EP0357595A1 - Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines. - Google Patents
Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines.Info
- Publication number
- EP0357595A1 EP0357595A1 EP87903852A EP87903852A EP0357595A1 EP 0357595 A1 EP0357595 A1 EP 0357595A1 EP 87903852 A EP87903852 A EP 87903852A EP 87903852 A EP87903852 A EP 87903852A EP 0357595 A1 EP0357595 A1 EP 0357595A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust gas
- burner
- filter body
- purification device
- gas purification
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
- F01N2230/02—Exhaust filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
- F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2390/00—Arrangements for controlling or regulating exhaust apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2450/00—Methods or apparatus for fitting, inserting or repairing different elements
- F01N2450/02—Fitting monolithic blocks into the housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines, which has an exhaust soot filter with a filter body supported in a housing, which regenerates itself through soot combustion when its temperature rises above the mean operating exhaust gas temperature range.
- soot particles are found in a more or less high concentration, which are polluted with the environment and are even considered to be potentially hazardous to health if they are present in higher concentrations in the breathing air. For this reason, efforts have been underway for some time to detoxify the exhaust gases of diesel engines by at least largely removing the soot particles.
- Exhaust soot filters have been considered as the most technically promising measure for this, their porosity being so matched that they largely retain the soot particles from the exhaust gas flowing through.
- these soot filters which are often made of ceramic material because of the required 'temperature resistance to the usual exhaust gas temperatures of diesel engines, have the tendency to become clogged with increasing service life.
- Soot particles in the soot filter which increasingly comes into the state of undesirably high exhaust gas flow resistance.
- the invention has for its object to provide a generic exhaust gas purification device with more effective regeneration, ie more effective soot reduction, of the exhaust soot filter.
- a burner with combustion air blower is provided, the hot gas side of which is in flow connection with the exhaust gas soot filter, and that the filter body is supported in its housing in such a way that at least a large part of its outer surface during operation of the burner is heated from the outside.
- the average or normal exhaust gas temperature range of diesel engines is in the region of 200 to 400 ° C, whereby temperature peaks during operation in the area of maximum performance are not taken into account.
- the "outer surface” is the area of the outer surface of the soot filter that is not the exhaust gas inlet side or the exhaust gas outlet side. It can be provided that by means of the filter body support according to the invention almost this entire outer surface of the filter body is heated from the outside. The external heating usually takes place indirectly through a filter body casing there. The burner is usually in flow connection with the inflow side of the exhaust soot filter.
- the inventive design of the exhaust gas soot filter makes it possible to make available a unit which acts in combination as a silencer and soot filter.
- Exhaust soot filters often have an essentially prismatic shape with one exhaust gas inlet side and one. Exhaust gas outlet side and a cross section given transversely to the exhaust gas flow direction with circular shape, elliptical shape, oval shape, rectangular shape, square shape or the like.
- the expression "prismatic shape” is also intended to cover geometries in which the exhaust gas inlet side and / or the exhaust gas outlet side are not at right angles to the flow direction of the soot filter and / or in which the outer (circumferential) surface of the soot filter progresses within certain limits in the direction of its flow varies.
- the filter body could be Support parts in its housing with a circumferential distance and provide a flow-preventing barrier at one point in the annular gap between the filter body and the housing.
- ring-like holders which are spaced apart in the direction of flow and which have openings of such a number and size that gas can flow through them, but one of which is closed in order to prevent the above-mentioned free flow of the To prevent annular gaps with exhaust gas.
- ring-like and ring-gap do not mean “circular-shaped", but are meant in a comprehensive sense and also include in particular oval, elliptical and angular, overall closed configurations.
- the exhaust gas purification device preferably has, as a filter body, a ceramic monolith with non-continuous flow channels, as is known per se.
- the most common configuration is that the flow channels running essentially in the overall flow direction of the filter body are alternately closed on the inlet side of the filter body and on the outlet side of the filter body, so that the exhaust gas flowing into a flow channel on the inlet side is imperative through the porous Wall of the flow channel in question must pass into one or more adjacent flow channels in order to be able to exit the filter body again on the flow exit side.
- the burner is preferably a burner constructed on the principle of an evaporation burner.
- the burner is provided for regeneration operation during breaks in operation of the diesel engine, in each case after a longer diesel engine operating phase.
- the burner is not allowed to run continuously in order to sufficiently increase the exhaust gas temperature at the inlet into the filter body, but an intermittent operation is preferred in which the soot filter regenerates within a very short time during a standstill phase of the diesel engine becomes. It is advantageous to operate the burner with excess air in order to have oxygen in the soot filter for burning off the soot deposited there.
- the design mentioned makes the soot burning particularly effective since the hot gases of the burner do not mix with the colder diesel engine exhaust.
- the exhaust gas purification device has a control device of the burner, which switches on the combustion air blower and a glow plug to ignite the fuel for the burner at the start of the regeneration operation, switches on a fuel pump of the burner with a time delay, after igniting the burner, the glow plug switches off because the burner now turns off continues to burn without glow plug support, and after a certain time the fuel pump has stopped and the combustion air fan continues to run for a short or a long time.
- This control device preferably controls the aforementioned phases of the regeneration operation automatically.
- a sensor is preferably provided which directly or indirectly detects the extent of the filter body becoming clogged with soot and either provides a signal that a new regeneration is necessary and / or triggers a regeneration in a suitable manner, preferably when the diesel engine comes to a standstill again.
- the sensor can, for example, respond to the pressure increase upstream of the soot filter caused by increasing clogging of the filter body, work on the basis of the measurement of gas flow velocities or the like. It is also possible to work with a device for recording the operating time of the diesel engine since the last regeneration.
- the separator is preferably designed such that it brings the filter body to a regeneration temperature of more than 550 ° C., most preferably more than 600 ° C. or even more than 700 ° C.
- the burner does not have to be in operation for the entire regeneration time, since the soot once set on fire burns to the end even without burner support and heat is released in the process.
- the burner is also preferably designed so that a relatively short regeneration time of, depending on the size of the filter body, from a few minutes to about thirty minutes. Temperatures in the region of 850 ° C can occur during the burning of the soot.
- a burner and a combustion air blower are preferably used for the burner, as are already commercially available, in particular from motor vehicle-independent motor vehicle heaters.
- a particularly preferred area of application of the exhaust gas purification device according to the invention is vehicles, in particular forklifts, which are used in at least largely closed buildings, for example production halls, warehouses or the like. Soot emissions are particularly troublesome under these operating conditions, and regeneration can be carried out conveniently at the end of each shift, for example.
- the exhaust soot filter 2 shown consists essentially of a housing 4 made of sheet steel with a ceramic, monolithic filter body 6 supported therein.
- the housing 4 is cylindrical in the central region and tapers conically on the left and right to the diameter of an exhaust gas line 8 Exhaust gas flow direction through the soot filter 2 is in the drawing from right to left in accordance with the arrow P, the exhaust pipe section feeding from the right coming from a diesel engine and the exhaust pipe section going to the left leading to the end of the exhaust tract.
- the filter body 6 is also cylindrical and has only schematically indicated flow channels 10 which run essentially parallel to the common longitudinal axis 12 of the filter body 6 and the housing 4 and are alternately closed on the right and left.
- an intermediate support 14 made of sheet steel, which is essentially cylindrical with flange portions 16 drawn inwards at the left and right ends.
- the filter body 6 is held axially between the two flange regions 16 by means of resilient intermediate rings 18 made of sufficiently temperature-resistant material.
- intermediate carrier 14 is on the one hand with the aid of two annular holders 20 internally welded to the cylindrical area of the housing 4 so that there is an annular annular gap 22 between the filter body 6 or the intermediate carrier 14 and the housing 4, which is 5 to 20 mm wide radially.
- the two holders 20 are spaced apart in the axial direction and are each closer to an axial end of the intermediate carrier 14 than to the center thereof.
- the holder 20 on the left in the drawing is provided with, for example, circular openings or openings 24 over its entire circumference. These openings could instead be provided in the right holder 20 in the drawing. It would also be possible to provide large and numerous openings 24 in the left holder, while only few and small openings are provided in the right holder 20, or vice versa, so that a very small amount of exhaust gas can flow through the annular gap 22 from front to back.
- the annular gap 22 axially between the two holders 20 can also be filled with a sufficiently temperature-resistant, flow-through insulating material, for example basalt wool.
- the soot filter 2 shown and described so far also serves as an exhaust silencer, with the annular space 22 representing a resonance space.
- a burner 26 with combustion air blower 28 is connected to the conical, that is to say the inflow-side region of the housing 4 in the drawing.
- a fuel pump 30 for the fuel of the burner 26, for example diesel oil, and a glow plug 32 for igniting the fuel-air mixture formed in the burner can also be seen.
- the filter body 6 is regenerated, preferably during a break in operation of the diesel engine.
- the combustion air blower 28 and the glow plug 32 are first switched on by means of the control unit 34. After about 30 to 60 s, the fuel metering pump 30 is switched on, which pumps fuel into the combustion chamber of the burner 26. If the combustion has started properly there, which can be determined by flame monitoring, the glow plug 32 is switched off; the combustion air blower 28 continues to run.
- This combustion operation of the burner runs, depending on the size of the soot filter 2, for about 2 to 10 minutes and in the course of this “activation time” a temperature in the order of 600 to 750 ° C. is reached on the filter body 6. Then the burner 26 can be switched off, since at this temperature the burning of the soot on the filter body 6 has started and continues even without burner support.
- the oxygen required for this can either be taken from the exhaust tract (which still contains residual oxygen in diesel engines) or can be drawn in through the combustion air blower 28 and the burner 26; however, the combustion air blower 28 can also be allowed to continue to run, for example at a lower level.
- this soot burning-off takes about 5 to 30 minutes, during which time the temperature on the filter body 6 still slightly increases due to the soot combustion or remains approximately the same or slightly can sink.
- the combustion air blower 28 is in any case left to run for a certain time, for example 2 to 4 minutes, in order to no longer ignite a combustible fuel-air mixture in the burner 26 to have.
- Control unit 34 denotes a pressure probe in the space in front of the filter body 6, which responds to increased pressure due to the increasing clogging of the filter body 6 and indicates the need for a new regeneration and / or this, preferably in a subsequent break in operation of the diesel engine, via the Control unit 34 triggers automatically.
- the hot gases of the burner 26 can flow into the annular gap 22 after flowing through the filter body 6 and from there ' also heat the filter body 6 from its outer surface or its outer circumference. This heating has an effect through the intermediate carrier 14. This external heating is essential in order to bring the peripheral parts of the filter body 6 which are difficult to heat up without the described measure to a sufficiently high temperature. If more than two spaced holders 20 are provided, all or all but one of them are provided with openings 24.
- the output of the burner is in the region of 2 to 15 kW, depending on the size of the soot filter 2.
- the soot filter 2 can also have a plurality of filter bodies 6 axially one behind the other, it being sufficient if one I ⁇ -
Abstract
Un dispositif de nettoyage des gaz d'échappement de moteurs Diesel comprend un filtre (2) des suies du gaz d'échappement pourvu d'un corps de filtrage (6) soutenu dans un carter (4) et qui se régénère par combustion de la suie lorsque sa température s'élève au-dessus de la plage moyenne des températures des gaz d'échappement en service. Le côté à gaz chauds d'un brûleur (26) à ventilateur (28) d'air de combustion est en communication fluidique avec le filtre (2) des suies du gaz d'échappement. Le corps de filtrage (6) est soutenu dans son carter (6) de sorte qu'au moins une grande partie de sa surface extérieure soit chauffée de l'extérieur lorsque le brûleur (26) est en fonctionnement.A device for cleaning the exhaust gases of diesel engines comprises an exhaust gas soot filter (2) provided with a filter body (6) supported in a housing (4) and which regenerates by combustion of the gas. soot when its temperature rises above the average range of exhaust gas temperatures in service. The hot gas side of a combustion air blower (28) burner (26) is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas soot filter (2). The filter body (6) is supported in its housing (6) so that at least a large part of its outer surface is heated from the outside when the burner (26) is in operation.
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19853545437 DE3545437A1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1985-12-20 | EXHAUST GAS CLEANING DEVICE FOR DIESEL ENGINES |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0357595A1 true EP0357595A1 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
EP0357595B1 EP0357595B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
Family
ID=6289165
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP87903852A Expired - Lifetime EP0357595B1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1987-06-12 | Exhaust gas cleaning device for diesel engines |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0357595B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE3545437A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2009335C1 (en) |
UA (1) | UA12339A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1988009865A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0891727A2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-20 | Nerio Righi | Compressed-air column, cushioned and turning, particularly suitable for office chairs |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3808075A1 (en) * | 1988-03-11 | 1989-09-21 | Rohs Ulrich | Mechanical soot filter device |
DE3916556A1 (en) * | 1989-05-20 | 1990-11-22 | Kornaker Walter | Cleaning Diesel engine exhaust - involves pulsation radiation tube with independent resonance shock-wave ignition |
DE4226901C2 (en) * | 1992-08-14 | 2002-03-07 | Ernst Appbau Gmbh & Co | Soot filter with hot gas generator |
DE4242093C2 (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 2003-05-22 | Deutz Ag | Function monitoring of a particle filter system |
DE4243035A1 (en) * | 1992-12-18 | 1994-06-23 | Dornier Gmbh | Regenerator for diesel engine exhaust gas soot filters |
DE102006015841B3 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2007-08-02 | TWK Engineering Entwicklungstechnik (GbR) (vertretungsberechtigte Gesellschafter Herrn Thomas Winter, Jagdhaus am Breitenberg, 56244 Ötzingen und Herrn Waldemar Karsten, Am Merzenborn 6, 56422 Wirges) | Regeneration of particle filters comprises burning fuel under oxygen deficiency in first combustion chamber, and introducing gas produced to second chamber where air current is produced flowing in direction counter to direction of gas flow |
DE102006025230A1 (en) * | 2006-05-29 | 2007-12-06 | Mann + Hummel Gmbh | Air filter housing for a compact air filter element |
DE102007002556A1 (en) * | 2007-01-17 | 2008-07-24 | Purem Abgassysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg | Catalyst component with at least one catalyst tube and at least one intermediate wall |
SE534475C2 (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2011-09-06 | Scania Cv Ab | Method and apparatus for preventing fuel accumulation in an exhaust system of a motor vehicle |
RU2677745C1 (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-21 | Андрей Геннадьевич Бояренок | Diesel internal combustion engine exhaust gases cleaning device |
DE102021203083A1 (en) | 2021-03-29 | 2022-09-29 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Method for operating an exhaust gas burner |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2800687A1 (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1979-07-12 | Uop Inc | Engine exhaust muffler and catalytic converter - with swirl promoting vane and baffle causing flow reversal |
US4535588A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1985-08-20 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | Carbon particulates cleaning device for diesel engine |
JPS578311A (en) * | 1980-06-19 | 1982-01-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Method and device for decreasing discharged quantity of diesel particulates |
US4393652A (en) * | 1980-07-23 | 1983-07-19 | Munro John H | Exhaust system for internal combustion engines |
DE3121274A1 (en) * | 1981-05-29 | 1982-12-16 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for cleaning a filter for an exhaust system of a heat engine |
US4419108A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-12-06 | Corning Glass Works | Filter apparatus and method of filtering |
US4419113A (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1983-12-06 | General Motors Corporation | Diesel exhaust particulate trap with axially stacked filters |
JPS5925024A (en) * | 1982-08-02 | 1984-02-08 | Hitachi Ltd | Exhaust gas purging device of diesel engine |
DE3475814D1 (en) * | 1983-01-24 | 1989-02-02 | Hitachi Ltd | A method and a device for exhaust emission control for diesel engines |
US4625511A (en) * | 1984-08-13 | 1986-12-02 | Arvin Industries, Inc. | Exhaust processor |
DE3516442A1 (en) * | 1985-05-08 | 1986-11-13 | Jörg Prof. Dipl.-Ing.(FH) 7072 Heubach Linser | Silencer |
-
1985
- 1985-12-20 DE DE19853545437 patent/DE3545437A1/en active Granted
-
1987
- 1987-06-12 EP EP87903852A patent/EP0357595B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-12 WO PCT/DE1987/000270 patent/WO1988009865A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1987-06-12 DE DE8787903852T patent/DE3776353D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-12-12 RU SU894742860A patent/RU2009335C1/en active
- 1989-12-12 UA UA4742860A patent/UA12339A/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8809865A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0891727A2 (en) | 1997-07-17 | 1999-01-20 | Nerio Righi | Compressed-air column, cushioned and turning, particularly suitable for office chairs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0357595B1 (en) | 1992-01-22 |
DE3545437A1 (en) | 1987-07-02 |
UA12339A (en) | 1996-12-25 |
RU2009335C1 (en) | 1994-03-15 |
WO1988009865A1 (en) | 1988-12-15 |
DE3545437C2 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
DE3776353D1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
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