EP0343521B1 - Masque de protection respiratoire - Google Patents

Masque de protection respiratoire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0343521B1
EP0343521B1 EP89108999A EP89108999A EP0343521B1 EP 0343521 B1 EP0343521 B1 EP 0343521B1 EP 89108999 A EP89108999 A EP 89108999A EP 89108999 A EP89108999 A EP 89108999A EP 0343521 B1 EP0343521 B1 EP 0343521B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
gas sensor
filter
sensor
breathing mask
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89108999A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0343521A3 (en
EP0343521A2 (fr
Inventor
Hans Jörg Hübner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gesellschaft fur Geratebau mbH
Original Assignee
Gesellschaft fur Geratebau mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gesellschaft fur Geratebau mbH filed Critical Gesellschaft fur Geratebau mbH
Priority to AT89108999T priority Critical patent/ATE99970T1/de
Publication of EP0343521A2 publication Critical patent/EP0343521A2/fr
Publication of EP0343521A3 publication Critical patent/EP0343521A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0343521B1 publication Critical patent/EP0343521B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088—Devices for indicating filter saturation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a respirator with a filter in the air intake, in particular a respirator with an electrically operated ventilation device that sucks in ambient air and presses it into the respirator, the filter being arranged in front of the ventilation device.
  • the use of respiratory masks is particularly great in the event of a crisis.
  • the breathing mask is used to clean the air we breathe from biological or chemical weapons.
  • Filters are used for cleaning, primarily activated carbon filters.
  • the invention has for its object to carry out a filter change only after reaching a certain filter load without compromising the safety of the user. It is known to measure the loading of gas protection filters with the aid of a gas sensor which is arranged behind the filter, the gas sensor changing its electrical resistance or its voltage or its capacitance in contact with the gas.
  • the gas sensor is set so that any gas content in the flow behind the filter that is harmful to the user is immediately displayed.
  • the gas sensor preferably already operates when the harmful gas content approaches the admissibility limit. Compare for example FR-A-843.542, DE-A-3.613.512 or GB-A-480.507.
  • the invention has different, advantageous designs of gas sensors for content.
  • the ventilation device is connected via a flexible hose line to the respirator mask enveloping the user's head.
  • the hose line connection is designated by 2.
  • the respirator mask has an intake port 3.
  • the two ports 2 and 3 are closed with screw closures.
  • the closures are unscrewed.
  • the closure of the connecting piece 3 is unscrewed.
  • a filter is installed there.
  • the filter, not shown, is e.g. B. an activated carbon filter.
  • the ventilation device 1 draws in ambient air through the filter.
  • the ambient air is cleaned in the filter.
  • the suction takes place by means of a lamellar wheel 4, which is rotatably mounted in the housing of the ventilation device 1 and is driven by a motor 5.
  • the motor 5 is an electric motor which is supplied with a low-voltage current by a battery which is arranged in part 6 of the ventilation device 1.
  • a gas sensor 7 is located in the ventilation device 1.
  • the gas sensor 7 is connected via a feed line 8 to the cavity in which the lamellar wheel 4 runs.
  • Electronics 9 are linked to the gas sensor.
  • Figure 2 shows the interaction of electronics and sensor in a schematic representation.
  • the sensor sends a signal to a signal amplifier 9.
  • the amplified signal arrives in an analog / digital converter, the output of which is shown on a display if required appears.
  • the display is labeled 11.
  • a limit value monitor 12 is provided in parallel.
  • the limit value monitor 12 is also connected to the signal amplifier 9 and gives contact for an optical or acoustic alarm 13 as soon as a permissible value is exceeded.
  • the limit value monitor 12 can also be used to monitor the battery voltage, which is essential for sensor operation.
  • the gas sensor 7 is designed for the expected gas or the expected gases. Systems that are particularly sensitive to the specified gases are advantageous.
  • Figure 3 shows a sensor for explosive gases.
  • Flammable gases are very common. These include e.g. B. acetone, acetylene, ethane, ethyl alcohol, ethylene, ammonia, benzene, n-butane, chlorobenzene hydrogen cyanide, dimethyl ether, 1,4-dioxane, acetic acid, glycerol, carbon monoxide, methane, methyl chloride, naphthalene, nitrobenzene, phenol, propane, propylene , Carbon disulfide, hydrogen sulfide, toluene, vinyl chloride, hydrogen.
  • the concentration must have reached a certain minimum value before a gas / air mixture ignites.
  • the sensor of Figure 3 measures the concentration of the gas-air mixture. He works on the principle of "catalytic combustion” or "warming". The gas-air mixture reaches an active catalyst, a heated measuring element, by diffusion or with the aid of a sample gas pump. The higher the concentration of the combustible constituents, the more it heats up Sensor that, together with a passive element, forms the branch of a Wheatstone bridge. The bridge detuning is proportional to the gas concentration.
  • a measuring amplifier takes over the signals, processes them and forwards them as shown in FIG. 2 to the display instrument or to the alarm part.
  • the measuring chamber is denoted by 15, the active catalyst by 16, the passive by 17.
  • the gas penetrates a sintered metal surface of the measuring chamber, passes through a flame protection wall or flame check valve 18 and reaches the active catalyst, which reacts in the manner described above.
  • the gas sensor shown in Figure 3 requires sufficient oxygen for catalytic combustion. With increasing gas concentration, however, the oxygen content decreases. The heating of the sensor decreases, the proportionality to the gas concentration is in question. As a result, the gas sensor according to FIG. 3 is preferably used to determine the lower explosion limit, that is the minimum oxygen content for an explosion. There is also an upper explosion limit, which indicates the maximum oxygen content at which there is still a risk of explosion. If the gas concentration is to be measured beyond the lower explosion limit, a gas sensor according to FIG. 4 is suitable. The gas sensor according to FIG. 4 works on the principle of "heat conduction" and is based on the fact that the thermal conductivity of the gases changes with the concentration. The sensor according to FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is also based on a bridge circuit in which a heated platinum wire 20 serves as a measuring and comparison sensor.
  • the measuring chamber is 21, the comparison chamber 22.
  • the platinum wire 20 is designed as a helix and is guided through the measuring chamber and the comparison chamber.
  • the gas passes through a correspondingly permeable, z. B. made of sintered metal, through a flame arrester and reaches the platinum wire 20, where it causes different heating of the current-loaded platinum wire 20.
  • a sensor for the oxygen content is shown in Figure 5.
  • a cathode 26 made of a large-area, electron-conducting material.
  • a reaction with the oxygen of the measuring gas takes place on its active surface.
  • the oxygen breaks down into hydroxyl ions.
  • electrical energy is created.
  • the current that flows between cathode 26 and anode 27 is proportional to the oxygen concentration. The reaction of such a cell is extremely fast.
  • Toxic gases can be particularly dangerous. Frequently occurring gases are e.g. B. acetaldehyde, formic acid, ammonia, arsenic, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, methylene chloride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, formaldehyde, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, osmium tetroxide, propane, sulfur dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrogen sulfide, tetrachloroethane, toluene, chloroform, hydrogen peroxide.
  • gases are e.g. B. acetaldehyde, formic acid, ammonia, arsenic, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen cyanide, methylene chloride, fluorine, hydrogen fluoride, formaldehyde, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, osmium tetroxide, propane, sulfur dioxide, sulfur hexafluoride, hydrogen sulfide, tetrachloroethane, to
  • Toxic gases can be measured with semiconductor sensors.
  • the chemoadsorption on metal oxide semiconductors plays a role on their surface and causes changes in the conductivity, depending on the gas concentration.
  • Figure 6 shows such a gas sensor.
  • the metal oxide semiconductor is designated 30 and held between two electrodes 31 and 32.
  • the reaction is intensified with the aid of a heating device which is formed from a ceramic body and a heating coil 34 enclosed in the ceramic body 33.
  • Figure 7 shows a gas sensor for the display of carbon monoxide.
  • the structure of the gas sensor according to FIG. 7 essentially corresponds to that of the gas sensor according to FIG. 5. However, instead of the one anode, there are two electrodes, a reference electrode 35 and a counter electrode 36.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Fluid Adsorption Or Reactions (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. Masque de protetion respiratoire comportant un filtre dans le système d'aspiration de l'air, en particulier masque de protection respiratoire comportant un appareil de ventilation à commande électrique, qui aspire l'air ambiant et le refoule dans le masque de protection respiratoire, le filtre étant installé devant l'appareil de ventilation et coopérant avec un détecteur de gaz qui mesure le degré de charge en gaz, caractérisé en ce que le détecteur de gaz est disposé en forme de branche, chauffée électriquement, d'un pont de Wheatstone dont le déréglage, qui correspond à la chaleur de réaction du détecteur de gaz, est proportionnel à la concentration du gaz, le détecteur de gaz
    a. étant formé d'une chambre de mesure (21), accessible au gaz, et d'une chambre de comparaison (22), un conducteur (20) traversant les deux chambres, ou
    b. comportant un semi-conducteur (30), accessible au gaz, et qui est inséré dans un circuit, ou
    c. possèdant un élément de mesure (16) connu en soi, qui est chauffé et qui est relié à un élément passif (17) selon un montage en pont.
EP89108999A 1988-05-27 1989-05-19 Masque de protection respiratoire Expired - Lifetime EP0343521B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89108999T ATE99970T1 (de) 1988-05-27 1989-05-19 Atemschutzmaske.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3818052 1988-05-27
DE3818052A DE3818052A1 (de) 1988-05-27 1988-05-27 Atemschutzmaske

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0343521A2 EP0343521A2 (fr) 1989-11-29
EP0343521A3 EP0343521A3 (en) 1990-12-05
EP0343521B1 true EP0343521B1 (fr) 1994-01-12

Family

ID=6355260

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89108999A Expired - Lifetime EP0343521B1 (fr) 1988-05-27 1989-05-19 Masque de protection respiratoire

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5018518A (fr)
EP (1) EP0343521B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE99970T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3818052A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4132680C2 (de) * 1991-10-01 1994-02-10 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit Innenhalbmaske und Schadstoffindikator
DE4133235A1 (de) * 1991-10-07 1993-04-08 Draegerwerk Ag Geblaeseunterstuetztes atemschutzgeraet mit einem aufsetzbaren steuerteil
DE4202025C2 (de) * 1992-01-25 1995-02-02 Draegerwerk Ag Gebläseunterstütztes Atemschutzgerät mit einstellbarer Gebläseleistung
US5165395A (en) * 1992-02-14 1992-11-24 Ricci Mark R Ultra-violet germicidal mask system
DE4214239C2 (de) * 1992-04-30 1994-06-16 Draegerwerk Ag Atemschutzmaske mit einem indikator
AU645959B3 (en) * 1993-11-05 1994-01-27 Purecab (Australia) Pty Ltd Respiratory filter indicator
SE503155C2 (sv) * 1994-07-28 1996-04-01 Comasec International Sa Sätt och anordning för funktionskontroll vid andningsapparat
US5666949A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-09-16 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Exposure indicator with continuous alarm signal indicating multiple conditions
US5659296A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-08-19 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Exposure indicating apparatus
AUPN191095A0 (en) * 1995-03-23 1995-04-27 Safety Equipment Australia Pty Ltd Positive air-purifying respirator management system
DE19650897A1 (de) * 1996-12-07 1998-06-10 T E M Tech Entwicklung Und Man Apparat und Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit von Atemschutzmasken
US6186140B1 (en) * 1997-03-14 2001-02-13 3M Innovative Properties Company Respiratory filter element having a storage device for keeping track of filter usage and a system for use therewith
US6199550B1 (en) * 1998-08-14 2001-03-13 Bioasyst, L.L.C. Integrated physiologic sensor system
DE50014087D1 (de) 1999-03-17 2007-04-05 T E M Techn Entwicklungen Und Verfahren und sensorvorrichtung zur detektion von in luft enthaltenen gasen oder dämpfen
DE19911867C2 (de) * 1999-03-17 2002-02-21 T E M Techn Entwicklungen Und Sensorsystem zur Detektion von Gasen und Dämpfen in Luft
DE19911869B4 (de) * 1999-03-17 2004-03-25 T.E.M.! Techn. Entwicklungen Und Management Gmbh Neuartige Atemschutzmaske mit Sensor-Mikrosystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben derselben
GB9929745D0 (en) * 1999-12-17 2000-02-09 Secr Defence Determining the efficiency of respirators and protective clothing and other improvements
US6701925B1 (en) 2002-04-11 2004-03-09 Todd A. Resnick Protective hood respirator
US20060048777A1 (en) * 2003-03-21 2006-03-09 Interspiro, Inc. Apparatus and method for providing breathable air and bodily protection in a contaminated environment
US20040182394A1 (en) * 2003-03-21 2004-09-23 Alvey Jeffrey Arthur Powered air purifying respirator system and self contained breathing apparatus
US7647927B2 (en) 2003-08-22 2010-01-19 Wilcox Industries Corp. Self-contained breathing system
US8077884B2 (en) * 2004-02-19 2011-12-13 So Sound Solutions, Llc Actuation of floor systems using mechanical and electro-active polymer transducers
US7981064B2 (en) * 2005-02-18 2011-07-19 So Sound Solutions, Llc System and method for integrating transducers into body support structures
GB2542060B (en) 2010-08-06 2017-08-02 Scott Tech Inc Method and apparatus for integrating chemical and environmental sensors into an air purification filter through a reusable sensor post
DE102015208443A1 (de) 2015-05-06 2016-11-10 Robert Bosch Gmbh Filter für ein Atemluftanalysegerät, Atemluftanalysegerät und Verfahren zum Überwachen eines Filters

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB480507A (en) * 1936-07-11 1938-02-23 Pirelli Improvements relating to filters and purifiers employed for conditioning air, for example for respiration, or other gas by freeing it from poisonous gases and other injurious or undesired constitutents
FR843542A (fr) * 1937-09-29 1939-07-05 Pirelli Dispositif pour la signalisation de l'épuisement des filtres antigaz
US3586486A (en) * 1968-02-23 1971-06-22 Bosch Arma Corp Gas analyzer
US3911413A (en) * 1974-02-08 1975-10-07 Richard A Wallace Thermally activated warning system
US3902485A (en) * 1974-02-08 1975-09-02 Richard A Wallace Chemically activated warning system
US4146887A (en) * 1977-08-05 1979-03-27 American Optical Corporation Respirator cartridge end-of-service life indicator
US4331141A (en) * 1979-04-10 1982-05-25 Naum Pokhis Arrangement for protection of organs of respiration
DE3019387C2 (de) * 1980-05-21 1986-01-23 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Dünnschicht-Halbleiter-Gassensor mit einem in den Sensoraufbau integrierten Heizelement
JPS58191962A (ja) * 1982-05-07 1983-11-09 Hitachi Ltd ガス検出素子
JPS59120944A (ja) * 1982-12-28 1984-07-12 Shinkosumosu Denki Kk 飽和炭化水素ガス検知素子
US4579643A (en) * 1983-11-18 1986-04-01 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Electrochemical device
DE3613512C3 (de) * 1986-04-22 1994-09-29 Auergesellschaft Gmbh Elektrische Warneinrichtung zur Anzeige des Erschöpfungszustandes eines Schadgase zurückhaltenden Gasfilters
JPS63218852A (ja) * 1987-03-09 1988-09-12 Yokogawa Electric Corp 排ガス中のｏ↓２及び可燃ガス濃度測定装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5018518A (en) 1991-05-28
ATE99970T1 (de) 1994-01-15
EP0343521A3 (en) 1990-12-05
DE3818052A1 (de) 1989-12-07
EP0343521A2 (fr) 1989-11-29
DE58906666D1 (de) 1994-02-24

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