EP0357595B1 - Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines - Google Patents
Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0357595B1 EP0357595B1 EP87903852A EP87903852A EP0357595B1 EP 0357595 B1 EP0357595 B1 EP 0357595B1 EP 87903852 A EP87903852 A EP 87903852A EP 87903852 A EP87903852 A EP 87903852A EP 0357595 B1 EP0357595 B1 EP 0357595B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- burner
- filter body
- cleaning device
- gas cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
- F01N2230/02—Exhaust filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/02—Fitting monolithic blocks into the housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for diesel engines, with a soot filter unit provided in the exhaust gas line, which has a filter body supported in a housing and regenerable by soot burnup, with an exhaust gas inlet side, an exhaust gas outlet side and in between an outer surface, between the housing and the outer surface of the filter body there is a space, and with a burner with combustion air blower, the hot gas side of which is in flow communication with the space, so that the filter body can be heated to regenerate at least a large part of its outer surface.
- the hot gas of the regeneration burner flows to a first partial area of the outer periphery of the filter body, flows through the filter body transversely to the engine exhaust gas flow direction, and flows from a second, opposite partial area the outer circumference of the filter body.
- the device according to the invention is characterized in that the soot filter unit is simultaneously designed as a muffler with the space as a resonance space which surrounds the filter body in a ring; and that the burner is connected upstream in front of the filter body, so that its hot gas, when the burner is in operation, flows through the filter body both from the inlet side thereof and from the resonance chamber.
- the average or normal exhaust gas temperature range of diesel engines is in the region of 200 to 400 ° C, whereby temperature peaks during operation in the range of the maximum output are not taken into account.
- the "outer surface” is the area of the outer surface of the soot filter that is not the exhaust gas inlet side or the exhaust gas outlet side. It can be provided that due to the selected filter body support, almost this entire outer surface of the filter body is heated from the outside. The external heating usually takes place indirectly through a filter body sheath. The burner is in flow connection with the inflow side of the exhaust soot filter.
- the inventive design of the exhaust soot filter makes available a unit that acts as a muffler and soot filter.
- Exhaust soot filters often have a substantially prismatic shape with an exhaust gas inlet side and an exhaust gas outlet side and a cross section given transversely to the exhaust gas flow direction with a circular shape, elliptical shape, oval shape, rectangular shape, square shape or the like.
- the term “prismatic shape” is also intended to cover geometries in which the exhaust gas inlet side and / or the exhaust gas outlet side are not perpendicular to the flow direction of the soot filter and / or in which the outer (circumferential) surface of the soot filter progressively varies within certain limits in the direction of its flow.
- the filter body by strut-like bracket parts support in its housing with a circumferential distance and at one point provide a flow-preventing barrier in the annular gap between the filter body and the housing.
- ring-like holders which are spaced apart in the direction of flow and which have openings of such a number and size that gas can flow through, and one of which is closed, however, in order to provide the above-mentioned free flow of exhaust gas around the annular gap prevent.
- ring-like and ring gap do not mean “circular”, but are meant in a comprehensive sense and also include, in particular, oval, elliptical and angular configurations that are closed overall in a ring.
- the exhaust gas purification device preferably has, as a filter body, a ceramic monolith with non-continuous flow channels, as is known per se.
- the most common configuration is that the flow channels running essentially in the overall flow direction of the filter body are alternately closed on the inlet side of the filter body and on the outlet side of the filter body, so that the exhaust gas flowing into a flow channel on the inlet side is imperative through the porous wall of the relevant flow channel must pass into one or more adjacent flow channels in order to be able to exit the filter body again on the flow exit side.
- the burner is preferably a burner constructed on the principle of an evaporation burner.
- the burner is provided for regeneration operation during breaks in operation of the diesel engine after a longer diesel engine operating phase.
- the burner is therefore not allowed to run continuously in order to sufficiently increase the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet into the filter body, but prefers an intermittent operation in which the soot filter is regenerated within a very short time during a standstill phase of the diesel engine. It is advantageous to operate the burner with excess air in order to have oxygen in the soot filter for burning off the soot deposited there.
- the design mentioned makes soot burning particularly effective since the hot gases of the burner do not mix with colder diesel engine exhaust.
- the exhaust gas purification device has a control device of the burner, which switches on the combustion air blower and a glow plug to ignite the fuel for the burner at the start of the regeneration operation, switches on a fuel pump of the burner with a time delay, switches off the glow plug after the burner has been ignited, because the glow plug now does not support the glow plug continues to burn, and after a certain time the fuel pump switches off and the combustion air blower continues to run for a short or a long time.
- This control device preferably controls the aforementioned phases of the regeneration operation automatically.
- a sensor which directly or indirectly determines the extent of clogging of the filter body with soot and either provides a signal that a new regeneration is required and / or automatically triggers a regeneration in a suitable manner, preferably when the diesel engine is next stopped.
- the sensor can, for example, respond to the pressure increase in front of the soot filter generated by increasing clogging of the filter body, work on the basis of the measurement of gas flow velocities or the like. It is also possible to work with a device for recording the operating time of the diesel engine since the last regeneration.
- the burner is preferably designed such that it brings the filter body to a regeneration temperature of more than 550 ° C., most preferably more than 600 ° C. or even more than 700 ° C.
- the burner does not have to be in operation for the entire regeneration time, since the soot that has been set on fire burns to the end even without burner support and heat is thereby released.
- the burner is also preferably designed so that a relatively short regeneration time of, depending on the size of the filter body, from a few minutes to about thirty minutes. Temperatures in the region of 850 ° C can occur during the burning of the soot.
- a burner and a combustion air blower are preferably used for the burner, as are already commercially available, in particular from motor vehicle-independent motor vehicle heaters.
- a particularly preferred area of application of the exhaust gas cleaning device according to the invention is vehicles, in particular forklifts, which are used in at least largely closed buildings, for example production halls, warehouses or the like. Soot emissions are particularly troublesome under these operating conditions, and regeneration can be carried out conveniently at the end of each shift, for example.
- the exhaust soot filter 2 shown consists essentially of a housing 4 made of sheet steel with a ceramic, monolithic filter body 6 supported therein.
- the housing 4 is cylindrical in the central region and tapers conically on the left and right to the diameter of an exhaust pipe 8.
- the exhaust gas Flow direction through the soot filter 2 is in the drawing from right to left in accordance with the arrow P, the exhaust gas pipe section feeding from the right coming from a diesel engine and the exhaust pipe pipe section leading to the left leading to the end of the exhaust tract.
- the filter body 6 is also cylindrical and has flow channels 10 which are only indicated in the drawing and which run essentially parallel to the common longitudinal axis 12 of the filter body 6 and the housing 4 and are alternately closed on the right and left.
- an intermediate support 14 made of sheet steel, which is essentially cylindrical with flange regions 16 drawn inwards at the left and right ends.
- the filter body 6 is held axially between the two flange regions 16 by means of resilient intermediate rings 18 made of sufficiently temperature-resistant material. In the radial direction there is a narrow gap between the filter body 6 and the intermediate carrier 14 for reasons of thermal expansion.
- the intermediate carrier 14 is in turn with the aid of two annular holders 20 internally welded to the cylindrical region of the housing 4 so that there is an annular annular gap 22 between the filter body 6 or the intermediate carrier 14 and the housing 4, which is 5 to 20 mm wide radially.
- the two holders 20 are spaced apart in the axial direction and are each closer to an axial end of the intermediate carrier 14 than to the center thereof.
- the holder 20 on the left in the drawing that is to say downstream, is provided with circular openings or openings 24, for example, over its entire circumference. These openings could instead be provided in the right holder 20 in the drawing. It would also be possible; to provide large and numerous openings 24 in the left holder, while only few and small openings are provided in the right holder 20, or vice versa, so that a very small amount of exhaust gas can flow through the annular gap 22 from front to back.
- the annular gap 22 axially between the two holders 20 can also be filled with a sufficiently temperature-resistant, flow-through insulating material, for example basalt wool.
- the soot filter 2 shown and described so far also serves as an exhaust silencer, the annular space 22 representing a resonance space.
- a burner 26 with a combustion air blower 28 is connected to the conical, that is to say the inflow-side region of the housing 4 in the drawing.
- a fuel pump 30 for the fuel of the burner 26, for example diesel oil, and a glow plug 32 for igniting the fuel-air mixture formed in the burner can also be seen.
- a control unit 34 for burner 26 or that of burner 26 and combustion air blower can be seen 28 existing unit.
- the filter body 6 is regenerated, preferably during a break in operation of the diesel engine.
- the combustion air blower 28 and the glow plug 32 are first switched on by means of the control unit 34. After about 30 to 60 s, the fuel metering pump 30 is switched on, which pumps fuel into the combustion chamber of the burner 26. If the combustion has started properly there, which can be determined by flame monitoring, the glow plug 32 is switched off; the combustion air blower 28 continues to run.
- This combustion operation of the burner runs, depending on the size of the soot filter 2, for about 2 to 10 minutes and in the course of this “activation time” a temperature in the order of 600 to 750 ° C. is reached on the filter body 6. Then you can switch off the burner 26, since at this temperature the burning off of the soot on the filter body 6 has started and continues without burner support.
- the oxygen required for this can either be taken from the exhaust tract (which still contains residual oxygen in diesel engines) or can be drawn in through the combustion air blower 28 and the burner 26; but one can also let the combustion air blower 28 continue to run, for example also at a lower level.
- This soot burning takes, depending on the size of the soot filter 2, about 5 to 30 minutes, during which time the temperature on the filter body 6 still slightly increases due to the soot combustion or remains approximately the same or slightly can sink.
- the combustion air blower 28 is in any case left to run for a certain time, for example 2 to 4 minutes, so that the burner 26 no longer has an ignitable fuel-air mixture.
- the control unit 34 is a pressure probe in the space in front of the filter body 6, which responds to increased pressure due to the increasing clogging of the filter body 6 and indicates the need for a new regeneration and / or triggers it automatically, preferably in a subsequent break in operation of the diesel engine, via the control unit 34 .
- the hot gases of the burner 26 can flow into the annular gap 22 after flowing through the filter body 6 and from there also heat the filter body 6 from its outer surface or its outer circumference. This heating has an effect through the intermediate carrier 14. This outer circumferential heating is essential in order to bring the edge parts of the filter body 6 which are difficult to heat up without the described measure to a sufficiently high temperature. If more than two spaced holders 20 are provided, all or all but one of them are provided with openings 24.
- the output of the burner is in the range of 2 to 15 kW, depending on the size of the soot filter 2.
- the soot filter 2 can also have a plurality of filter bodies 6 axially one behind the other, it being sufficient if one wants to rule out an external flow of exhaust gas past all filter bodies - to provide a surrounding exhaust gas flow barrier at only one of the filter bodies.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für Dieselmotoren, mit einer in der Abgasleitung vorgesehenen Rußfiltereinheit, die einen in einem Gehäuse abgestützten, durch Rußabbrand regenerierbaren Filterkörper mit einer Abgaseintrittsseite, einer Abgasaustrittsseite und dazwischen einer Außenoberfläche aufweist, wobei zwischen dem Gehäuse und der Außenoberfläche des Filterkörpers ein Abstandsraum besteht, und mit einem Brenner mit Verbrennungsluftgebläse, dessen Heißgasseite mit dem Abstandsraum in Strömungsverbindung steht, so daß der Filterkörper zum Regenerieren von mindestens einem Großteil seiner Außenoberfläche her aufheizbar ist.The invention relates to an exhaust gas purification device for diesel engines, with a soot filter unit provided in the exhaust gas line, which has a filter body supported in a housing and regenerable by soot burnup, with an exhaust gas inlet side, an exhaust gas outlet side and in between an outer surface, between the housing and the outer surface of the filter body there is a space, and with a burner with combustion air blower, the hot gas side of which is in flow communication with the space, so that the filter body can be heated to regenerate at least a large part of its outer surface.
Im Abgas von Dieselmotoren finden sich in mehr oder weniger hoher Konzentration Rußpartikel, die umweltverschmutzend sind und sogar als potentiell gesundheitsgefährdend gelten, wenn sie in höherer Konzentration in der Atemluft vorhanden sind. Daher sind seit einiger Zelt Bemühungen im Gange, die Abgase von Dieselmotoren durch zumindest weitgehende Entfernung der Rußpartikel zu entgiften. Als technisch erfolgversprechendste Maßnahme hierzu sind Abgas-Rußfilter ins Auge gefaßt worden, die in ihrer Porosität so abgestimmt sind, daß sie die Rußpartikel weitgehend aus dem durchströmenden Abgas zurückhalten. Diese Rußfilter, die wegen der erforderlichen Temperaturfestigkeit gegenüber den üblichen Absastemperaturen von Dieselmotoren häufig aus keramischem Werkstoff bestehen, haben jedoch die Tendenz, sich mit zunehmender Betriebsdauer zuzusetzen. Man hatte gehofft, daß die im Rußfilter abgefangenen Rußpartikel im praktisch gleichen Ausmaß wegbrennen, wie sich neue Rußpartikel ansammeln, insbesondere bei höheren Leistungszuständen des entsprechenden Dieselmotors. Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß sich diese Hoffnung zumindest bei einer Vielzahl von Dieselmotoren nicht erfüllt, insbesondere bei solchen, die nicht oder zu selten in Betriebszuständen mit relativ hohen Abgastemperaturen betrieben werden. Es kommt vielmehr zu einer immer stärkeren Ansammlung von Rußpartikeln im Rußfilter, der damit immer stärker in den Zustand unerwünscht hohen Abgas-Strömungswiderstands kommt.In exhaust gas from diesel engines, there are soot particles in a more or less high concentration that are polluting and are even considered to be potentially hazardous to health if they are present in higher concentrations in the breathing air. For this reason, efforts have been underway for some time now to detoxify the exhaust gases of diesel engines by at least largely removing the soot particles. Exhaust soot filters have been considered as the most technically promising measure for this purpose, and their porosity is adjusted so that they largely retain the soot particles from the exhaust gas flowing through. However, these soot filters, which are often made of ceramic material because of the required temperature resistance compared to the usual sampling temperatures of diesel engines, have the tendency to become clogged with increasing operating time. It was hoped that the soot particles trapped in the soot filter would burn away to the same extent as new soot particles would accumulate, particularly when the corresponding diesel engine was in higher performance. However, it has been shown that this hope is not fulfilled, at least in the case of a large number of diesel engines, in particular those which are not operated or are operated too seldom in operating states with relatively high exhaust gas temperatures. Rather, there is an ever increasing accumulation of Soot particles in the soot filter, which increasingly comes into the state of undesirably high exhaust gas flow resistance.
Bei einer aus dem Dokument EP-A-0 114 696 bekannten Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art strömt das Heißgas des Regenerierungsbrenners einem ersten Teilbereich des Außenumfanges des Filterkörpers zu, durchströmt den Filterkörper quer zu der Motorabgas-Durchströmungsrichtung, und strömt von einem zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Teilbereich des Außenumfanges des Filterkörpers ab.In an exhaust gas purification device of the type mentioned at the beginning, known from document EP-A-0 114 696, the hot gas of the regeneration burner flows to a first partial area of the outer periphery of the filter body, flows through the filter body transversely to the engine exhaust gas flow direction, and flows from a second, opposite partial area the outer circumference of the filter body.
Demgegenüber ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rußfiltereinheit zugleich als Schalldämpfer mit dem Abstandsraum als Resonanzraum ausgebildet ist, der den Filterkörper ringförmig umgibt; und daß der Brenner stromaufwärts vor dem Filterkörper angeschlossen ist, so daß dessen Heißgas beim Betrieb des Brenners den Filterkörper sowohl von dessen Eintrittsseite her durchströmend als auch von dem Resonanzraum her aufheizt.In contrast, the device according to the invention is characterized in that the soot filter unit is simultaneously designed as a muffler with the space as a resonance space which surrounds the filter body in a ring; and that the burner is connected upstream in front of the filter body, so that its hot gas, when the burner is in operation, flows through the filter body both from the inlet side thereof and from the resonance chamber.
Aus der DE-A-2 800 687 ist eine Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für Benzinmotoren bekannt, bei der ein Katalysatorkörper für die katalytische Entgiftung der Abgase auf einem Teil seines Umfangs von einem Abstandsraum umgeben ist und durch diesen Abstandsraum ein Schalldämpfeffekt erzeugt wird. Es ist kein Brenner zum Beaufschlagen des Katalysatorkörpers mit Heißgas vorgesehen.From DE-A-2 800 687 an exhaust gas purification device for gasoline engines is known, in which a catalyst body for the catalytic detoxification of the exhaust gases is surrounded on part of its circumference by a clearance space and a noise reduction effect is generated by this clearance space. There is no burner for charging the catalyst body with hot gas.
Aus dem Dokument EP-A-0158 625 ist eine katalytische Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung für Brennkraftmaschinen bekannt, bei der die Abgase nach Passieren des Katalysatorkörpers und Umlenkung um 180° durch einen schalldämpfenden Ringraum strömen, der den Katalysatorkörper umgibt. Diese Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung ist nicht für Dieselmotoren vorgesehen, so daß sich das Problem der Rußabbrennregenerierung nicht stellt.From document EP-A-0158 625 a catalytic exhaust gas cleaning device for internal combustion engines is known, in which the exhaust gases after passing through the catalyst body and being deflected by 180 ° flow through a sound-absorbing annular space which surrounds the catalyst body. This exhaust gas cleaning device is not intended for diesel engines, so that the problem of soot burning regeneration does not arise.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung - wie prinzipiell aus EP-A-0114 696 bekannt - wird also dafür gesorgt, daß zur Regenerierung des Rußfilters an diesem über die betriebsnormalen Abgastemperaturen hinausgehende Temperaturen herrschen, die einen Rußabbrand ermöglichen, und daß die hinsichtlich der Regenerierung besonders kritischen Randbereiche des Rußfilters von seiner Außenoberfläche her (zusätzlich) aufgeheizt werden.In the device according to the invention - as is known in principle from EP-A-0114 696 - care is therefore taken to ensure that the soot filter is regenerated at temperatures above the normal exhaust gas temperatures which allow soot burn-off and that the peripheral areas are particularly critical with regard to regeneration of the soot filter are (additionally) heated from its outer surface.
Der mittlere bzw. betriebsnormale Abgastemperaturbereich von Dieselmotoren liegt etwa in der Gegend von 200 bis 400° C, wobei Temperaturspitzen bei Betrieb im Bereich der Höchstleistung unberücksichtigt sind. Mit "Außenoberfläche" wird der jenige Bereich der äußeren Oberfläche des Rußfilters bezeichnet, der nicht Abgaseintrittsseite oder Abgasaustrittsseite ist. Es kann Vorgesehen sein, daß aufgrund der gewählten Filterkörperabstützung nahezu diese gesamte Außenoberfläche des Filterkörpers von außen her aufgeheizt wird. Die Außenaufheizung erfolgt in der Regel indirekt durch eine dortise Filterkörperummantelung hindurch. Der Brenner steht mit der Zuströmseite des Abgas-Rußfilters in Strömungsverbindung. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung des Abgas-Rußfilters wird eine kombinativ als Schalldämpfer und Rußfilter wirkende Einheit verfügbar gemacht.The average or normal exhaust gas temperature range of diesel engines is in the region of 200 to 400 ° C, whereby temperature peaks during operation in the range of the maximum output are not taken into account. The "outer surface" is the area of the outer surface of the soot filter that is not the exhaust gas inlet side or the exhaust gas outlet side. It can be provided that due to the selected filter body support, almost this entire outer surface of the filter body is heated from the outside. The external heating usually takes place indirectly through a filter body sheath. The burner is in flow connection with the inflow side of the exhaust soot filter. The inventive design of the exhaust soot filter makes available a unit that acts as a muffler and soot filter.
Abgas-Rußfilter haben häufig eine im wesentlichen prismatische Gestalt mit einer Abgaseintrittsseite und einer Abgasaustrittsseite und einem quer zur Abgas-Durchströmungsrichtung gegebenem Querschnitt mit Kreisform, elliptischer Form, ovaler Form, rechteckiger Form, quadratischer Form oder dergleichen. Der Ausdruck "prismatische Gestalt" soll auch Geometrien decken, bei denen die Abgaseintrittsseite und/oder die Abgasaustrittsseite nicht rechtwinklig zur Durchströmungsrichtung des Rußfilters stehen und/oder bei denen die Außen(umfangs)fläche des Rußfilters in Richtung seiner Durchströmung fortschreitend in gewissen Grenzen variiert.Exhaust soot filters often have a substantially prismatic shape with an exhaust gas inlet side and an exhaust gas outlet side and a cross section given transversely to the exhaust gas flow direction with a circular shape, elliptical shape, oval shape, rectangular shape, square shape or the like. The term “prismatic shape” is also intended to cover geometries in which the exhaust gas inlet side and / or the exhaust gas outlet side are not perpendicular to the flow direction of the soot filter and / or in which the outer (circumferential) surface of the soot filter progressively varies within certain limits in the direction of its flow.
Zur Abstützung des Filterkörpers im Gehäuse des AbgasRußfilters gibt es, insbesondere bei den vorstehend genannten Geometrien, eine ganze Reihe von Möglichkeiten, die eine Aufheizung der Außenoberfläche bzw. des Außenumfangs ermöglichen, wobei jedoch darauf zu achten ist, daß ein äußeres Vorbeiströmen der Abgase an dem Filterkörper zumindest vorzugsweise zu vermeiden ist, um die effektive Abscheidung der Rußpartikel aus dem gesamten Abgasstrom sicherzustellen. So könnte man beispielsweise den Filterkörper durch strebenartige Halterungsteile in seinem Gehäuse mit umlaufendem Abstand abstützen und an einer Stelle eine strömungsverhindernde Barriere in dem Ringspalt zwischen dem Filterkörper und dem Gehäuse vorsehen. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Abstützung des Filterkörpers mittels mehrerer, in Strömungsrichtung beabstandeter, ringartiger Halter, die Durchbrechungen in derartiger Zahl und Größe aufweisen, daß Gas hindurchströmen kann, und von denen jedoch einer geschlossen ist, um die vorstehend angesprochene freie Umströmung des Ringspalts mit Abgas zu verhindern. Es wird darauf hingewiesen, daß die Begriffe "ringartig" und "Ringspalt" keineswegs "kreisringförmig" bedeuten, sondern im umfassenden Sinn gemeint sind und auch insbesondere ovale, elliptische und eckige, insgesamt ringförmig geschlossene Konfigurationen mit umfassen.To support the filter body in the housing of the exhaust soot filter, there are a whole range of options, particularly in the case of the geometries mentioned above, which enable the outer surface or the outer circumference to be heated, but care must be taken to ensure that the exhaust gases flow past the exterior Filter body should at least preferably be avoided in order to ensure the effective separation of the soot particles from the entire exhaust gas flow. So you could, for example, the filter body by strut-like bracket parts support in its housing with a circumferential distance and at one point provide a flow-preventing barrier in the annular gap between the filter body and the housing. It is particularly preferred to support the filter body by means of a plurality of ring-like holders which are spaced apart in the direction of flow and which have openings of such a number and size that gas can flow through, and one of which is closed, however, in order to provide the above-mentioned free flow of exhaust gas around the annular gap prevent. It is pointed out that the terms “ring-like” and “ring gap” do not mean “circular”, but are meant in a comprehensive sense and also include, in particular, oval, elliptical and angular configurations that are closed overall in a ring.
Die erfindungsgemäße Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung weist vorzugsweise als Filterkörper einen keramischen Monolith mit nicht-durchgehenden Strömungskanälen auf, wie er an sich bekannt ist. Die häufigste Konfiguration besteht darin, daß die im wesentlichen in Gesamt-Durchströmungsrichtung des Filterkörpers verlaufenden Strömungskanäle abwechselnd an der Eintrittsseite des Filterkörpers und an der Austrittsseite des Filterkörpers geschlossen sind, so daß das auf der Eintrittsseite in einen Strömungskanal einströmende Abgas zwingend durch die poröse Wand des betreffenden Strömungskanals in einen oder mehrere benachbarte Strömungskanäle übertreten muß, um auf der Strömungsaustrittsseite wieder aus dem Filterkörper austreten zu können.The exhaust gas purification device according to the invention preferably has, as a filter body, a ceramic monolith with non-continuous flow channels, as is known per se. The most common configuration is that the flow channels running essentially in the overall flow direction of the filter body are alternately closed on the inlet side of the filter body and on the outlet side of the filter body, so that the exhaust gas flowing into a flow channel on the inlet side is imperative through the porous wall of the relevant flow channel must pass into one or more adjacent flow channels in order to be able to exit the filter body again on the flow exit side.
Vorzugsweise ist der Brenner ein nach dem Prinzip eines Verdampfungsbrenners aufgebauter Brenner.The burner is preferably a burner constructed on the principle of an evaporation burner.
Nach einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist der Brenner für Regenerierungsbetrieb in Betriebspausen des Dieselmotors jeweils nach einer längeren Dieselmotor-Betriebsphase vorgesehen. Man läßt also nach dieser Ausgestaltung nicht etwa den Brenner ständig mitlaufen, um die Abgastemperatur am Eintritt in den Filterkörper ausreichend zu erhöhen, sondern zieht einen intermittierenden Betrieb vor, bei dem während einer Stillstandsphase des Dieselmotors der Rußfilter innerhalb recht kurzer Zeit regeneriert wird. Dabei ist ein Betrieb des Brenners mit Luftüberschuß günstig, um im Rußfilter Sauerstoff zum Abbrennen des dort abgelagerten Rußes zur Verfügung zu haben. Die genannte Ausgestaltung macht das Rußabbrennen besonders effektiv, da sich die Heißgase des Brenners nicht mit kälterem Dieselmotorabgas mischen.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the burner is provided for regeneration operation during breaks in operation of the diesel engine after a longer diesel engine operating phase. According to this embodiment, the burner is therefore not allowed to run continuously in order to sufficiently increase the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet into the filter body, but prefers an intermittent operation in which the soot filter is regenerated within a very short time during a standstill phase of the diesel engine. It is advantageous to operate the burner with excess air in order to have oxygen in the soot filter for burning off the soot deposited there. The design mentioned makes soot burning particularly effective since the hot gases of the burner do not mix with colder diesel engine exhaust.
Vorzugsweise weist die Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung eine Steuereinrichtung des Brenners auf, die zu Beginn des Regenerierungsbetriebs das Verbrennungsluftgebläse und eine Glühkerze zur Zündung des Brennstoffs für den Brenner einschaltet, mit Zeitverzögerung eine Brennstoffpumpe des Brenners zuschaltet, nach Zünden des Brenners die Glühkerze abschaltet, weil dieser jetzt ohne Glühkerzenunterstützung weiterbrennt, und nach einer gewissen Zeit die Brennstoffpumpe abschaltet und das Verbrennungsluftgebläse noch eine kurze oder eine längere Zeit lang nachlaufen läßt. Diese Steuereinrichtung steuert die genannten Phasen des Regenerierungsbetriebs vorzugsweise automatisch.Preferably, the exhaust gas purification device has a control device of the burner, which switches on the combustion air blower and a glow plug to ignite the fuel for the burner at the start of the regeneration operation, switches on a fuel pump of the burner with a time delay, switches off the glow plug after the burner has been ignited, because the glow plug now does not support the glow plug continues to burn, and after a certain time the fuel pump switches off and the combustion air blower continues to run for a short or a long time. This control device preferably controls the aforementioned phases of the regeneration operation automatically.
Vorzugsweise ist ein Sensor vorgesehen, der das Ausmaß des Zusetzens des Filterkörpers mit Ruß direkt oder indirekt feststellt und entweder ein Signal liefert, daß eine neue Regenerierung erforderlich sei,und/oder in geeigneter Weise selbsttätig eine Regenerierung auslöst, vorzugsweise beim nächsten Stillstand des Dieselmotors. Der Sensor kann beispielsweise auf die durch zunehmendes Zusetzen des Filterkörpers erzeugte Druckerhöhung vor dem Rußfilter ansprechen, auf der Basis der Messung von Gas-Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten arbeiten oder dergleichen. Es ist auch möglich, mit einem Gerät zur Erfassung der Betriebszeit des Dieselmotors seit der letzten Regeneration zu arbeiten.Preferably, a sensor is provided which directly or indirectly determines the extent of clogging of the filter body with soot and either provides a signal that a new regeneration is required and / or automatically triggers a regeneration in a suitable manner, preferably when the diesel engine is next stopped. The sensor can, for example, respond to the pressure increase in front of the soot filter generated by increasing clogging of the filter body, work on the basis of the measurement of gas flow velocities or the like. It is also possible to work with a device for recording the operating time of the diesel engine since the last regeneration.
Vorzugsweise ist der Brenner so ausgelegt, daß er den Filterkörper auf eine Regenerierungstemperatur von mehr als 550° C, höchst vorzugsweise mehr als 600°C oder sogar mehr als 700°C bringt. Der Brenner muß nicht für die gesamte Regenerierungszeit in Betrieb sein, da der einmal in Brand gesetzte Ruß auch ohne Brennerunterstützung noch zu Ende abbrennt und hierbei Wärme frei wird. Der Brenner ist ferner vorzugsweise so ausgelegt, daß man mit einer relativ kurzen Regenerierungszeit von, je nach Größe des Filterkörpers, einigen Minuten bis etwa dreissig Minuten auskommt. Während des Abbrennens des Rußes können Temperaturen in der Gegend von 850°C auftreten.The burner is preferably designed such that it brings the filter body to a regeneration temperature of more than 550 ° C., most preferably more than 600 ° C. or even more than 700 ° C. The burner does not have to be in operation for the entire regeneration time, since the soot that has been set on fire burns to the end even without burner support and heat is thereby released. The burner is also preferably designed so that a relatively short regeneration time of, depending on the size of the filter body, from a few minutes to about thirty minutes. Temperatures in the region of 850 ° C can occur during the burning of the soot.
Vorzugsweise setzt man einen Brenner und ein Verbrennungsluftgebläse für den Brenner ein, wie sie bereits handelsüblich verfügbar sind, insbesondere von motorunabhängigen Kraftfahrzeug-Heizgeräten her.A burner and a combustion air blower are preferably used for the burner, as are already commercially available, in particular from motor vehicle-independent motor vehicle heaters.
Ein besonders bevorzugtes Einsatzgebiet der erfindungsgemäßen Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung sind Fahrzeuge, insbesondere Gabelstapler, die in mindestens weitgehend geschlossenen Gebäuden, beispielsweise Fabrikationshallen, Lagerhallen oder dergleichen, eingesetzt werden. Bei diesen Einsatzbedingungen ist Rußausstoß ganz besonders störend, und man kann beispielsweise jeweils bei Schichtende bequem die Regenerierung vornehmen.A particularly preferred area of application of the exhaust gas cleaning device according to the invention is vehicles, in particular forklifts, which are used in at least largely closed buildings, for example production halls, warehouses or the like. Soot emissions are particularly troublesome under these operating conditions, and regeneration can be carried out conveniently at the end of each shift, for example.
Die Erfindung und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand eines zeichnerisch dargestellten, bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels noch näher erläutert. Die einzige Zeichnung zeigt einen Längsschnitt eines Abgas-Rußfilters und einen angeschlossenen brenner.The invention and further developments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The only drawing shows a longitudinal section of an exhaust soot filter and a connected burner.
Der dargestellte Abgas-Rußfilter 2 besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Gehäuse 4 aus Stahlblech mit darin abgestütztem, keramischem, monolithischem Filterkörper 6. Das Gehäuse 4 ist im mittleren Bereich zylindrisch und verjüngt sich links und rechts konisch auf den Durchmesser einer Abgasleitung 8. Die Abgas-Durchströmungsrichtung durch den Rußfilter 2 ist in der Zeichnung von rechts nach links entsprechend dem Pfeil P, wobei der von rechts zuführende Abgasleitungsabschnitt von einem Dieselmotor kommt und der nach links abgehende Abgasleitungsabschnitt zum Ende des Auspufftraktes führt. Der Filterkörper 6 ist ebenfalls zylindrisch und weist zeichnerisch nur angedeutete Strömungskanäle 10 auf, die im wesentlichen parallel zur gemeinsamen Längsachse 12 des Filterkörpers 6 und des Gehäuses 4 verlaufen und abwechselnd rechts und links geschlossen sind.The exhaust soot filter 2 shown consists essentially of a housing 4 made of sheet steel with a ceramic,
Man erkennt ferner einen Zwischenträger 14 aus Stahlblech, der im we sentlichen zylindrisch mit am linken und am rechten Ende nach innen gezogenen Flanschbereichen 16 ist. Der Filterkörper 6 ist mittels federnd nachgiebiger Zwischenringe 18 aus hinreichend temperaturfestem Material axial zwischen den beiden Flanschbereichen 16 gehalten. In Radialrichtung besteht aus Gründen der Wärmedehnfähigkeit ein enger Spalt zwischen dem Filterkörper 6 und dem Zwischenträger 14. Der Zwischenträger 14 ist seinerseits mit hilfe von zwei kreisringförmigen Haltern 20 innen an dem zylindrischen Bereich des Gehäuses 4 festgeschweißt, so daß ein kreisringförmiger Ringspalt 22 zwischen dem Filterkörper 6 bzw. dem Zwischenträger 14 und dem Gehäuse 4 besteht, der radial 5 bis 20 mm breit ist. Die beiden Halter 20 sind in Axialrichtung beabstandet und befinden sich jeweils näher an einem Axialende des Zwischenträgers 14 als an dessen Mitte.One can also see an
Der in der Zeichnung linke, also strömungsabwärts liegende Halter 20 ist über seinen gesamten Umfang mit beispielsweise kreisförmigen Öffnungen oder Durchbrechungen 24 versehen. Diese Durchbrechungen könnten stattdessen auch im in der Zeichnung rechten Halter 20 vorgesehen sein. Es wäre auch möglich; im linken Halter große und zahlreiche Durchrechungen 24 vorzusehen, während man im rechten Halter 20 nur wenige und kleine Durchbrechungen vorsieht, oder umgekehrt, so daß eine sehr kleine Abgasmenge durch den Ringspalt 22 von vorn bis hinten hindurchströmen kann. Der Ringspalt 22 axial zwischen den beiden Haltern 20 kann auch mit einem ausreichend temperaturfesten, durchströmbaren Dämm-Material, beispielsweise Basaltwolle, ausgefüllt sein. Der gezeichnete und bisher beschriebene Rußfilter 2 dient zugleich als Auspuff-Schalldämpfer, wobei der Ringraum 22 einen Resonanzraum darstellt.The
An den in der Zeichnung rechten, konischen, also zuströmseitigen Bereich des Gehäuses 4 ist ein Brenner 26 mit Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 angeschlossen. Ferner erkennt man eine Brennstoffpumpe 30 für den Brennstoff des Brenners 26, beispielsweise Dieselöl,und eine Glühkerze 32 zum Entzünden des im Brenner gebildeten Brennstoff-Luft-Gemischs. Schließlich erkennt man eine Steuereinheit 34 für den Brenner 26 bzw. die aus Brenner 26 und Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 bestehende Einheit.A
Wenn der Rußfilter 6 nach mehrstündigem Betrieb des Dieselmotors in erheblichem Ausmaß mit Rußpartikeln zugesetzt ist, wird, vorzugsweise in einer Betriebspause des Dieselmotors, eine Regenerierung des Filterkörpers 6 durchgeführt. Hierzu wird mittels der Steuereinheit 34 zunächst das Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 und die Glühkerze 32 eingeschaltet. Nach etwa 30 bis 60 s wird die Brennstoff-Dosierpumpe 30 zugeschaltet, die Brennstoff in die Brennkammer des Brenners 26 fördert. Wenn dort die Verbrennung ordnungsgemäß in Gang gekommen ist, was durch eine Flammüberwachung festgestellt werden kann, wird die Glühkerze 32 abgeschaltet; das Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 läuft weiter. Dieser Verbrennungsbetrieb des Brenners läuft, je nach Größe des Rußfilters 2, etwa 2 bis 10 min und im Verlauf dieser "Aktivierungszeit" wird am Filterkörper 6 eine Temperatur in der Größenordnung von 600 bis 750° C erreicht. Dann kann man den Brenner 26 abschalten, da bei dieser Temperatur das Abbrennen des Rußes am Filterkörper 6 in Gang gekommen ist und auch ohne Brennerunterstützung weiterläuft. Der hierfür erforderliche Sauerstoff kann entweder aus dem Auspufftrakt entnommen werden (der ja bei Dieselmotoren noch Restsauerstoff enthält) oder kann durch das Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 und den Brenner 26 hindurch angesaugt werden; man kann aber auch das Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 noch, beispielsweise auch auf niedrigerer Stufe, weiterlaufen lassen. Dieses Rußabbrennen dauert, je nach Größe des Rußfilters 2, etwa 5 bis 30 Minuten, während welcher Zeit die Temperatur am Filterkörper 6 durch die Rußverbrennung noch leicht ansteigen oder in etwa gleichbleiben oder leicht absinken kann. Nach dem beschriebenen Abschalten des Brenners 26 durch Abschalten der Brennstoff-Dosierpumpe 30 läßt man das Verbrennungsluftgebläse 28 auf jeden Fall noch eine gewisse Zeit, beispielsweise 2 bis 4 min nachlaufen, um im Brenner 26 kein zündfähiges Brennstoff-Luft-Gemisch mehr zu haben.If the
Mit 34 ist eine Drucksonde im Raum vor dem Filterkörper 6 bezeichnet, die auf durch zunehmendes Zusetzen des Filterkörpers 6 erhöhten Druck anspricht und die Notwendigkeit einer neuen Regenerierung anzeigt und/oder diese, vorzugsweise in einer nachfolgenden Betriebspause des Dieselmotors, über die Steuereinheit 34 selbsttätig auslöst.34 is a pressure probe in the space in front of the
Aufgrund der Durchbrechungen 24 in dem linken Halter 20 können die Heißgase des Brenners 26 nach Durchströmen des Filterkörpers 6 in den Ringspalt 22 gelangen und von dort aus den Filterkörper 6 auch von seiner Außenoberfläche bzw. seinem Außenumfang her aufheizen. Diese Aufheizung wirkt sich durch den Zwischenträger 14 hindurch aus. Diese Außenumfangsaufheizung ist wesentlich, um gerade die ohne die beschriebene Maßnahme schwer aufheizbaren Randpartien des Filterkörpers 6 auf genügend hohe Temperatur zu bringen. Wenn mehr als zwei beabstandete Halter 20 vorgesehen sind, werden alle oder alle bis auf einen mit Durchbrechungen 24 ausgestattet.Due to the
Die Leistung des Brenners beträgt in der Gegend von 2 bis 15 kW, je nach Größe des Rußfilters 2.The output of the burner is in the range of 2 to 15 kW, depending on the size of the soot filter 2.
Der Rußfilter 2 kann auch axial hintereinander mehrere Filterkörper 6 aufweisen, wobei es ausreicht - wenn man ein äußeres Vorbeiströmen von Abgas an allen Filterkörpern vorbei ausschließen will - an nur einem der Filterkörper eine umgebende Abgasströmungssperre vorzusehen.The soot filter 2 can also have a plurality of
Claims (12)
characterized in
that the soot filter unit (2) at the same time is designed as a sound absorber with the distance space (22) as a resonance space annularly surrounding the filter body (6); and in that the burner (26) is connected upstream in front of the filter body (6) such that the hot gas thereof during operation of the burner (26) heats the filter body (6) upon flowing therethrough from the entry side thereof, as well as from the resonance space (22).
characterized in that
an enclosure (14) is provided on the outer surface of the filter body (6), the resonance space (22) being formed between the housing (4) and the enclosure (14).
characterized by
gas-permeable insulating material in the resonance space (22).
characterized in that
several spaced ring-like holders (20) are provided for supporting the filter body (6) in the housing (4);
and in that, with the exception of one closed holder (20), the other holder or holders (20) have flow openings (24).
characterized in that
the filter body (6) is a ceramic monolith with discontinuous flow channels (10).
characterized in that
the filter body (6) is of substantially prismatic configuration having a circular cross-section or a cross-section that is rounded in non-circular manner.
characterized in that
the burner (26) is a vaporizing burner.
characterized in that
the burner (26) is provided for regenerative operation in the operational pauses of the diesel engine after several diesel engine operating hours each.
characterized by
a control means (34) of the burner (26) which, at the beginning of the regenerative operation, turns on the combustion air fan (28) and a glow plug (32), additionally turns on a fuel pump (30) of the burner (26) in time-delayed manner, turns off the glow plug (32) after ignition of the burner (26) and, after a certain time, turns off the fuel pump (30) and allows the combustion air fan (28) to stay in operation for a short or a longer period of time.
characterized in that
the burner (26) is designed such that it brings the filter body (6) to a regeneration temperature of more than 550°C.
characterized in that
a sensor (36) is provided which detects the amount of soot clogging of the filter body (6) and delivers a regeneration signal and/or triggers regeneration.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545437 DE3545437A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1985-12-20 | EXHAUST GAS CLEANING DEVICE FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0357595A1 EP0357595A1 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
| EP0357595B1 true EP0357595B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
Family
ID=6289165
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP87903852A Expired - Lifetime EP0357595B1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-12 | Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0357595B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3545437A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2009335C1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA12339A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988009865A1 (en) |
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| RU2677745C1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-21 | Андрей Геннадьевич Бояренок | Diesel internal combustion engine exhaust gases cleaning device |
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| US4393652A (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1983-07-19 | Munro John H | Exhaust system for internal combustion engines |
| DE3121274A1 (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1982-12-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for cleaning a filter for an exhaust system of a heat engine |
| US4419108A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-12-06 | Corning Glass Works | Filter apparatus and method of filtering |
| US4419113A (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1983-12-06 | General Motors Corporation | Diesel exhaust particulate trap with axially stacked filters |
| JPS5925024A (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1984-02-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Exhaust gas purging device of diesel engine |
| EP0114696B1 (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1988-12-28 | Hitachi, Ltd. | A method and a device for exhaust emission control for diesel engines |
| US4625511A (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-12-02 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Exhaust processor |
| DE3516442A1 (en) * | 1985-05-08 | 1986-11-13 | Jörg Prof. Dipl.-Ing.(FH) 7072 Heubach Linser | Silencer |
-
1985
- 1985-12-20 DE DE19853545437 patent/DE3545437A1/en active Granted
-
1987
- 1987-06-12 WO PCT/DE1987/000270 patent/WO1988009865A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-06-12 EP EP87903852A patent/EP0357595B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-12 DE DE8787903852T patent/DE3776353D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-12-12 RU SU894742860A patent/RU2009335C1/en active
- 1989-12-12 UA UA4742860A patent/UA12339A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| UA12339A (en) | 1996-12-25 |
| DE3545437A1 (en) | 1987-07-02 |
| DE3776353D1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
| DE3545437C2 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| RU2009335C1 (en) | 1994-03-15 |
| WO1988009865A1 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
| EP0357595A1 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
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