EP0345244A1 - Facing plate, method of manufacturing it and installation for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Facing plate, method of manufacturing it and installation for manufacturing the same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0345244A1
EP0345244A1 EP89870084A EP89870084A EP0345244A1 EP 0345244 A1 EP0345244 A1 EP 0345244A1 EP 89870084 A EP89870084 A EP 89870084A EP 89870084 A EP89870084 A EP 89870084A EP 0345244 A1 EP0345244 A1 EP 0345244A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mold
paper
cover
plates
sand
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP89870084A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ernst Genten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GENORM SPRL
Original Assignee
GENORM SPRL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GENORM SPRL filed Critical GENORM SPRL
Publication of EP0345244A1 publication Critical patent/EP0345244A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
    • E04F13/0862—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements composed of a number of elements which are identical or not, e.g. carried by a common web, support plate or grid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
    • E04C2/041—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres composed of a number of smaller elements, e.g. bricks, also combined with a slab of hardenable material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a facing plate, in particular an insulating facing plate intended to be applied both to new buildings and to buildings undergoing renovation.
  • it also relates to an installation for the production of said insulating facing plates, in particular an installation for the mass production of these.
  • an insulating facing plate comprising brick, rubble or cut stone slabs adequately arranged, in accordance with masonry, in a foamed support, the joints between the various slabs being formed of sand bound by the foamed synthetic material of the support.
  • Said prior art document described also a process for producing an insulating facing plate, in which there are, on the bottom of a mold, with the outer face facing down, thin plates with a space corresponding to an ordinary joint, partially fills said joint with dry sand consisting of a mixture of fine sand and coarse sand so as to obtain a particle size range of 0 to 6 mm, after which the mold is closed, leaving a sufficient space in which a foamable material is injected , preferably a foamable polyurethane and the plate is removed after stabilization of the foam.
  • Document FR-A-2 230 826 discloses a method of manufacturing prefabricated tiles made up of tiles assembled together and with a support, in which there is placed in the bottom of a mold, a cardboard on which the tiles have been previously glued, a special mixture of synthetic resins is placed on the tile side, the said mixture is covered with an asbestos PVC plate and the mold is closed to allow the resins to cook.
  • this process is quite complex and, on the other hand, one does not obtain a coating product consisting of a facing plate whose joints between plates (tiles) can be repointed in a conventional manner, given that the synthetic material enters between the tiles to the right of the cardboard supporting said tiles.
  • the perimeter joint obtained in the same synthetic material is not sought since it makes visible the junction between two panels juxtaposed.
  • the present invention aims to provide an insulating facing plate of the aforementioned type which does not have the drawbacks of the cited state of the art and which can be produced continuously by a suitable method.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing said facing plates which can be carried out continuously.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an installation for the continuous and mass production of said insulating facing plates.
  • the facing plate comprising plates of brick, rubble stone, cut stones or substitutes thereof arranged in a foamed support with spaces corresponding to ordinary joints which consist of sand bound by the material of the foamed support, plate provided on its back with a sheet of paper or the like and on the lateral faces of a seal which extends over at least part of the thickness of said plate is characterized in that said joint consists of a strip of foamed PVC, preferably with closed cells, adhering to said foamed support.
  • the sheet of paper adhering to the back of the facing plates constitutes an additional insulating layer, against humidity for example.
  • it has the advantage of allowing easy manufacture of the facing plates and of facilitating their release from the mold.
  • it prevents the mold from being soiled by the foamed synthetic material and reduces the costs of cleaning the molds.
  • the side seal has the advantage of preventing foamed material / mold contact during the manufacture of the facing plates and also makes it possible, during the mounting of said plates, to omit the insulating and leaktight seal between adjacent plates.
  • the side seal facilitates demolding and reduces the costs of cleaning the mold and this fact, the manufacturing costs of the plate and it also has a significant advantage when using said plates, as mentioned above.
  • the latter can be coated, on its outer face, with a sheet of paper. This may possibly adhere very weakly to said side seal and be removed during mounting of the plates. However, it can also be provided that it extends beyond the side seal.
  • the method of manufacturing the facing plate of the type described above, in which there are on the bottom of a mold, with the outer face facing down, small plates thickness formed from a brick, a rubble stone or a cut stone or substitutes thereof, with a space corresponding to an ordinary joint is characterized in that one has, on the side walls of the mold, a side seal possibly covered with a sheet of paper which retains it in the mold, in that the said seals are then partially filled between plates of dry sand, in that the foamable synthetic material is placed uniformly in the mold, in that there is a sheet of paper between the mold and the cover thereof and in that the mold is closed to allow the foamable synthetic material to foam before removing the facing plate.
  • the product obtained has a constant quality.
  • the fact of depositing the foamable synthetic material in a uniform manner at the bottom of the mold, that is to say on the pads and the joint sand, makes it possible to overcome the difficulties encountered in obtaining a good distribution of a constant quality foam in the fairly large full volume of a plate facing according to the invention, in particular during central or lateral injection.
  • the installation for manufacturing a facing plate comprises at least: - a loading station at the bottom of the mold with the pads and sand; a station for depositing the foamable synthetic material comprising a member for distributing the foamable material; - a transverse paper transfer and paper cutting device; a member for transferring and positioning the mold under the paper stretched transversely with respect to the direction of travel of the molds; - A transfer member and positioning of mold covers above said paper; - A vertical pushing means acting on the mold and its cover so as to close the mold with a corresponding cover and to secure said cover to said mold in a removable manner; - a device for discharging closed molds in a foaming zone; - an unlocking means separating the mold cover after stabilization of the foam; - a device for evacuating and recycling the cover; - an extraction and evacuation station for the facing plate obtained from the mold; and - a device for evacuating and recycling molds.
  • the box constituting the mold proper is transferred to a station for distributing the foamable material.
  • the foamable material is deposited as much as possible uniformly on the bottom of the mold, that is to say on the plates and the joint sand, with the mold open. This procedure also makes it possible to avoid providing a cyclic connection to the mold or to the cover of a pressure injection duct for the foamable material.
  • the box constituting the mold is then transferred and positioned below a strip of paper unwound transversely relative to the direction of travel of said boxes.
  • a cover possibly coming from the recycling facility for these is positioned above said paper strip, substantially facing the mold.
  • a vertical pushing means advantageously constituted by a plate driven by a jack, applies the box against the cover by clamping between these two parts, the strip of paper immediately cut by a suitable device. Thanks to the action of said pushing member, the cover is secured to the box and the closed mold is transferred to a foaming zone so as to guarantee the thermal conditions necessary for the expansion of the foam.
  • the foaming zone consists of a racking preceded by a freight elevator which distributes the closed molds on the various levels of the shelving, and followed by a freight elevator which collects the closed molds at the exit of the corresponding levels, several mussels being juxtaposed on the same level.
  • these consist of inflatable air chambers acting on either side of the closed mold.
  • the mold cover comprises several latches pivotally mounted on an axis integral with the frame of said lid and having the shape of a hook which can interact with a corresponding roller mounted on an axis integral with the mold.
  • said lock is held in the locked position by a spring and is moved away from its locked position by a roller moving on a path of corresponding shape, arranged at the end of the hook opposite the pivot axis secured to the cover. .
  • an unlocking means which also consists of an arrangement of several rollers is actuated in a vertical movement similar to that of the rollers of the mold in the case of closing.
  • the unlocking roller pivots the lock about its pivot axis secured to the cover, against the force of the spring, and thus releases the mold from its cover.
  • the lock must be designed correspondingly and have, in addition to an adequately formed path, a bearing surface and an abutment point of the locking roller.
  • the extraction of the facing plate from its mold can of course be carried out manually. It is however advantageous to provide an automatic extraction station in which the facing plate is extracted by suction.
  • the transverse paper transfer device is advantageously also equipped with a heating zone which is arranged upstream and which consists of a sheath traversed by the paper, into which hot air is blown.
  • the mold bottom loading station can be manual or automated. It is of course preferable to provide an automated station.
  • the mold bottom loading station has two stations, a first for depositing the wafers with a gap corresponding to a masonry joint and a second for filling the spreads by sand.
  • the second automated station has certain peculiarities. At this stage, the gaps between the pads should be filled with sand approximately, without however contaminating the surfaces of the pads, as traces of sand on the pads could reduce adhesion to the foamed synthetic material.
  • the filling station for the gaps with sand comprises at least one reserve of sand discharged in an adjustable manner, optionally via a conveyor belt mounted on a carriage movable in the direction of travel of the molds, on a stencil for distributing the sand in the gaps between platelets.
  • the mold comprising on its bottom the plates separated in the manner of a masonry is driven to a fixed position.
  • a stencil is then lowered onto said mold and the carriage moves so that the sand is discharged from the conveyor belt and distributed over the surface of the stencil which distributes it in the recesses between plates.
  • the carriage is then returned to the starting position, the stencil is removed and the mold can continue its course in the installation.
  • the stencil consists of a frame in which are fixed prismatic elements having a base approximately equal to the surface of a wafer and arranged at a distance from each other in correspondence with the wafers arranged in the bottom of the mold.
  • the sand falling on said prisms is thus distributed in the gaps between plates by flowing between the various prisms.
  • the mold loaded with platelets and sand is subjected to a slight vibration tending to equalize the level of sand between the platelets.
  • the mold transfer system can consist of a conventional transport installation on rollers, rails and the like comprising stop zones and buffer zones as well as zones with different running speed.
  • the facing plate 1 shown in partial section in FIG. 1 comprises brick plates 3 for example arranged with a space 5 corresponding to an ordinary masonry joint in a foamed support 7.
  • the joint 5 ′ is arranged in such a way that at the juxtaposition of two plates, a joint similar to that which is identified in 5 is formed.
  • Joints 5 and 5 ′ consist of sand bound or agglomerated by the support material foam.
  • the facing plate 1 has on its back a sheet of paper 9 or the like.
  • the side faces are provided with a seal 11 made of foamed PVC which advantageously extends approximately over the entire thickness of the foamed support 7.
  • the side faces provided with said seal 11 are advantageously covered with a sheet of paper 13 or the like which projects beyond at 15 of the joint 11 to cover a part of the joint 5 ′ constituted by an agglomerate of sand and foam and possibly having an adequate clearance angle.
  • the sheet 13 can also be folded up and protrude at 17 from the support 7 of the coating plate of the invention
  • FIG 2 there is schematically shown the installation according to the present invention and for the manufacture of facing plates of the aforementioned type.
  • the mold is loaded with the brick plates 3 and the side seal 11 provided with a sheet of paper 13.
  • the brick plates are arranged on the bottom of the mold with the outside face facing towards said bottom, a spacing corresponding to a masonry joint 5 being maintained between the plates 3.
  • the bottom of the mold is advantageously provided with bracing elements protruding from the bottom of the mold, as described below.
  • the mold 19 then passes into the sand distribution station 25 shown in more detail in FIG. 3.
  • the mold 19 loaded with plates 3, sand 5, 5 ′ and the side seal 11 is transferred to a stop zone 301 where a stencil 303 is brought above said mold 19, in correspondence with the latter, by means of a drive by jacks 305 for example.
  • Said stencil consists of a frame 307 in which prismatic elements 309 are arranged in the manner of the plates and in correspondence with them, a passage being maintained between them, which corresponds to the seals 5 and 5 ′.
  • a carriage 310 equipped with a conveyor belt 311 moves and discharges the sand contained in a magazine 313 onto the stencil thanks to the endless belt 311, distributing it over the entire transverse dimension of the stencil.
  • the magazine 313 is mounted in an adjustable manner in height on the carriage in order to allow the adjustment of the quantity of sand discharged. Said store is obviously fed by a hopper 315 for example.
  • the stencil 303 can be removed and returned to the starting position.
  • a vibrating device 317 known per se.
  • the mold thus loaded is then transferred to a heating zone 30 which ensures that there is no more moisture in the sand and in the plates and which improves the conditions of foaming and distribution of foam in the subsequent step.
  • the wafers are preheated to about 30 ° C.
  • foamable synthetic material such as foamable polyurethane.
  • the latter is distributed over the bottom surface of the mold loaded by an arm 401 equipped with a suitable ejector 403, said arm moving so as to cover essentially the entire surface of polyurethane.
  • the mold is then immediately transferred to the next station where a sheet of paper 405 is unrolled and stretched transversely.
  • a vertical pushing means, at post 50, allows the connection between the cover and the mold which is then transferred to a foaming zone 60 which is followed by an unlocking means (70) separating the cover and the mold, after which the cover and mold are recycled separately and brought back to the stations corresponding starting points (20, 50).
  • the foaming zone 60 consists (FIG. 7) of a shelving unit 651 which is preceded by a conventional freight elevator 653 which directs the closed molds towards the various levels 655 of the shelving unit 651.
  • the closed molds stay there for a period sufficient to allow foaming and stiffening of the foam.
  • the various levels of the shelving are equipped with pressure means known per se such as inflatable air chambers 657 acting on either side of the closed mold. This makes it possible to work under particularly severe pressure conditions.
  • the molds having stayed long enough in the shelving are taken care of by a freight elevator 661 which transfers them to station 70.
  • Figures 5 and 6 relate more particularly to the mold and the locking mechanism.
  • the mold 501 comprises a frame constituted by an aluminum profile 503, for example, and equipped with a bottom 505.
  • the latter is advantageously provided with projecting elements 507 intended to separate the plates in the manner of a masonry. These projecting elements can be interchangeable and extend over part of the thickness of said plates 3. In this way, the installation of the plates is facilitated and an adequate seal is maintained between the plates.
  • the bottom 505 rests on a coated C-profile 508 welded to the frame 503, the outer face being able to be coated with a sheet of PVC 511.
  • the internal face of the frame 503 is advantageously flat and essentially perpendicular to the bottom 505.
  • an aluminum wedge 513 has been provided which is secured to the bottom 505 by a screw 515 which forms an adequate clearance angle beyond the lateral projecting elements 507 ′.
  • the seal 11 adhering to a sheet 13 is deposited along the edges of the mold, a part of sheet 13 protruding from said seal and folded over at one end of the latter keeps it in position by thus hanging it on the upper edge of the mold. Another part of the sheet 13 protruding from said joint at the opposite end prevents contact between the material while avoiding too frequent cleaning of the mold.
  • the cover 551 also consists of a frame made of aluminum profile 553, for example equipped with a bottom 559 similar to the bottom 509 and welded to the frame.
  • the lower part of the frame 551 coming into contact with the upper part of the mold comprises a lip 561 made of rubber for example which allows, when the mold is closed, to stretch the sheet 405 which will constitute the back 9 of the facing plate.
  • the profile serving as a frame for the mold proper and / or for the cover comprises, on one side, that is to say the internal side of the frame, a flat face 521 possibly provided with a shoulder 523 for placing the profile in C lying 509 or 559.
  • the side opposite to the face 521 has a projecting part 529 provided with lightening recesses 531 and 533 and, at the bottom, with a boss 535 for guiding and holding.
  • the contact face 527 is equipped with a groove 528 in which a lip 561 can be housed.
  • pivot axis 603 secured to the cover frame profile.
  • Said pivot axis is housed in said profile, at the location of the projecting part 529 and is fixed in rotation by a pin 605.
  • the frame profile is locally hollowed out on the lower and upper parts of the projecting part 529.
  • the openings 607 and 609 are made in correspondence with the recesses 531 so that the latch 601 can pass through the projecting part 529 in a plane essentially parallel to the planar face 521 of said profile.
  • the two corresponding opposite faces of the mold are equipped with rollers 611 arranged in correspondence with the latches 601. Said rollers are mounted on an axis 613 in a manner similar to the pivot 603.
  • the projecting part 529 of the frame profile of the mold also includes recesses 615 and 617 which are arranged so as to allow the pivoting movements of the lock.
  • the lock 601 is advantageously held in the closed position by a spring 619 possibly applying it against a rubber stopper 621.
  • the hook-shaped lock 601 has a path 623 constituted by a tail secured to the end of the hook, on which the roller 611 ′ slides when the mold approaches in the direction of the cover for closing. Said roller thus moves the hook from its locking position until, under the force of the spring 619, the hook jumps back into its closed position by hooking said roller 611 and thus tightening the cover on the mold, as soon as said roller 611 ′ has reached the appropriate position, that is to say that shown in 611.
  • the force of the spring is of course calculated in such a way that it prevents the separation of said hook by the pressure prevailing inside the mold, taking into account the inclination of the bearing surface 625 and the stop point. 627.
  • the molds are moved and transferred by means and members known per se such as conveyor belts, transfer devices with rollers or devices with rails and a driving pin.
  • the covers comprise, on opposite faces adjacent to the faces carrying the latches, rollers facilitating the handling and transfer of said covers in the recycling device for example.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

Thin splits (3) formed initially from a brick with a space (5) corresponding to an ordinary joint are arranged on the bottom of a mould with the external face turned downwards, a lateral joint (11), optionally covered with a sheet of paper (13) which holds it in the mould, is arranged on the sidewalls of the mould, the said joints (5) between the splits are then partially filled with dry sand, the foamable synthetic material is uniformly arranged in the mould, a sheet of paper or the like is arranged between the mould and the cover thereof and the mould is closed to allow the foamable synthetic material to foam before removing the facing plate (1) from the mould. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à une plaque de parement, notamment une plaque de parement isolante des­tinée à être appliquée aussi bien aux immeubles nouveaux qu'aux immeubles subissant une rénovation.The present invention relates to a facing plate, in particular an insulating facing plate intended to be applied both to new buildings and to buildings undergoing renovation.

Elle concerne également un procédé pour la fabri­cation desdites plaques de parement.It also relates to a process for the manufacture of said facing plates.

Selon encore un autre aspect de la présente in­vention, celle-ci concerne aussi une installation pour la production desdites plaques de parement isolantes, notam­ment une installation pour la production en grande série de celles-ci.According to yet another aspect of the present invention, it also relates to an installation for the production of said insulating facing plates, in particular an installation for the mass production of these.

Par le brevet belge 891 963, on connaît une pla­que de parement isolante comportant des plaquettes de bri­que, de moellon ou de pierre de taille disposées de ma­nière adéquate, conformément à une maçonnerie, dans un sup­port moussé, les joints entre les différentes plaquettes étant constitués de sable lié par la matière synthétique moussée du support.By Belgian patent 891 963, an insulating facing plate is known comprising brick, rubble or cut stone slabs adequately arranged, in accordance with masonry, in a foamed support, the joints between the various slabs being formed of sand bound by the foamed synthetic material of the support.

Lors du montage desdites plaques à l'aide de vis, par exemple, qui sont avantageusement logées dans les joints, il s'est avéré nécessaire de relier les diverses plaques adjacentes entre elles à l'aide d'une matière de joint isolante et étanche. Cette opération complique le montage des panneaux de revêtement et le rend assez oné­reux. De plus, ledit montage est dépendant des conditions climatiques.When mounting said plates using screws, for example, which are advantageously housed in the joints, it has been necessary to connect the various adjacent plates together using an insulating and waterproof seal material . This complicates the mounting of the covering panels and makes it quite expensive. In addition, said assembly is dependent on climatic conditions.

Ledit document de l'état de la technique décrit également un procédé de production d'une plaque de pare­ment isolante, dans lequel on dispose, sur le fond d'un moule, avec la face extérieure tournée vers le bas, des plaquettes de faible épaisseur avec un espace correspon­dant à un joint ordinaire, on remplit partiellement ledit joint de sable sec constitué d'un mélange de sable fin et de sable grossier de manière à obtenir une plage granulomé­trique de 0 à 6 mm, après quoi on ferme le moule en lais­sant un espace suffisant dans lequel on injecte une ma­tière moussable, de préférence un polyuréthane moussable et on retire la plaque après stabilisation de la mousse.Said prior art document described also a process for producing an insulating facing plate, in which there are, on the bottom of a mold, with the outer face facing down, thin plates with a space corresponding to an ordinary joint, partially fills said joint with dry sand consisting of a mixture of fine sand and coarse sand so as to obtain a particle size range of 0 to 6 mm, after which the mold is closed, leaving a sufficient space in which a foamable material is injected , preferably a foamable polyurethane and the plate is removed after stabilization of the foam.

Il est toutefois difficile de maintenir une qua­lité constante et une bonne distribution de la matière moussable dans un moule, notamment au vu du fond de moule irrégulier constitué par les plaquettes. En outre, les opé­rations de nettoyage des moules en vue de leur réutilisa­tion ultérieure prennent beaucoup de temps et sont onéreu­ses. Par ailleurs, cette façon de procéder ne peut que dif­ficilement être appliquée dans un procédé de fabrication en continu.It is however difficult to maintain a constant quality and a good distribution of the foamable material in a mold, in particular in view of the irregular mold bottom formed by the plates. In addition, the cleaning operations of the molds for later reuse are time-consuming and expensive. Furthermore, this procedure can only be applied with difficulty in a continuous manufacturing process.

Par le document FR-A-2 230 826, on connaît un procédé de fabrication de dalles préfabriquées constituées de carreaux assemblés entre eux et avec un support, dans lequel on dispose dans le fond d'un moule, un carton sur lequel les carreaux ont été préalablement collés, on dis­pose sur l'ensemble côté carreaux un mélange de résines synthétiques particulier, on recouvre ledit mélange d'une plaque de PVC amiantée et on ferme le moule pour permettre la cuisson des résines.Document FR-A-2 230 826 discloses a method of manufacturing prefabricated tiles made up of tiles assembled together and with a support, in which there is placed in the bottom of a mold, a cardboard on which the tiles have been previously glued, a special mixture of synthetic resins is placed on the tile side, the said mixture is covered with an asbestos PVC plate and the mold is closed to allow the resins to cook.

D'une part, ce procédé est assez complexe et, d'autre part, on n'obtient pas un produit de revêtement constitué d'une plaque de parement dont les joints entre plaquettes (carreaux) peuvent être rejointoyés de manière classique, étant donné que la matière synthétique pénètre entre les carreaux jusqu'au droit du carton supportant les­dits carreaux. Par ailleurs, le joint périmétrique obtenu dans la même matière synthétique n'est pas recherché étant donné qu'il rend visible la jonction entre deux panneaux juxtaposés.On the one hand, this process is quite complex and, on the other hand, one does not obtain a coating product consisting of a facing plate whose joints between plates (tiles) can be repointed in a conventional manner, given that the synthetic material enters between the tiles to the right of the cardboard supporting said tiles. In addition, the perimeter joint obtained in the same synthetic material is not sought since it makes visible the junction between two panels juxtaposed.

La présente invention vise à fournir une plaque de parement isolante du type susmentionné qui ne présente pas les inconvénients de l'état de la technique cité et qui peut être produite en continu par un procédé adapté.The present invention aims to provide an insulating facing plate of the aforementioned type which does not have the drawbacks of the cited state of the art and which can be produced continuously by a suitable method.

Un autre but de la présente invention consiste à fournir un procédé de fabrication desdites plaques de pare­ment qui peut être mis en oeuvre de manière continue.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing said facing plates which can be carried out continuously.

Un autre but de la présente invention consiste à fournir une installation pour la fabrication en continu et en grande série desdites plaques de parement isolantes.Another object of the present invention is to provide an installation for the continuous and mass production of said insulating facing plates.

Selon le premier aspect de la présente inven­tion, la plaque de parement comportant des plaquettes de brique, de moellon, de pierres de taille ou de substituts de ceux-ci disposées dans un support moussé avec des espa­ces correspondant à des joints ordinaires qui sont consti­tués de sable lié par la matière du support moussé, plaque munie sur son dos d'une feuille de papier ou analogue et sur les faces latérales d'un joint qui s'étend sur au moins une partie de l'épaisseur de ladite plaque est carac­térisée en ce que ledit joint consiste en une bande de PVC moussé, de préférence à cellules fermées, adhérant audit support moussé.According to the first aspect of the present invention, the facing plate comprising plates of brick, rubble stone, cut stones or substitutes thereof arranged in a foamed support with spaces corresponding to ordinary joints which consist of sand bound by the material of the foamed support, plate provided on its back with a sheet of paper or the like and on the lateral faces of a seal which extends over at least part of the thickness of said plate is characterized in that said joint consists of a strip of foamed PVC, preferably with closed cells, adhering to said foamed support.

La feuille de papier adhérant au dos des plaques de parement constitue une couche isolante supplémentaire, contre l'humidité par exemple. Elle présente cependant l'avantage de permettre une fabrication aisée des plaques de parement et de faciliter le démoulage de celles-ci. En outre, elle empêche le salissement du moule par la matière synthétique moussée et réduit les coûts de nettoyage des moules.The sheet of paper adhering to the back of the facing plates constitutes an additional insulating layer, against humidity for example. However, it has the advantage of allowing easy manufacture of the facing plates and of facilitating their release from the mold. In addition, it prevents the mold from being soiled by the foamed synthetic material and reduces the costs of cleaning the molds.

Le joint latéral présente l'avantage d'empêcher le contact matière moussée/moule lors de la fabrication des plaques de parement et permet, de plus, lors du mon­tage desdites plaques, d'omettre le joint isolant et étan­che entre des plaques adjacentes. Tout comme le papier ad­hérant au dos de la plaque, le joint latéral facilite le démoulage et réduit les coûts de nettoyage du moule et, de ce fait, les coûts de fabrication de la plaque et il pré­sente également un avantage important lors de l'utilisa­tion desdites plaques, comme mentionné ci-dessus.The side seal has the advantage of preventing foamed material / mold contact during the manufacture of the facing plates and also makes it possible, during the mounting of said plates, to omit the insulating and leaktight seal between adjacent plates. Like the paper adhering to the back of the plate, the side seal facilitates demolding and reduces the costs of cleaning the mold and this fact, the manufacturing costs of the plate and it also has a significant advantage when using said plates, as mentioned above.

Selon une forme d'exécution préférée et pour des raisons de faciliter le placement dudit joint latéral dans le moule, celui-ci peut être revêtu, sur sa face exté­rieure, d'une feuille de papier. Celle-ci peut éventuelle­ment adhérer très faiblement audit joint latéral et être retirée lors du montage des plaques. Il peut cependant éga­lement être prévu que celle-ci déborde du joint latéral.According to a preferred embodiment and for reasons of facilitating the placement of said lateral seal in the mold, the latter can be coated, on its outer face, with a sheet of paper. This may possibly adhere very weakly to said side seal and be removed during mounting of the plates. However, it can also be provided that it extends beyond the side seal.

Selon un deuxième aspect de la présente inven­tion, le procédé de fabrication de la plaque de parement du type décrit ci-dessus, dans lequel on dispose sur le fond d'un moule, avec la face extérieure tournée vers le bas, des plaquettes de faible épaisseur formées au départ d'une brique, d'un moellon ou d'une pierre de taille ou de substituts de ceux-ci, avec un espace correspondant à un joint ordinaire, est caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose, sur les parois latérales du moule, un joint latéral éventuelle­ment couvert d'une feuille de papier qui le retient dans le moule, en ce qu'on remplit ensuite partiellement les­dits joints entre plaquettes de sable sec, en ce qu'on dis­pose la matière synthétique moussable uniformément dans le moule, en ce qu'on dispose une feuille de papier entre le moule et le couvercle de celui-ci et en ce qu'on ferme le moule pour laisser mousser la matière synthétique moussa­ble avant de démouler la plaque de parement.According to a second aspect of the present invention, the method of manufacturing the facing plate of the type described above, in which there are on the bottom of a mold, with the outer face facing down, small plates thickness formed from a brick, a rubble stone or a cut stone or substitutes thereof, with a space corresponding to an ordinary joint, is characterized in that one has, on the side walls of the mold, a side seal possibly covered with a sheet of paper which retains it in the mold, in that the said seals are then partially filled between plates of dry sand, in that the foamable synthetic material is placed uniformly in the mold, in that there is a sheet of paper between the mold and the cover thereof and in that the mold is closed to allow the foamable synthetic material to foam before removing the facing plate.

On constate que le procédé de la présente inven­tion est particulièrement performant et permet la fabrica­tion en continu et en grande série de plaques de parement conformes à la présente invention.It can be seen that the process of the present invention is particularly efficient and allows the continuous and large-scale production of facing plates in accordance with the present invention.

Par ailleurs, le produit obtenu présente une qua­lité constante. En effet, le fait de déposer la matière synthétique moussable de manière uniforme dans le fond du moule, c'est-à-dire sur les plaquettes et le sable de joint, permet de pallier aux difficultés rencontrées pour obtenir une bonne répartition d'une mousse de qualité cons­tante dans le volume complet assez important d'une plaque de parement conforme à l'invention, notamment lors de l'in­jection centrale ou latérale.Furthermore, the product obtained has a constant quality. Indeed, the fact of depositing the foamable synthetic material in a uniform manner at the bottom of the mold, that is to say on the pads and the joint sand, makes it possible to overcome the difficulties encountered in obtaining a good distribution of a constant quality foam in the fairly large full volume of a plate facing according to the invention, in particular during central or lateral injection.

Ceci permet également de travailler à une pres­sion de mousse moindre; ce qui augmente le coefficient d'isolation thermique de ladite mousse, notamment lors­qu'il s'agit de polyuréthane.This also allows working at a lower foam pressure; which increases the coefficient of thermal insulation of said foam, especially when it is polyurethane.

En vue d'encore améliorer la constance de qua­lité de mousse, il est avantageux de préchauffer le moule, les plaquettes et le papier de dos. Il est en tout cas es­sentiel d'utiliser du sable sec et des plaquettes sèches de manière à conserver une adhérence maximum entre la mousse et les plaquettes.In order to further improve the consistency of foam quality, it is advantageous to preheat the mold, the pads and the backing paper. In any case, it is essential to use dry sand and dry pads so as to maintain maximum adhesion between the foam and the pads.

Selon le troisième aspect de l'invention, l'ins­tallation pour la fabrication d'une plaque de parement com­porte au moins:
- un poste de chargement du fond du moule avec les plaquet­tes et le sable;
- un poste de dépôt de la matière synthétique moussable comportant un organe de répartition de la matière moussa­ble;
- un dispositif de transfert transversal de papier et de coupe du papier;
- un organe de transfert et de positionnement du moule sous le papier tendu transversalement par rapport à la direction de défilement des moules;
- un organe de transfert et de positionnement de couver­cles de moule au-dessus dudit papier;
- un moyen de poussée verticale agissant sur le moule et son couvercle de manière à fermer le moule par un couver­cle correspondant et à solidariser ledit couvercle dudit moule de manière démontable;
- un dispositif d'évacuation des moules fermés dans une zone de moussage;
- un moyen de déverrouillage désolidarisant le couvercle du moule après stabilisation de la mousse;
- un dispositif d'évacuation et de recyclage du couvercle; - un poste d'extraction et d'évacuation de la plaque de parement obtenue hors du moule; et
- un dispositif d'évacuation et de recyclage des moules.According to the third aspect of the invention, the installation for manufacturing a facing plate comprises at least:
- a loading station at the bottom of the mold with the pads and sand;
a station for depositing the foamable synthetic material comprising a member for distributing the foamable material;
- a transverse paper transfer and paper cutting device;
a member for transferring and positioning the mold under the paper stretched transversely with respect to the direction of travel of the molds;
- A transfer member and positioning of mold covers above said paper;
- A vertical pushing means acting on the mold and its cover so as to close the mold with a corresponding cover and to secure said cover to said mold in a removable manner;
- a device for discharging closed molds in a foaming zone;
- an unlocking means separating the mold cover after stabilization of the foam;
- a device for evacuating and recycling the cover; - an extraction and evacuation station for the facing plate obtained from the mold; and
- a device for evacuating and recycling molds.

Dès que le fond du moule est chargé des plaquet­tes et du sable conformément au procédé de l'invention, le caisson constituant le moule proprement dit est transféré sous un poste de répartition de la matière moussable. En vue d'éviter les inconvénients dus à une injection laté­rale ou centrale dans un moule fermé, c'est-à-dire due à une mauvaise répartition de la matière, qualité de mousse non uniforme, travail sous pression élevée qui réduit les propriétés thermiques du matériau, on dépose la matière moussable autant que possible uniformément sur le fond du moule, c'est-à-dire sur les plaquettes et le sable de joint, à moule ouvert. Cette façon de procéder permet éga­lement d'éviter de prévoir un raccordement cyclique au moule ou au couvercle d'un conduit d'injection sous pres­sion de la matière moussable.As soon as the bottom of the mold is loaded with wafers and sand in accordance with the process of the invention, the box constituting the mold proper is transferred to a station for distributing the foamable material. In order to avoid the disadvantages due to a lateral or central injection in a closed mold, that is to say due to a poor distribution of the material, non-uniform quality of foam, work under high pressure which reduces the thermal properties of the material, the foamable material is deposited as much as possible uniformly on the bottom of the mold, that is to say on the plates and the joint sand, with the mold open. This procedure also makes it possible to avoid providing a cyclic connection to the mold or to the cover of a pressure injection duct for the foamable material.

Le caisson constituant le moule est ensuite transféré et positionné en dessous d'une bande de papier déroulée transversalement par rapport à la direction de défilement desdits caissons.The box constituting the mold is then transferred and positioned below a strip of paper unwound transversely relative to the direction of travel of said boxes.

Un couvercle provenant éventuellement de l'ins­tallation de recyclage de ceux-ci est positionné au-dessus de ladite bande de papier, substantiellement face au moule.A cover possibly coming from the recycling facility for these is positioned above said paper strip, substantially facing the mold.

Un moyen de poussée verticale, avantageusement constitué par un plateau entraîné par un vérin, applique le caisson contre le couvercle en serrant entre ces deux parties, la bande de papier aussitôt coupée par un disposi­tif adéquat. Grâce à l'action dudit organe de poussée, le couvercle est solidarisé au caisson et le moule fermé est transféré dans une zone de moussage de manière à garantir les conditions thermiques nécessaires à l'expansion de la mousse.A vertical pushing means, advantageously constituted by a plate driven by a jack, applies the box against the cover by clamping between these two parts, the strip of paper immediately cut by a suitable device. Thanks to the action of said pushing member, the cover is secured to the box and the closed mold is transferred to a foaming zone so as to guarantee the thermal conditions necessary for the expansion of the foam.

Avantageusement, la zone de moussage consiste en un rayonnage précédé d'un monte-charge qui distribue les moules fermés sur les divers niveaux du rayonnage, et suivi d'un monte-charge qui récupère les moules fermés à la sortie des niveaux correspondants, plusieurs moules étant juxtaposables sur un même niveau.Advantageously, the foaming zone consists of a racking preceded by a freight elevator which distributes the closed molds on the various levels of the shelving, and followed by a freight elevator which collects the closed molds at the exit of the corresponding levels, several mussels being juxtaposed on the same level.

Afin de pouvoir effectuer le moussage sous haute pression, on peut envisager d'équiper les divers niveaux du rayonnage de moyens de pression. Selon une forme d'exé­cution préférée, ceux-ci consistent en des chambres à air gonflables agissant de part et d'autre du moule fermé.In order to be able to carry out foaming under high pressure, it is possible to envisage equipping the various levels of the shelving with pressure means. According to a preferred embodiment, these consist of inflatable air chambers acting on either side of the closed mold.

A la sortie de cette zone, couvercle et caisson sont de nouveau séparés par un organe de déverrouillage et la plaque de parement peut être retirée du caisson, le cou­vercle et le caisson étant recyclés au début de l'installa­tion.At the exit of this zone, the cover and box are again separated by an unlocking member and the facing plate can be removed from the box, the cover and the box being recycled at the start of the installation.

Il est à noter que le fait de prévoir des moules pouvant être fermés et ouverts moyennant un organe de soli­darisation adéquat permet de se libérer de l'utilisation d'une ou de plusieurs presses. On conçoit aisément que cette solution est particulièrement peu onéreuse, simple et sûre pour ce qui concerne le fonctionnement. Les pres­ses, par contre, sont onéreuses et, dans le cas d'un pro­cédé continu tel que susmentionné, cette solution ne peut que difficilement être retenue, vu la complexité de l'ins­tallation.It should be noted that the fact of providing molds which can be closed and opened by means of an adequate securing member makes it possible to free oneself from the use of one or more presses. It is easy to see that this solution is particularly inexpensive, simple and safe as regards operation. Presses, on the other hand, are expensive and, in the case of a continuous process as mentioned above, this solution can only be difficult to adopt, given the complexity of the installation.

Conformément à la présente invention, le couver­cle du moule comporte plusieurs verrous montés de manière pivotante sur un axe solidaire du cadre dudit couvercle et présentant la forme d'un crochet qui peut interagir avec un galet correspondant monté sur un axe solidaire du moule.According to the present invention, the mold cover comprises several latches pivotally mounted on an axis integral with the frame of said lid and having the shape of a hook which can interact with a corresponding roller mounted on an axis integral with the mold.

Avantageusement, ledit verrou est maintenu en position de verrouillage par un ressort et est écarté de sa position de verrouillage par un galet se déplaçant sur un trajet de forme correspondante, agencé à l'extrémité du crochet opposé à l'axe de pivotement solidaire du couver­cle.Advantageously, said lock is held in the locked position by a spring and is moved away from its locked position by a roller moving on a path of corresponding shape, arranged at the end of the hook opposite the pivot axis secured to the cover. .

Dans le cas de la fermeture du moule, c'est avan­tageusement le galet du moule qui écarte ledit verrou, lors du déplacement du moyen de poussée verticale, jusqu'à ce que le verrou en forme de crochet vienne s'encliqueter sur ledit galet sous l'effet du ressort, en maintenant ainsi réunis le moule et le couvercle.In the case of the closing of the mold, it is advantageously the roller of the mold which draws aside said lock, during the displacement of the vertical pushing means, until the hook-shaped lock comes to snap onto said roller under the effect of the spring, maintaining thus joined the mold and the lid.

Dans le cas de l'ouverture du moule, un moyen de déverrouillage qui consiste également en un agencement de plusieurs galets est actionné dans un mouvement vertical analogue à celui des galets du moule dans le cas de la fer­meture. Le galet de déverrouillage fait pivoter le verrou autour de son axe de pivotement solidaire du couvercle, contre la force du ressort, et libère ainsi le moule de son couvercle.In the case of opening the mold, an unlocking means which also consists of an arrangement of several rollers is actuated in a vertical movement similar to that of the rollers of the mold in the case of closing. The unlocking roller pivots the lock about its pivot axis secured to the cover, against the force of the spring, and thus releases the mold from its cover.

Il est bien évident que le verrou doit être conçu de manière correspondante et présenter, en plus d'un trajet formé de manière adéquate, une surface d'appui et un point de butée du galet de verrouillage.It is obvious that the lock must be designed correspondingly and have, in addition to an adequately formed path, a bearing surface and an abutment point of the locking roller.

L'extraction de la plaque de parement de son moule peut bien entendu s'effectuer manuellement. Il est toutefois avantageux de prévoir un poste d'extraction auto­matique dans lequel la plaque de parement est extraite par aspiration.The extraction of the facing plate from its mold can of course be carried out manually. It is however advantageous to provide an automatic extraction station in which the facing plate is extracted by suction.

On a également constaté qu'il est important, pour l'obtention d'une mousse de bonne qualité, notamment une mousse de polyuréthane, et d'une adhérence suffisante de celle-ci aux plaquettes, de faire appel à des plaquet­tes et du sable sec ou, de préférence, de préchauffer les plaquettes. Par conséquent, il est prévu dans l'installa­tion conforme à la présente invention, une zone de chauf­fage disposée en amont du poste de dépôt de la matière syn­thétique.It has also been found that it is important, in order to obtain a good quality foam, in particular a polyurethane foam, and of sufficient adhesion of the latter to the pads, to use pads and sand. dry or, preferably, preheat the pads. Consequently, there is provided in the installation according to the present invention, a heating zone arranged upstream of the station for depositing the synthetic material.

Par ailleurs, le dispositif de transfert trans­versal de papier est avantageusement aussi équipé d'une zone de chauffage qui est disposée en amont et qui con­siste en une gaine parcourue par le papier, dans laquelle on insuffle de l'air chaud.Furthermore, the transverse paper transfer device is advantageously also equipped with a heating zone which is arranged upstream and which consists of a sheath traversed by the paper, into which hot air is blown.

Le poste de chargement du fond du moule peut être manuel ou automatisé. Il est bien entendu préférable de prévoir un poste automatisé. Le poste de chargement du fond du moule comporte deux stations, une première pour le dépôt des plaquettes avec un écart correspondant à un joint de maçonnerie et un deuxième pour le remplissage des écarts par du sable.The mold bottom loading station can be manual or automated. It is of course preferable to provide an automated station. The mold bottom loading station has two stations, a first for depositing the wafers with a gap corresponding to a masonry joint and a second for filling the spreads by sand.

Alors que pour la première station, on peut faire appel à des appareillages connus dans l'état de la technique, la deuxième station automatisée présente certai­nes particularités. Il y a lieu, à ce stade, de remplir approximativement de sable les écarts entre plaquettes, sans toutefois souiller les surfaces des plaquettes, car des traces de sable sur les plaquettes pourraient réduire l'adhérence à la matière synthétique moussée.While for the first station, it is possible to use apparatuses known in the state of the art, the second automated station has certain peculiarities. At this stage, the gaps between the pads should be filled with sand approximately, without however contaminating the surfaces of the pads, as traces of sand on the pads could reduce adhesion to the foamed synthetic material.

La station de remplissage des écarts par du sa­ble comporte au moins une réserve de sable déchargée de manière réglable, éventuellement via une bande transpor­teuse montée sur un chariot déplaçable dans la direction de défilement des moules, sur un pochoir de répartition du sable dans les écarts entre plaquettes.The filling station for the gaps with sand comprises at least one reserve of sand discharged in an adjustable manner, optionally via a conveyor belt mounted on a carriage movable in the direction of travel of the molds, on a stencil for distributing the sand in the gaps between platelets.

Conformément à la présente invention, le moule comportant sur son fond les plaquettes écartées à la ma­nière d'une maçonnerie est entraîné jusqu'à une position fixe. Un pochoir est ensuite abaissé sur ledit moule et le chariot se déplace de telle sorte que le sable est dé­chargé de la bande transporteuse et distribué sur la sur­face du pochoir qui le répartit dans les creux entre pla­quettes. Le chariot est ensuite ramené en position de dé­part, le pochoir est retiré et le moule peut poursuivre son parcours dans l'installation.In accordance with the present invention, the mold comprising on its bottom the plates separated in the manner of a masonry is driven to a fixed position. A stencil is then lowered onto said mold and the carriage moves so that the sand is discharged from the conveyor belt and distributed over the surface of the stencil which distributes it in the recesses between plates. The carriage is then returned to the starting position, the stencil is removed and the mold can continue its course in the installation.

Avantageusement, le pochoir consiste en un cadre dans lequel sont fixés des éléments prismatiques ayant une base approximativement égale à la surface d'une plaquette et agencés à distance l'un de l'autre en correspondance avec les plaquettes disposées dans le fond du moule. Le sable tombant sur lesdits prismes se répartit ainsi dans les écarts entre plaquettes en coulant entre les divers prismes.Advantageously, the stencil consists of a frame in which are fixed prismatic elements having a base approximately equal to the surface of a wafer and arranged at a distance from each other in correspondence with the wafers arranged in the bottom of the mold. The sand falling on said prisms is thus distributed in the gaps between plates by flowing between the various prisms.

Selon une forme d'exécution préférée de l'instal­lation conforme à la présente invention, le moule chargé de plaquettes et de sable est soumis à une légère vibra­tion tendant à égaliser le niveau de sable entre les pla­quettes.According to a preferred embodiment of the installation according to the present invention, the mold loaded with platelets and sand is subjected to a slight vibration tending to equalize the level of sand between the platelets.

Il est bien évident que l'installation de l'in­vention peut encore être équipée des organes et appareilla­ges de commande et de contrôle qui sont à la portée de l'homme de l'art et/ou connus dans l'état de la technique.It is obvious that the installation of the invention can also be fitted with command and control devices and apparatus which are within the reach of those skilled in the art and / or known in the state of the art.

Ainsi, le système de transfert des moules peut consister en une installation classique de transport sur rouleaux, rails et autres comportant des zones d'arrêt et des zones tampon ainsi que des zones à vitesse de défile­ment différente.Thus, the mold transfer system can consist of a conventional transport installation on rollers, rails and the like comprising stop zones and buffer zones as well as zones with different running speed.

L'invention est décrite plus en détail ci-­dessous à l'appui des dessins dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue en coupe partielle d'une plaque de parement conforme à la présente inven­tion;
  • - la figure 2 est un schéma bloc d'une installation con­forme à la présente invention;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue en perspective schématique plus détaillée du poste de chargement des moules;
  • - la figure 4 est une vue en perspective schématique plus détaillée de la partie essentielle de l'ins­tallation;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale partielle d'un moule et de son système de verrouil­lage;
  • - la figure 6 est une vue en coupe longitudinale selon la ligne A-A de la figure 5; et
  • - la figure 7 est une vue schématique partielle de l'ins­tallation, notamment de la zone de moussage.
The invention is described in more detail below in support of the drawings in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a facing plate according to the present invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a block diagram of an installation according to the present invention;
  • - Figure 3 is a more detailed schematic perspective view of the mold loading station;
  • - Figure 4 is a more detailed schematic perspective view of the essential part of the installation;
  • - Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of a mold and its locking system;
  • - Figure 6 is a longitudinal sectional view along the line AA of Figure 5; and
  • - Figure 7 is a partial schematic view of the installation, in particular of the foaming zone.

Dans les figures, des repères de référence iden­tiques représentent des éléments identiques ou analogues.In the figures, identical reference marks represent identical or analogous elements.

La plaque de parement 1 représentée en coupe par­tielle à la figure 1 comporte des plaquettes de brique 3 par exemple disposées avec un espace 5 correspondant à un joint ordinaire de maçonnerie dans un support moussé 7. Le joint 5′ est agencé de manière telle qu'à la juxtaposition de deux plaques, un joint analogue à celui qui est repéré en 5 soit constitué. Les joints 5 et 5′ sont constitués par du sable lié ou aggloméré par la matière du support moussé. Conformément à l'invention, la plaque de parement 1 comporte sur son dos une feuille de papier 9 ou autre. Les faces latérales sont munies d'un joint 11 en PVC moussé qui s'étend avantageusement approximativement sur toute l'épaisseur du support moussé 7. Les faces latérales munies dudit joint 11 sont avantageusement recouvertes d'une feuille de papier 13 ou analogue qui déborde en 15 du joint 11 pour recouvrir une partie de joint 5′ consti­tuée par un agglomérat de sable et de mousse et présentant éventuellement un angle de dépouille adéquat. Pour des rai­sons de facilité de fabrication, la feuille 13 peut égale­ment être repliée et déborder en 17 du support 7 de plaque de revêetement de l'inventionThe facing plate 1 shown in partial section in FIG. 1 comprises brick plates 3 for example arranged with a space 5 corresponding to an ordinary masonry joint in a foamed support 7. The joint 5 ′ is arranged in such a way that at the juxtaposition of two plates, a joint similar to that which is identified in 5 is formed. Joints 5 and 5 ′ consist of sand bound or agglomerated by the support material foam. According to the invention, the facing plate 1 has on its back a sheet of paper 9 or the like. The side faces are provided with a seal 11 made of foamed PVC which advantageously extends approximately over the entire thickness of the foamed support 7. The side faces provided with said seal 11 are advantageously covered with a sheet of paper 13 or the like which projects beyond at 15 of the joint 11 to cover a part of the joint 5 ′ constituted by an agglomerate of sand and foam and possibly having an adequate clearance angle. For reasons of ease of manufacture, the sheet 13 can also be folded up and protrude at 17 from the support 7 of the coating plate of the invention

A la figure 2, on a schématiquement représenté l'installation conforme à la présente invention et desti­née à la fabrication des plaques de parement du type sus­mentionné.In Figure 2, there is schematically shown the installation according to the present invention and for the manufacture of facing plates of the aforementioned type.

Au poste 20 est prévu le chargement du moule avec les plaquettes de brique 3 et le joint latéral 11 muni d'une feuille de papier 13. Les plaquettes de brique sont disposées sur le fond du moule avec la face exté­rieure orientée vers ledit fond, un espacement correspon­dant à un joint de maçonnerie 5 étant maintenu entre les plaquettes 3. Pour ce faire, le fond du moule est avanta­geusement muni d'éléments d'entretoisement faisant saillie sur le fond du moule, comme décrit plus loin.At station 20, the mold is loaded with the brick plates 3 and the side seal 11 provided with a sheet of paper 13. The brick plates are arranged on the bottom of the mold with the outside face facing towards said bottom, a spacing corresponding to a masonry joint 5 being maintained between the plates 3. To do this, the bottom of the mold is advantageously provided with bracing elements protruding from the bottom of the mold, as described below.

Le moule 19 passe ensuite dans la station de ré­partition de sable 25 représentée de manière plus détail­lée à la figure 3. Le moule 19 chargé de plaquettes 3, du sable 5, 5′ et du joint latéral 11 est transféré dans une zone d'arrêt 301 où un pochoir 303 est amené au-dessus du­dit moule 19, en correspondance avec celui-ci, grâce à un entraînement par vérins 305 par exemple. Ledit pochoir est constitué d'un cadre 307 dans lequel des éléments prismati­ques 309 sont agencés à la manière des plaquettes et en correspondance avec celles-ci, un passage étant maintenu entre ceux-ci, qui correspond aux joints 5 et 5′. Dès que le pochoir 303 est positionné, un chariot 310 équipé d'un tapis roulant 311 se déplace et décharge le sable contenu dans un magasin 313 sur le pochoir grâce au tapis sans fin 311, en le répartissant sur toute la dimension transver­sale du pochoir. Dès que le tapis roulant est arrivé à l'extrémité opposée du pochoir, sa rotation est arrêtée et le chariot est ramené dans sa position de départ. Le maga­sin 313 est monté de manière réglable en hauteur sur le chariot en vue de permettre le réglage de la quantité de sable déchargée. Ledit magasin est évidemment alimenté par une trémie 315 par exemple.The mold 19 then passes into the sand distribution station 25 shown in more detail in FIG. 3. The mold 19 loaded with plates 3, sand 5, 5 ′ and the side seal 11 is transferred to a stop zone 301 where a stencil 303 is brought above said mold 19, in correspondence with the latter, by means of a drive by jacks 305 for example. Said stencil consists of a frame 307 in which prismatic elements 309 are arranged in the manner of the plates and in correspondence with them, a passage being maintained between them, which corresponds to the seals 5 and 5 ′. As soon as the stencil 303 is positioned, a carriage 310 equipped with a conveyor belt 311 moves and discharges the sand contained in a magazine 313 onto the stencil thanks to the endless belt 311, distributing it over the entire transverse dimension of the stencil. As soon as the treadmill has reached the opposite end of the stencil, its rotation is stopped and the carriage is returned to its starting position. The magazine 313 is mounted in an adjustable manner in height on the carriage in order to allow the adjustment of the quantity of sand discharged. Said store is obviously fed by a hopper 315 for example.

Après la fin de cette opération, le pochoir 303 peut être retiré et ramené en position de départ. En vue d'égaliser le niveau de sable entre les joints 5 et 5′, il peut être prévu une étape de vibrage du moule sortant par un appareil vibrant 317 connu en soi.After the end of this operation, the stencil 303 can be removed and returned to the starting position. In order to equalize the level of sand between the joints 5 and 5 ′, provision may be made for vibrating the outgoing mold by a vibrating device 317 known per se.

Le moule ainsi chargé est ensuite transféré vers une zone de chauffage 30 qui assure qu'il n'y ait plus d'humidité dans le sable et dans les plaquettes et qui amé­liore les conditions de moussage et de répartition de mousse à l'étape ultérieure. Les plaquettes sont avantageu­sement préchauffées à environ 30°C.The mold thus loaded is then transferred to a heating zone 30 which ensures that there is no more moisture in the sand and in the plates and which improves the conditions of foaming and distribution of foam in the subsequent step. . Advantageously, the wafers are preheated to about 30 ° C.

Au poste 40, on a prévu le dépôt de matière syn­thétique moussable telle que du polyuréthane moussable. Ce dernier est réparti sur la surface du fond du moule chargé par un bras 401 équipé d'un éjecteur adéquat 403, ledit bras se déplaçant afin de couvrir essentiellement toute la surface de polyuréthane.At station 40, provision has been made for the deposition of foamable synthetic material such as foamable polyurethane. The latter is distributed over the bottom surface of the mold loaded by an arm 401 equipped with a suitable ejector 403, said arm moving so as to cover essentially the entire surface of polyurethane.

On évite ainsi les difficultés qu'éprouve la mousse à s'étendre dans un volume fermé à parois rugueu­ses.This avoids the difficulties experienced by the foam in expanding into a closed volume with rough walls.

Il est également avantageux de récupérer une par­tie d'air chaud et de l'envoyer dans une gaine 406 traver­sée par le papier 405 destiné à constituer le dos de la plaque de parement.It is also advantageous to recover a portion of hot air and to send it into a sheath 406 through which the paper 405 intended to constitute the back of the facing plate passes.

Le moule est ensuite immédiatement transféré au poste suivant où une feuille de papier 405 est déroulée et tendue transversalement.The mold is then immediately transferred to the next station where a sheet of paper 405 is unrolled and stretched transversely.

Un moyen de poussée verticale, au poste 50, permet la liaison entre le couvercle et le moule qui est ensuite transféré dans une zone de moussage 60 qui est sui­vie d'un moyen de déverrouillage (70) désolidarisant le couvercle et le moule, après quoi couvercle et moule sont recyclés séparément et ramenés aux postes de départ corres­pondants (20, 50).A vertical pushing means, at post 50, allows the connection between the cover and the mold which is then transferred to a foaming zone 60 which is followed by an unlocking means (70) separating the cover and the mold, after which the cover and mold are recycled separately and brought back to the stations corresponding starting points (20, 50).

Selon une forme d'exécution préférée, la zone de moussage 60 consiste (figure 7) en un rayonnage 651 qui est précédé d'un monte-charge 653 classique qui oriente les moules fermés vers les divers niveaux 655 du rayonnage 651. Les moules fermés y séjournent pendant une période suffisante pour permettre le moussage et la rigidification de la mousse. Avantageusement, les divers niveaux du rayon­nage sont équipés de moyens de pression connus en soi tels que des chambres à air gonflables 657 agissant de part et d'autre du moule fermé. Ceci permet de travailler dans des conditions de pression particulièrement sévères. A la sor­tie, les moules ayant séjourné suffisamment longtemps dans le rayonnage sont pris en charge par un monte-charge 661 qui les transfère au poste 70.According to a preferred embodiment, the foaming zone 60 consists (FIG. 7) of a shelving unit 651 which is preceded by a conventional freight elevator 653 which directs the closed molds towards the various levels 655 of the shelving unit 651. The closed molds stay there for a period sufficient to allow foaming and stiffening of the foam. Advantageously, the various levels of the shelving are equipped with pressure means known per se such as inflatable air chambers 657 acting on either side of the closed mold. This makes it possible to work under particularly severe pressure conditions. At the exit, the molds having stayed long enough in the shelving are taken care of by a freight elevator 661 which transfers them to station 70.

On peut encore prévoir un poste 80 dans lequel les bords de papier gênants sont coupés de manière adé­quate.It is also possible to provide a station 80 in which the annoying paper edges are cut adequately.

Les figures 5 et 6 se rapportent plus particuliè­rement au moule et au mécanisme de verrouillage.Figures 5 and 6 relate more particularly to the mold and the locking mechanism.

Le moule 501 comporte un cadre constitué par un profilé en aluminium 503, par exemple, et équipé d'un fond 505. Ce dernier est avantageusement muni d'éléments en saillie 507 destinés à écarter les plaquettes à la manière d'une maçonnerie. Ces éléments en saillie peuvent être in­terchangeables et s'étendent sur une partie de l'épaisseur desdites plaquettes 3. De cette manière, la pose des pla­quettes est facilitée et on maintient un joint adéquat en­tre les plaquettes.The mold 501 comprises a frame constituted by an aluminum profile 503, for example, and equipped with a bottom 505. The latter is advantageously provided with projecting elements 507 intended to separate the plates in the manner of a masonry. These projecting elements can be interchangeable and extend over part of the thickness of said plates 3. In this way, the installation of the plates is facilitated and an adequate seal is maintained between the plates.

Le fond 505 repose sur un profilé en C couché 508 soudé au cadre 503, la face extérieure pouvant être revêtue d'une feuille de PVC 511.The bottom 505 rests on a coated C-profile 508 welded to the frame 503, the outer face being able to be coated with a sheet of PVC 511.

La face interne du cadre 503 est avantageusement plane et essentiellement perpendiculaire au fond 505. Dans le cas de l'exemple, on a prévu un coin en aluminium 513 solidarisé au fond 505 par une vis 515 qui forme un angle de dépouille adéquat au-delà des éléments en saillie laté­raux 507′.The internal face of the frame 503 is advantageously flat and essentially perpendicular to the bottom 505. In the case of the example, an aluminum wedge 513 has been provided which is secured to the bottom 505 by a screw 515 which forms an adequate clearance angle beyond the lateral projecting elements 507 ′.

Lors du chargement du moule, le joint 11 adhé­rant à une feuille 13 est déposé le long des bords du moule, une partie de feuille 13 dépassant ledit joint et repliée à une extrémité de celui-ci le maintient en posi­tion en le suspendant ainsi sur le bord supérieur du moule. Une autre partie de feuille 13 dépassant ledit joint à l'extrémité opposée empêche le contact entre la matière tout en évitant des nettoyages trop fréquents du moule.When loading the mold, the seal 11 adhering to a sheet 13 is deposited along the edges of the mold, a part of sheet 13 protruding from said seal and folded over at one end of the latter keeps it in position by thus hanging it on the upper edge of the mold. Another part of the sheet 13 protruding from said joint at the opposite end prevents contact between the material while avoiding too frequent cleaning of the mold.

Le couvercle 551 est également constitué d'un cadre en profilé d'aluminium 553 par exemple équipé d'un fond 559 analogue au fond 509 et soudé au cadre.The cover 551 also consists of a frame made of aluminum profile 553, for example equipped with a bottom 559 similar to the bottom 509 and welded to the frame.

La partie inférieure du cadre 551 venant en con­tact avec la partie supérieure du moule comporte une lèvre 561 en caoutchouc par exemple qui permet, lors de la ferme­ture du moule, de tendre la feuille 405 qui constituera le dos 9 de la plaque de parement.The lower part of the frame 551 coming into contact with the upper part of the mold comprises a lip 561 made of rubber for example which allows, when the mold is closed, to stretch the sheet 405 which will constitute the back 9 of the facing plate.

Le profilé servant de cadre au moule proprement dit et/ou au couvercle comporte, d'un côté, c'est-à-dire le côté interne du cadre, une face plane 521 éventuelle­ment munie d'un épaulement 523 pour le placement du pro­filé en C couché 509 ou 559. Le côté opposé à la face 521 comporte une partie en saillie 529 munie de creux d'allège­ment 531 et 533 et, à la partie inférieure, d'un bossage 535 de guidage et de maintien.The profile serving as a frame for the mold proper and / or for the cover comprises, on one side, that is to say the internal side of the frame, a flat face 521 possibly provided with a shoulder 523 for placing the profile in C lying 509 or 559. The side opposite to the face 521 has a projecting part 529 provided with lightening recesses 531 and 533 and, at the bottom, with a boss 535 for guiding and holding.

Comme déjà mentionné, la face de contact 527 est équipée d'une rainure 528 dans laquelle peut être logée une lèvre 561.As already mentioned, the contact face 527 is equipped with a groove 528 in which a lip 561 can be housed.

Le verrouillage du couvercle 551 sur le moule 501 est décrit en détail ci-après.The locking of the cover 551 on the mold 501 is described in detail below.

Deux faces opposées du couvercle sont équipées de verrous 601 qui affectent globalement la forme d'un cro­chet pivotant sur un axe de pivotement 603 solidaire du profilé de cadre du couvercle. Ledit axe de pivotement est logé dans ledit profilé, à l'endroit de la partie en sail­lie 529 et est fixé en rotation par une goupille 605.Two opposite faces of the cover are fitted with locks 601 which generally affect the shape of a pivoting hook on a pivot axis 603 secured to the cover frame profile. Said pivot axis is housed in said profile, at the location of the projecting part 529 and is fixed in rotation by a pin 605.

De préférence, le profilé de cadre est locale­ment évidé sur les parties inférieure et supérieure de la partie en saillie 529. Les ouvertures 607 et 609 sont pra­tiquées en correspondance avec les creux 531 de sorte que le verrou 601 puisse traverser la partie en saille 529 dans un plan essentiellement parallèle à la face plane 521 dudit profilé.Preferably, the frame profile is locally hollowed out on the lower and upper parts of the projecting part 529. The openings 607 and 609 are made in correspondence with the recesses 531 so that the latch 601 can pass through the projecting part 529 in a plane essentially parallel to the planar face 521 of said profile.

Les deux faces opposées correspondantes du moule sont équipées de galets 611 agencés en correspondance avec les verrous 601. Lesdits galets sont montés sur un axe 613 de manière analogue au pivot 603.The two corresponding opposite faces of the mold are equipped with rollers 611 arranged in correspondence with the latches 601. Said rollers are mounted on an axis 613 in a manner similar to the pivot 603.

La partie en saillie 529 du profilé de cadre du moule comporte également des évidements 615 et 617 qui sont agencés de manière à permettre les mouvements de pivo­tement du verrou.The projecting part 529 of the frame profile of the mold also includes recesses 615 and 617 which are arranged so as to allow the pivoting movements of the lock.

Le verrou 601 est avantageusement maintenu en position de fermeture par un ressort 619 l'appliquant éven­tuellement contre une butée d'arrêt en caoutchouc 621.The lock 601 is advantageously held in the closed position by a spring 619 possibly applying it against a rubber stopper 621.

Le verrou en forme de crochet 601 comporte un trajet 623 constitué par une queue solidaire du bout du crochet, sur lequel coulisse le galet 611′ lors de l'appro­che du moule en direction du couvercle en vue de la ferme­ture. Ledit galet écarte ainsi le crochet de sa position de verrouillage jusqu'à ce que, sous la force du ressort 619, le crochet ressaute dans sa position de fermeture en accrochant ledit galet 611 et en serrant ainsi le couver­cle sur le moule, dès que ledit galet 611′ a atteint la position adéquate, c'est-à-dire celle représentée en 611.The hook-shaped lock 601 has a path 623 constituted by a tail secured to the end of the hook, on which the roller 611 ′ slides when the mold approaches in the direction of the cover for closing. Said roller thus moves the hook from its locking position until, under the force of the spring 619, the hook jumps back into its closed position by hooking said roller 611 and thus tightening the cover on the mold, as soon as said roller 611 ′ has reached the appropriate position, that is to say that shown in 611.

La force du ressort est bien entendu calculée de manière telle qu'elle empêche l'écartement dudit crochet par la pression régnant à l'intérieur du moule, en tenant compte de l'inclinaison de la surface d'appui 625 et du point de butée 627.The force of the spring is of course calculated in such a way that it prevents the separation of said hook by the pressure prevailing inside the mold, taking into account the inclination of the bearing surface 625 and the stop point. 627.

En vue de déverrouiller l'ensemble couvercle/ moule, il suffit d'amener un galet 611′ sur le trajet 623 pour écarter le verrou de sa position de fermeture, contre l'effet du ressort 619 et ainsi libérer le galet 611 soli­daire du moule.In order to unlock the cover / mold assembly, it suffices to bring a roller 611 ′ on the path 623 to move the lock from its closed position, against the effect of the spring 619 and thus release the roller 611 secured to the mold.

Les moules sont déplacés et transférés par des moyens et organes connus en soi tels que des bandes trans­porteuses, des dispositifs de transfert à rouleaux ou des dispositifs à rails et tenon d'entraînement.The molds are moved and transferred by means and members known per se such as conveyor belts, transfer devices with rollers or devices with rails and a driving pin.

Avantageusement, les couvercles comportent, sur des faces opposées adjacentes aux faces portant les ver­rous, des galets facilitant la prise en charge et le trans­fert desdits couvercles dans le dispositif de recyclage par exemple.Advantageously, the covers comprise, on opposite faces adjacent to the faces carrying the latches, rollers facilitating the handling and transfer of said covers in the recycling device for example.

Claims (17)

1. Plaque de parement comportant des plaquettes (3) de brique, de moellon, de pierres de taille ou de sub­stituts de ceux-ci disposées dans un support moussé avec des espaces (5) correspondant à des joints ordinaires qui sont constitués de sable lié par la matière du support moussé, munie sur son dos d'une feuille de papier (9) ou analogue et sur les faces latérales d'un joint (11) qui s'étend sur au moins une partie de l'épaisseur de ladite plaque (1), caractérisée en ce que ledit joint latéral (11) consiste en une bande de PVC moussé, de préférence à cellules fermées, adhérant audit support moussé.1. Facing plate comprising plates (3) of brick, rubble stone, cut stones or substitutes thereof arranged in a foamed support with spaces (5) corresponding to ordinary joints which consist of bound sand by the material of the foamed support, provided on its back with a sheet of paper (9) or the like and on the lateral faces of a seal (11) which extends over at least part of the thickness of said plate (1), characterized in that said lateral seal (11) consists of a strip of foamed PVC, preferably with closed cells, adhering to said foamed support. 2. Plaque selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que ledit joint latéral (11) est revêtu, sur sa face extérieure, d'une feuille de papier (13) adhérant éventuel­lement faiblement audit joint latéral (11).2. Plate according to claim 1 characterized in that said lateral seal (11) is coated, on its outer face, with a sheet of paper (13) possibly adhering weakly to said lateral seal (11). 3. Procédé de fabrication de la plaque de pare­ment conforme à la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel on dispose sur le fond d'un moule, avec la face extérieure tournée vers le bas, des plaquettes (3) de faible épais­seur formées au départ d'une brique, d'un moellon ou d'une pierre de taille ou de substituts de ceux-ci, avec un es­pace (5) correspondant à un joint ordinaire, caractérisé en ce qu'on dispose, sur les parois latérales du moule, un joint latéral (11) éventuellement couvert d'une feuille de papier (13) qui le retient dans le moule, en ce qu'on rem­plit ensuite partiellement lesdits joints (5) entre pla­quettes de sable sec, en ce qu'on dispose la matière syn­thétique moussable uniformément dans le moule, en ce qu'on dispose une feuille de papier ou analogue entre le moule et le couvercle de celui-ci et en ce qu'on ferme le moule pour laisser mousser la matière synthétique moussable avant de démouler la plaque de parement (1).3. A method of manufacturing the facing plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein there is on the bottom of a mold, with the outer face facing down, small plates (3) formed at the start. of a brick, a rubble stone or a cut stone or substitutes thereof, with a space (5) corresponding to an ordinary joint, characterized in that one has, on the side walls of the mold , a side seal (11) possibly covered with a sheet of paper (13) which retains it in the mold, in that said seals (5) are then partially filled between dry sand plates, in that there is the foamable plastic evenly in the mold, in that there is a sheet of paper or the like between the mold and the cover thereof and in that the mold is closed to allow the foamable plastic to foam before being demolded the facing plate (1). 4. Procédé selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise des plaquettes (3) et du sable sec.4. Method according to claim 3 characterized in that platelets (3) and dry sand are used. 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 3 ou 4 caractérisé en ce qu'on préchauffe le moule, les plaquet­tes ainsi que le papier de dos (9).5. Method according to one of claims 3 or 4 characterized in that the mold, the plates and the backing paper (9) are preheated. 6. Installation pour la fabrication d'une plaque de parement comportant au moins:
- un poste de chargement du fond du moule avec les plaquet­tes et le sable (20, 25);
- un poste de dépôt de la matière synthétique moussable comportant un organe de répartition de la matière moussa­ble (403);
- un dispositif de transfert transversal de papier et de coupe du papier;
- un organe de transfert et de positionnement du moule sous le papier (405) tendu transversalement par rapport à la direction de défilement des moules;
- un organe de transfert et de positionnement de couver­cles de moule au-dessus dudit papier;
- un moyen de poussée verticale agissant sur le moule (409) et son couvercle de manière à fermer le moule par un couver­cle correspondant et à solidariser ledit couvercle dudit moule de manière démontable;
- un dispositif d'évacuation des moules fermés dans une zone de moussage (601);
- un moyen de déverrouillage (70) désolidarisant le couvercle; du moule après stabilisation de la mousse;
- un dispositif d'évacuation et de recyclage du couvercle;
- un poste d'extraction et d'évacuation de la plaque de parement obtenue hors du moule; et
- un dispositif d'évacuation et de recyclage des moules.6. Installation for the manufacture of a facing plate comprising at least:
- a loading station for the bottom of the mold with the plates and the sand (20, 25);
- a station for depositing the foamable synthetic material comprising a member for distributing the foamable material (403);
- a transverse paper transfer and paper cutting device;
- A transfer and positioning member of the mold under the paper (405) stretched transversely relative to the direction of travel of the molds;
- A transfer member and positioning of mold covers above said paper;
- A vertical pushing means acting on the mold (409) and its cover so as to close the mold by a corresponding cover and to secure said cover to said mold in a removable manner;
- a device for evacuating closed molds in a foaming zone (601);
- an unlocking means (70) separating the cover; of the mold after stabilization of the foam;
- a device for evacuating and recycling the cover;
- an extraction and evacuation station for the facing plate obtained from the mold; and
- a device for evacuating and recycling molds. 7. Installation selon la revendication 6 caracté­risée en ce que le couvercle (551) du moule (501) comporte plusieurs verrous (601) montés de manière pivotante sur un axe (603) solidaire du cadre dudit couvercle et présentant la forme d'un crochet qui peut interagir avec un galet cor­respondant (611) monté sur un axe (601) solidaire du moule.7. Installation according to claim 6 characterized in that the cover (551) of the mold (501) comprises several latches (601) pivotally mounted on an axis (603) integral with the frame of said cover and having the shape of a hook which can interact with a corresponding roller (611) mounted on an axis (601) integral with the mold. 8. Installation selon la revendication 6 ou 7 caractérisée en ce que le verrou (601) comporte une sur­face d'appui (613) et un point de butée du galet (627).8. Installation according to claim 6 or 7 characterized in that the latch (601) has a bearing surface (613) and a stop point of the roller (627). 9. Installation selon la revendication 7 ou 8 caractérisée en ce que ledit verrou (601) est maintenu en position de verrouillage par un ressort (619).9. Installation according to claim 7 or 8 characterized in that said latch (601) is maintained in locking position by a spring (619). 10. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 9 caractérisée en ce que le moyen de pous­sée verticale consiste en un plateau (409) déplacé par un vérin et agissant sur le moule en le poussant contre le couvercle.10. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 9 characterized in that the vertical pushing means consists of a plate (409) moved by a jack and acting on the mold by pushing it against the cover. 11. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 10 caractérisée en ce que la zone de mous­sage (60) consiste en un rayonnage (651) précédé d'un monte-charge (653) qui distribue les moules fermés sur les divers niveaux (655) du rayonnage et suivi d'un monte-­charge qui récupère les moules fermés à la sortie des ni­veaux correspondants, plusieurs moules fermés étant juxta­posables sur un même niveau, les divers niveaux du rayon­nage étant éventuellement équipés de moyens de pression, par exemple des chambres à air gonflables (657) agissant de part et d'autre des moules fermés.11. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 10 characterized in that the foaming zone (60) consists of a rack (651) preceded by a hoist (653) which distributes the closed molds on the various levels (655) shelving and followed by a freight elevator which collects the closed molds at the exit of the corresponding levels, several closed molds being juxtaposed on the same level, the various levels of the shelving possibly being equipped with pressure means, for example inflatable air chambers (657) acting on either side of the closed molds. 12. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 11 caractérisée en ce que le moyen de déverrouillage consiste en un agencement de plusieurs ga­lets correspondant aux verrous et actionné, en vue de l'ouverture, dans un mouvement analogue à celui des galets du moule dans le cas de la fermeture.12. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 11 characterized in that the unlocking means consists of an arrangement of several rollers corresponding to the latches and actuated, for the purpose of opening, in a movement similar to that of the rollers of the mold in the case of closure. 13. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 12 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une zone de chauffage (30) disposée en amont du poste de dépôt de la matière synthétique moussable (40).13. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 12 characterized in that it comprises a heating zone (30) disposed upstream of the station for depositing the foamable synthetic material (40). 14. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 13 caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de transfert vertical de papier (405) est équipé d'une zone de chauffage (406) qui est disposée en amont et qui consiste en une gaine parcourue par le papier, dans la­quelle on insuffle de l'air chaud.14. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 13 characterized in that the vertical paper transfer device (405) is equipped with a heating zone (406) which is arranged upstream and which consists of a sheath traversed through the paper, into which we blow hot air. 15. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 14 caractérisée en ce que le poste de chargement du fond du moule (20, 25) comporte une station de remplissage des écarts entre plaquettes par du sable (25) qui comporte au moins une réserve de sable (315) déchargée de manière réglable, éventuellement via une bande transporteuse (311) montée sur un chariot (309) dé­plaçable dans la direction de défilement des moules (19) sur un pochoir (303) de répartition du sable dans les écarts entre plaquettes, ledit pochoir consistant éventuel­lement en un cadre (307) dans lequel sont fixés des élé­ments prismatiques ayant une base approximativement égale à la surface d'une plaquette (3) et agencés à distance l'un de l'autre en correspondance avec les plaquettes dis­posées dans le fond du moule, un appareil vibrant (317) étant éventuellement prévu en aval du poste de chargement du fond du moule (20, 25).15. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 14 characterized in that the bottom mold loading station (20, 25) comprises a filling station for gaps between wafers with sand (25) which comprises at least one sand reserve (315) adjustable discharge, optionally via a conveyor belt (311) mounted on a carriage (309) movable in the direction of travel of the molds (19) on a stencil (303) for distributing the sand in the gaps between plates, said stencil consisting optionally in a frame (307) in which are fixed prismatic elements having a base approximately equal to the surface of a plate (3) and arranged at a distance from one another in correspondence with the plates arranged in the bottom of the mold, a vibrating device (317) being possibly provided downstream of the bottom of the mold loading station (20, 25). 16. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 15 caractérisée en ce que le poste de dé­pôt de la matière synthétique moussable comporte un organe de répartition de la matière moussable qui consiste en un bras (401) équipé d'un éjecteur adéquat (403), qui se dé­place afin de couvrir par son mouvement essentiellement toute la surface du fond du moule (19).16. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 15 characterized in that the station for depositing the foamable synthetic material comprises a member for distributing the foamable material which consists of an arm (401) equipped with a suitable ejector ( 403), which moves in order to cover by its movement essentially the entire surface of the bottom of the mold (19). 17. Installation selon l'une quelconque des re­vendications 6 à 16 caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte, en aval de l'extraction des plaques de parement, un poste (80) pour la coupe des bords de papier.17. Installation according to any one of claims 6 to 16 characterized in that it comprises, downstream of the extraction of the facing plates, a station (80) for cutting the edges of the paper.
EP89870084A 1988-06-03 1989-06-02 Facing plate, method of manufacturing it and installation for manufacturing the same Withdrawn EP0345244A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE8800633 1988-06-03
BE8800633A BE1001754A3 (en) 1988-06-03 1988-06-03 FACING PLATE, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME, AND PLANT FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH PLATES.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0345244A1 true EP0345244A1 (en) 1989-12-06

Family

ID=3883444

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89870084A Withdrawn EP0345244A1 (en) 1988-06-03 1989-06-02 Facing plate, method of manufacturing it and installation for manufacturing the same

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0345244A1 (en)
BE (1) BE1001754A3 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0509977A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Gepat S.A. Process to lay insulating facing plates and plates for this use
WO1992021512A1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-10 Pischel Dieter A Process and arrangement for manufacturing a prefabricated insulating wall element
EP1997977A2 (en) 2007-06-01 2008-12-03 Veta France Prefabricated panel for covering the wall of a building

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1163913A (en) * 1956-10-26 1958-10-02 Improvements in methods and apparatus for bonding tiling, mosaic and similar elements, with a view to their laying
US3150022A (en) * 1961-01-04 1964-09-22 Vida Alex Continuous process and apparatus for the manufacture of mosaic sheets
GB1116841A (en) * 1964-03-17 1968-06-12 Reed Ceramic Panels Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus for and a method of mounting tiles on a base
FR1572973A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-07-04
GB1219587A (en) * 1967-02-22 1971-01-20 Butterley Brick Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to free standing building panels
US3660214A (en) * 1969-04-21 1972-05-02 Merry Co Inc Concrete block or the like with multiple brick facing and method of making the same
FR2195513A1 (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-03-08 Ronzat & Fil P Cladding tiles set in a thermoplastic matrix - made by injection moulding the matrix to fill narrow clearances without involving solvents
FR2230826A1 (en) * 1973-03-30 1974-12-20 Mfc Eram Sa
FR2355968A1 (en) * 1976-06-23 1978-01-20 Joly Pottuz Lucien Moulded structural sandwich panel - having facing, aggregate, reinforcement etc. bonded by injection of expansible synthetic material
FR2378629A1 (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-08-25 Gahmberg Tom Making composite elements with foam insulating layer - using form element with cut=out for slabs and shape preventing foam penetration
US4299069A (en) * 1977-11-28 1981-11-10 Alfred Neumann Prefabricated wall facing panels
LU83105A1 (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-09-10 Ernst Genten PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN INSULATING SIDING PLATE AND A SIDING SHEET THUS OBTAINED

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1163913A (en) * 1956-10-26 1958-10-02 Improvements in methods and apparatus for bonding tiling, mosaic and similar elements, with a view to their laying
US3150022A (en) * 1961-01-04 1964-09-22 Vida Alex Continuous process and apparatus for the manufacture of mosaic sheets
GB1116841A (en) * 1964-03-17 1968-06-12 Reed Ceramic Panels Ltd Improvements in or relating to apparatus for and a method of mounting tiles on a base
FR1572973A (en) * 1966-09-02 1969-07-04
GB1219587A (en) * 1967-02-22 1971-01-20 Butterley Brick Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to free standing building panels
US3660214A (en) * 1969-04-21 1972-05-02 Merry Co Inc Concrete block or the like with multiple brick facing and method of making the same
FR2195513A1 (en) * 1972-08-10 1974-03-08 Ronzat & Fil P Cladding tiles set in a thermoplastic matrix - made by injection moulding the matrix to fill narrow clearances without involving solvents
FR2230826A1 (en) * 1973-03-30 1974-12-20 Mfc Eram Sa
FR2355968A1 (en) * 1976-06-23 1978-01-20 Joly Pottuz Lucien Moulded structural sandwich panel - having facing, aggregate, reinforcement etc. bonded by injection of expansible synthetic material
FR2378629A1 (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-08-25 Gahmberg Tom Making composite elements with foam insulating layer - using form element with cut=out for slabs and shape preventing foam penetration
US4299069A (en) * 1977-11-28 1981-11-10 Alfred Neumann Prefabricated wall facing panels
LU83105A1 (en) * 1981-01-30 1982-09-10 Ernst Genten PROCESS FOR PRODUCING AN INSULATING SIDING PLATE AND A SIDING SHEET THUS OBTAINED

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0509977A1 (en) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Gepat S.A. Process to lay insulating facing plates and plates for this use
BE1004730A3 (en) * 1991-04-19 1993-01-19 Ge & Co Sprl Plates installation process and insulation siding plates that purpose.
WO1992021512A1 (en) * 1991-05-31 1992-12-10 Pischel Dieter A Process and arrangement for manufacturing a prefabricated insulating wall element
US5590499A (en) * 1991-05-31 1997-01-07 Pischel; Dieter A. Process and arrangement for manufacturing a prefabricated, insulating wall element
EP1997977A2 (en) 2007-06-01 2008-12-03 Veta France Prefabricated panel for covering the wall of a building
FR2916780A1 (en) * 2007-06-01 2008-12-05 Veta France Soc Par Actions Si PREFABRICATED PANEL FOR BUILDING WALL CLADDING.
EP1997977A3 (en) * 2007-06-01 2011-04-06 Veta France Prefabricated panel for covering the wall of a building

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE1001754A3 (en) 1990-02-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0056762B1 (en) Manufacture of multiple glazing with gas filling
EP0024237A2 (en) Moulding press for concrete products comprising a concrete feed system
WO2000015397A1 (en) Automatic cutting of pieces in a sheet material
EP0345244A1 (en) Facing plate, method of manufacturing it and installation for manufacturing the same
FR2527505A1 (en) Splitting of slate on cleavage planes - entails raising pressure on side of block relative to that on normal faces and applying knife to this side
EP0427651B1 (en) Process and apparatus for the manufacture of synthetic facing panels, and panel thus produced
EP1997977B1 (en) Prefabricated panel for covering the wall of a building
EP1066142B1 (en) Facility for producing latex objects such as pillows
FR2659593A1 (en) Device for automatically producing products made from cast concrete requiring mould release by overturning
EP0299869B1 (en) Bending of glass sheets
CH430168A (en) Vacuum molding process and machine for implementing this process
FR2729602A1 (en) Pressure moulding installation for concrete products
FR2601053A1 (en) Sealing clay deposition on canals etc. floor
FR2613273A1 (en) Method and plant for manufacturing isothermal sandwich panels
EP1057601B1 (en) Process and device for making a roller shutter box
FR2483183A2 (en) Machine to de:mould hams by mould inversion and air blast - simultaneously opens second mould as first is being demoulded
EP0006820B1 (en) Method of moulding bodies from wood particles, apparatus therefor and the moulded bodies
JP3778974B2 (en) Tile fabric unloading device in tile forming machine
FR2775925A1 (en) Splitting plant for chist or slate blocks
FR2531657A1 (en) Installation for the continuous costing of hollow concrete products.
FR3143418A1 (en) Device and process for additive manufacturing with powder removal from a powder spreading cart.
FR2485983A2 (en) Mfr. of concrete building blocks - employs machine with endless belt conveyor and scrapers to clean ram and mould of excess concrete which is reused
EP0377546A1 (en) Combination of devices for automatically producing casting moulds for flat casting using binder-free sand
FR2529133A1 (en) METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, INSTALLATIONS FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD, AND CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS THUS OBTAINED
FR2750915A1 (en) Method of making reinforced concrete panels

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB GR IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19900503

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19910211

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19920616