and its outlet opening 9 flows through the entirety of that portion of the fluid F 1 that exits the heat exchanger tubes 3.

Die Ventilstange 7 wird von einem Stellmotor 11 betätigt, der auf der Außenseite der austrittseitigen Kammer 4 angeordnet ist. Mittels dieses Stellmotors 11 kann die Ventilstange 7 in zwei Endstellungen und sämtliche Zwischenstellungen überführt werden. In der einen Endstellung verschließt der Ventilteller 6 den gesamten Querschnitt des Überströmrohres 5. In dieser Endstellung strömt das wärmeabgebende Fluid F₁ insgesamt durch die Wärmetauscherrohre 3; es gelangt in den Sammelkonus 10 und verläßt diesen durch die Austrittsöffnung 9. In der anderen Endstellung gibt der Ventilteller 6 den Strömungs­querschnitt des Überströmrohres 5 frei, wogegen der Ventil­ ring 8 am Sammelkonus 10 in einem Bereich anliegt, der die Austrittsöffnung 9 umgibt. Auf diese Weise werden die Wärme­tauscherrohre 3 auf ihrer Austrittsseite durch den Rückstau verschlossen; das wärmeabgebende Fluid F₁ strömt vollständig durch das Überströmrohr 5 und gelangt durch das Innere des Ventilringes 8 in die Austrittsöffnung 9. Da das Überström­rohr 5 mit einer Isolierung 5a versehen ist, wird in dieser Endstellung ein Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem wärmeabgebenden Fluid F₁ und dem wärmeaufnehmenden Fluid F₂ nahezu ver­hindert.The valve rod 7 is actuated by a servomotor 11 which is arranged on the outside of the outlet-side chamber 4. By means of this servomotor 11, the valve rod 7 can be transferred into two end positions and all intermediate positions. In one end position, the valve plate 6 closes the entire cross section of the overflow pipe 5. In this end position, the heat-emitting fluid F 1 flows through the heat exchanger pipes 3; it enters the collecting cone 10 and leaves it through the outlet opening 9. In the other end position, the valve plate 6 releases the flow cross section of the overflow pipe 5, whereas the valve ring 8 rests on the collecting cone 10 in an area which surrounds the outlet opening 9. In this way, the heat exchanger tubes 3 are closed on their outlet side by the backwater; the heat-emitting fluid F₁ flows completely through the overflow pipe 5 and passes through the interior of the valve ring 8 into the outlet opening 9. Since the overflow pipe 5 is provided with insulation 5a, heat exchange between the heat-emitting fluid F₁ and the heat-absorbing fluid F₂ is in this end position almost prevented.

Durch die Zwischenstellungen, die stufenlos zwischen diesen beiden voranstehend beschriebenen Endstellungen mittels des Stellmotors 11 über die Ventilstange 7 eingestellt werden können, kann diejenige Teilmenge vorbestimmt werden, die am Wärmeaustausch teilnimmt, wogegen die andere Teilmenge nahezu vom Wärmeaustausch ausgeschlossen wird. Die voranstehend be­schriebene Ventilanordnung kann demzufolge dazu benutzt werden, entweder die Austrittstemperatur des Fluids F₁ oder des Fluids F₂ in engen Grenzen zu regeln.Due to the intermediate positions, which can be continuously adjusted between these two end positions described above by means of the servomotor 11 via the valve rod 7, that part of the quantity which takes part in the heat exchange can be predetermined, whereas the other part is almost excluded from the heat exchange. The valve assembly described above can therefore be used to control either the outlet temperature of the fluid F₁ or the fluid F₂ within narrow limits.

Um eine gute Durchmischung derjenigen Teilmenge des wärmeab­gebenden Fluids F₁, die aus den Wärmetauscherrohren 3 aus­tritt, mit der Teilmenge zu bewirken, die das Überströmrohr 5 verläßt, ist der Ventilring 8 mit einer kegelförmigen, mit einer Vielzahl von Durchtrittsöffnungen 8b versehenen Aus­trittsfläche 8a versehen, deren Neigung zur Wärmetauscher­längsachse etwa der Neigung des Sammelkonus 10 zu dieser Wärmetauscherlängsachse entspricht. Auf diese Weise wird - wie in den Figuren 2 und 3 zu erkennen - eine gute Durch­mischung der beiden Teilströme erzeugt, bevor diese die Aus­trittsöffnung 9 des Sammelkonus 10 verlassen. Die aus dem Überströmrohr 5 austretende Teilmenge wird durch die Durch­trittsöffnungen 8b in der Art einer Dusche in den gebündelten Teilstrom eingedüst, der aus dem Sammelkonus 10 austritt. Auf diese Weise wird verhindert, daß aus der Austrittsöffnung 9 Strähnen des wärmeabgebenden Fluids F₁ mit sehr unterschied­licher Temperatur austreten. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 1 und 2 ist die austrittseitige Kammer 4 deshalb lediglich zur Vergleichmäßigung der Strömung vorgesehen, ohne daß in dieser austrittseitigen Kammer 4 eine Vermischung der beiden Teilströme des wärmeabgebenden Fluids F₁ stattfindet.In order to bring about a thorough mixing of that portion of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 that emerges from the heat exchanger tubes 3 with the portion that leaves the overflow tube 5, the valve ring 8 is provided with a conical outlet surface 8 a, which is provided with a plurality of through openings 8 b Inclination to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone 10 to this longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. In this way - as can be seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 - good mixing of the two partial flows is produced before they leave the outlet opening 9 of the collecting cone 10. The partial quantity emerging from the overflow pipe 5 is bundled through the through openings 8b in the manner of a shower Partial stream injected, which emerges from the collecting cone 10. In this way it is prevented that 9 strands of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 emerge from the outlet opening at very different temperatures. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the outlet-side chamber 4 is therefore only provided to make the flow more uniform, without mixing of the two partial flows of the heat-emitting fluid F 1 taking place in this outlet-side chamber 4.

Durch die intensive Vermischung der beiden Teilströme des Fluids F₁ im Bereich der Austrittsöffnung 9 ist es möglich, gemäß der Ausführungsform nach Fig.3 vollständig auf die aus­trittseitige Kammer 4 zu verzichten und den Austrittstutzen 4a unmittelbar an die Austrittsöffnung 9 anzuschließen, wie dies Fig.3 zeigt. Ansonsten entspricht die Ventilanordnung beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig.3 der Ventilanordnung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2.Due to the intensive mixing of the two partial flows of the fluid F 1 in the region of the outlet opening 9, it is possible, according to the embodiment according to FIG. 3, to dispense entirely with the outlet-side chamber 4 and to connect the outlet port 4 a directly to the outlet opening 9, as shown in FIG. 3 shows. Otherwise, the valve arrangement in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3 corresponds to the valve arrangement in the first exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Bezugszeichenliste:Reference symbol list:

  • F₁ wärmeabgebendes FluidF₁ heat releasing fluid
  • F₂ wärmeaufnehmendes FluidF₂ heat absorbing fluid
  • 1 Gehäuse1 housing
  • 1a Stutzen1a nozzle
  • 1b Stutzen1b nozzle
  • 2 Eintrittskammer2 entry chamber
  • 2a Isolierung2a insulation
  • 3 Wärmetauscherrohr3 heat exchanger tube
  • 4 austrittseitige Kammer4 exit chamber
  • 4a Austrittstutzen4a outlet connection
  • 5 Überströmrohr5 overflow pipe
  • 5a Isolierung5a insulation
  • 6 Ventilteller6 valve plates
  • 7 Ventilstange7 valve rod
  • 8 Ventilring8 valve ring
  • 8a Austrittsfläche8a exit surface
  • 8b Durchtrittsöffnung8b passage opening
  • 9 Austrittsöffnung9 outlet opening
  • 10 Sammelkonus10 collecting cone
  • 11 Stellmotor11 servomotor

Claims (3)

1. Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Abhitze-Dampferzeuger, mit zwischen zwei endseitigen Kammern verlaufenden Wärme­tauscherrohren, die von einem am Wärmeaustausch be­teiligten Fluid durchströmt und von einem anderen, dem die Wärmetauscherrohre umgebenden Gehäuse zugeführten Fluid angeströmt werden, sowie mit einem die Kammern parallel zu den Wärmetauscherrohren verbindenden Überströmrohr, durch das insbesondere zur Aufrechterhaltung einer vorgebbaren Ausstrittstemperatur eines der beiden Fluids ein veränder­licher Teilstrom des zwischen den Kammern strömenden Fluids unter wesentlicher Vermeidung des Wärmeaustauschs mit dem anderen Fluid hindurchführbar ist und das zur Ver­änderung seines Strömungsquerschnitts mit einer Ventil­anordnung versehen ist, die einen den Strömungsquerschnitt des Überströmrohres in der einen Endstellung der Ventil­anordnung verschließenden Ventilteller und einen mit dem Ventilteller über eine Ventilstange verbundenen Ventilring umfaßt, der von dem das Überströmrohr verlassenden Fluid durchströmt wird und in der anderen Endstellung der Ventilanordnung eine in der austrittseitigen Kammer ausge­bildete Öffnung für das aus den Wärmetauscherrohren aus­tretende Fluid verschließt,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Austrittsöffnung (9) an einem Sammelkonus (10) ausgebildet ist, der mit dem Ventilring (8) zusammenwirkt, und daß der Ventilring (8) mit einer kegelförmigen, mit einer Vielzahl von Durchtrittsöffnungen (8b) versehenen Austrittsfläche (8a) versehen ist, deren Neigung zur Wärmetauscherlängsachse etwa der Neigung des Sammelkonus (10) entspricht.1. Heat exchanger, in particular waste heat steam generator, with heat exchanger tubes running between two end chambers, through which a fluid involved in the heat exchange flows and flowed against by another fluid supplied to the housing surrounding the heat exchanger tubes, and with a fluid connecting the chambers parallel to the heat exchanger tubes Overflow pipe, through which a variable partial flow of the fluid flowing between the chambers can be passed, in particular to maintain a predeterminable outlet temperature of one of the two fluids, while essentially avoiding heat exchange with the other fluid, and which is provided with a valve arrangement for changing its flow cross-section, which has a flow cross-section of the overflow pipe in the one end position of the valve arrangement closing valve plate and a valve ring connected to the valve plate via a valve rod, which of the fluid flowing through the overflow pipe and in the other end position of the valve arrangement closes an opening formed in the outlet-side chamber for the fluid emerging from the heat exchanger pipes,
characterized,
that the outlet opening (9) is formed on a collecting cone (10) which cooperates with the valve ring (8), and that the valve ring (8) is provided with a conical outlet surface (8a) provided with a plurality of through openings (8b) , whose inclination to the heat exchanger longitudinal axis corresponds approximately to the inclination of the collecting cone (10). 2. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die austrittseitige Kammer (4) durch den Sammelkonus (10) gebildet ist, dessen Austrittsöffnung (9) zugleich als Austrittstutzen (4a) des Wärmetauschers ausgeführt ist.2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet-side chamber (4) is formed by the collecting cone (10), the outlet opening (9) of which is also designed as an outlet connection (4a) of the heat exchanger. 3. Wärmetauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sammelkonus (10) innerhalb der austrittseitigen Kammer (4) angeordnet ist, die ihrerseits mit einem Austritt­stutzen (4a) versehen ist.3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting cone (10) is arranged within the outlet-side chamber (4), which in turn is provided with an outlet connection (4a).
EP19890112632 1988-09-06 1989-07-11 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0357907B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883830248 DE3830248C1 (en) 1988-09-06 1988-09-06
DE3830248 1988-09-06

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EP0357907A1 true EP0357907A1 (en) 1990-03-14
EP0357907B1 EP0357907B1 (en) 1991-11-13

Family

ID=6362368

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EP (1) EP0357907B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3830248C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2027812T3 (en)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0617230A1 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
EP0690262A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-03 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
WO1999064806A1 (en) * 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Alstom Uk Ltd. Heat exchanger
WO2004083761A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-30 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Device for inflowing in the stream area of a tube carrier plate of a heat exchanges provided with a tube bundle
EP1793189A2 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Waste heat boiler
WO2007068343A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-21 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Device for influencing the flow in the region of a tube support plate of a tubular heat exchanger
WO2012041344A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
WO2013167180A1 (en) 2012-05-09 2013-11-14 Haldor Topsøe A/S Waste heat boiler with bypass and mixer
WO2021141484A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-15 Citech Energy Recovery System Malaysia Sdn Bhd Heat exchanger

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1303092A (en) * 1970-08-29 1973-01-17
GB1333980A (en) * 1972-07-28 1973-10-17 Clarke Chapman John Thompson L Boiler
DE2846455B1 (en) * 1978-10-23 1979-10-31 Borsig Gmbh Tube bundle heat exchanger with a constant outlet temperature of one of the two media

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1303092A (en) * 1970-08-29 1973-01-17
GB1333980A (en) * 1972-07-28 1973-10-17 Clarke Chapman John Thompson L Boiler
DE2846455B1 (en) * 1978-10-23 1979-10-31 Borsig Gmbh Tube bundle heat exchanger with a constant outlet temperature of one of the two media

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5452686A (en) * 1993-03-26 1995-09-26 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
EP0617230A1 (en) * 1993-03-26 1994-09-28 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
EP0690262A1 (en) * 1994-06-29 1996-01-03 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
US5852990A (en) * 1994-06-29 1998-12-29 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
WO1999064806A1 (en) * 1998-06-08 1999-12-16 Alstom Uk Ltd. Heat exchanger
US6302191B1 (en) 1998-06-08 2001-10-16 Alstom Uk Limited Heat exchanger
WO2004083761A1 (en) * 2003-03-17 2004-09-30 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Device for inflowing in the stream area of a tube carrier plate of a heat exchanges provided with a tube bundle
EP1793189A3 (en) * 2005-12-01 2013-04-17 Alstom Technology Ltd Waste heat boiler
EP1793189A2 (en) * 2005-12-01 2007-06-06 Alstom Technology Ltd Waste heat boiler
WO2007068343A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-21 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Device for influencing the flow in the region of a tube support plate of a tubular heat exchanger
US20090205813A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2009-08-20 Tuchenhagen Dairy Systems Gmbh Device for influencing the flow in the region of a tube support plate of a tube bundle heat exchanger
US9127893B2 (en) 2005-12-13 2015-09-08 Gea Tds Gmbh Device for influencing the flow in the region of a tube support plate of a tube bundle heat exchanger
WO2012041344A1 (en) 2010-09-30 2012-04-05 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler
WO2013167180A1 (en) 2012-05-09 2013-11-14 Haldor Topsøe A/S Waste heat boiler with bypass and mixer
CN104285117A (en) * 2012-05-09 2015-01-14 赫多特普索化工设备公司 Waste heat boiler with bypass and mixer
CN104285117B (en) * 2012-05-09 2016-06-08 赫多特普索化工设备公司 There is the waste heat boiler of bypass and mixing tank
EA026857B1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2017-05-31 Хальдор Топсёэ А/С Waste heat boiler with bypass and mixer
US9739474B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2017-08-22 Haldor Topsoe A/S Waste heat boiler with bypass and mixer
WO2021141484A1 (en) * 2020-01-10 2021-07-15 Citech Energy Recovery System Malaysia Sdn Bhd Heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2027812T3 (en) 1992-06-16
EP0357907B1 (en) 1991-11-13
DE3830248C1 (en) 1990-01-18

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