EP0341107B1 - Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und den äusseren Mikrowellenschaltungen - Google Patents

Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und den äusseren Mikrowellenschaltungen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0341107B1
EP0341107B1 EP89401031A EP89401031A EP0341107B1 EP 0341107 B1 EP0341107 B1 EP 0341107B1 EP 89401031 A EP89401031 A EP 89401031A EP 89401031 A EP89401031 A EP 89401031A EP 0341107 B1 EP0341107 B1 EP 0341107B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wave tube
delay line
travelling
line
coupling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89401031A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0341107A1 (de
Inventor
Jacques Tikes
Dominique Henry
Joel Le Fur
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Publication of EP0341107A1 publication Critical patent/EP0341107A1/de
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Publication of EP0341107B1 publication Critical patent/EP0341107B1/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/48—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type
    • H01J23/50—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type the interaction circuit being a helix or derived from a helix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traveling wave tube comprising a delay line contained in a sheath. It relates more particularly to a device for coupling between the delay line of the tube and external circuits either for injection or for extracting microwave energy from the tube.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for progressive wave power tubes, with a wide band, the delay line of which is in a helix. It also applies to tubes whose delay line is derived from the propeller such as the delay lines known under the names “ring and bar” or “ring and loop” in English.
  • the injection of microwave energy, at the input of the delay line is generally done via a coaxial connector, the level of energy injected being low.
  • the extraction of the amplified energy at the output of the delay line can be done either by means of a molded waveguide or by means of a coaxial element. It depends on the energy level present at the output of the delay line.
  • the external circuits for injecting and extracting microwave energy are specially designed to seal the vacuum inside the traveling wave tube.
  • a coupling device between the delay line of a traveling wave tube and the external microwave circuits is known, for example, from French Patent No. 2,485,801-B filed on June 27, 1980.
  • the delay line is a propeller. At least one of its ends is connected to an external circuit.
  • This external circuit includes a transmission line having an internal conductive core. The connection is made via a coupling finger.
  • the coupling finger is integral with one side of the internal conductive core of the transmission line. On the other side, the coupling finger is soldered to the end of the propeller.
  • the transmission line is either a molded waveguide, the internal conductive core being the molding, or a coaxial line, the internal conductive core being the central conductor of this line.
  • Patents US-A-2 636 948 and DE-A-973 327 disclose a contactless coupling device between a delay line and an external transmission circuit.
  • the delay line is electrically connected to a dielectric sheath.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks. It proposes to make mechanically independent, the delay line and the external circuits for injecting or extracting microwave energy from a traveling wave tube.
  • the coupling finger previously secured to the internal conductive core of the transmission line will now be secured to a conductive part.
  • the conductive part is fixed to a conductive sheath, brought to ground, and surrounding the delay line.
  • the coupling finger is integral with the conductive part and is fixed to the end of the delay line. It is through the external surface of the part that the electromagnetic coupling takes place between the delay line and the conductive core of the transmission line.
  • the device according to the invention it is possible to identify any faults in the component elements, either the delay line or the focusing device or the external circuits, before the final assembly. It is possible to make measurements between the delay line and the external circuits without these parts being permanently assembled. Only defective items will be discarded. The manufacturing cost of the TOP using this cutting device will be reduced.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a traveling wave tube comprising a conductive cylindrical sheath, brought to ground, and containing a delay line and a coupling device between the delay line and an external microwave circuit, the microwave circuit comprising a transmission line having an internal conductive core, characterized in that the coupling device comprises: a conductive piece placed at one end of the delay line and having a coupling finger projecting towards the inside of the sleeve and fixed to the end of the delay line, the part being brazed at one end of the sheath and the internal conductive core of the transmission line having one end situated opposite the external surface of the part, the electromagnetic microwave coupling taking place between the external surface of the part and the internal conductive core.
  • the end of the internal conductive core of the transmission line is placed near the coupling finger.
  • a narrow gap is arranged between the end of the internal conductive core of the transmission line and the external surface of the conductive part. This interval eliminates problems of poor contact.
  • This narrow interval is preferably about 0.1 millimeter.
  • the conductive part will preferably have the shape of a ring embedded around the sheath.
  • the external microwave circuit preferably comprises a molded waveguide, the internal conductive core being the molding or a coaxial line, the internal conductive core being the central conductor of the coaxial line.
  • Figure 1 is a partial view in longitudinal section of a traveling wave tube according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of the traveling wave tube shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is also a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 2.
  • the traveling wave tube shown comprises a delay line 1 and an external circuit 40 for extracting microwave energy from the tube.
  • the delay line 1 consists of a propeller 10 of axis XX ′.
  • Rods 11 ensure the centering of the propeller 10 in a cylindrical metal sleeve 2.
  • the sheath 2 provides vacuum sealing of the interior of the traveling wave tube. It is generally worn to a mass.
  • the rods 11 can be made of quartz, alumina, glucin, boron nitride, etc. They can be brazed or clamped against the propeller 10.
  • the traveling wave tube also includes a focusing device 20.
  • the delay line 1 is disposed inside the focusing device 20. It is constituted by the succession, along the axis XX ′ of permanent magnets 22 alternating and of polar masses 21 These permanent magnets 22 and these polar masses 21 are annular, surround the cylindrical sheath 2 and extend beyond its length.
  • An external circuit 40 for extracting the microwave energy from the traveling wave tube is coupled to the delay line 1.
  • this external circuit consists of a rectangular and molded waveguide 4. Its axis is perpendicular to the XX ′ axis.
  • This waveguide 4 passes through the focusser 20 until it is in contact with the sheath 2.
  • the width of the waveguide is contained, in the thickness along the axis XX ′, of one of the magnets 22.
  • the waveguide 4 has a molding 5 over its entire length. It projects perpendicularly to one of the long sides of the waveguide 4 in the middle.
  • the molding 5 is extended on the side of the delay line 1 by a coupling finger 55.
  • the sheath 2 has, on the side where the waveguide 4 arrives, an opening 23 allowing the passage of the coupling finger 55.
  • the finger coupling 55 extends to the delay line 1 and is brazed at the end 12 of the propeller 10.
  • the waveguide 4 can be constituted by the assembly of a U-shaped part 42, comprising the molding 5, and of a part 41 forming a cover.
  • the pole pieces can be welded or brazed to the molded waveguide 4.
  • FIG. 3 represents a partial view in longitudinal section according to the invention of a traveling wave tube.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of the traveling wave tube shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 is also a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 4.
  • the traveling wave tube shown comprises a delay line 1 of axis XX ′ and an external circuit 40 for extracting microwave energy from the tube.
  • the delay line 1 is a propeller line 10.
  • the propeller 10 is held by rods 11 in a metal sleeve 2.
  • An external circuit 40 for extracting the microwave energy from the traveling wave tube is coupled to the delay line 1.
  • This circuit is a molded waveguide 4. Its axis is perpendicular to the XX ′ axis.
  • This waveguide 4 passes through the focalizer until it is in contact with the sheath 2.
  • the waveguide 4 has over its entire length a molding 5. But in this embodiment, the molding 5 does not have, on the side of the coupling with delay line 1, coupling finger as in the prior art.
  • the waveguide 4 may consist of a cover 41 and of a U-shaped part 42 comprising the molding 5.
  • a conductive part 36 is placed at one end of the delay line 1 on the side of the coupling with the external circuit 40 for extracting microwave energy from the traveling wave tube. It is brazed to the sleeve 2.
  • the part 36 has the shape of a ring embedded in the outer wall of the sleeve 2.
  • a coupling finger 35 is integral with the conductive part 36. This coupling finger 35 projects inwardly of the sleeve 2 and is brazed at the end 12 of the helix.
  • the sheath 2 always has an opening 23 in the region of the coupling with the external circuit 40 for extracting the microwave energy from the traveling wave tube. This opening 23 is located near the coupling finger 35.
  • a narrow gap 37 is arranged between the end of the molding 5 placed on the side of the delay line 1 and the outer surface of the ring 36 located at the coupling finger 35. There is no longer any mechanical contact between the propeller 10 and the molding 5 and the electromagnetic coupling is provided by capacitive effect between the outer surface of the conductive ring 36 and the molding 5.
  • a conductive piece in the form of a ring is simple to make and assemble.
  • Couplings could be made in frequency bands going from the decimetric band to the millimeter band while keeping the same narrow interval 37.
  • the value of this interval is approximately 0.1 millimeter.
  • An interval of 0.1 millimeter is easily achievable with a satisfactory tolerance.
  • Figures 5a and 5b show in longitudinal section two variants of the ring 36.
  • the ring 36 shown in Figure 5a is more particularly suited to the case where the propeller 10 and the molding 5 are located on the same side of the axis of the waveguide 4.
  • the ring 36 shown in Figure 5b is more particularly suited to the case where the propeller 10 and the molding 5 are located on either side of the axis of the waveguide 4.
  • Figures 6a, 6b, 6c show that it is possible to vary, in height, the position of the ring 36 relative to that of the molding 5. This variation makes it possible to adjust the characteristic impedance.
  • the finger 35 and the molding 5 have the same height.
  • the finger 35 is lower than the molding 5
  • the finger 35 is higher than the molding 5.
  • FIG. 7 represents a partial view in longitudinal section of another embodiment of a traveling wave tube according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of the traveling wave tube shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 8.
  • the traveling wave tube shown comprises a delay line 1 of axis XX ′ and an external circuit 60 for extracting the microwave energy from the traveling wave tube.
  • the two figures represent only an area in the vicinity of the end of the delay line 10, the rest of the construction possibly being identical to what has been described in FIGS. 1 and 2. In particular, the focusing device is not shown .
  • the conductive part 36 carrying the coupling finger 35 is placed at its end. It is also a ring.
  • the external circuit 60 for extracting energy from the tube is a coaxial line 50. It consists of a central conductor 52 and an external conductor 54 in the form of a hollow cylinder, separated by a dielectric 51.
  • the axis of the coaxial line is perpendicular to the axis XX ′ of the delay line 1.
  • the coaxial line 50 crosses the focusing device until it is in contact with the sleeve 2.
  • the sleeve 2 has an opening 23 in the coupling zone with the coaxial line 50.
  • a narrow gap 37 is arranged between the end 53 of the central conductor 52 placed on the side of the delay line 1 and the outer surface of the ring 36, at the level of the coupling finger 35.
  • the invention is equally applicable to the coupling of the external microwave energy extraction circuit, as has just been described, as to the external circuit of injection of the microwave energy into the delay line.
  • the part carrying the coupling finger will be on the other side of the delay line, on the side of the electron gun.
  • the external energy injection circuit is generally a coaxial line.
  • the coupling will be identical to what has been described in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the invention also applies to traveling wave tubes, the delay line of which is a structure derived from the helix, for example composed of rings connected to one another by bars. These structures are known under the names “ring and bar” or “ring and loop” in English.
  • the traveling wave tube comprising the coupling device according to the invention can be used as a cross-field amplifier.
  • the bandwidth of the junction can be widened up to approximately 67% (i.e. one octave) with a standing wave ratio less than 1.7.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Wanderfeldröhre mit einer zylindrischen leitenden Hülse (2), die an Masse liegt und eine Verzögerungsleitung aufweist, und mit einer Koppelvorrichtung zwischen der Verzögerungsleitung (1) und einem äußeren Mikrowellenkreis (40), der eine Übertragungsleitung (4) mit einer inneren leitenden Seele (5) besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Koppelvorrichtung ein leitendes Teil (36) aufweist, das an einem Ende der Verzögerungsleitung (1) liegt und einen Kopplungsfinger (35) besitzt, der ins Innere des Hülsees (2) vorspringt und an diesem Ende (12) der Verzögerungsleitung (1) befestigt ist, wobei
das leitende Teil (36) an ein Ende der Hülse (2) angelötet ist und die innere leitende Seele (5) der Übertragungsleitung (4) mit einem Ende gegenüber der äußeren Oberfläche des leitenden Teils liegt und wobei
die elektromagnetische Mikrowellenkopplung zwischen der äußeren Oberfläche des Teils (36) und der leitenden inneren Seele (5) erfolgt.
2. Wanderfeldröhre nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ende der inneren leitenden Seele (5) in der Nähe des Koppelfingers (35) liegt.
3. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein geringer Abstand (37) zwischen dem Ende der leitenden inneren Seele (5) der Übertragungsleitung (4) und der äußeren Oberfläche des leitenden Teils (36) vorgesehen ist.
4. Wanderfeldröhre nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Breite des geringen Abstands zwischen der leitenden inneren Seele (5) der Übertragungsleitung (4) und der äußeren Oberfläche des leitenden Teils (36) etwa 0,1 mm beträgt.
5. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das leitende Teil (36) die Form eines Ringes besitzt, der in die äußere Wand der Hülse (2) eingelassen ist.
6. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der äußere Mikrowellenkreis (40) ein Kreis zum Einspeisen oder Entnehmen von Mikrowellenenergie ist.
7. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Übertragungsleitung ein Leisten-Wellenleiter (4) ist, wobei die innere leitende Seele die Leiste (5) des Wellenleiters ist.
8. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Übertragungsleitung eine Koaxialleitung (50) ist, wobei die innere leitende Seele den Innenleiter (52) der Koaxialleitung bildet.
9. Wanderfeldröhre nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Verzögerungsleitung (1) eine Spiralleitung (10) oder eine Leitung ist, die von einer Spiralleitung abgeleitet ist.
10. Wanderfeldröhre nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Koppelfinger (35) an das Ende (12) der Spirale (10) oder an das Ende der Struktur angelötet ist, die von der Spirale abgeleitet ist.
EP89401031A 1988-04-19 1989-04-14 Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und den äusseren Mikrowellenschaltungen Expired - Lifetime EP0341107B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8805139A FR2630257A1 (fr) 1988-04-19 1988-04-19 Tube a onde progressive comportant un dispositif de couplage entre sa ligne a retard et des circuits hyperfrequences externes
FR8805139 1988-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0341107A1 EP0341107A1 (de) 1989-11-08
EP0341107B1 true EP0341107B1 (de) 1992-03-11

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EP89401031A Expired - Lifetime EP0341107B1 (de) 1988-04-19 1989-04-14 Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kupplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und den äusseren Mikrowellenschaltungen

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4970432A (de)
EP (1) EP0341107B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0212738A (de)
DE (1) DE68900953D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2630257A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2628827B2 (ja) * 1993-02-17 1997-07-09 哲夫 磯崎 線香成形用押出装置
FR2747228B1 (fr) * 1996-04-05 1998-07-17 Thomson Csf Ferrite a faibles pertes entre 1 mhz et 100 mhz et procede de realisation
FR2758888B1 (fr) * 1997-01-27 1999-04-23 Thomson Csf Procede de modelisation fine du fouillis de sol recu par un radar
FR2787918B1 (fr) 1998-12-23 2001-03-16 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Tube a ondes progressives multibande de longueur reduite capable de fonctionner a puissance elevee

Family Cites Families (16)

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NL187376B (nl) * 1946-01-11 Northern Telecom Ltd Telefoonspraaknetwerk.
BE510746A (de) * 1951-04-19 1900-01-01
DE973327C (de) * 1951-04-19 1960-01-21 Standard Elek K Lorenz Ag Wanderfeldwendelroehre mit selbsttragendem Roehrensystem
DE936882C (de) * 1952-03-09 1955-12-22 Telefunken Gmbh Ankopplungsanordnung
US2758244A (en) * 1952-06-02 1956-08-07 Rca Corp Electron beam tubes
DE1013730B (de) * 1953-06-09 1957-08-14 Deutsche Bundespost Ankopplungsanordnung zwischen einem wendelfoermigen Wellenleiter und einer Lecherleitung
US2899593A (en) * 1954-05-03 1959-08-11 Electron discharge devices
US2869082A (en) * 1956-02-15 1959-01-13 Sylvania Electric Prod Microwave transition elements
FR1184604A (fr) * 1956-07-05 1959-07-23 Siemens Ag Dispositif pour le couplage et le découplage d'ondes électromagnétiques avec l'hélice de tubes à propagation de champ
US2991391A (en) * 1957-07-24 1961-07-04 Varian Associates Electron beam discharge apparatus
DE1271225B (de) * 1964-05-27 1968-06-27 Siemens Ag Hohlleiter zur UEbertragung sehr kurzer elektromagnetischer Wellen, insbesondere fuer Millimeterwellenroehren, mit einem hochfrequenzdurchlaessigen Fenster und Wanderfeldroehre mit einem derartigen Hohlleiter
US3715616A (en) * 1971-10-12 1973-02-06 Sperry Rand Corp High-impedance slow-wave propagation circuit having band width extension means
US3939443A (en) * 1972-01-07 1976-02-17 Finommechanikai Vallalat Frequency-selective coupling for high-frequency electromagnetic waves
DE2516428C2 (de) * 1975-04-15 1977-03-24 Siemens Ag Wanderfeldroehre mit einer wendelartigen verzoegerungsleitung
FR2485801A1 (fr) * 1980-06-27 1981-12-31 Thomson Csf Dispositif de couplage entre la ligne a retard d'un tube a onde progressive et le circuit externe de transmission de l'energie du tube, et tube a onde progressive comportant un tel dispositif
FR2608835B1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1994-05-13 Thomson Csf Dispositif de couplage a large bande entre la ligne a retard d'un tube a onde progressive et le circuit externe de transmission de l'energie du tube, et tube a onde progressive comportant un tel dispositif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0341107A1 (de) 1989-11-08
DE68900953D1 (de) 1992-04-16
US4970432A (en) 1990-11-13
JPH0212738A (ja) 1990-01-17
FR2630257A1 (fr) 1989-10-20

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