EP0348378B1 - Articulated device for guiding and sustaining a railway vehicle - Google Patents

Articulated device for guiding and sustaining a railway vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0348378B1
EP0348378B1 EP89870098A EP89870098A EP0348378B1 EP 0348378 B1 EP0348378 B1 EP 0348378B1 EP 89870098 A EP89870098 A EP 89870098A EP 89870098 A EP89870098 A EP 89870098A EP 0348378 B1 EP0348378 B1 EP 0348378B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pivot
articulated
cross member
wheels
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP89870098A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0348378A1 (en
Inventor
Michel De Ro
Christian Terreur
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Constructions Ferroviaires et Metalliques SA
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Constructions Ferroviaires et Metalliques SA
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Priority to AT89870098T priority Critical patent/ATE67720T1/en
Publication of EP0348378A1 publication Critical patent/EP0348378A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B61F5/44—Adjustment controlled by movements of vehicle body
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/16—Types of bogies with a separate axle for each wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/38—Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self- adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles
    • B61F5/42—Adjustment controlled by buffer or coupling gear

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an articulated device for guiding and supporting a railway vehicle, a device consisting of a deformable support equipped with at least four independent wheels and comprising a horizontal cross member secured to the body of the vehicle so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body in the vicinity of one end of this body as well as two side members, each provided with at least two wheels and articulated on the cross member on either side of the axial vertical plane so as to be able pivot horizontally and tilt to allow the wheels carried by the side members to follow the curvatures of the track and to overcome the unevenness of the latter.
  • a large number of lifting devices for railway vehicles are already known which are capable of ensuring the dynamic stability of these vehicles, both in rectilinear trajectory and in curved trajectory.
  • European patent n ° 0060000 describes a lifting and guiding device for a railway vehicle, equipped with at least four wheels mounted on a support intended to be secured to the body of a vehicle, in the vicinity of one end of this case.
  • This device consists of a crosspiece held perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and two side rails arranged, in the service position, in the longitudinal direction of the body, on either side of the above-mentioned axial vertical plane. .
  • These beams are connected to each other by means of a rod mounted on ball joints. They are articulated on the common crosspiece by vertical pivots capable of taking a certain inclination in a substantially vertical longitudinal plane.
  • These pivots are connected to each other by ball joints and a lifter secured to the cross member by means of a pivot perpendicular to the plane formed by the cross member and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the side members pivot relative to the cross member around the substantially vertical pivots and form the opposite sides of a deformable trapezoid, while the cross member remains perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle body.
  • Each of the two longitudinal members carrying the independent wheels consists of two sections articulated around vertical pivots, each section carrying at least one wheel and being controlled directionally by a system of rods mounted with ball joints.
  • each spar pivot with respect to the cross member and with respect to each other and they form the sides of two deformable trapezoids, while the cross member remains perpendicular to the body of the vehicle, the advantage of this device compared to the previous one being that it directs each wheel tangentially to the portion of track on which it rests.
  • the side members pivot horizontally around two separate pivots and it follows that the distances between the planes of the left and right wheels progressively decrease from the start of straight line traffic to reach, in tight curves, incompatible values with those of the track.
  • Driving on tracks with a small radius of curvature, with grooved rails and unworn wheels is therefore impossible without creating jams and risking derailments.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawback. It proposes a device which makes it possible to move the articulation pivots away from the two longitudinal members in order to compensate for the loss of spacing of the longitudinal members due to the deflection of the latter when the vehicle is registered in a curve and which returns the pivots of articulation aforesaid to their initial position when the vehicle leaves a curve to engage on a straight line.
  • It relates to a device for guiding and supporting a railway vehicle consisting of a deformable support with independent wheels capable of pivoting around vertical axes so as to be oriented in pairs or independently of one another according to the section of track on which they are based
  • the cross member comprises at least one articulated element carrying one of the hinge pivot pivots.
  • the longitudinal members can be rigid or consist of sections articulated together around substantially vertical pivots, each section carrying at least one wheel, a section of each longitudinal member being mounted on the cross member by an articulated element.
  • one of the articulated elements comprises two distinct vertical pivots, the first allowing the directional orientation of the spar relative to the articulated element, the second pivot allowing the pivoting of the cross member relative to the element articulated, and a means provided for receiving information and transmitting it to the articulated so as to allow correction of the distance between the vertical planes containing the wheels of each of the side members, when the device is registered in a curve.
  • An articulated element may for example consist of a crankshaft with vertical axes having a main pivot pivoting in the cross member, a crank pivoting in a rigid spar or a spar section, and another crank disposed substantially at 180 °, carrying a connecting rod ball joint mounted and extending substantially transversely to the vehicle, the connecting rod being mounted at its other end by a ball joint on an arm secured to the opposite spar or to a section of the opposite spar.
  • the articulated element is a lifter with three vertical pivots having a substantially vertical main pivot pivoting in the cross member, a first auxiliary pivot carrying a spar, and a second auxiliary pivot substantially disposed at 180 ° , bearing a connecting rod mounted with ball joint and which extends substantially transversely to the vehicle, the connecting rod being mounted at its other end by a ball joint on an arm secured to the opposite spar or to a section of the opposite spar.
  • the articulated element consists of a substantially vertical pivot carried by a slide mounted on the cross member and terminated by a ball joint connected to a connecting rod, the latter being connected at its other end to an integral arm of the spar and extending substantially perpendicular to the spar.
  • the device according to the invention is designated as a whole by the reference sign 1.
  • This device is a deformable support intended to carry a body 2 or part of the body of a railway vehicle.
  • the support 1 is equipped with four independent wheels.
  • the floor is shown in phantom in Figures 1 and 2, in the vicinity of one end of the body 2.
  • the device 1 comprises a cross member 3 arranged perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis XX 'of the body 2 and two longitudinal members 4, 44 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the body 2, on either side of the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis XX ′.
  • Each of the side members 4 and 44 carries at least two motorized or non-motorized wheels, intended to roll on the same rail.
  • FIG. 1 shows wheels 5 and 55 carried by the beam 4 and the wheels 45 and 65 carried by the beam 44.
  • the cross-member 3 is positioned relative to the body 2 of the vehicle by parallel connecting rods 32 mounted on ball joints 33, the lateral deflections being controlled by a damper 34 and stops 35.
  • Helical springs 36 or pneumatic means mounted between the cross member 3 and the body 2 as well as shock absorbers 41 mounted nearby provide a secondary suspension between the device 1 and the body 2 of the vehicle.
  • the spar 4 is coupled to the cross member 3 by means of an articulated element 7, so that it can pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y.
  • the articulated element 7 consists of a crankshaft 8 whose main axis 37, substantially vertical, pivots in the cross member 3, a crankcase 38 pivots in the spar 4 and another crankcase 39 disposed substantially at 180 °, pivots in a connecting rod 9 by means of a ball joint 13.
  • the articulated element 7 is a lifting beam 17 carrying the cross member 3, so that it can pivot in a horizontal plane (in the direction of the arrows Y shown in the figure 1).
  • the lifter comprises three vertical pivots symbolized by the axes 37, 38 and 39.
  • the pivot 37 is carried by the cross member 3
  • the pivot 38 carries a spar 4
  • the pivot 39 carries a connecting rod 9 via a ball joint 13 .
  • the articulated element 7 consists of a substantially vertical pivot 18 carried by a slide 19 mounted on the cross member 3 and terminated by a ball joint 20 pivoting in a connecting rod 21.
  • the connecting rod 21 is articulated by means of another ball joint 20 on an arm 22 integral with the spar 44, this arm extending substantially perpendicular to the stringers 4, 44.
  • the articulated element 47 consists of a spider 51 having a vertical pivot 52 which passes through the cross member 3 and a substantially horizontal pivot 53 which passes through the beam 44 with which, in plane, it is substantially perpendicular.
  • the spider 51 comprises an arm 12 directed substantially horizontally and perpendicular to the beam 44 towards the longitudinal axis of the bogie, this arm 12 carrying a ball 13 pivoting in the aforementioned connecting rod 9.
  • the articulated element 47 consists of a substantially vertical pivot 91 articulated on the cross-member 3 by means of ball joints 24 and 26 and of a connecting rod 23 articulated on the cross-member 3 by means of the ball joint 25.
  • the pivot 91 and the connecting rod 23 allow the spar 44 to pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y ( Figure 1) and to tilt vertically in the direction of the arrows Z ( Figure 2).
  • the pivots of the direction of the side members 4 and 44 are coordinated by a second connecting rod 14 mounted on ball joints 15 on appendages 16 of the side members 4 and 44.
  • the position of the articulated elements 7 is chosen, in a transverse plane 47 relative to the wheels 5, 55 and 45, 65 on the beams 4.44 or beam sections 27, 28, 57, 58 so that rolling resistances, traction forces or differential braking forces between left wheels 5, 55 and right wheels 45, 65 determine a minimum torque around the vertical axes of the articulated elements 7, 47, the position of the articulated elements 7, 47 being furthermore chosen in the longitudinal plane so that masses carried by the cross-member 3 determine at the level of the wheels 5, 45 and 55, 65, the distribution of the masses desired to best ensure the needs of grip both in traction and in 'during braking and in such a way that the center of gravity of the bogie is located, in plan, as close as possible to the transverse axis connecting said articulated elements 7, 47.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the device 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 during registration in a curve of the track.
  • the two side members 4 and 44 oscillate relative to the cross member 3 in a coordinated manner by the connecting rod 14 and in their pivoting the side members drive the arm 12, displacing the ball 13 on an arc and driving the connecting rod 9.
  • the connecting rod 9 rotates the crankshaft 8 about its pivot 37 and therefore displaces the crankcase 38 and the spar 4 in a direction transverse to the rail 6 towards the outside of the track.
  • the displacement of the spar is substantially proportional to the radius of curvature of the track, thus correcting by this width imposed on the support of the wheels, the reduction in the distance between the spars resulting from their pivoting
  • the deformable support equipped with at least four wheels 5, 55 and 45, 65 according to the invention therefore automatically and permanently maintains between the wheels, a nominal width corresponding to the width of the track.
  • the substantially horizontal axis 53 allows the spar 44 to oscillate along the arrows Z, that is to say in a vertical plane longitudinal to the vehicle relative to the whole spar 4 and cross member 3 which have only one degree of directional freedom between them.
  • This degree of freedom eliminates any torsional stress on the side members and the cross member, regardless of whether the wheels are rigidly mounted or by means of primary suspensions on the side members 4 and 44.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the articulation assemblies in the device according to the invention.
  • an articulated element with crankshaft or spreader and an articulated element with ball joints are mounted on the side of the spar 4 while the spar 44 is mounted on a vertical pivot.
  • the main vertical axis of the articulated element 7 carrying the spar 4 is secured to the cross member using the ball joints 24 and 26 and the connecting rod 23, in a manner similar to what is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the articulated element 7 thus has an additional degree of freedom thanks to which it is possible for this beam, not only to pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y (FIG. 1), but also to tilt vertically in the direction of the arrows Z ( Figure 2) so as to resume an unevenness of the track.
  • the double degree of freedom of the spar 4 makes it possible to simplify the mounting of the spar 44 for which a simple vertical pivot 91 in the cross member 3 is sufficient to ensure the directional guidance of the spar 44, since the cross member 3, which carries this vertical pivot, can pivot to a certain extent around a substantially horizontal axis, transverse to the rail.
  • the articulated element 7 grants the spar 4 two degrees of freedom limited to the pivoting according to the arrows Y and Z above.
  • the third degree of freedom is eliminated by a support arm 23 mounted by ball joints 25 on the cross member 3 and by a ball joint 26 on the vertical axis which carries the spar 4.
  • each spar consists of two sections articulated around a substantially vertical pivot 29: the spar 4 comprises the sections 27 and 28, the spar 44 comprises sections 57 and 58.
  • Each section carries at least one wheel: the section 27 carries the wheel 5, section 28 carries the wheel 45, section 57 carries the wheel 55 and section 58 carries the wheel 65.
  • a section of each spar is articulated on the cross-member 3: in FIG. 10, the section 27 is coupled by means of the articulated element 7 and the section 57 is coupled by means of the articulated element 47.
  • the pivots of sections 27 and 57 are coordinated by the connecting rod 59 mounted by ball joints 15 on appendages 16 of the sections in question.
  • the pivots of sections 27, 28, 57 and 58 are coordinated by connecting rods 50 mounted on pivots 31 integral with sections 28 and 58 and by ball joints 15 on the aforementioned connecting rod 59.
  • each wheel 5, 55, 45, 65 independently of one another in order to allow it to approach the pitch as closely as possible. to the rail section on which it rests and thus ensuring a correct registration of the device in the curve of the track.
  • the correction of extra width is done automatically as described above, the beam sections 27, 28 and 57, 58 being oriented so as to automatically align each wheel 5, 45, 55 and 65 tangentially to the portion of rail on which it rests.
  • the device according to the invention thus automatically and permanently maintains a nominal width between wheels corresponding to the width of the track and a perfect alignment of the wheels around the center of curvature of the track.
  • the body 2 of the vehicle is provided to provide a lowered circulation corridor of maximum width and to provide volumes allowing the installation of seats on either side of the circulation corridor in order to obtain the best levels of comfort, safety and habitability , while ensuring its structural mission.
  • pads 42 are provided on the longitudinal members 4 and 44 (FIG. 1) or on the longitudinal member sections 27 and 57 (FIG. 10) in order to push the body 2 in a tight curve of so as not only to bring the body 2 in the axis of the cross 3, eliminating the transverse play of the suspension means 36 towards the outside of the curve, but also push the body 2 beyond the axis of the cross 3 by reducing said play towards the inside of the curve.
  • the body is therefore pushed towards the center of curvature of the track, which has the additional effect of reducing its size towards the outside of the curve.
  • Each wheel close to the articulation means 7 and therefore carrying a large portion of the masses, can be mounted on an independent geared motor unit 43 mounted on a beam 4 or 44 (see FIGS. 1 and 10).
  • the guidance and lift device which is the subject of the present invention can be provided with auxiliary equipment, such as motors, disc brakes, brakes with magnetic pad on rails, anti-derailment stops and so-called primary suspension means between wheels 5, 45, 55 and 65 and side members 4, 44.
  • auxiliary equipment such as motors, disc brakes, brakes with magnetic pad on rails, anti-derailment stops and so-called primary suspension means between wheels 5, 45, 55 and 65 and side members 4, 44.
  • the device according to the invention also makes it possible to conserve the numerous advantages already mentioned in the European patent 0060000 and the Belgian patent 8700527 cited above. It is in particular likely to be associated with the self-convergence device of the four wheels of the bogie towards the instantaneous center of rotation corresponding to the center of curvature of the track, as described in patent 8700527 so that perfect width matches between wheels and their orientation can be obtained regardless of the curvature of the track.
  • the device according to the invention adapts cinematically without showing any constraints or restoring efforts.
  • the distribution of the loads between the wheels 5, 45 is practically independent of the external elements such as the cant, the track unevenness and the body movements of the vehicle.
  • Dynamic stability is also improved and the risk of derailment is reduced.
  • it generates less noise and less wear on the wheels and rails in the curves of the track.
  • the longitudinal members 4 and 44 may have a shape different from that shown in the drawings and be for example rectilinear.
  • the wheels are then mounted on the same side of the beam.
  • the longitudinal members can also be carried by the cross member 3 so as to obtain a different distribution of the masses on their respective wheels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)
  • Handcart (AREA)
  • Steering Controls (AREA)

Abstract

A device consisting of a deformable support equipped with at least four independent wheels (5, 55 and 45, 65) and comprising a horizontal transom (3) and two sole bars (4, 44) which pivot and can be inclined relative to the transom (3). <??>The two sole bars (4, 44), each provided with at least two wheels (5, 55 and 45, 65), are mounted on articulated elements (7, 47) fixed to the transom (3) on either side of the longitudinal axial vertical plane of the vehicle, such that the articulation pivots (for example 18, 38, 52, 91) of the sole bars (4, 44) have variable relative positions. This results in a compensation of the reduction in distance between sole bars (4, 44) which occurs when they pivot, and hence a constant good match between the spacing of the wheels (5, 45, 55, 65) and the width of the track.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif articulé de guidage et de sustentation d'un véhicule ferroviaire, dispositif constitué d'un support déformable équipé d'au moins quatre roues indépendantes et comprenant une traverse horizontale assujettie à la caisse du véhicule de manière à être perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de la caisse au voisinage d'une extrémité de cette caisse ainsi que deux longerons, munis chacun d'au moins deux roues et articulés sur la traverse de part et d'autre du plan vertical axial de manière à pouvoir pivoter horizontalement et s'incliner afin de permettre aux roues portées par les longerons de suivre les courbures de la voie et de franchir les inégalités de celle-ci.The present invention relates to an articulated device for guiding and supporting a railway vehicle, a device consisting of a deformable support equipped with at least four independent wheels and comprising a horizontal cross member secured to the body of the vehicle so as to be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the body in the vicinity of one end of this body as well as two side members, each provided with at least two wheels and articulated on the cross member on either side of the axial vertical plane so as to be able pivot horizontally and tilt to allow the wheels carried by the side members to follow the curvatures of the track and to overcome the unevenness of the latter.

Elle trouve sa principale application dans le transport urbain, notamment lorsque le parcours présente des courbes de faible rayon, lorsque l'infrastructure de la voie requiert des dispositifs de guidage et de sustentation légers et peu encombrants, ou encore lorsque des couloirs de circulation surbaissés et de largeur importante doivent être aménagés au droit desdits dispositifs.It finds its main application in urban transport, especially when the route has curves of small radius, when the track infrastructure requires light and space-saving guidance and lift devices, or even when low traffic corridors and of large width must be fitted to the right of said devices.

On connaît déjà un grand nombre de dispositifs de sustentation de véhicules ferroviaires aptes à assurer la stabilité dynamique de ces véhicules, tant en trajectoire rectiligne qu'en trajectoire courbe.A large number of lifting devices for railway vehicles are already known which are capable of ensuring the dynamic stability of these vehicles, both in rectilinear trajectory and in curved trajectory.

Le brevet européen n°0060000 décrit un dispositif de sustentation et de guidage d'un véhicule ferroviaire, équipé d'au moins quatre roues montées sur un support destiné à être assujetti à la caisse d'un véhicule, au voisinage d'une extrémité de cette caisse.European patent n ° 0060000 describes a lifting and guiding device for a railway vehicle, equipped with at least four wheels mounted on a support intended to be secured to the body of a vehicle, in the vicinity of one end of this case.

Ce dispositif est constitué d'une traverse maintenue perpendiculaire au plan vertical contenant l'axe longitudinal du véhicule et de deux longerons disposés, en position de service, dans le sens longitudinal de la caisse, de part et d'autre du plan vertical axial susdit. Ces longerons sont reliés l'un à l'autre par l'intermédiaire d'une tringle montée sur des rotules. Ils sont articulés sur la traverse commune par des pivots verticaux susceptibles de prendre une certaine inclinaison dans un plan sensiblement vertical longitudinal. Ces pivots sont reliés entre eux par des rotules et un palonnier solidaire de la traverse au moyen d'un pivot perpendiculaire au plan formé par la traverse et l'axe longitudinal du véhicule.This device consists of a crosspiece held perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and two side rails arranged, in the service position, in the longitudinal direction of the body, on either side of the above-mentioned axial vertical plane. . These beams are connected to each other by means of a rod mounted on ball joints. They are articulated on the common crosspiece by vertical pivots capable of taking a certain inclination in a substantially vertical longitudinal plane. These pivots are connected to each other by ball joints and a lifter secured to the cross member by means of a pivot perpendicular to the plane formed by the cross member and the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

Dans les courbes, les longerons pivotent par rapport à la traverse autour des pivots sensiblement verticaux et forment les côtés opposés d'un trapèze déformable, tandis que la traverse reste perpendiculaire à l'axe longitudinal de la caisse du véhicule.In the curves, the side members pivot relative to the cross member around the substantially vertical pivots and form the opposite sides of a deformable trapezoid, while the cross member remains perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle body.

Le brevet belge 8700527 décrit un dispositif similaire à celui décrit dans le brevet européen précité. Chacun des deux longerons portant les roues indépendantes est constitué de deux sections articulées autour de pivots verticaux, chaque section portant au moins une roue et étant contrôlée directionnellement par un système de tringles montées à rotules.Belgian patent 8700527 describes a device similar to that described in the aforementioned European patent. Each of the two longitudinal members carrying the independent wheels consists of two sections articulated around vertical pivots, each section carrying at least one wheel and being controlled directionally by a system of rods mounted with ball joints.

Dans les courbes, les sections de chaque longeron pivotent par rapport à la traverse et par rapport l'un à l' autre et elles forment les côtés de deux trapèzes déformables, tandis que la traverse reste perpendiculaire à la caisse du véhicule, l'avantage de ce dispositif par rapport au précédent étant qu'il oriente chaque roue tangenttiellement à la portion de voie sur laquelle elle s'appuie.In the curves, the sections of each spar pivot with respect to the cross member and with respect to each other and they form the sides of two deformable trapezoids, while the cross member remains perpendicular to the body of the vehicle, the advantage of this device compared to the previous one being that it directs each wheel tangentially to the portion of track on which it rests.

Dans les deux dispositifs précités, les longerons pivotent horizontalement autour de deux pivots distincts et il en résulte que les distances entre les plans des roues gauches et droites diminuent progressivement au départ de la circulation en ligne droite pour atteindre, en courbes serrées, des valeurs incompatibles avec celles de la voie. La circulation sur voie à faible rayon de courbure, avec rails à gorges et roues non usées est par conséquent rendue impossible sans créer des coincements et sans risquer des déraillements.In the two aforementioned devices, the side members pivot horizontally around two separate pivots and it follows that the distances between the planes of the left and right wheels progressively decrease from the start of straight line traffic to reach, in tight curves, incompatible values with those of the track. Driving on tracks with a small radius of curvature, with grooved rails and unworn wheels is therefore impossible without creating jams and risking derailments.

La présente invention vise à remédier à l' inconvénient précité. Elle propose un dispositif qui permet d'éloigner les pivots d'articulation des deux longerons en vue de compenser la perte d'écartement des longerons due au braquage de ceux-ci lors de l'inscription du véhicule dans une courbe et qui ramène les pivots d'articulation susdits à leur position initiale lorsque le véhicule quitte une courbe pour s'engager sur une ligne droite.The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawback. It proposes a device which makes it possible to move the articulation pivots away from the two longitudinal members in order to compensate for the loss of spacing of the longitudinal members due to the deflection of the latter when the vehicle is registered in a curve and which returns the pivots of articulation aforesaid to their initial position when the vehicle leaves a curve to engage on a straight line.

Elle a pour objet un dispositif de guidage et de sustentation d'un véhicule ferroviaire constitué d'un support déformable à roues indépendantes susceptibles de pivoter autour d'axes verticaux de façon à s'orienter par paires ou indépendamment l'une de l'autre en fonction du tronçon de voie sur lequel elles s'appuientIt relates to a device for guiding and supporting a railway vehicle consisting of a deformable support with independent wheels capable of pivoting around vertical axes so as to be oriented in pairs or independently of one another according to the section of track on which they are based

Cet objectif est atteint selon l'invention par un dispositif essentiellement caractérisé en ce que la traverse présente à ses extrémités des pivots d'articulation de longerons ayant des positions relatives variables.This objective is achieved according to the invention by a device essentially characterized in that the cross member has at its ends hinge pivots of beams having variable relative positions.

Selon une particularité de l'invention, la traverse comporte au moins un élément articulé portant un des pivots d'articulation de longeron.According to a feature of the invention, the cross member comprises at least one articulated element carrying one of the hinge pivot pivots.

Les longerons peuvent être rigides ou constitués de sections articulées entre elles autour de pivots sensiblement verticaux, chaque section portant au moins une roue, une section de chaque longeron étant montée sur la traverse par un élément articulé.The longitudinal members can be rigid or consist of sections articulated together around substantially vertical pivots, each section carrying at least one wheel, a section of each longitudinal member being mounted on the cross member by an articulated element.

Dans une première forme d'exécution, un des éléments articulés comprend deux pivots verticaux distincts, le premier permettant l'orientation directionnelle du longeron par rapport à l'élément articulé, le second pivot permettant le pivotement de la traverse par rapport à l'élément articulé, et un moyen prévu pour recevoir une information et la transmettre à t'été- ment articulé de manière à permettre la correction de la distance entre les plans verticaux contenant les roues de chacun des longerons, lors de l'inscription du dispositif dans une courbe.In a first embodiment, one of the articulated elements comprises two distinct vertical pivots, the first allowing the directional orientation of the spar relative to the articulated element, the second pivot allowing the pivoting of the cross member relative to the element articulated, and a means provided for receiving information and transmitting it to the articulated so as to allow correction of the distance between the vertical planes containing the wheels of each of the side members, when the device is registered in a curve.

Un élément articulé peut par exemple être constitué d'un vilebrequin à axes verticaux ayant un pivot principal pivotant dans la traverse, un manneton pivotant dans un longeron rigide ou une section de longeron, et un autre manneton disposé sensiblement à 180°, portant une bielle montée à rotule et s'étendant sensiblement transversalement au véhicule, la bielle étant montée à son autre extrémité par une rotule sur un bras solidaire du longeron opposé ou d'une section du longeron opposé.An articulated element may for example consist of a crankshaft with vertical axes having a main pivot pivoting in the cross member, a crank pivoting in a rigid spar or a spar section, and another crank disposed substantially at 180 °, carrying a connecting rod ball joint mounted and extending substantially transversely to the vehicle, the connecting rod being mounted at its other end by a ball joint on an arm secured to the opposite spar or to a section of the opposite spar.

Dans une autre forme d'exécution, l'élément articulé est un palonnier à trois pivots verticaux ayant un pivot principal sensiblement vertical pivotant dans la traverse, un premier pivot auxiliaire portant un longeron, et un second pivot auxiliaire sensiblement disposé à 1800, portant une bielle montée à rotule et qui s'étend sensiblement transversalement au véhicule, la bielle étant montée à son autre extrémité par une rotule sur un bras solidaire du longeron opposé ou d'une section du longeron opposé.In another embodiment, the articulated element is a lifter with three vertical pivots having a substantially vertical main pivot pivoting in the cross member, a first auxiliary pivot carrying a spar, and a second auxiliary pivot substantially disposed at 180 ° , bearing a connecting rod mounted with ball joint and which extends substantially transversely to the vehicle, the connecting rod being mounted at its other end by a ball joint on an arm secured to the opposite spar or to a section of the opposite spar.

Dans une autre forme d'exécution, l'élément articulé est constitué par un pivot sensiblement vertical porté par un coulisseau monté sur la traverse et terminé par une rotule connectée à une bielle, celle-ci étant connectée à son autre extrémité à un bras solidaire du longeron et s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement au longeron.In another embodiment, the articulated element consists of a substantially vertical pivot carried by a slide mounted on the cross member and terminated by a ball joint connected to a connecting rod, the latter being connected at its other end to an integral arm of the spar and extending substantially perpendicular to the spar.

D'autres particularités et détails de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description qui suit, faite en s'appuyant sur les dessins joints.Other features and details of the invention will appear during the description which follows, made on the basis of the accompanying drawings.

Dans ces dessins :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en plan d'un mode de réalisation préféré du dispositif suivant l'invention, sur trajectoire rectiligne ;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en élévation latérale du dispositif illustré à la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en plan analogue à celle de la figure 1, montrant le dispositif de la figure 1 s'inscrivant dans une courbe d'une voie ferroviaire.
  • - la figure 4 montre un élément articulé à vilebrequin' ;
  • - la figure 5 montre un élément articulé à palonnier- :
  • - la figure 6 montre un élément articulé "à coulisseau" ;
  • - la figure 7 montre un élément articulé à croisillon« ;
  • - la figure 8 montre un élément articulé à rotules" ;
  • - la figure 9 montre une variante d'exécution des éléments articulés dans le dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 10 est une vue en plan d'un deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • - la figure 11 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 10 mais montrant le dispositif s'inscrivant dans une courbe d'une voie ferroviaire.
In these drawings:
  • - Figure 1 is a plan view of a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, on a straight path;
  • - Figure 2 is a side elevational view of the device illustrated in Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 is a plan view similar to that of Figure 1, showing the device of Figure 1 forming part of a curve of a railway track.
  • - Figure 4 shows an articulated crankshaft element ';
  • - Figure 5 shows a hinged lifting element -:
  • - Figure 6 shows an articulated element "slide";
  • - Figure 7 shows a hinged cross member ";
  • - Figure 8 shows a ball joint ";
  • - Figure 9 shows an alternative embodiment of the articulated elements in the device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 10 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the device according to the invention;
  • - Figure 11 is a view similar to that of Figure 10 but showing the device forming part of a curve of a railway track.

Dans ces différentes figures, les mêmes signes de référence désignent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In these different figures, the same reference signs designate identical or analogous elements.

Comme illustré aux figures 1 et 2, le dispositif selon l'invention est désigné dans son ensemble par le signe de référence 1. Ce dispositif est un support déformable destiné à porter une caisse 2 ou une partie de caisse d'un véhicule ferroviaire. Le support 1 est équipé de quatre roues indépendantes.As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the device according to the invention is designated as a whole by the reference sign 1. This device is a deformable support intended to carry a body 2 or part of the body of a railway vehicle. The support 1 is equipped with four independent wheels.

Le plancher est montré en traits mixtes aux figures 1 et 2, au voisinage d'une extrémité de la caisse 2. Le dispositif 1 comprend une traverse 3 disposée perpendiculairement au plan vertical contenant l'axe longitudinal X-X' de la caisse 2 et deux longerons 4, 44 qui s'étendent dans la direction longitudinale de la caisse 2, de part et d'autre du plan vertical contenant l'axe longitudinal X-X'. Chacun des longerons 4 et 44 porte au moins deux roues motorisées ou non, destinées à rouler sur un même rail. La figure 1 montre des roues 5 et 55 portées par le longeron 4 et les roues 45 et 65 portées par le longeron 44.The floor is shown in phantom in Figures 1 and 2, in the vicinity of one end of the body 2. The device 1 comprises a cross member 3 arranged perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis XX 'of the body 2 and two longitudinal members 4, 44 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the body 2, on either side of the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis XX ′. Each of the side members 4 and 44 carries at least two motorized or non-motorized wheels, intended to roll on the same rail. FIG. 1 shows wheels 5 and 55 carried by the beam 4 and the wheels 45 and 65 carried by the beam 44.

La traverse 3 est positionnée par rapport à la caisse 2 du véhicule par des bielles parallèles 32 montées sur des rotules 33, les débattements latéraux étant contrôlés par un amortisseur 34 et des butées 35.The cross-member 3 is positioned relative to the body 2 of the vehicle by parallel connecting rods 32 mounted on ball joints 33, the lateral deflections being controlled by a damper 34 and stops 35.

Des ressorts hélicoïdaux 36 ou des moyens pneumatiques montés entre la traverse 3 et la caisse 2 ainsi que des amortisseurs 41 montés à proximité assurent une suspension secondaire entre le dispositif 1 et la caisse 2 du véhicule.Helical springs 36 or pneumatic means mounted between the cross member 3 and the body 2 as well as shock absorbers 41 mounted nearby provide a secondary suspension between the device 1 and the body 2 of the vehicle.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, le longeron 4 est couplé à la traverse 3 au moyen d'un élément articulé 7, de manière qu'il puisse pivoter horizontalement suivant le sens des flèches Y.According to a first embodiment, the spar 4 is coupled to the cross member 3 by means of an articulated element 7, so that it can pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y.

Dans une première forme d'exécution (figure 4), l'élément articulé 7 est constitué par un vilebrequin 8 dont l'axe principal 37, sensiblement vertical, pivote dans la traverse 3, un manneton 38 pivote dans le longeron 4 et un autre manneton 39 disposé sensiblement à 180°, pivote dans une bielle 9 au moyen d'une rotule 13.In a first embodiment (Figure 4), the articulated element 7 consists of a crankshaft 8 whose main axis 37, substantially vertical, pivots in the cross member 3, a crankcase 38 pivots in the spar 4 and another crankcase 39 disposed substantially at 180 °, pivots in a connecting rod 9 by means of a ball joint 13.

Dans une deuxième forme d'exécution, illustrée à la figure 5, l'élément articulé 7 est un palonnier 17 portant la traverse 3, de manière qu'il puisse pivoter dans un plan horizontal (dans le sens des flèches Y montrées sur la figure 1). Le palonnier comprend trois pivots verticaux symbolisés par les axes 37, 38 et 39. Le pivot 37 est porté par la traverse 3, le pivot 38 porte un longeron 4 et le pivot 39 porte une bielle 9 par l'intermédiaire d'une rotule 13.In a second embodiment, illustrated in FIG. 5, the articulated element 7 is a lifting beam 17 carrying the cross member 3, so that it can pivot in a horizontal plane (in the direction of the arrows Y shown in the figure 1). The lifter comprises three vertical pivots symbolized by the axes 37, 38 and 39. The pivot 37 is carried by the cross member 3, the pivot 38 carries a spar 4 and the pivot 39 carries a connecting rod 9 via a ball joint 13 .

Dans une troisième forme d'exécution (figure 6), l'élément articulé 7 est constitué par un pivot 18 sensiblement vertical porté par un coulisseau 19 monté sur la traverse 3 et terminé par une rotule 20 pivotant dans une bielle 21. A son autre extrémité la bielle 21 est articulée au moyen d'une autre rotule 20 sur un bras 22 solidaire du longeron 44, ce bras s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement aux longerons 4, 44.In a third embodiment (Figure 6), the articulated element 7 consists of a substantially vertical pivot 18 carried by a slide 19 mounted on the cross member 3 and terminated by a ball joint 20 pivoting in a connecting rod 21. At its other end the connecting rod 21 is articulated by means of another ball joint 20 on an arm 22 integral with the spar 44, this arm extending substantially perpendicular to the stringers 4, 44.

Revenant aux figures 1 et 2, on voit que sur le longeron de droite 44 est prévu un élément articulé 47 fixé à la traverse 3 de manière que le longeron puisse d'une part pivoter horizontalement dans le sens des flèches Y (flg. 1) et, d'autre part, s'incliner suivant les flèches Z (fig. 2).Returning to Figures 1 and 2, we see that on the right spar 44 is provided an articulated element 47 fixed to the cross member 3 so that the spar can firstly pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y (flg. 1) and, on the other hand, tilt according to the arrows Z (fig. 2).

Dans une première forme d'exécution illustrée à la figure 7, l' élément articulé 47 est constitué d'un croisillon 51 présentant un pivot vertical 52 qui traverse la traverse 3 et un pivot sensiblement horizontal 53 qui traverse le longeron 44 avec lequel, en plan, il est sensiblement perpendiculaire. Le croisillon 51 comporte un bras 12 dirigé sensiblement horizontalement et perpendiculairement au longeron 44 vers l'axe longitudinal du bogie, ce bras 12 portant une rotule 13 pivotant dans la bielle 9 précitée.In a first embodiment illustrated in Figure 7, the articulated element 47 consists of a spider 51 having a vertical pivot 52 which passes through the cross member 3 and a substantially horizontal pivot 53 which passes through the beam 44 with which, in plane, it is substantially perpendicular. The spider 51 comprises an arm 12 directed substantially horizontally and perpendicular to the beam 44 towards the longitudinal axis of the bogie, this arm 12 carrying a ball 13 pivoting in the aforementioned connecting rod 9.

Dans une seconde forme d'exécution illustrée à la figure 8, l'élément articulé 47 est constitué d'un pivot sensiblement vertical 91 articulé sur la traverse 3 au moyen de rotules 24 et 26 et d'une bielle 23 articulée sur la traverse 3 au moyen de la rotule 25. Le pivot 91 et la bielle 23 permettent au longeron 44 de pivoter horizontalement dans le sens des flèches Y (figure 1) et de s'incliner verticalement dans le sens des flèches Z (figure 2).In a second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8, the articulated element 47 consists of a substantially vertical pivot 91 articulated on the cross-member 3 by means of ball joints 24 and 26 and of a connecting rod 23 articulated on the cross-member 3 by means of the ball joint 25. The pivot 91 and the connecting rod 23 allow the spar 44 to pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y (Figure 1) and to tilt vertically in the direction of the arrows Z (Figure 2).

Les pivotements de la direction des longerons 4 et44 sont coordonnés parune seconde bielle 14 montée à rotules 15 sur des appendices 16 des longerons 4 et 44.The pivots of the direction of the side members 4 and 44 are coordinated by a second connecting rod 14 mounted on ball joints 15 on appendages 16 of the side members 4 and 44.

Suivant l'invention, on choisit la position des éléments articulés 7, dans un plan transversal 47 par rapport aux roues 5, 55 et 45, 65 sur les longerons 4,44 ou sections de longeron 27, 28, 57, 58 de manière que des résistances au roulement, des efforts de traction ou des efforts de freinage différentiels entre roues gauches 5, 55 et droites 45, 65 déterminent un couple de rotation minimum autour des axes verticaux des éléments articulés 7, 47, la position des éléments articulés 7, 47 étant en outre choisie dans le plan longitudinal de manière que des masses portées par la traverse 3 déterminent au niveau des roues 5, 45 et 55, 65, la distribution des masses désirée pour assurer au mieux les besoins d'adhérence tant en traction qu'en freinage et de manière telle que le centre de gravité du bogie soit situé, en plan, le plus près possible de l'axe transversal reliant lesdits éléments articulés 7, 47.According to the invention, the position of the articulated elements 7 is chosen, in a transverse plane 47 relative to the wheels 5, 55 and 45, 65 on the beams 4.44 or beam sections 27, 28, 57, 58 so that rolling resistances, traction forces or differential braking forces between left wheels 5, 55 and right wheels 45, 65 determine a minimum torque around the vertical axes of the articulated elements 7, 47, the position of the articulated elements 7, 47 being furthermore chosen in the longitudinal plane so that masses carried by the cross-member 3 determine at the level of the wheels 5, 45 and 55, 65, the distribution of the masses desired to best ensure the needs of grip both in traction and in 'during braking and in such a way that the center of gravity of the bogie is located, in plan, as close as possible to the transverse axis connecting said articulated elements 7, 47.

La figure 3 ilustre le dispositif 1 selon les figures 1 et 2 lors de l'inscription dans une courbe de la voie.Figure 3 illustrates the device 1 according to Figures 1 and 2 during registration in a curve of the track.

Quelle que soit l'orientation de la courbure vers la gauche ou vers la droite, les deux longerons 4 et 44 oscillent par rapport à la traverse 3 de façon coordonnée par la bielle 14 et dans leurs pivotements les longerons entraînent le bras 12, déplaçant la rotule 13 sur un arc et entraînant la bielle 9.Whatever the orientation of the curvature to the left or to the right, the two side members 4 and 44 oscillate relative to the cross member 3 in a coordinated manner by the connecting rod 14 and in their pivoting the side members drive the arm 12, displacing the ball 13 on an arc and driving the connecting rod 9.

La bielle 9 fait pivoter le vilebrequin 8 autour de son pivot 37 et déplace donc le manneton 38 et le longeron 4 dans une direction transversale au rail 6 vers l'extérieur de la voie. Le déplacement du longeron est sensiblement proportionnel au rayon de courbure de la voie, corrigeant ainsi par cette sudargeur imposée au support des roues, la diminution de la distance entre les longerons résultant de leur pivotement Le support déformable équipé d'au moins quatre roues 5, 55 et 45, 65 selon l'invention, maintient donc automatiquement et en permanence entre les roues, une largeur nominale correspondant à la largeur de la voie.The connecting rod 9 rotates the crankshaft 8 about its pivot 37 and therefore displaces the crankcase 38 and the spar 4 in a direction transverse to the rail 6 towards the outside of the track. The displacement of the spar is substantially proportional to the radius of curvature of the track, thus correcting by this width imposed on the support of the wheels, the reduction in the distance between the spars resulting from their pivoting The deformable support equipped with at least four wheels 5, 55 and 45, 65 according to the invention, therefore automatically and permanently maintains between the wheels, a nominal width corresponding to the width of the track.

Lors du franchissement d'une dénivellation de la voie, l'axe sensiblement horizontal 53 permet au longeron 44 d'osciller suivant les flèches Z, c'est-à-dire dans un plan vertical longitudinal au véhicule par rapport à l'ensemble du longeron 4 et de la traverse 3 qui ne présentent entre eux qu'un seul degré de liberté directionnelle. Ce degré de liberté élimine toute sollicitation en torsion au niveau des longerons et de la traverse, indépendamment du fait que les roues sont montées rigidement ou par l'intermédiaire de suspensions primaires sur les longerons 4 et 44.When crossing a slope of the track, the substantially horizontal axis 53 allows the spar 44 to oscillate along the arrows Z, that is to say in a vertical plane longitudinal to the vehicle relative to the whole spar 4 and cross member 3 which have only one degree of directional freedom between them. This degree of freedom eliminates any torsional stress on the side members and the cross member, regardless of whether the wheels are rigidly mounted or by means of primary suspensions on the side members 4 and 44.

La figure 9 illustre une variante d'exécution des ensembles d'articulation dans le dispositif selon l'invention. Dans ce mode d'exécution, un élément articulé à vilebrequin ou à palonnier et un élément articulé à rotules sont montés du côté du longeron 4 tandis que le longeron 44 se trouve monté sur un pivot vertical. L'axe vertical principal de l'élément articulé 7 portant le longeron 4 est solidarisé à la traverse à l'aide des rotules 24 et 26 et de la bielle 23, d'une manière analogue à ce qui est montré à la figure 8. L'élément articulé 7 possède ainsi un degré de liberté supplémentaire grâce auquel il est permis à ce longeron, non seulement de pivoter horizontalement dans le sens des flèches Y (figure 1), mais aussi de s'incliner verticalement dans le sens des flèches Z (figure 2) de manière à reprendre une inégalité de la voie.FIG. 9 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the articulation assemblies in the device according to the invention. In this embodiment, an articulated element with crankshaft or spreader and an articulated element with ball joints are mounted on the side of the spar 4 while the spar 44 is mounted on a vertical pivot. The main vertical axis of the articulated element 7 carrying the spar 4 is secured to the cross member using the ball joints 24 and 26 and the connecting rod 23, in a manner similar to what is shown in FIG. 8. The articulated element 7 thus has an additional degree of freedom thanks to which it is possible for this beam, not only to pivot horizontally in the direction of the arrows Y (FIG. 1), but also to tilt vertically in the direction of the arrows Z (Figure 2) so as to resume an unevenness of the track.

Le double degré de liberté du longeron 4 permet de simplifier le montage du longeron 44 pour lequel un simple pivot vertical 91 dans la traverse 3, suffit pour assurer le guidage directionnel du longeron 44, puisque la traverse 3, qui porte ce pivot verticai, peut pivoter dans une certaine mesure autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal, transversal au rail. L'élément articulé 7 accorde au longeron 4 deux degrés de liberté limités aux pivotements selon les flèches Y et Z précitées. Le troisième degré de liberté est supprimé par un bras-support 23 monté par des rotules 25 sur la traverse 3 et par une rotule 26 sur l'axe vertical qui porte le longeron 4.The double degree of freedom of the spar 4 makes it possible to simplify the mounting of the spar 44 for which a simple vertical pivot 91 in the cross member 3 is sufficient to ensure the directional guidance of the spar 44, since the cross member 3, which carries this vertical pivot, can pivot to a certain extent around a substantially horizontal axis, transverse to the rail. The articulated element 7 grants the spar 4 two degrees of freedom limited to the pivoting according to the arrows Y and Z above. The third degree of freedom is eliminated by a support arm 23 mounted by ball joints 25 on the cross member 3 and by a ball joint 26 on the vertical axis which carries the spar 4.

Les figures 10 et 11 illustrent un deuxième mode de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention. Dans ce mode de réalisation, chaque longeron est constitué de deux sections articulées autour d'un pivot 29 sensiblement vertical : le longeron 4 comprend les sections 27 et 28, le longeron 44 comprend des sections 57 et 58. Chaque section porte au moins une roue : la section 27 porte la roue 5, la section 28 porte la roue 45, la section 57 porte la roue 55 et la section 58 porte la roue 65. Une section de chaque longeron est articulée sur la traverse 3 : à la figure 10, la section 27 est couplée au moyen de l'élément articulé 7 et la section 57 est couplée au moyen de l'élément articulé 47.Figures 10 and 11 illustrate a second embodiment of the device according to the invention. In this embodiment, each spar consists of two sections articulated around a substantially vertical pivot 29: the spar 4 comprises the sections 27 and 28, the spar 44 comprises sections 57 and 58. Each section carries at least one wheel: the section 27 carries the wheel 5, section 28 carries the wheel 45, section 57 carries the wheel 55 and section 58 carries the wheel 65. A section of each spar is articulated on the cross-member 3: in FIG. 10, the section 27 is coupled by means of the articulated element 7 and the section 57 is coupled by means of the articulated element 47.

Les pivotements des sections 27 et 57 sont coordonnés par la bielle 59 montée par des rotules 15 sur des appendices 16 des sections en question. Les pivotements des sections 27, 28, 57 et 58 sont coordonnés par des bielles 50 montées sur des pivots 31 solidaires des sections 28 et 58 et par des rotules 15 sur la bielle 59 précitée.The pivots of sections 27 and 57 are coordinated by the connecting rod 59 mounted by ball joints 15 on appendages 16 of the sections in question. The pivots of sections 27, 28, 57 and 58 are coordinated by connecting rods 50 mounted on pivots 31 integral with sections 28 and 58 and by ball joints 15 on the aforementioned connecting rod 59.

Le pivotement des deux sections de chaque longeron autour d'un axe vertical permet d'orienter direo- tionnellement chaque roue 5, 55, 45, 65 indépendamment l'une de l'autre afin de lui permettre d'approcher au mieux de la tangeante à la section de rail sur laquelle elle s'appuie et donc en assurant une inscription correcte du dispositif dans la courbe de la voie.The pivoting of the two sections of each spar about a vertical axis makes it possible to orient each wheel 5, 55, 45, 65 independently of one another in order to allow it to approach the pitch as closely as possible. to the rail section on which it rests and thus ensuring a correct registration of the device in the curve of the track.

Lors de l'inscription dans une courbe, la correction de surlargeur se fait automatiquement tel que décrit plus haut, les sections de longeron 27,28 et 57, 58 s'orientant de manière à aligner automatiquement chaque roue 5, 45, 55 et 65 tangentiellement à la portion de rail sur laquelle elle s'appuie. Le dispositif selon l'invention maintient ainsi automatiquement et en permanence une largeur nominale entre roues correspondant à la largeur de la voie et un alignement parfait des roues autour du centre de courbure de la voie.When entering in a curve, the correction of extra width is done automatically as described above, the beam sections 27, 28 and 57, 58 being oriented so as to automatically align each wheel 5, 45, 55 and 65 tangentially to the portion of rail on which it rests. The device according to the invention thus automatically and permanently maintains a nominal width between wheels corresponding to the width of the track and a perfect alignment of the wheels around the center of curvature of the track.

La caisse 2 du véhicule est prévue pour ménager un couloir de circulation surbaissé de largeur maximum et ménager des volumes permettant l'installation des sièges de part et d'autre du couloir de circulation afin d'obtenir les meilleurs niveaux de confort, sécurité et habitabilité, tout en assurant sa mission structurelle.The body 2 of the vehicle is provided to provide a lowered circulation corridor of maximum width and to provide volumes allowing the installation of seats on either side of the circulation corridor in order to obtain the best levels of comfort, safety and habitability , while ensuring its structural mission.

Afin d'augmenter la largeur du couloir de circulation, des patins 42 sont prévus sur les longerons 4 et 44 (figure 1) ou sur les sections de longeron 27 et 57 (figure 10) afin de repousser la caisse 2 dans une courbe serrée de manière à non seulement ramener la caisse 2 dans l'axe de la traverse 3, en supprimant le jeu transversal du moyen de suspension 36 vers l'extérieur de la courbe, mais également repousser la caisse 2 au delà de l'axe de la traverse 3 en réduisant ledit jeu vers l'intérieur de la courbe. La caisse se trouve donc repoussée vers le centre de courbure de la voie, ce qui a pour effet complémentaire de réduire son gabarit vers l'extérieur de la courbe.In order to increase the width of the circulation corridor, pads 42 are provided on the longitudinal members 4 and 44 (FIG. 1) or on the longitudinal member sections 27 and 57 (FIG. 10) in order to push the body 2 in a tight curve of so as not only to bring the body 2 in the axis of the cross 3, eliminating the transverse play of the suspension means 36 towards the outside of the curve, but also push the body 2 beyond the axis of the cross 3 by reducing said play towards the inside of the curve. The body is therefore pushed towards the center of curvature of the track, which has the additional effect of reducing its size towards the outside of the curve.

Chaque roue proche des moyens d'articulation 7 et portant donc une part importante des masses, peut être montée sur un ensemble moto-réducteur 43 indépendant monté sur un longeron 4 ou 44 (voir figures 1 et 10).Each wheel close to the articulation means 7 and therefore carrying a large portion of the masses, can be mounted on an independent geared motor unit 43 mounted on a beam 4 or 44 (see FIGS. 1 and 10).

Le dispositif de guidage et de sustentation qui fait l'objet de la présente invention peut être muni d'équipements auxiliaires, tels que moteurs, freins à disques, freins à patin magnétique sur rails, butées anti-déraillement et moyen de suspension dite primaire entre roues 5, 45, 55 et 65 et longerons 4, 44.The guidance and lift device which is the subject of the present invention can be provided with auxiliary equipment, such as motors, disc brakes, brakes with magnetic pad on rails, anti-derailment stops and so-called primary suspension means between wheels 5, 45, 55 and 65 and side members 4, 44.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet également de conserver les nombreux avantages déjà mentionnés dans le brevet européen 0060000 et le brevet belge 8700527 cités précédemment. Il est notamment susceptible d'être associé au dispositifd'auto-convergence des quatre roues du bogie vers le centre instantané de rotation correspondant au centre de courbure de la voie, tel que décrit au brevet 8700527 de telle sorte que de parfaites adéquations de largeur entre roues et d'orientation de celles-ci puissent être obtenues quelle que soit la courbure de la voie.The device according to the invention also makes it possible to conserve the numerous advantages already mentioned in the European patent 0060000 and the Belgian patent 8700527 cited above. It is in particular likely to be associated with the self-convergence device of the four wheels of the bogie towards the instantaneous center of rotation corresponding to the center of curvature of the track, as described in patent 8700527 so that perfect width matches between wheels and their orientation can be obtained regardless of the curvature of the track.

Le dispositif selon l'invention s'adapte cinémati- quement sans faire apparaître de contraintes ni d'efforts de rappel. De ce fait, la répartition des charges entre les roues 5, 45 est pratiquement indépendante des éléments extérieurs tels que le dévers, les inégalités de voie et les mouvements de caisse du véhicule. La stabilité dynamique est aussi améliorée et les risques de déraillement sont réduits. En outre, il engendre moins de bruit et moins d'usure des roues et des rails dans les courbes de la voie.The device according to the invention adapts cinematically without showing any constraints or restoring efforts. As a result, the distribution of the loads between the wheels 5, 45 is practically independent of the external elements such as the cant, the track unevenness and the body movements of the vehicle. Dynamic stability is also improved and the risk of derailment is reduced. In addition, it generates less noise and less wear on the wheels and rails in the curves of the track.

Il est évident que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux détails décrits plus haut pour réaliser le pivotement, l'inclinaison et l'écartement des longerons 4, 44 et que de nombreuses modifications peuvent être apportées à ces détails sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the details described above for carrying out the pivoting, the inclination and the spacing of the side members 4, 44 and that numerous modifications can be made to these details without departing from the scope of the invention.

Les longerons 4 et 44 peuvent présenter une forme différente de celle montrée dans les dessins et être par exemple rectilignes. Les roues sont alors montées du même côté du longeron. Les longerons peuvent également être portés par la traverse 3 de manière à obtenir une distribution différente des masses sur leurs roues respectives.The longitudinal members 4 and 44 may have a shape different from that shown in the drawings and be for example rectilinear. The wheels are then mounted on the same side of the beam. The longitudinal members can also be carried by the cross member 3 so as to obtain a different distribution of the masses on their respective wheels.

Claims (16)

1. Articulated device for guiding and supporting a rail vehicle, formed by a deformable support fitted with at least four independent wheels (5, 55 and 45, 65) and comprising a substantially horizontal cross member (3) secured to the body (2) of the vehicle so as to be perpendicular to the vertical plane containing the longitudinal axis (X, X') of the body (2) close to one end of the latter, and two side members (4, 44) each fitted with at least two wheels (5, 55 and 45, 65) and articulated on the cross member (3) on each side of the above mentioned vertical plane, so as to be able to pivot horizontally and to be able to tilt so as to enable the wheels to follow the curves of the track and to clear any bumps in the latter, characterised in that the cross member (3) bears at its ends pivots (38, 52) on which are articulated side members (4, 44) having variable relative positions.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the cross member (3) has at least one articulated element (7, 47) carrying one of the articulation pivots (38, 52) for a side member (4, 44).
3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that one of the articulated elements (7) comprises : two separate vertical pivots (38, 37), the first pivot (38) enabling the side member (4) to pivot horizontally with respect to the articulated element (7), and the second pivot (37) enabling the cross member (3) to pivot with respect to the articulated element (7) ; and a means (39, 9) provided to receive information and transmit it to the articulated element (7) so as to correct the distance between the side members (4, 44), when the device (1) takes a curve.
4. Device according to one or other of the preceding claims, characterised in that each side member (4, 44) is formed by sections (27, 57 and 28, 58) articulated on each other about substantially vertical pivots (29), each section carrying at least one wheel (5, 45, 55, 65).
5. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the means intended to receive information is a third pivot (39) actuated by a crank arm (9).
6. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the articulated element (7) comprising three vertical pivots (37,38,39) is a crank (8) having a substantially vertical main pivot (37) pivoting in the cross member (3), a crank pin (38) pivoting in the side member (4) and another crank pin (39) arranged substantially at 180°, carrying a crank arm (9) mounted on a swivel joint and which extends substantially transversely to the vehicle, the said crank arm (9) being mounted at its other end by means of a swivel joint (13) on an arm (12) connected to the opposite side member (44) or to a section (57) of the opposite side member (44).
7. Device according to claim 5, characterised in that the articulated element (7) comprising three vertical pivots is a rocker bar (17) having a substantially vertical main pivot (37) pivoting in the cross member (3), a first auxiliary pivot (38) carrying a side member (4) and a second auxiliary pivot (39) arranged substantially at 180°, carrying a crank arm (9) mounted on a swivel joint (13) and which extends substantially transversely to the vehicle, the said crank arm (9) being mounted at its other end by means of a swivel joint (13) on an arm (12) connected to the opposite side member (44) or to a section (57) of the opposite side member (44).
8. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the cross member (3) comprises a slide (19) capable of moving along a part of its length.
9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that the articulated element (7) is formed by a substantially vertical pivot (18) carried by the slide (19) mounted on the cross member (3) and terminating in a swivel joint (20), connected to a crank arm (21), the said crank arm (21) [Translator's note: Obviously a typing mistake for 0(21)u] carrying at its other end a second swivel joint (20) connected to an outer arm (22) integral with the side member (44) and extending substantially perpendicular to the side members (4, 44).
10. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the articulated element (47) is formed by a swivel joint (24) pivoting in the cross member (3), whose degrees of freedom are limited to horizontal pivoting (Y) and vertical tilting (Z) and whose third degree of freedom is suppressed by the crank arm (23) mounted on swivel joints (25, 26) on the one hand on the cross member (3) and on the other hand on the side member (44).
11. Device according to claim 6 or 7, characterised in that the main vertical pivot (37) of the articulated element (7) is mounted at the top end of the cross member (3) by means of a swivel joint (24) and at the bottom end of the cross member (3) by means of a substantially horizontal crank arm (23) articulated on the main pivot (37) and on the cross member (3) by means of swivel joints (26, 25) so as to enable the side member (4) to pivot horizontally (Y) and to tilt (Z).
12. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the articulated element (47) is formed by a spider (51) having a substantially vertical pivot (52) pivoting in the cross member (3) and a substantially horizontal pivot (53) pivoting in the side member (44), to which, in plan view, it is substantially perpendicular, and by an arm (12) directed substantially horizontally and perpendicularly to the side member (44) towards the longitudinal axis (X, X') of the device (1), the said arm (12) carrying a swivel joint (13) pivoting in the aforesaid crank arm (9).
13. Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that skids (42) integral with the side members (4, 44) or side member sections (27, 57) are provided to push the body (2) towards the centre of curvature of the track against the centrifugal force and reduce the freedom of the vehicle body (2) so as to allow the provision of a wider passenger gangway for a predetermined extemal gauge.
14. Method for guiding and supporting a rail vehicle on a constant gauge rail system by means of an articulated device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one of the articulated elements (7) connecting the side members (4,44) to the cross member (3) is moved on each side of the longitudinal axial vertical plane, so as to compensate, in a curve, for the reduction in the distance between the side members (4, 44).
15. Method according to claim 14, characterised in that the relative positions of the pivots (18, 38, 52, 91) for articulating the two side members (4, 44) are changed according to the directional orientation of the said side members.
16. Method according to claims 14 and 15, characterised in that the positions of the articulated elements (7, 47) in a transverse plane with respect to the wheels (5, 55 and 45, 65) on the side members (4, 44) or side member sections (27, 28, 57, 58) are chosen so that resistance to rolling, tractive forces or differential braking forces between left (5, 55) and right (45,65) wheels determine a minimum tuming moment about the vertical axes of the articulated elements (7, 47), the position of the articulated elements (7, 47) being moreover chosen in the longitudinal plane so that weights carried by the cross member (3) determine, at the wheels (5, 45 and 55, 65), the desired distribution of weights to fulfil as well as possible the adhesion requirements both in traction and in braking in such a way that the centre of gravity of the bogie is situated, in plan view, as close as possible to the transverse axis connecting the said articulated elements (7, 47).
EP89870098A 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Articulated device for guiding and sustaining a railway vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP0348378B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89870098T ATE67720T1 (en) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 ARTICULATED DEVICE FOR GUIDING AND SUPPORTING A RAILWAY VEHICLE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE8800714A BE1001811A3 (en) 1988-06-22 1988-06-22 Joint guidance and device for a rail vehicle lift.
BE8800714 1988-06-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0348378A1 EP0348378A1 (en) 1989-12-27
EP0348378B1 true EP0348378B1 (en) 1991-09-25

Family

ID=3883486

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89870098A Expired - Lifetime EP0348378B1 (en) 1988-06-22 1989-06-21 Articulated device for guiding and sustaining a railway vehicle

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5042394A (en)
EP (1) EP0348378B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE67720T1 (en)
BE (1) BE1001811A3 (en)
CA (1) CA1321104C (en)
DE (1) DE68900283D1 (en)
ES (1) ES2027069T3 (en)

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WO2009063569A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bogie for low floor type railway vehicle and low floor type railway vehicle with the same

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BE1003970A3 (en) * 1990-11-12 1992-07-28 Bn Const Ferroviaires Et Metal RAILWAY AXLE WITH ADJUSTABLE WHEELS AND VARIABLE WIDTH.
ES2078137B1 (en) * 1992-09-30 1996-08-16 Invastesa BOGIES FOR RAILWAY VEHICLES WITH VARIABLE SEPARATION BETWEEN WHEELS.
DE4238574A1 (en) * 1992-11-16 1994-05-19 Abb Henschel Waggon Union Chassis for low-floor railways
WO1994018048A1 (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-08-18 Bishop Arthur E Self-steering railway bogie
EP0763454B1 (en) * 1995-09-14 2002-01-23 Siemens SGP Verkehrstechnik GmbH Running gear for a railway vehicle especially for a low-floor railway vehicle
JP2007331461A (en) * 2006-06-13 2007-12-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Single-shaft bogy with guide wheel for low-floor railroad vehicle
JP2007331713A (en) * 2006-06-19 2007-12-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Low-floor type railroad vehicle truck
JP5121191B2 (en) * 2006-09-05 2013-01-16 川崎重工業株式会社 Low-floor railway vehicles and low-floor trams
EP2184214B1 (en) * 2007-07-30 2017-04-05 The University of Tokyo Self-steering platform car
CN108190739B (en) * 2018-01-18 2023-10-13 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 Test piece rail transfer conveying device of experiment loading system and hoisting method

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LU83193A1 (en) * 1981-03-05 1983-02-22 Ferroviaires Construct & Metal RAIL VEHICLE SUPPORT AND GUIDANCE DEVICE
DE3119163C2 (en) * 1981-05-14 1984-05-17 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8500 Nürnberg Air spring bogie with radially adjustable wheel sets
DE3342968A1 (en) * 1983-09-19 1984-03-29 Fritz Prof. Dr.-Ing. 4150 Krefeld Frederich Double bogie for rail vehicles
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BE1000530A4 (en) * 1987-05-13 1989-01-17 Ferroviaires & Metall Constr Guiding device and a rail vehicle lift.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009063569A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2009-05-22 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bogie for low floor type railway vehicle and low floor type railway vehicle with the same
EP2216227A1 (en) * 2007-11-16 2010-08-11 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Bogie for low floor type railway vehicle and low floor type railway vehicle with the same
EP2216227A4 (en) * 2007-11-16 2011-07-27 Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd Bogie for low floor type railway vehicle and low floor type railway vehicle with the same
US8327772B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2012-12-11 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Low-floor railway vehicle bogie and low-floor railway vehicle comprising the bogie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE67720T1 (en) 1991-10-15
DE68900283D1 (en) 1991-10-31
BE1001811A3 (en) 1990-03-13
CA1321104C (en) 1993-08-10
US5042394A (en) 1991-08-27
ES2027069T3 (en) 1992-05-16
EP0348378A1 (en) 1989-12-27

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