EP0352488A1 - Once-through steam generator - Google Patents

Once-through steam generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0352488A1
EP0352488A1 EP89111630A EP89111630A EP0352488A1 EP 0352488 A1 EP0352488 A1 EP 0352488A1 EP 89111630 A EP89111630 A EP 89111630A EP 89111630 A EP89111630 A EP 89111630A EP 0352488 A1 EP0352488 A1 EP 0352488A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
tubes
group
pipe
steam generator
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP89111630A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0352488B1 (en
Inventor
Eberhard Wittchow
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DK365789A priority Critical patent/DK365789A/en
Priority to JP19121489A priority patent/JPH0271002A/en
Publication of EP0352488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0352488A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F22B37/146—Tube arrangements for ash hoppers and grates and for combustion chambers of the cyclone or similar type out of the flues
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F22B29/061—Construction of tube walls
    • F22B29/062—Construction of tube walls involving vertically-disposed water tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/12—Forms of water tubes, e.g. of varying cross-section
    • F22B37/125—Bifurcates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a once-through steam generator according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a continuous steam generator is known from British Patent 1 163 555.
  • the tubes of the first tube group of the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable of this once-through steam generator have an inlet header and the tubes of the bottom have an outlet header.
  • Four approximately equidistant connecting pipes are provided. Each of these connecting pipes is connected at one end to one collector and at the other end to the other collector and connects the two collectors in terms of flow.
  • Both the bottom and the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable of this once-through steam generator form evaporator heating surfaces.
  • wet steam formed in the pipes of the floor is transferred to the Disassembled pipes of the first pipe group. Therefore, wet steam with a uniform temperature also reaches the outlet ends of all pipes of the first pipe group, so that no thermal stresses occur even at steam pressure below the critical pressure.
  • a further development according to claim 2 prevents segregation of the wet steam emerging from the first pipe group on its way to the second pipe group at steam pressure below the critical pressure, so that wet steam with approximately the same steam content also occurs in all pipes of the second pipe group. This also leads to an equalization of the temperature of the tubes of the second tube group at their outlet ends and thus to avoid thermal stresses in the tube wall.
  • the heat absorption of the tubes of the second tube group can be predetermined in an advantageous manner by a further development according to patent claims 4 to 7. This also enables a further equalization of the temperature of the tubes of the second tube group at their outlet ends.
  • the development according to claim 8 also causes a more uniform temperature profile in the tube wall at the outlet ends of the tubes to avoid thermal stresses.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show modified sections from the development of the vertical throttle cable according to FIG. 1.
  • the vertical throttle cable according to FIG. 1 has a rectangular cross section and has a tube wall 2 and a base 3 in the form of a funnel. All pipes 4 and 5 of the pipe wall 2 are arranged vertically and welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their longitudinal sides.
  • the bottom 3 is formed by tubes 6, which are also welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their longitudinal sides. These tubes 6 are straight, but they can also be helical.
  • the bottom 3 can also be arranged flat and horizontal or slightly inclined.
  • tubes 4 and / or 5 of tube wall 2 are curved and run on the outside of the vertical throttle cable. Similar openings can also be formed for air nozzles, flue gas nozzles, soot blowers, observation hatches, etc.
  • the tubes 6 of the funnel-shaped base 3 are connected at their inlet ends to inlet manifolds 8.
  • the vertically arranged tubes 4 of the tube wall 2 form a first tube group.
  • Each tube 4 of this first tube group is connected in terms of flow at the inlet end to the outlet ends of two tubes 6 of the base 3.
  • the tubes 4 of the first tube group open into an outlet header 9 with their outlet ends. The outlet ends of the two tubes 6 thus merge into the inlet end of each tube 4.
  • Each tube 5 of a second tube group is located between two tubes 4 of the first tube group, on which it is attached to its Long sides is welded gas-tight.
  • each tube 4 of the first tube group is located between two tubes 5 of the second tube group, on which it is also welded gas-tight on its long sides.
  • all tubes 5 of the second tube group are connected with their inlet ends to a further inlet header 10 and with their outlet ends to a further outlet header 11.
  • the outlet header 9 of the pipes 4 of the first pipe group of the pipe wall 2 is connected by a pipe 12 the inlet header 10 of the tubes 5 of the second tube group connected in terms of flow without the interposition of tubes of the bottom 3.
  • the pipe 12 is located on the outside of the vertical throttle cable and contains a distributor 13. Four pipes 14 lead from this distributor 13 to the inlet header 10.
  • the wet steam is not heated on its way from the outlet header 9 to the inlet header 10 and therefore enters all tubes 5 of the second tube group with the same vapor content.
  • heat is supplied to it uniformly, so that in all tubes 5 there is uniformly only wet steam, saturated steam or superheated steam at their outlet ends and is fed into the outlet collector 11. Therefore, thermal stresses in the tube wall 2 at vapor pressure below the critical pressure are excluded even if the tubes 6 of the bottom 3 are of different lengths and absorb heat differently.
  • the tubes 5 form the second tube group in the tube wall 2 at a predetermined height H 1 an upper end by exiting there from the tube wall 2 to the outside of the vertical throttle cable.
  • each tube 4 of the first tube group flows into two vertically arranged, also belonging to the first tube group branch tubes 4 a and 4 b of the tube wall 2, which are connected with their outlet ends to the outlet header 9. This will only make one comparatively small amount of heat is transferred to the tubes 5 of the second tube group, and the temperature is further evened out at the outlet ends of the tubes 5, which open into the outlet header 11, in order to avoid thermal stresses.
  • the tubes 5 of the second tube group of the vertical throttle cable form a lower end at a predetermined height H 2 by entering the tube wall 2 from the outside of the vertical throttle cable.
  • a predetermined height H2 flow two pipes 4 of the first tube group in a vertically arranged single tube 4c of the tube wall 2, which also belongs to the first tube group and is located above the height H2.
  • each tube 4 of the first tube group is connected in terms of flow at the inlet end to the outlet ends of three tubes 6 of the base 3. Furthermore, two tubes 5 of the second tube group of the tube wall 2, which are welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their long sides, are arranged between two tubes 4 of the first tube group and welded gas-tight with long sides on the long sides of these tubes 4.
  • the number of tubes 5 of the second tube group connected to the collectors 10 and 11 is thus twice as large as the number of tubes 4 of the first tube group connected to the tubes 6 and the outlet header 9. This also has an effect as with the configuration according to FIG. 3.
  • the outlet collector for the pipes of the second pipe group of the pipe wall can be connected in terms of flow through a pipe to other pipes of the pipe wall of the vertical gas flue, which do not belong to the first or second pipe group, or to inlet collectors of superheater heating surfaces of the continuous steam generator.
  • the tubes of the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable and the bottom can have helically guided inner fins, so that the water content of wet steam which flows through these tubes predominantly accumulates on the inside of the tubes. This results in a relatively low and uniform temperature of the pipes and also prevents thermal stresses in the pipe wall and in the floor.
  • Flue gas flowing out of the vertical gas flue can also be in the form of a flue gas circulation after cooling on heating surfaces of the once-through steam generator, e.g. can be returned to the vertical throttle cable with flue gas nozzles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

Die mit Rohren (6) des Bodens (3) des vertikalen Gaszuges eines Durchlaufdampferzeugers durchflußmäßig verbundenen, vertikal angeordneten Rohre (4) der Rohrwand (2) dieses vertikalen Gaszuges bilden eine erste Rohrgruppe, während zum Vermeiden von Wärmespannungen in der Rohrwand (2) bei Dampfdruck unterhalb des kritischen Druckes andere vertikal angeordnete Rohre (5) der Rohrwand (2) eine zweite Rohrgruppe bilden und den Rohren (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe durchflußmäßig nachgeschaltet sind.The vertically connected pipes (4) of the pipe wall (2) of this vertical gas train flow-wise connected with pipes (6) of the bottom (3) of the vertical gas train of a continuous steam generator form a first pipe group, while avoiding thermal stresses in the pipe wall (2) Vapor pressure below the critical pressure form other vertically arranged tubes (5) of the tube wall (2) a second tube group and the tubes (4) of the first tube group are connected downstream in terms of flow.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a once-through steam generator according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein solcher Durchlaufdampferzeuger ist aus der britischen Pa­tentschrift 1 163 555 bekannt. Die Rohre der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand des vertikalen Gaszuges dieses Durchlaufdampf­erzeugers haben einen Eintrittssammler und die Rohre des Bodens einen Austrittssammler. Es sind vier etwa äquidistante Ver­bindungsrohre vorgesehen. Jedes dieser Verbindungsrohre ist mit einem Ende an dem einen Sammler und mit dem anderen Ende an dem anderen Sammler angeschlossen und verbindet die beiden Sammler durchflußmäßig. Sowohl Boden als auch Rohrwand des vertikalen Gaszuges dieses Durchlaufdampferzeugers bilden Verdampferheizflächen.Such a continuous steam generator is known from British Patent 1 163 555. The tubes of the first tube group of the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable of this once-through steam generator have an inlet header and the tubes of the bottom have an outlet header. Four approximately equidistant connecting pipes are provided. Each of these connecting pipes is connected at one end to one collector and at the other end to the other collector and connects the two collectors in terms of flow. Both the bottom and the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable of this once-through steam generator form evaporator heating surfaces.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß an den Austrittsenden der vertikal angeordneten Rohre der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand dieses Durchlaufdampferzeugers ganz erhebliche Wärmespannungen auf­treten, wenn er bei Dampfdruck unterhalb des kritischen Druckes, d.h. beispielsweise mit Teillast und damit niedriger Leistung der Speisewasserpumpe betrieben wird. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, diese Wärmespannungen zu vermeiden.It has been found that at the outlet ends of the vertically arranged tubes of the first tube group of the tube wall of this once-through steam generator, very considerable thermal stresses occur when it is at steam pressure below the critical pressure, i.e. for example, operated with partial load and thus low power of the feed water pump. The invention has for its object to avoid these thermal stresses.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe hat ein Durchlaufdampferzeuger der eingangs erwähnten Art erfindungsgemäß die Merkmale des kenn­zeichnenden Teiles des Patentanspruches 1.To achieve this object, a once-through steam generator of the type mentioned at the outset has the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Wegen des fehlenden Austrittssammlers für die Rohre des Bodens und des fehlenden Eintrittssammlers für die Rohre der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand wird vermieden, daß sich der in den Rohren des Bodens gebildete Naßdampf beim Übertritt in die Rohre der ersten Rohrgruppe entmischt. Deshalb gelangt auch zu den Austrittsenden aller Rohre der ersten Rohrgruppe Naßdampf mit einheitlicher Temperatur, so daß selbst bei Dampfdruck unterhalb des kritischen Druckes keine Wärmespannungen auftreten.Because of the missing outlet collector for the pipes of the floor and the missing inlet collector for the pipes of the first pipe group of the pipe wall, it is avoided that the wet steam formed in the pipes of the floor is transferred to the Disassembled pipes of the first pipe group. Therefore, wet steam with a uniform temperature also reaches the outlet ends of all pipes of the first pipe group, so that no thermal stresses occur even at steam pressure below the critical pressure.

Durch eine Weiterbildung nach Patentanspruch 2 wird ein Ent­mischen des aus der ersten Rohrgruppe austretenden Naßdampfes auf seinem Weg zur zweiten Rohrgruppe bei Dampfdruck unter­halb des kritischen Druckes vermieden, so daß auch in alle Rohre der zweiten Rohrgruppe Naßdampf mit etwa gleichem Dampf­gehalt eintritt. Dies führt ebenfalls zu einer Vergleich­mäßigung der Temperatur der Rohre der zweiten Rohrgruppe an ihren Austrittsenden und damit zur Vermeidung von Wärmespan­nungen in der Rohrwand.A further development according to claim 2 prevents segregation of the wet steam emerging from the first pipe group on its way to the second pipe group at steam pressure below the critical pressure, so that wet steam with approximately the same steam content also occurs in all pipes of the second pipe group. This also leads to an equalization of the temperature of the tubes of the second tube group at their outlet ends and thus to avoid thermal stresses in the tube wall.

Durch eine Weiterbildung nach Patentanspruch 3 wird eine gleichmäßige Kühlung des Bodens des vertikalen Gaszuges erzielt.Through a development according to claim 3, a uniform cooling of the bottom of the vertical throttle cable is achieved.

Durch eine Weiterbildung nach den Patentansprüchen 4 bis 7 kann in vorteilhafter Weise die Wärmeaufnahme der Rohre der zweiten Rohrgruppe vorgegeben werden. Auch dadurch kann eine weitere Vergleichmäßigung der Temperatur der Rohre der zweiten Rohrgruppe an ihren Austrittsenden erzielt werden.The heat absorption of the tubes of the second tube group can be predetermined in an advantageous manner by a further development according to patent claims 4 to 7. This also enables a further equalization of the temperature of the tubes of the second tube group at their outlet ends.

Die Weiterbildung nach Patentanspruch 8 bewirkt zusätzlich ein vergleichmäßigtes Temperaturprofil in der Rohrwand an den Aus­trittsenden der Rohre zum Vermeiden von Wärmespannungen.The development according to claim 8 also causes a more uniform temperature profile in the tube wall at the outlet ends of the tubes to avoid thermal stresses.

Die Erfindung und ihre Vorteile seien anhand der Zeichnung an Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert:

  • FIG 1 zeigt stark schematisiert eine Abwicklung des vertikalen Gaszuges eines erfindungsgemäßen Durchlaufdampferzeugers.
  • FIG 2 zeigt ein Durchflußschema zum vertikalen Gaszug nach FIG 1.
The invention and its advantages are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing using exemplary embodiments:
  • 1 shows a highly schematic development of the vertical throttle cable of a once-through steam generator according to the invention.
  • 2 shows a flow diagram for the vertical throttle cable according to FIG.

Figuren 3 bis 5 zeigen abgewandelte Ausschnitte aus der Abwicklung des vertikalen Gaszuges nach FIG 1.FIGS. 3 to 5 show modified sections from the development of the vertical throttle cable according to FIG. 1.

Der vertikale Gaszug nach FIG 1 hat einen rechteckigen Quer­schnitt und weist eine Rohrwand 2 und einen Boden 3 in Form eines Trichters auf. Alle Rohre 4 und 5 der Rohrwand 2 sind vertikal angeordnet und an ihren Längsseiten gasdicht aneinander geschweißt. Der Boden 3 ist durch Rohre 6 ge­bildet, die ebenfalls an ihren Längsseiten gasdicht aneinander geschweißt sind. Diese Rohre 6 sind geradlinig, sie können aber auch wendelförmig sein. Der Boden 3 kann auch flach und waage­recht oder leicht geneigt angeordnet sein.The vertical throttle cable according to FIG. 1 has a rectangular cross section and has a tube wall 2 and a base 3 in the form of a funnel. All pipes 4 and 5 of the pipe wall 2 are arranged vertically and welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their longitudinal sides. The bottom 3 is formed by tubes 6, which are also welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their longitudinal sides. These tubes 6 are straight, but they can also be helical. The bottom 3 can also be arranged flat and horizontal or slightly inclined.

Am unteren Teil der Rohrwand 2 des vertikalen Gaszuges sind sechs Brenner für fossilen Brennstoff in jeweils einer Öffnung 7 in der Rohrwand 2 angebracht. An einer solchen Öffnung sind Rohre 4 und/oder 5 der Rohrwand 2 gekrümmt und verlaufen auf der Außenseite des vertikalen Gaszuges. Ähnliche Öffnungen können auch für Luftdüsen, Rauchgasdüsen, Rußbläser, Be­obachtungsluken etc. gebildet sein.At the lower part of the tube wall 2 of the vertical throttle cable, six burners for fossil fuel are each installed in an opening 7 in the tube wall 2. At such an opening, tubes 4 and / or 5 of tube wall 2 are curved and run on the outside of the vertical throttle cable. Similar openings can also be formed for air nozzles, flue gas nozzles, soot blowers, observation hatches, etc.

Die Rohre 6 des trichterförmigen Bodens 3 sind mit ihren Ein­trittsenden an Eintrittssammlern 8 angeschlossen. Die vertikal angeordneten Rohre 4 der Rohrwand 2 bilden eine erste Rohr­gruppe. Jedes Rohr 4 dieser ersten Rohrgruppe ist am Eintritts­ende mit den Austrittsenden von zwei Rohren 6 des Bodens 3 durchflußmäßig verbunden. Die Rohre 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe münden mit ihren Austrittsenden in einen Austrittssammler 9. Damit gehen in das Eintrittsende jedes Rohres 4 die Austritts­enden der beiden Rohre 6 über.The tubes 6 of the funnel-shaped base 3 are connected at their inlet ends to inlet manifolds 8. The vertically arranged tubes 4 of the tube wall 2 form a first tube group. Each tube 4 of this first tube group is connected in terms of flow at the inlet end to the outlet ends of two tubes 6 of the base 3. The tubes 4 of the first tube group open into an outlet header 9 with their outlet ends. The outlet ends of the two tubes 6 thus merge into the inlet end of each tube 4.

Jedes Rohr 5 einer zweiten Rohrgruppe befindet sich zwischen zwei Rohren 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe, an denen es an seinen Längsseiten gasdicht angeschweißt ist. Ebenso befindet sich jedes Rohr 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe zwischen zwei Rohren 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe, an denen es ebenfalls an seinen Längs­seiten gasdicht angeschweißt ist.Each tube 5 of a second tube group is located between two tubes 4 of the first tube group, on which it is attached to its Long sides is welded gas-tight. Likewise, each tube 4 of the first tube group is located between two tubes 5 of the second tube group, on which it is also welded gas-tight on its long sides.

Ferner sind alle Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe mit ihren Eintrittsenden an einem weiteren Eintrittssammler 10 und mit ihren Austrittsenden an einem weiteren Austrittssammler 11 angeschlossen.Furthermore, all tubes 5 of the second tube group are connected with their inlet ends to a further inlet header 10 and with their outlet ends to a further outlet header 11.

Wie FIG 2 zeigt, ist der Austrittssammler 9 der Rohre 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand 2 durch eine Rohrleitung 12 mit dem Eintrittssammler 10 der Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe ohne Zwischenschaltung von Rohren des Bodens 3 durchflußmäßig verbunden. Die Rohrleitung 12 befindet sich auf der Außenseite des vertikalen Gaszuges und enthält einen Verteiler 13. Von diesem Verteiler 13 führen vier Rohre 14 zum Eintrittssammler 10.As FIG 2 shows, the outlet header 9 of the pipes 4 of the first pipe group of the pipe wall 2 is connected by a pipe 12 the inlet header 10 of the tubes 5 of the second tube group connected in terms of flow without the interposition of tubes of the bottom 3. The pipe 12 is located on the outside of the vertical throttle cable and contains a distributor 13. Four pipes 14 lead from this distributor 13 to the inlet header 10.

Von den Eintrittssammlern 8 strömt Wasser in die Rohre 6 des Bodens 3 und von dort in die Rohre 4 der Rohrwand 2 und wird verdampft. In den Austrittssammler 9 gelangt Naßdampf. Dieser Naßdampf strömt durch die Rohrleitung 12 in den Verteiler 13 und wird gleichmäßig d.h. mit gleichem Dampfgehalt auf die vier Rohre 14 verteilt. Aus den Rohren 14 gelangt der Naßdampf in den Eintrittssammler 10 und in die Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand 2.From the inlet manifolds 8, water flows into the tubes 6 of the bottom 3 and from there into the tubes 4 of the tube wall 2 and is evaporated. Wet steam enters the outlet header 9. This wet steam flows through the pipeline 12 into the distributor 13 and becomes uniform i.e. distributed to the four pipes 14 with the same vapor content. The wet steam passes from the tubes 14 into the inlet header 10 and into the tubes 5 of the second tube group of the tube wall 2.

Der Naßdampf wird auf seinem Wege vom Austrittssammler 9 zum Eintrittssammler 10 nicht beheizt und tritt deshalb in alle Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe mit gleichem Dampfgehalt ein. In diesen Rohren 5 wird ihm gleichmäßig Wärme zugeführt, so daß sich in allen Rohren 5 an ihren Austrittsenden einheitlich nur Naßdampf, Sattdampf oder überhitzter Dampf befindet und in den Austrittssammler 11 eingespeist wird. Deshalb sind Wärme­spannungen in der Rohrwand 2 bei Dampfdruck unterhalb des kritischen Druckes selbst dann ausgeschlossen, wenn die Rohre 6 des Bodens 3 verschieden lang sind und unterschiedlich Wärme aufnehmen.The wet steam is not heated on its way from the outlet header 9 to the inlet header 10 and therefore enters all tubes 5 of the second tube group with the same vapor content. In these tubes 5, heat is supplied to it uniformly, so that in all tubes 5 there is uniformly only wet steam, saturated steam or superheated steam at their outlet ends and is fed into the outlet collector 11. Therefore, thermal stresses in the tube wall 2 at vapor pressure below the critical pressure are excluded even if the tubes 6 of the bottom 3 are of different lengths and absorb heat differently.

Nach FIG 3 bilden die Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe in der Rohrwand 2 in einer vorgegebenen Höhe H₁ ein Oberende, indem sie dort aus der Rohrwand 2 auf die Außenseite des vertikalen Gaszuges austreten. Oberhalb dieser Höhe H₁ geht jedes Rohr 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe durchflußmäßig in zwei vertikal ange­ordnete, ebenfalls zur ersten Rohrgruppe gehörende Zweigrohre 4a und 4b der Rohrwand 2 über, die mit ihren Austrittsenden am Austrittssammler 9 angeschlossen sind. Dadurch wird nur eine vergleichsweise geringe Wärmemenge an die Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe übertragen, und die Temperatur wird an den Aus­trittsenden der Rohre 5, die in den Austrittssammler 11 münden, zur Vermeidung von Wärmespannungen weiter vergleichmäßigt.According to FIG 3, the tubes 5 form the second tube group in the tube wall 2 at a predetermined height H 1 an upper end by exiting there from the tube wall 2 to the outside of the vertical throttle cable. Above this height H 1, each tube 4 of the first tube group flows into two vertically arranged, also belonging to the first tube group branch tubes 4 a and 4 b of the tube wall 2, which are connected with their outlet ends to the outlet header 9. This will only make one comparatively small amount of heat is transferred to the tubes 5 of the second tube group, and the temperature is further evened out at the outlet ends of the tubes 5, which open into the outlet header 11, in order to avoid thermal stresses.

Nach FIG 4 bilden die Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe des vertikalen Gaszuges in einer vorgegebenen Höhe H₂ ein Unter­ende, indem sie dort von der Außenseite des vertikalen Gaszuges in die Rohrwand 2 eintreten. Unterhalb dieser Höhe H₂ gehen jeweils zwei Rohre 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe durchflußmäßig in ein vertikal angeordnetes Einzelrohr 4c der Rohrwand 2 über, das ebenfalls zur ersten Rohrgruppe gehört und sich oberhalb der Höhe H₂ befindet. Hierdurch wird eine Wirkung wie mit der Ausbildung nach FIG 3 erzielt.According to FIG 4, the tubes 5 of the second tube group of the vertical throttle cable form a lower end at a predetermined height H 2 by entering the tube wall 2 from the outside of the vertical throttle cable. Below this height H₂ flow two pipes 4 of the first tube group in a vertically arranged single tube 4c of the tube wall 2, which also belongs to the first tube group and is located above the height H₂. As a result, an effect as with the training according to FIG 3 is achieved.

Nach FIG 5 ist jedes Rohr 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe am Eintritts­ende durchflußmäßig mit den Austrittsenden von drei Rohren 6 des Bodens 3 verbunden. Ferner sind jeweils zwei an ihren Längsseiten gasdicht aneinander geschweißte Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand 2 zwischen zwei Rohren 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe angeordnet und mit Längsseiten an Längs­seiten dieser Rohre 4 gasdicht angeschweißt. Die Anzahl der an den Sammlern 10 und 11 angeschlossenen Rohre 5 der zweiten Rohrgruppe ist damit doppelt so groß wie die Anzahl der an den Rohren 6 und am Austrittssammler 9 angeschlossenen Rohre 4 der ersten Rohrgruppe. Auch hierdurch wird eine Wirkung wie mit der Ausbildung nach FIG 3 erzielt.According to FIG. 5, each tube 4 of the first tube group is connected in terms of flow at the inlet end to the outlet ends of three tubes 6 of the base 3. Furthermore, two tubes 5 of the second tube group of the tube wall 2, which are welded to one another in a gas-tight manner on their long sides, are arranged between two tubes 4 of the first tube group and welded gas-tight with long sides on the long sides of these tubes 4. The number of tubes 5 of the second tube group connected to the collectors 10 and 11 is thus twice as large as the number of tubes 4 of the first tube group connected to the tubes 6 and the outlet header 9. This also has an effect as with the configuration according to FIG. 3.

Der Austrittssammler für die Rohre der zweiten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand kann durchflußmäßig durch eine Rohrleitung mit anderen, nicht zur ersten oder zweiten Rohrgruppe gehörenden Rohren der Rohrwand des vertikalen Gaszuges oder mit Ein­trittssammlern von Überhitzerheizflächen des Durchlaufdampf­erzeugers verbunden sein.The outlet collector for the pipes of the second pipe group of the pipe wall can be connected in terms of flow through a pipe to other pipes of the pipe wall of the vertical gas flue, which do not belong to the first or second pipe group, or to inlet collectors of superheater heating surfaces of the continuous steam generator.

Die Rohre der Rohrwand des vertikalen Gaszuges und des Bodens können wendelartig geführte Innenrippen aufweisen, so daß sich der Wasseranteil von Naßdampf, der diese Rohre durchströmt, vorwiegend an der Innenseite der Rohre ansammelt. Dies bewirkt eine relativ niedrige und gleichmäßige Temperatur der Rohre und verhindert ebenfalls Wärmespannungen in der Rohrwand und im Boden.The tubes of the tube wall of the vertical throttle cable and the bottom can have helically guided inner fins, so that the water content of wet steam which flows through these tubes predominantly accumulates on the inside of the tubes. This results in a relatively low and uniform temperature of the pipes and also prevents thermal stresses in the pipe wall and in the floor.

Aus dem vertikalen Gaszug ausströmendes Rauchgas kann auch in Form einer Rauchgaszirkulation nach Abkühlung an Heizflächen des Durchlaufdampferzeugers, z.B. mit Rauchgasdüsen in den vertikalen Gaszug zurückgeführt werden.Flue gas flowing out of the vertical gas flue can also be in the form of a flue gas circulation after cooling on heating surfaces of the once-through steam generator, e.g. can be returned to the vertical throttle cable with flue gas nozzles.

Claims (8)

1. Durchlaufdampferzeuger mit einem vertikalen Gaszug, an dem Brenner für fossilen Brennstoff angebracht sind, der eine Rohr­wand aus an ihren Längsseiten gasdicht aneinander ge­schweißten, vertikal angeordneten Rohren hat und der an einem Unterende einen Boden aus gasdicht miteinander verschweißten Rohren aufweist, die an Rohre einer ersten, mit einem Aus­trittssammler versehenen Rohrgruppe aus der Rohrwand des ver­tikalen Gaszuges durchflußmäßig angeschlossen sind, während andere Rohre der Rohrwand des vertikalen Gaszuges eine zweite Rohrgruppe mit einem Eintritts- und einem Austrittssammler bilden und den Rohren der ersten Rohrgruppe mit einer Rohr­leitung zwischen dem Austrittssammler der ersten und dem Ein­trittssammler der zweiten Rohrgruppe durchflußmäßig nachge­schaltet sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß in das Eintrittsende jedes Rohres (4) der ersten Rohr­gruppe der Rohrwand das Austrittsende mindestens eines Rohres (6) des Bodens (3) übergeht.1. Continuous steam generator with a vertical gas flue, to which burners for fossil fuel are attached, which has a tube wall made of vertically arranged tubes welded to each other in a gas-tight manner on its longitudinal sides, and which has a bottom of tubes which are welded to one another in a gas-tight manner at one lower end and which are connected to tubes the first group of pipes provided with an outlet collector are connected in terms of flow from the pipe wall of the vertical gas train, while other pipes of the pipe wall of the vertical gas train form a second pipe group with an inlet and an outlet collector and the pipes of the first pipe group with a pipe between the outlet collector of the first and downstream of the inlet header of the second tube group,
characterized,
that in the inlet end of each tube (4) of the first tube group of the tube wall, the outlet end of at least one tube (6) of the bottom (3) merges. 2. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Rohrleitung (12) zwischen dem Austrittssammler (9) der ersten Rohrgruppe und dem Eintrittssammler (10) der zweiten Rohrgruppe einen Verteiler (13) aufweist, von dem mehrere Rohre (14) zum Eintrittssammler (10) der zweiten Rohrgruppe führen.2. continuous steam generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the pipeline (12) between the outlet header (9) of the first tube group and the inlet header (10) of the second tube group has a distributor (13) from which a plurality of tubes (14) lead to the inlet header (10) of the second tube group. 3. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an einem Rohr (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe durchflußmäßig mindestens zwei Rohre (6) des Bodens angeschlossen sind.3. continuous steam generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
that at least two tubes (6) of the bottom are connected in terms of flow to a tube (4) of the first tube group. 4. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Länge der Rohre (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand (2) des vertikalen Gaszuges verschieden von der Länge der Rohre (5) der zweiten Rohrgruppe ist.4. continuous steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in
that the length of the tubes (4) of the first tube group of the tube wall (2) of the vertical throttle cable is different from the length of the tubes (5) of the second tube group. 5. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Rohre (5) der zweiten Rohrgruppe des vertikalen Gas­zuges in einer vorgegebenen Höhe (H₁) in der Rohrwand (2) ein Oberende bilden und daß ein Rohr (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand (2) oberhalb dieser Höhe (H₁) durchflußmäßig in min­destens zwei vertikal angeordnete Zweigrohre (4a; 4b) der Rohr­wand 2 übergeht, die sich oberhalb der Höhe (H₁) befinden.5. continuous steam generator according to claim 4,
characterized,
that tubes (5) of the second tube group of the vertical throttle cable at a predetermined height (H₁) in the tube wall (2) form an upper end and that a tube (4) of the first tube group of the tube wall (2) above this height (H₁) in terms of flow at least two vertically arranged branch pipes (4a; 4b) of the pipe wall 2 passes, which are above the height (H₁). 6. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß Rohre (5) der zweiten Rohrgruppe des vertikalen Gas­zuges in einer vorgegebenen Höhe (H₂) in der Rohrwand (2) ein Unterende bilden und daß mindestens zwei Rohre (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe der Rohrwand (2) unterhalb dieser Höhe (H₂) durch­flußmäßig in ein vertikal angeordnetes Einzelrohr (4c) der Rohrwand (2) übergehen, das sich oberhalb der Höhe (H₂) befindet.6. continuous steam generator according to claim 4,
characterized,
that pipes (5) of the second pipe group of the vertical throttle cable form a lower end at a predetermined height (H₂) in the pipe wall (2) and that at least two pipes (4) of the first pipe group of the pipe wall (2) flow below this height (H₂) merge into a vertically arranged single pipe (4c) of the pipe wall (2), which is above the height (H₂). 7. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Anzahl der Rohre (4) der ersten Rohrgruppe verschieden von der Anzahl der Rohre (5) der zweiten Rohrgruppe ist.7. continuous steam generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the number of tubes (4) of the first tube group is different from the number of tubes (5) of the second tube group. 8. Durchlaufdampferzeuger nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sich in der Rohrwand mindestens ein Rohr der einen Rohr­gruppe zwischen zwei Rohren der anderen Rohrgruppe befindet.8. continuous steam generator according to claim 1,
characterized,
that there is at least one pipe of one pipe group between two pipes of the other pipe group in the pipe wall.
EP89111630A 1988-07-26 1989-06-26 Once-through steam generator Expired - Lifetime EP0352488B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK365789A DK365789A (en) 1988-07-26 1989-07-24 FLOW STEAM GENERATOR
JP19121489A JPH0271002A (en) 1988-07-26 1989-07-24 Once-through boiler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP88112051 1988-07-26
EP88112051 1988-07-26

Publications (2)

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EP0352488A1 true EP0352488A1 (en) 1990-01-31
EP0352488B1 EP0352488B1 (en) 1993-10-06

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US (1) US4926799A (en)
EP (1) EP0352488B1 (en)
DE (1) DE58905817D1 (en)

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DE19651678A1 (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-25 Siemens Ag Steam generator
RU2559651C2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2015-08-10 Альстом Текнолоджи Лтд Supercharged steam generator fitted with heated wall surface and method of its operation

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DE4431185A1 (en) * 1994-09-01 1996-03-07 Siemens Ag Continuous steam generator

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DE19651678A1 (en) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-25 Siemens Ag Steam generator
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US4926799A (en) 1990-05-22
DE58905817D1 (en) 1993-11-11
EP0352488B1 (en) 1993-10-06

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