EP0345740B1 - Filter for fire protection - Google Patents
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- EP0345740B1 EP0345740B1 EP89110246A EP89110246A EP0345740B1 EP 0345740 B1 EP0345740 B1 EP 0345740B1 EP 89110246 A EP89110246 A EP 89110246A EP 89110246 A EP89110246 A EP 89110246A EP 0345740 B1 EP0345740 B1 EP 0345740B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ventilation duct
- fire control
- insert
- control closure
- closure according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
- A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
Definitions
- These can be mechanically acting flaps or bulkheads, or also other types of closures, such as so-called fire protection plates, which have the property that they act on a multiple of their initial volume when exposed to high heat (eg from approx. 80 ° C) swelling.
- a large number of these plates, placed parallel to one another, are introduced into the cross section of the supply and exhaust air ducts by means of a frame, holder or suitable other constructions in such a way that the plate planes coincide with the flow direction or are parallel to it. In this way, the air in the channels between the plates can flow through unhindered in the initial state, ie when these fire protection plates are thin. In the event of fire or other heat, however, these fire protection plates swell so much that they touch each other and even fuse with each other, so that the flow cross-section is completely interrupted.
- a fire protection closure according to the first part of claim 1 is known from DE-A-2 150 551.
- the heat dissipation is sufficient to prevent the flames from breaking through at least for the time required by the fire protection plates to completely seal the closure . It is of course advisable to arrange the individual layers of the expanded metal transversely to the direction of flow through the ventilation ducts in order to ensure lateral heat dissipation, that is to say to the walls of the ventilation duct.
- a large number of such expanded metal layers is particularly advisable if there is a fear that fires occurring within such a short spatial distance will have such a large temperature gradient that the front layer of expanded metal facing the source of the fire will already melt and become ineffective, while the Layers facing away from the source of the fire are still fully functional with regard to their heat dissipation.
- packing elements could also be used, i.e. mostly spherical structures that consist of expanded metal and therefore only have a small mass and a large number of small cavities, the possibly greater flow resistance of such a packing material packing a package of layered expanded metal of the same thickness must be taken into account.
- Packings should be preferred.
- one or more such inserts can be arranged in the flow direction of the duct in front of and / or behind the fire protection panels in the cross section of the ventilation duct, or such an insert is even made of fire panels between two existing closures used. Expanded material and fire protection panels can also be accommodated in a common frame.
- both the insert made of expanded metal and the package of fire protection plates or both together can be designed so that they completely fill the inner cross section of the uninterrupted channel or so that the channel for a corresponding Distance is completely interrupted, and the inserts or packages are inserted into this gap, which thus have a larger cross section than the one to be protected Have channel.
- the sealing of the duct cross-section from the environment is likely to be more difficult than when inserting the insert or packages directly into the cross-section of the ventilation ducts.
- arranging the metal-filled insert in front of the fire protection plates has the advantage that the filter effect is reserved for the expanded metal-filled insert, with the result that primarily this metal-filled insert becomes contaminated in normal operation, while the fire protection plates behind it remain relatively clean.
- This not only has the advantage that the fire protection panels are thermally insulated if necessary by a perhaps very thick layer of dirt, which results in the fire protection panels responding too late, but that these panels only have to be cleaned extremely rarely or not at all even in normal operation.
- Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ventilation duct, the wall of which is designated by 1 and whose, for example, rectangular cross section is to be indicated by the dashed lines. As indicated by the flow direction 6, air or another gas flows through this channel.
- both the insert 10 and the package 11 can be inserted through an opening in the wall 1 transversely to the flow direction into the ventilation duct, which is closed by a door 2 during normal operation of the ventilation duct.
- This door 2 is articulated on the wall 1 by means of a hinge 4 and is held tightly pressed against the wall 1 in the closed state by means of a locking mechanism (not shown), a circumferential seal 3 being arranged between the wall 1 and the edge of the door 2 to keep the interior of the ventilation duct sealed from the surroundings.
- a locking mechanism not shown
- a circumferential seal 3 being arranged between the wall 1 and the edge of the door 2 to keep the interior of the ventilation duct sealed from the surroundings.
- fire protection panels and expanded material can also get into the ventilation duct in another way.
- the package 11 consists in a known manner of a holder 13 into which the individual fire protection plates 12 can be inserted, so that a compact package 11 is formed, which is brought into the cross section of the ventilation duct.
- a holder 13 into which the individual fire protection plates 12 can be inserted, so that a compact package 11 is formed, which is brought into the cross section of the ventilation duct.
- insert 10 which contains individual layers 9 of expanded metal, lies in front of package 11 with fire protection plates 12.
- This insert 10 consists of the sides 7, which form a closed profile corresponding to the inner contour of the ventilation duct.
- These sides 7 are supplemented by transverse reinforcements running transversely to the flow direction 6 of the ventilation duct, which hold the layers 9 of expanded metal in their position transversely to the flow direction 6 and are intended to prevent these layers from bending, which inevitably means that the edges of these layers 9 do not touch the sides 7 of the insert 10 and thus the wall 1 of the ventilation duct would result, which would greatly impair the heat dissipation to the outside.
- a layer of transverse reinforcements 8 is designed to be removable from the sides 7, so that after removing these transverse reinforcements 8 the layers 9 of expanded metal can be removed from the insert 10, cleaned or replaced without any problems.
Abstract
Description
In den meisten größeren Gebäudekomplexen wie Krankenhäusern, Verwaltungsgebäuden, Wohnparks, Tiefgaragen, ebenso wie Tunnels und Schutzbauten, muß heute ein umfangreiches System von Zu- und Abluftkanälen installiert werden. Besonders die Hauptstränge dieser Lüftungssysteme durchdringen Bandabschnitte und erleichtern somit bei Feuer die Ausbreitung des Brandes ganz erheblich. Um dies zu verhindern, werden an den Grenzen zwischen den Brandabschnitten in derartige Lüftungssysteme Vorrichtungen eingebaut, welche im Brandfall zum Verschließen des Lüftungssystems an diesen Schnittstellen aktiviert werden.In most of the larger building complexes such as hospitals, administration buildings, residential parks, underground garages, as well as tunnels and protective structures, an extensive system of supply and exhaust air ducts must be installed today. The main strands of these ventilation systems in particular penetrate sections of the belt and thus considerably facilitate the spread of the fire in the event of fire. To prevent this, devices are installed at the borders between the fire sections in such ventilation systems, which are activated in the event of a fire to close the ventilation system at these interfaces.
Dabei kann es sich um mechanisch wirkende Klappen oder Schotten handeln, oder auch um Verschlüsse anderer Art wie beispielsweise sog. Brandschutzplatten, welche die Eigenschaft aufweisen, daß sie bei der Einwirkung großer Hitze (z.B. ab ca. 80°C) auf ein Mehrfaches ihres Ausgangsvolumens anschwellen. Eine Vielzahl dieser Platten wird, parallel zueinanderliegend, mittels eines Rahmens, Halters oder geeigneter anderer Konstruktionen, so in den Querschnitt der Zu- bzw. Abluftkanäle eingebracht, daß die Plattenebenen mit der Durchströmungsrichtung übereinstimmen bzw. zu dieser parallel liegen. Auf diese Weise kann im Ausgangszustand, also bei geringer Dicke dieser Brandschutzplatten, die Luft in den Kanälen zwischen den Platten ungehindert hindurchströmen. Im Brandfall oder bei anderer Hitzeeinwirkung dagegen schwellen diese Brandschutzplatten so stark auf, daß sie sich gegenseitig berühren und sogar miteinander verschmelzen, so daß es zu einer vollständigen Unterbrechung des Durchströmungsquerschnitts kommt.These can be mechanically acting flaps or bulkheads, or also other types of closures, such as so-called fire protection plates, which have the property that they act on a multiple of their initial volume when exposed to high heat (eg from approx. 80 ° C) swelling. A large number of these plates, placed parallel to one another, are introduced into the cross section of the supply and exhaust air ducts by means of a frame, holder or suitable other constructions in such a way that the plate planes coincide with the flow direction or are parallel to it. In this way, the air in the channels between the plates can flow through unhindered in the initial state, ie when these fire protection plates are thin. In the event of fire or other heat, however, these fire protection plates swell so much that they touch each other and even fuse with each other, so that the flow cross-section is completely interrupted.
Ein Brandschutzverschluß gemäß dem ersten Teil von Anspruch 1 ist aus der DE-A-2 150 551 bekannt.A fire protection closure according to the first part of
Derartige Verschlüsse von Lüftungskanälen haben zwar den Vorteil, daß sie nicht in regelmäßigen Abständen auf ihre mechanische Funktion hin überprüft werden müssen, weisen jedoch andererseits auch Nachteile auf: Dazu zählt, daß das Aufschwellen dieser Brandschutzplatten erst ab einer relativ hohen Schwellentemperatur ab 80°C (in der Regel 150°C) erfolgt und daß des weiteren ab dem Erreichen dieses Temperaturschwellenwertes noch mehrere Minuten zum Anschwellen des Materials auf seine volle Ausdehnung benötigt werden. Besonders bei sich schnell ausbreitenden Bränden kann es deshalb geschehen, daß beispielsweise das Fortschreiten der Flammenfront auf diesen Verschluß hin so schnell vor sich geht, daß nach dem Überschreiten der Schwellentemperatur am Verschluß die Flammenfront, beispielsweise eine Feuerwalze, diesen Verschluß schon durchlaufen bzw. durchschlagen hat, bevor die für das vollständige Anschwellen der Brandschutzplatten und damit das Abdichten des Verschlusses notwendige Reaktionszeit vorüber ist. In diesem Falle wäre bis zur vollständigen Abdichtung ein derartiger Verschluß wirkungslos,da bereits vor dem endgültigen Abdichten die Flammenfront in den nächsten Brandabschnitt übergreifen hätte können.Such closures of ventilation ducts have the advantage that they do not have to be checked for their mechanical function at regular intervals However, there are also disadvantages: This includes that these fire protection panels only swell at a relatively high threshold temperature above 80 ° C (usually 150 ° C) and that, once this temperature threshold has been reached, the material swells for several minutes its full extent will be needed. Especially in the case of rapidly spreading fires, it can therefore happen that, for example, the progress of the flame front towards this closure takes place so quickly that after the threshold temperature at the closure has been exceeded, the flame front, for example a fire roller, has already passed through or penetrated this closure before the reaction time required for the fire protection panels to swell completely and thus seal the closure is over. In this case, such a closure would be ineffective until completely sealed, since the flame front could have spread into the next fire section before the final sealing.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Verschluß der beschriebenen Art, bestehend aus einem unter Hitzeeinwirkung stark anschwellenden Material, derart weiterzubilden, daß während der Reaktionszeit des anschwellenden Materials ein Durchschlagen der Flammen bzw. eine Verpuffung in den nächsten Brandabschnitt hinein verhindert wird.It is therefore the object of the present invention to develop a closure of the type described, consisting of a material which swells strongly under the influence of heat, in such a way that during the reaction time of the swelling material, the flames are prevented from escaping or deflagrating into the next fire compartment.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, in den Querschnitt der Lüftungskanäle zusätzlich zu den Brandschutzplatten feinmaschige, ein- oder mehrlagige Gitterwerke aus gut wärmeleitendem Material einzubringen. Derartige Gitterwerke sind, da eine gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit hauptsächlich von Metallen geboten wird, unter dem Namen "Streckmetall" in verschiedenen Materialstärken bekannt, wobei beispielsweise für den Explosionsschutz in Behältern, die brennbare und leicht verdampfende Flüssigkeiten enthalten, Streckmetallpakete aus nur wenige 1/100 mm starker Leichtmetallfolie bzw. Füllkörpern,zu denen ein derartiges Streckmetall weiterverarbeitet wird, verwendet werden.To solve this problem, it is proposed to introduce, in addition to the fire protection plates, fine-mesh, single-layer or multi-layer latticework made of good heat-conducting material into the cross section of the ventilation ducts. Such lattices are, since good thermal conductivity is mainly provided by metals, under the name "expanded metal" in various material thicknesses known, for example for explosion protection in containers that contain flammable and easily evaporating liquids, expanded metal packages made of only a few 1/100 mm thick light metal foil or fillers to which such expanded metal is processed.
Besonders wenn eine Vielzahl von Streckmetall-Lagen in der Durchströmungsrichtung der Lüftungskanäle hintereinander angeordnet werden, ist auch bei einer so geringen Materialstärke die Wärmeabfuhr ausreichend, um ein Durchschlagen der Flammen wenigstens für die Zeit zu verhindern, die die Brandschutzplatten benötigen, um den Verschluß vollständig abzudichten. Dabei empfiehlt es sich selbstverständlich, die einzelnen Lagen des Streckmetalls quer zur Durchströmungsrichtung der Lüftungskanäle anzuordnen, um eine seitliche Wärmeabfuhr, also zu den Wänden des Lüftungskanals hin zu gewährleisten. Eine Vielzahl solcher Streckmetallschichten ist besonders dann ratsam, wenn befürchtet werden muß, daß auftretende Brände innerhalb einer kurzen räumlichen Distanz ein so starkes Temperaturgefälle aufweisen, daß zwar die dem Brandherd zugewandte vorderste Schicht aus Streckmetall bereits in die Schmelze übergeht und damit wirkungslos wird, während die vom Brandherd abgewandten Schichten noch hinsichtlich ihrer Wärmeabfuhr voll funktionsfähig sind.Especially when a large number of expanded metal layers are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow through the ventilation ducts, even with such a small material thickness, the heat dissipation is sufficient to prevent the flames from breaking through at least for the time required by the fire protection plates to completely seal the closure . It is of course advisable to arrange the individual layers of the expanded metal transversely to the direction of flow through the ventilation ducts in order to ensure lateral heat dissipation, that is to say to the walls of the ventilation duct. A large number of such expanded metal layers is particularly advisable if there is a fear that fires occurring within such a short spatial distance will have such a large temperature gradient that the front layer of expanded metal facing the source of the fire will already melt and become ineffective, while the Layers facing away from the source of the fire are still fully functional with regard to their heat dissipation.
Selbstverständlich könnten anstelle der Vielzahl von Schichten von Streckmetall auch sog. Füllkörper verwendet werden, also meist kugelförmige Gebilde, die aus Streckmetall bestehen und daher nur eine geringe Masse und eine große Anzahl kleiner Hohlräume aufweisen, wobei der möglicherweise größere Strömungswiderstand einer solchen Schüttung von Füllkörpern gegenüber einem Paket von schichtweisem Streckmetall gleicher Dicke zu berücksichtigen ist. Je nach Anwendung kann auch eine Kombination von schichtweisem Streckmetall und den besagten Füllkörpern zu bevorzugen sein.Of course, instead of the large number of layers of expanded metal, so-called packing elements could also be used, i.e. mostly spherical structures that consist of expanded metal and therefore only have a small mass and a large number of small cavities, the possibly greater flow resistance of such a packing material packing a package of layered expanded metal of the same thickness must be taken into account. Depending on the application, a combination of layered expanded metal and the aforementioned can also be used Packings should be preferred.
In beiden Fällen ist es vorteilhaft, die einzelnen Schichten von Streckmetall in einem Rahmen bzw. die Füllkörper in einer Art Käfig aus einem massiveren Gitter anzuordnen, so daß dieser Einsatz im Ganzen aus dem Querschnitt des Lüftungskanals herausgenommen werden kann. Dies ist zum einen deshalb notwendig, da die Füllung dieses Einsatzes, egal ob sie aus einzelnen Streckmetallschichten oder aus Füllkörpers besteht, auch eine Luftfilterfunktion besitzt und daher verschmutzen wird, so daß von Zeit zu Zeit eine Reinigung und/oder Austauschen notwendig ist. Anstelle des Rahmens können auch zwei einzelne, quer in den Kanalquerschnitt eingespreizte Gitter verwendet werden, so daß nach Einspreizen des ersten Gitters das Streckmaterial eingebracht wird. Dies ist zwar im Bezug auf die Wartung nachteilig, dafür erfolgt die Wärmeabfuhr vom Streckmetall direkt auf die Wandung des Kanals, ohne Umweg über die Seiten des Rahmens.In both cases, it is advantageous to arrange the individual layers of expanded metal in a frame or the packing elements in a kind of cage made of a more solid grid, so that this insert can be removed as a whole from the cross section of the ventilation duct. This is necessary on the one hand because the filling of this insert, regardless of whether it consists of individual expanded metal layers or of packing elements, also has an air filter function and will therefore become dirty, so that cleaning and / or replacement is necessary from time to time. Instead of the frame, two individual grids spread across the channel cross section can also be used, so that the expanded material is introduced after the first grid has been spread. Although this is disadvantageous in terms of maintenance, the heat is dissipated from the expanded metal directly onto the wall of the channel, without going through the sides of the frame.
Abhängig von der Art des Bauwerks bzw. der Art des zu erwartenden Brandfalles können ein oder mehrere solche Einsätze in der Durchströmungsrichtung des Kanals vor und/oder auch hinter den Brandschutzplatten im Querschnitt des Lüftungskanals angeordnet werden, oder ein solcher Einsatz wird sogar zwischen zwei aus Brandschutzplatten bestehenden Verschlüssen eingesetzt. Streckmaterial und Brandschutzplatten können auch in einem gemeinsamen Rahmen untergebracht sein.Depending on the type of building or the type of fire to be expected, one or more such inserts can be arranged in the flow direction of the duct in front of and / or behind the fire protection panels in the cross section of the ventilation duct, or such an insert is even made of fire panels between two existing closures used. Expanded material and fire protection panels can also be accommodated in a common frame.
Abhängig von der Art des zu schützenden Kanals können sowohl der Einsatz aus Streckmetall als auch das Paket aus Brandschutzplatten bzw. beide zusammen, so gestaltet sein, daß sie den inneren Querschnitt des nicht unterbrochenen Kanals vollständig ausfüllen oder auch so, daß der Kanal für eine entsprechende Distanz vollständig unterbrochen ist, und in diese Lücke die Einsätze bzw. Pakete eingesetzt werden, die damit einen größeren Querschnitt als der zu schützende Kanal aufweisen. In diesem Fall dürfte jedoch die Abdichtung des Kanalquerschnitts gegenüber der Umgebung größere Schwierigkeiten bereiten, als bei einem Einschieben des bzw. der Einsätze und Pakete direkt in den Querschnitt der Lüftungskanäle.Depending on the type of channel to be protected, both the insert made of expanded metal and the package of fire protection plates or both together can be designed so that they completely fill the inner cross section of the uninterrupted channel or so that the channel for a corresponding Distance is completely interrupted, and the inserts or packages are inserted into this gap, which thus have a larger cross section than the one to be protected Have channel. In this case, however, the sealing of the duct cross-section from the environment is likely to be more difficult than when inserting the insert or packages directly into the cross-section of the ventilation ducts.
Ebenso ist für die Art der Hintereinanderanordnung der metallgefüllten Einsätze und der Pakete aus Brandschutzplatten zu bedenken, daß zwar eine Anordnung der mit Metall gefüllten Einsätze in Durchströmungsrichtung vor den Brandschutzplatten die Temperatur über den Querschnitt des Lüftungskanals egalisiert, was für eine gleichmäßige Funktion der Brandschutzplatten wertvoll ist, jedoch andererseits durch diesen Einsatz wegen der anfänglich sehr starken Wärmeabfuhr über eine gewisse Zeit die Temperatur der an den Brandschutzplatten entlangströmenden Luft stark reduziert wird, so daß diese erst wesentlich später aufzuschwellen beginnen, gegenüber einer Anordnung des Einsatzes hinter den Brandschutzplatten, gesehen in der Durchströmungsrichtung des Kanals.It should also be considered for the type of arrangement of the metal-filled inserts and the packages of fire protection plates that an arrangement of the metal-filled inserts in the flow direction in front of the fire protection plates does not equalize the temperature across the cross section of the ventilation duct, which is valuable for a uniform function of the fire protection plates , on the other hand, by this insert because of the initially very strong heat dissipation, the temperature of the air flowing along the fire protection plates is greatly reduced over a period of time, so that they only begin to swell considerably later, compared to an arrangement of the insert behind the fire protection plates, viewed in the flow direction of the channel.
Andererseits bietet eine Anordnung des metallgefüllten Einsatzes vor den Brandschutzplatten den Vorteil, daß damit dem streckmetallgefüllten Einsatz die Filterwirkung vorbehalten bleibt, was zur Folge hat, daß in erster Linie dieser metallgefüllte Einsatz im normalen Betrieb verschmutzt wird, die dahinterliegenden Brandschutzplatten dagegen relativ sauber bleiben. Dies hat nicht nur den Vorteil, daß die Brandschutzplatten im Bedarfsfall durch eine vielleicht gerade sehr dicke Schmutzschicht wärmeisoliert sind, was ein zu spätes Ansprechen der Brandschutzplatten nach sich zieht, sondern daß diese Platten auch im Normalbetrieb nur äußerst selten oder überhaupt nicht gereinigt werden müssen. Dies bedeutet einen wirtschaftlichen Vorteil, da die Brandschutzplatten wasserdicht eingefaßt werden müssen, und deshalb mit einer entsprechenden, dünnen Beschichtung überzogen sind. Im Falle einer häufigen Reinigung würde ein Großteil der Brandschutzplatten beim Reinigungsvorgang beschädigt werden, so daß aus Gründen der Vorsicht ein regelmäßiger Austausch dieser Brandschutzplatten die Folge wäre.On the other hand, arranging the metal-filled insert in front of the fire protection plates has the advantage that the filter effect is reserved for the expanded metal-filled insert, with the result that primarily this metal-filled insert becomes contaminated in normal operation, while the fire protection plates behind it remain relatively clean. This not only has the advantage that the fire protection panels are thermally insulated if necessary by a perhaps very thick layer of dirt, which results in the fire protection panels responding too late, but that these panels only have to be cleaned extremely rarely or not at all even in normal operation. This means an economic advantage, since the fire protection panels must be edged watertight and are therefore covered with a corresponding, thin coating. In the event of frequent cleaning, a large part of the fire protection panels would be damaged during the cleaning process, so that for reasons of caution a regular one Replacement of these fire protection panels would be the result.
Eine Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Fig. 1 beispielsweise erläutert.An embodiment according to the invention is explained below with reference to FIG. 1, for example.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch einen Lüftungskanal, dessen Wandung mit 1 bezeichnet ist und dessen beispielsweise rechteckiger Querschnitt durch die gestrichelten Linien angedeutet sein soll. Dieser Kanal wird, wie mit der Durchströmungsrichtung 6 angegeben, von Luft oder einem anderen Gas durchströmt.Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a ventilation duct, the wall of which is designated by 1 and whose, for example, rectangular cross section is to be indicated by the dashed lines. As indicated by the
Innerhalb der Wandung 1 dieses Lüftungskanals sind, in Durchströmungsrichtung hintereinander angeordnet, sowohl ein Einsatz 10, gefüllt mit Streckmetall, als auch ein Paket 11, gefüllt mit Brandschutzplatten so eingesetzt, daß sowohl der Einsatz 10 als auch das Paket 11 den Querschnitt innerhalb der Wandung 1 möglichst vollständig ausfüllen.Inside the
Im hier dargestellten Fall können sowohl der Einsatz 10 als auch das Paket 11 durch eine Öffnung in der Wandung 1 quer zur Durchströmungsrichtung in den Lüftungskanal eingeschoben werden, welche im Normalbetrieb des Lüftungskanals durch eine Tür 2 verschlossen wird. Diese Tür 2 ist an der Wandung 1 mittels eines Scharniers 4 angelenkt und wird im geschlossenen Zustand mittels eines nicht dargestellten Verriegelungsmechanismus dicht an die Wandung 1 angepreßt gehalten, wobei zwischen der Wandung 1 und dem Rand der Tür 2 eine umlaufende Dichtung 3 angeordnet ist, um das Innere des Lüftungskanals gegenüber der Umgebung dicht zu halten. Selbstverständlich können Brandschutzplatten und Streckmaterial auch auf anderem Weg in den Lüftungskanal gelangen.In the case shown here, both the
Das Paket 11 besteht in bekannter Art und Weise aus einem Halter 13, in den die einzelnen Brandschutzplatten 12 eingeschoben werden können, so daß ein kompaktes Paket 11 entsteht, welches in den Querschnitt des Lüftungskanals gebracht wird. Dadurch steht der durchströmenden Luft über einen Großteil des freien Querschnitts des Lüftungskanals von dem Paket 11 nur die schmalen Stirnseiten der Brandschutzplatten 12 entgegen, während an den Rändern des freien Querschnitts noch im geringen Maße der Halter 13 selbst die Durchströmung des Lüftungskanals behindert.The
In der Durchströmungsrichtung 6 gesehen liegt vor dem Paket 11 mit den Brandschutzplatten 12 der Einsatz 10, welcher einzelne Schichten 9 aus Streckmetall enthält. Dieser Einsatz 10 besteht aus den Seiten 7, welche ein geschlossenes Profil entsprechend der Innenkontur des Lüftungskanals bilden. Diese Seiten 7 sind durch quer zur Durchströmungsrichtung 6 des Lüftungskanals laufende Querverstärkungen ergänzt, welche die Schichten 9 aus Streckmetall in ihrer Lage quer zur Durchströmungsrichtung 6 halten und ein Durchbiegen dieser Schichten verhindern sollen, was unweigerlich eine mangelnde Berührung der Ränder dieser Schichten 9 mit den Seiten 7 des Einsatzes 10 und damit der Wandung 1 des Lüftungskanals zur Folge hätte, wodurch die Wärmeabfuhr nach außen stark beeinträchtigt würde. In der Fig. 1 sind nur zwei hintereinander liegende Schichten 9 aus Streckmetall innerhalb des Einsatzes 10 gezeichnet, jedoch ist dieser Einsatz 10, also der Freiraum zwischen den beiden Lagen aus Querverstärkungen 8 in der Praxis vollständig mit übereinanderliegenden Schichten 9 aus Streckmetall angefüllt, welche sich gegenseitig an möglichst vielen Punkten berühren sollen.Seen in
Zum Reinigen oder Auswechseln dieses Streckmetalls wird der gesamte Einsatz 10 bei geöffneter Tür 2 aus dem Lüftungskanal entnommen. Eine Lage von Querverstärkungen 8 ist von den Seiten 7 demontierbar ausgestaltet, so daß nach der Wegnahme dieser Querverstärkungen 8 die Schichten 9 aus Streckmetall problemlos aus dem Einsatz 10 entnommen, gereinigt oder ersetzt werden können.To clean or replace this expanded metal, the
Claims (13)
- Fire control closure for ventilation ducts, said fire control closure having at least one package (11) of fireproofing plates (12) consisting of a material that expands strongly under heat, said package being oriented in the direction of flow in the ventilation duct and filling the cross section of the ventilation duct,
characterized in that the fire control closure at least is provided with one insert (10) that fills the cross section of the ventilation duct and is disposed in the vicinity of the package (11), said insert being filled with expanding material that is a strongly heat conducting material. - Fire control closure according to claim 1,
characterized in that the expanding material is expanding metal. - Fire control closure according to claim 2,
characterized in that the expanding metal consists of aluminum foil a few hundredths of a millimeter thick. - Fire control closure according to one of the foregoing claims,
characterized in that the insert (10) is filled with a multiplicity of layers (9) of expanding material oriented transverse to the direction of flow in the ventilation duct. - Fire control closure according to one of the claims 1 through 3,
characterized in that the insert (10) is filled with preferably spherical filling particles of expanding material. - Fire control closure according to one of the claims 1 through 3,
characterized in that the insert (10) with the spherical filler particles and transversely oriented layers (9) is made of expanding metal. - Fire control closure according to one of the foregoing claims,
characterized in that the insert (10), comprising sides (7) running parallel to the walls (1) of the ventilation duct, comprises two layers of transverse reinforcements (8), said layers being oriented transverse to the direction of flow in the ventilation duct, where the spacing of any two neighboring transverse reinforcements (8) is considerably smaller, as required, than the diameter of the filler particles. - Fire control closure according to one of the claims 1 through 6,
characterized in that the insert (10) comprises transverse reinforcements in the form of two transversely oriented meshes anchored in the cross section of the ventilation duct in front of and behind the filling as viewed in the direction of flow. - Fire control closure according to claim 8,
characterized in that the meshes are anchored by lodging in the cross section of the ventilation duct. - Fire control closure according to one of the foregoing claims
characterized in that at least one insert (10) with expanding material is disposed in front of and/or behind, viewed in the direction of flow in the ventilation duct, at least one package (11) having fireproofing plates (12). - Fire control closure according to one of the foregoing claims,
characterized in that at least one insert (10) with expanding material is disposed between, viewed in the direction of flow in the ventilation duct, several packages (11) with fireproofing plates (12). - Fire control closure according to one of the foregoing claims,
characterized in that removal from the ventilation duct both the inserts (10) and the packages (11) is uncomplicated. - Fire control closure according to claim 9,
characterized in that one of the walls (1) of the ventilation duct has a door (2) through which the inserts (10) and the packages (11) can be inserted into or removed from the ventilation duct.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT89110246T ATE80051T1 (en) | 1988-06-06 | 1989-06-06 | FIRE PROTECTION FILTER. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3819258A DE3819258A1 (en) | 1988-06-06 | 1988-06-06 | FIRE PROTECTION FILTER |
| DE3819258 | 1988-06-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0345740A2 EP0345740A2 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| EP0345740A3 EP0345740A3 (en) | 1990-01-17 |
| EP0345740B1 true EP0345740B1 (en) | 1992-09-02 |
Family
ID=6355987
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP89110246A Expired - Lifetime EP0345740B1 (en) | 1988-06-06 | 1989-06-06 | Filter for fire protection |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5495894A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0345740B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE80051T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1319293C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3819258A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2035435T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6105676A (en) | 1991-03-19 | 2000-08-22 | Alhamad; Shaikh Ghaleb Mohammad Yassin | Flame arrester |
| US6698522B1 (en) | 1994-04-13 | 2004-03-02 | Shaikh Ghaleb Mohammad Yassin Alhamad | Hot water heater |
| SE503525C2 (en) * | 1994-10-24 | 1996-07-01 | Stefan Geuken | Shut-off device for pipes or the like |
| DE19703308C2 (en) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-12-24 | Dieter Dr Girlich | Security network |
| US6223697B1 (en) | 1998-08-21 | 2001-05-01 | Srp 687 Pty Ltd. | Water heater with heat sensitive air inlet |
| DE10134839B4 (en) * | 2001-07-17 | 2004-08-26 | Schulte, Günter | Device for smokeproof and fire-resistant closing of a wall or ceiling opening |
| GB0611213D0 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-07-19 | Wozair Ltd | Blast wave damper |
| US20080220714A1 (en) * | 2006-10-20 | 2008-09-11 | Benjamin Obdyke Incorporated | Ember and Fire-Resistant Vent |
| DE102008016421A1 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-08 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Device for active fire protection in aircraft |
| RU2472999C2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2013-01-20 | Олег Савельевич Кочетов | Fire protection valve |
| DE102012102096A1 (en) | 2012-03-13 | 2013-09-19 | Brückner Trockentechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Apparatus and method for heat treatment of web-shaped webs |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2420599A (en) * | 1944-02-04 | 1947-05-13 | Shand And Jurs Company | Flame arrester |
| DE922756C (en) * | 1952-06-19 | 1955-01-24 | Wilke Werke Ag | Safety device to stop flames and explosions |
| DE2150551A1 (en) * | 1971-10-11 | 1973-04-19 | Flamex Ltd | LOCKING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR FOR FIRE PROTECTION |
| FR2254182A5 (en) * | 1973-11-07 | 1975-07-04 | Versino Joseph | Fire barrier for ventilation duct - has blades coated with substance which swells when heated to block duct |
| GB2130485B (en) * | 1982-11-02 | 1986-08-20 | Dufaylite Dev Ltd | Sealing device |
| SU1448175A1 (en) * | 1987-06-30 | 1988-12-30 | Предприятие П/Я М-5835 | Ventilation grate |
-
1988
- 1988-06-06 DE DE3819258A patent/DE3819258A1/en active Granted
-
1989
- 1989-06-06 EP EP89110246A patent/EP0345740B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-06 ES ES198989110246T patent/ES2035435T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-06 AT AT89110246T patent/ATE80051T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-06-06 CA CA000601847A patent/CA1319293C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-06-06 DE DE8989110246T patent/DE58902187D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-06-06 US US07/458,712 patent/US5495894A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5495894A (en) | 1996-03-05 |
| DE58902187D1 (en) | 1992-10-08 |
| CA1319293C (en) | 1993-06-22 |
| EP0345740A3 (en) | 1990-01-17 |
| DE3819258A1 (en) | 1989-12-07 |
| DE3819258C2 (en) | 1991-07-18 |
| EP0345740A2 (en) | 1989-12-13 |
| ES2035435T3 (en) | 1993-04-16 |
| ATE80051T1 (en) | 1992-09-15 |
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