EP0345482A1 - Sélecteur d'antenne coaxial - Google Patents

Sélecteur d'antenne coaxial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0345482A1
EP0345482A1 EP89108551A EP89108551A EP0345482A1 EP 0345482 A1 EP0345482 A1 EP 0345482A1 EP 89108551 A EP89108551 A EP 89108551A EP 89108551 A EP89108551 A EP 89108551A EP 0345482 A1 EP0345482 A1 EP 0345482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line
lines
input
displacement
output
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP89108551A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stojan Davcev
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
ABB AB
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Publication of EP0345482A1 publication Critical patent/EP0345482A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
    • H01P1/12—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting by mechanical chopper
    • H01P1/125—Coaxial switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of transmission technology. It relates in particular to a coaxial antenna selector - A plurality of coaxial input lines for feeding RF power to corresponding transmitters; - a plurality of coaxial output lines for delivering the RF power to corresponding antennas; in which - Each input line can optionally be connected to each output line.
  • Such an antenna selector is e.g. known from EP-B1 0 044 099.
  • a plurality of independently operating individual transmitters are used which, depending on the time of day and the program, radiate the amplitude-modulated carrier signal via different antennas.
  • the RF power which is usually in the range of several 100 kW, is fed from the respective transmitter into the respective antenna via heavy-duty coaxial lines (50 ohms).
  • a coaxial antenna selector is arranged between the two, with the help of which any desired connection between any transmitter and any antenna can be switched in a short time.
  • Known coaxial antenna selectors are constructed according to the matrix principle (EP-B1 0 044 099). With these matrix selectors, the input lines coming from the transmitters form the rows and the output lines going out to the antennas form the columns of a matrix.
  • Coaxial changeover switches are arranged in pairs in the nodes of the matrix, which connect the respective row or column line in one switching position, and in the other switching position disconnect both lines and connect in the node via a corner.
  • each input line and each output line is assigned a single, movable connecting element in the form of a coaxial line; what coaxial line - With one line end to the associated input or. Output line is connected; and - With the other, open line end is displaceable along an associated displacement line; such that - Each displacement line of a connecting element assigned to an input line intersects all displacement lines of the connecting elements assigned to the output lines.
  • the essence of the invention is therefore to connect the associated input and output lines in the antenna selector directly to one another with the aid of a movable line section for each connection that is switched through between a transmitter and an antenna. There are therefore no longer any switches assigned to the matrix node, but only those assigned to the respective input and output lines (ie only (n + m)) movable connecting elements that have to be driven and controlled. The number of crosstalk-sensitive line sections within the antenna selector is accordingly reduced accordingly.
  • all the displacement lines are straight lines
  • the displacement lines of the connecting elements assigned to the input lines run parallel to one another and perpendicular to the displacement lines of the connecting elements assigned to the output lines
  • the connecting elements are each designed as telescopically extendable extensions of the input or output lines ( Fig. 4).
  • This type of antenna selector can be implemented particularly easily because only linear displacements occur here, and therefore neither swivel nor ball joints are required.
  • the scheme of a conventional coaxial antenna selector for a (2 x 3) matrix is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the antenna selector has two inputs for connecting two transmitters TX1 and TX2, and three outputs for connecting three antennas A1, A2 and A3.
  • Pairs of changeover switches are provided in each of these intersection points, four of which (1, .., 4) are highlighted by a dashed outline.
  • one changeover switch (2) is inserted into the associated input line.
  • the changeover switches 1, .., 4 each have two switching positions: in one switching position (in FIG. 1 for the changeover switches 1 and 4), the coaxial lines into which the changeover switches are inserted are connected through.
  • the coaxial lines are separated and connected at the intersection by means of an additional conductor strand 5 via a corner.
  • the antenna A2 is connected to the transmitter TX2 in this way.
  • this low-dimensional (2 x 3) matrix already requires 12 changeover switches, all of which have to be driven and controlled by a motor.
  • the exemplary switching connection between transmitter TX2 and antenna A2 in FIG. 1 contains at least eight contact points (two contact points per switch), which are susceptible to high mechanical and electrical loads, due to the changeover switches 1,... 4 used in this connection Form weak points in the connection.
  • the internal structure of a known switch is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the changeover switch naturally has a coaxial structure, ie it includes both inner conductors in the direction of the line 9,17 and outer conductor 18, as well as in the branching inner conductor 7 and outer conductor strand 6.
  • a connecting element 13 is provided in the inner region of the line, which consists of an outer tube 12 and an inner tube 15.
  • the outer tube 12 is pivotally attached at one end to a joint ball 10 which sits at the end of an inner conductor 9.
  • the inner tube 15 is telescopically displaceable in the outer tube 12.
  • Outer tube 12 and joint ball 10 as well as inner tube 15 and outer tube 12 are each electrically connected to one another by a tulip contact 11 and 14.
  • Additional tulip contacts 8 and 16 are attached to the ends of the inner conductors 7 and 17 and establish the connection to the inner tube 15 in the respective switching position.
  • the switched connection runs over a large number of individual switches, the respective input and output lines are connected directly in the antenna selector according to the invention, as is shown in the example of a (4 ⁇ 5) matrix in FIG. 3.
  • the switched connections TX1 transmitter - Antenna A3 TX2 transmitter - antenna A2 TX4 transmitter - A4 antenna are marked here by the solid lines.
  • the dashed lines only show other possible routes without any cables actually running there in this switching state.
  • a plurality of coaxial input lines 21a, b and output lines 24a, b are fixedly arranged in a frame structure 19.
  • the input lines 21a, b run parallel to one another and perpendicular to the likewise parallel output lines 24a, b.
  • Each input and output line 21a, b or 24a, b is assigned a single, movable connecting element 22a, b or 23a, b.
  • the connecting elements 22a, b and 23a, b likewise have the form of a coaxial line and are connected with the one line end to the associated input or output line 20a, b or 24a, b.
  • the other, open line end of the connecting elements 22a, b or 23a, b can be displaced along an associated displacement line V1, .., V4 (FIG. 4).
  • All displacement lines V1, .., V4 lie in one plane.
  • the displacement lines V1.2 of the connecting elements 22a, b assigned to the input lines 21a, b run parallel to one another and perpendicular to the parallel displacement lines V3.4 of the connecting elements 23a, b assigned to the output lines 24a, b.
  • the connecting elements 22b and 23b of the input line 21b and output line 24b are shifted along their displacement line V2 or V4 to the intersection of these lines.
  • connection elements can be switched if the corresponding connection elements are brought into contact with the open line ends at the corresponding other intersection points of their displacement lines.
  • the movable connecting elements 22a, b and 23a, b can be realized in different ways. 4, the connecting elements 22a, b and 23a, b are designed as telescopically extendable extensions of the input and output lines 22a, b and 24a, b, respectively.
  • the extensions are bent several times at right angles at the open ends, so that the displacement lines V1, ..., V4 run in a plane which lies between the planes of the input lines 21a, b and output lines 24a, b. In this way, all possible connections between the transmitters TX1.2 and the antennas A1.2 can be switched freely.
  • the input lines 21a, b in this example have flange-like transmitter connections 20a, b.
  • Antennas A1, 2 are connected via corresponding antenna connections 25a, b to output lines 24a, b.
  • additional output lines 97a, b which are opposite to the input lines 21a, b and can likewise be connected to the input lines 21a, b via the connecting elements 22a, b.
  • These additional output lines 97a, b can be used, for example, for further antennas or as line terminations.
  • the axes of rotation of all rotary joints 26a, b; 28a, b; 33a, b; 35a, b are each perpendicular to the central axis of the associated input and output lines 21a, b and 24a, b.
  • FIG. 7 Another alternative is shown in FIG. 7.
  • ball joints 44a, 46a, 48a; 44b, 46b, 48b; 53a, 55a, 57a; 53b, 55b, 57b are used in the connecting elements 22a, b and 23a, b the at least three successive line elements 45a, 47a, 49a; 45b, 47b, 49b; 52a, 54a, 56a; Connect 52b, 54b, 56b per connecting element and connect to the associated input or output line 21a, b or 24a, b.
  • the line elements 31a, b and the rotary joints 30a, b in FIG. 5 correspond in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 7 to the line elements 51a, b and the ball joints 50a, b, which enable better adaptation of the open line ends when interconnected.
  • the input lines 21a, b are arranged in parallel one above the other and end in the cylinder axis 36 of the cylinder jacket surface 37.
  • connection elements 22a, b on the input side each comprise at least one line element which is connected to the associated input line 21a, b via a first swivel joint 38a, b lying in the cylinder axis 36 (FIG. 6).
  • the output-side connecting elements 23a, b each comprise at least two successive line elements 40a, 42a or 40b, 42b, which are connected to one another via a second swivel joint 43a, b to the associated output line 24a, b are closed.
  • the corresponding displacement lines V3.4 are straight lines, which run parallel to the cylinder axis 36 in the cylinder jacket surface 37 and intersect the circular displacement lines V1.2 perpendicularly.
  • Additional line elements 39a, b and swivel joints 96a, b also ensure an improved adaptation of the line ends here.
  • the transition from the embodiment of FIG. 6 to the embodiment of FIG. 8 is the same as the transition from FIG. 5 to FIG. 7:
  • the rotary joints are replaced by ball joints 58a, b; 60a, b; 62a, b; 64a , b and 66a, b replaced.
  • the output-side connecting elements 23a, b then comprise the line elements 59a, b; 61a, b; 63a, b and 65a, b with an additional line element per connecting element for the reasons already mentioned above.
  • the embodiments with a swivel joint have the advantage over the embodiment with a telescopic mechanism (FIG. 4) that no line pieces sliding into one another have to be used.
  • the operating area i.e. the area in which the displacements take place is reduced.
  • the construction volume and operating area are particularly small in the embodiments with a ball joint (FIGS. 7, 8).
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 Examples of such ball and swivel joints are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10.
  • the 9 is constructed coaxially and comprises two inner conductors 67, 76, which merge into two inner spherical shells 72, 73 in the interior of the joint.
  • the two spherical shells 72, 73 lie one inside the other and form a joint with ball and socket that can be rotated on all sides.
  • a secure electrical connection between the spherical shells 72, 73 is achieved by a contact spring 75 arranged between them.
  • Flanges 69, 77 are provided for the outer conductor on both sides of the joint, which pass into corresponding spherical shells 70, 74 with a corresponding contact spring 71.
  • the inner conductors 67, 67 are supported on the flanges 69, 77 by insulating rings 68, 78.
  • Both variants include two inner conductors 81, 85 and two off senleiter 80,94, which abut each other in the joint and are conductively connected at this point by contact springs 83,87.
  • the outer conductors 80.94 also merge into flanges 79.95 at the ends of the joint and also carry insulating rings 82.84 on the inside, which fix the inner conductors 81.85.
  • one outer conductor 94 engages over the flange-like end of the other outer conductor.
  • two ball bearings 91, 92 are inserted in this part of the joint, which rotatably support one outer conductor 80 in the other outer conductor 94.
  • this task is performed by a guide ring 88 which encompasses the flange-like end of the outer conductor 80.
  • the rotary connection is secured by a coupling ring 93, 89, which holds the ball bearings 91, 92 or the guide ring 88 in their position and is held by fixing screws 90.
  • a spring carrier 86 is also provided for the contact spring 87 of the outer conductor 80, 94 and holds the spring in position between the insulating rings 82, 84.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Connection Structure (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
EP89108551A 1988-06-08 1989-05-12 Sélecteur d'antenne coaxial Ceased EP0345482A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2179/88 1988-06-08
CH217988 1988-06-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345482A1 true EP0345482A1 (fr) 1989-12-13

Family

ID=4227738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89108551A Ceased EP0345482A1 (fr) 1988-06-08 1989-05-12 Sélecteur d'antenne coaxial

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5023575A (fr)
EP (1) EP0345482A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0236601A (fr)
BR (1) BR8902668A (fr)
CS (1) CS275731B6 (fr)
HU (1) HUT53989A (fr)
SU (1) SU1727541A3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3082841B2 (ja) * 1997-09-11 2000-08-28 日本電気株式会社 放送機出力信号分配・合成装置
US20030148794A1 (en) * 2002-02-01 2003-08-07 Wilson Charles M. Cellular communications tower connection device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2519933A (en) * 1944-09-02 1950-08-22 Gen Electric Rotatable joint for coaxial cables
GB927388A (en) * 1961-04-27 1963-05-29 Continental Electronics Mfg Radio frequency transmission line switching system
EP0003463A1 (fr) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-08 Thomson-Csf Antenne hyperfréquence montée sur un mât télescopique
EP0044099A1 (fr) * 1980-07-15 1982-01-20 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Commutateur coaxial
GB2127369A (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-04-11 Marconi Avionics Retractable radar scanner for aircraft

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB805684A (en) * 1956-05-01 1958-12-10 Marconi Wireless Telegraph Co Improvements in or relating to switching arrangements for coaxial cables
US3215954A (en) * 1963-07-08 1965-11-02 Collins Radio Co Radio frequency matrix switch with integral automatic stub disconnect
AU422240B2 (en) * 1968-11-21 1972-03-08 Standard Telephones & Cables Pty. Ltd Improvements in aerial exchanges
US3873794A (en) * 1973-04-20 1975-03-25 Kenneth Owen Radio frequency modular switch system
SU1020890A1 (ru) * 1981-02-06 1983-05-30 Obikhvost Nikolaj M Антенный коммутатор

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2519933A (en) * 1944-09-02 1950-08-22 Gen Electric Rotatable joint for coaxial cables
GB927388A (en) * 1961-04-27 1963-05-29 Continental Electronics Mfg Radio frequency transmission line switching system
EP0003463A1 (fr) * 1978-01-27 1979-08-08 Thomson-Csf Antenne hyperfréquence montée sur un mât télescopique
EP0044099A1 (fr) * 1980-07-15 1982-01-20 BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. Commutateur coaxial
GB2127369A (en) * 1982-09-03 1984-04-11 Marconi Avionics Retractable radar scanner for aircraft

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0236601A (ja) 1990-02-06
BR8902668A (pt) 1990-01-23
SU1727541A3 (ru) 1992-04-15
US5023575A (en) 1991-06-11
CS275731B6 (en) 1992-03-18
HUT53989A (en) 1990-12-28

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