EP0339027B1 - Clamping device for releasably holding a tool, in particular a disk - Google Patents

Clamping device for releasably holding a tool, in particular a disk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0339027B1
EP0339027B1 EP19870907740 EP87907740A EP0339027B1 EP 0339027 B1 EP0339027 B1 EP 0339027B1 EP 19870907740 EP19870907740 EP 19870907740 EP 87907740 A EP87907740 A EP 87907740A EP 0339027 B1 EP0339027 B1 EP 0339027B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
spindle
clamping device
tool
annular part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP19870907740
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0339027A1 (en
Inventor
Erich Borst
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to AT87907740T priority Critical patent/ATE69572T1/en
Publication of EP0339027A1 publication Critical patent/EP0339027A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B45/00—Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
    • B24B45/006—Quick mount and release means for disc-like wheels, e.g. on power tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B23/00—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/02—Portable grinding machines, e.g. hand-guided; Accessories therefor with rotating grinding tools; Accessories therefor
    • B24B23/022—Spindle-locking devices, e.g. for mounting or removing the tool

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a clamping device for releasably fastening a tool, in particular a disk, according to the generic preamble of the main claim.
  • Clamping devices for, in particular, disk-shaped tools are particularly suitable for portable hand-held machine tools and in particular for grinding machines.
  • a clamping device of the type mentioned is known (DE-PS 30 12 836), in which the one flange, which is arranged on the side of the tool facing the housing of the hand-held power tool, is axially movable relative to the spindle and is designed as a drive plate.
  • This rear support flange is coupled to the spindle in a torque-transmitting manner and is axially supported on a shoulder in one end position.
  • the other flange which can be screwed onto the end of the spindle, consists of a nut with a separate clamping element, approximately hat-shaped in cross section, which is supported axially against the flange of the clamping nut via a helical spring.
  • This clamping device is also intended to enable the grinding wheel to be replaced quickly and easily and at the same time to avoid overloading the hand-held power tool, in particular the angle grinder. If the torque applied to the grinding wheel becomes too large, the grinding wheel stops, while the rear flange and the clamping nut with clamping element execute a relative movement.
  • This clamping device counteracts the effect that the clamping nut continues to tighten itself during operation, which would otherwise make it considerably more difficult to loosen the clamping nut when changing the grinding wheel. Nevertheless, a loosening of the clamping nut is only possible with the help of a special auxiliary tool, and depending on the design of the machine, the spindle with a second auxiliary tool, eg. B. wrench, must be countered accordingly.
  • the tensioning device in the tensioning device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim, the following advantages result.
  • a tool change is made possible without any auxiliary tool, which, moreover, can be carried out quickly and safely.
  • the tensioning device is from the one exposed during the intended use out front area and in the area between the tool and the bearing flange of the housing, so that any risk of damage, eg. B. met by abrasion on the workpiece.
  • the tensioning device is simple and robust in construction and is adequately protected against external contamination. Any wear on functionally important parts has been countered. Simple and easy two-hand operation is achieved.
  • the front clamping nut is unchanged in a known manner, so that standardized, inexpensive parts can be used here.
  • the support flange has a non-rotatable form fit with the spindle, so that relevant regulations are met.
  • the support flange is captively attached, which makes tool changing even easier.
  • a z. B. designed as an angle grinder, portable hand tool, which has a motor-driven and via a gear driven spindle 10 which is mounted in the housing 11 at one end by means of a needle bearing 12 and at an axial distance therefrom by means of a ball bearing 13.
  • the inner ring of the ball bearing 13 is axially supported on a shaft collar 14.
  • the spindle 10 is provided with a threaded shoulder 15, which carries an external thread 16.
  • the spindle 10 is used to drive a tool 17, the z. B. from the indicated grinding wheel or another tool disc, for. B. a cup wheel, brush, a rubber plate or the like.
  • the tool 17 is releasably attached to the spindle 10 by means of a clamping device.
  • the clamping device has two flanges 18 and 19, between which the tool 17 can be axially clamped.
  • One flange 19 is formed by a clamping nut 20 which has a hub part 21 and a continuous internal thread 22 with which the clamping nut 20 is screwed onto the external thread 16.
  • the tool 17 is centered on the outer peripheral surface of the hub part 21 during fastening.
  • the other flange 18 forms a counter flange. It is held axially displaceably on the spindle 10 and is coupled to the spindle 10 in a torque-transmitting manner.
  • a tongue and groove connection is used with a disc spring 23 which is positively received in the spindle 10 and which engages in an axially continuous groove 24 of the flange 18.
  • a support element which consists of an annular part 25, which is designed here as a nut 26, is arranged on the spindle 10 so as to be movable relative thereto.
  • the nut 26 is at least a small axial distance from the flange 18. It has an internal thread 27 with which it is movable on the thread of a threaded shoulder 28 of the spindle 10.
  • the external thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 are each formed as a right-handed steep thread, the pitch angle of which is chosen so large that the steep thread lies in the safe range of self-locking.
  • An axial ball bearing 29 is arranged axially between the flange 18 and the nut 26, via which the flange 18 is axially supported on the nut 26.
  • a torsion spring 30 is placed between the flange 18 and the nut 26 and engages with one leg end 31 on the flange 18 and with its other leg end 32 on the nut 26.
  • the nut 26 is pressed against the axial ball bearing 29 by the torque of the torsion spring 30 via the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 of the spindle 10.
  • This axial screwing force is transmitted to the flange 18, the axial displacement of which in the direction facing away from the nut 26 is limited by means of a stop 33 in the form of a snap ring on the spindle 10.
  • Axial movement of the nut 26 relative to the spindle 10 and in the direction facing away from the flange 18 is limited by means of the shaft collar 14 of the spindle 10.
  • a cylindrical protective sleeve 34 is fastened to the flange 18 and extends axially over at least a region of both the flange 18 and the nut 26 and thereby covers the flange 18, the nut 26 and the axial intermediate region between the two in a protective manner.
  • the protective sleeve 34 provides the unmounted balls of the axial ball bearing 29 with radial support to the outside and at the same time seals the area between the nut 26 and the flange 18 to the outside.
  • the protective sleeve 34 overlaps the nut 26 axially with play so that it does not stand in the way of the relative movement of the nut 26 relative to the spindle 10 with flange 18.
  • two sealing rings 35, 36 are also arranged, of which one 35 is held on the nut 26 and the other 36 on part of the bearing flange 37 of the housing 11.
  • the two sealing rings 35, 36 together form a double labyrinth and protect the axial ball bearing 29 and the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 from dirt.
  • the nut 26 is associated with an externally accessible and actuatable locking device 38.
  • This has a pressure pin 40 which is loaded by a spring 39 and returned to the inactive disengaging position and which is held and guided in a guide 41 of the bearing flange 37 in a translationally translatable manner with respect to the spindle 10.
  • the pressure pin 40 carries at the inside end a locking member 42 which can block the nut 26 against rotation when the locking device 38 is actuated.
  • the locking member 42 consists here of an approximately strip-like finger 43 bent at the lower end. This is secured and guided in a guide 44 against tilting or rotating about the axis of the pressure bolt 40.
  • the guide 44 is z. B. formed by two adjacent ribs 45, 46 of the housing 11. Recesses 47, 48 adjacent to the ribs 45, 46 ensure that the translational movement of the finger 43, triggered by displacement of the pressure pin 40, is not blocked by dirt or the like.
  • the nut 26 has at least one, expediently a plurality of latching openings 49, 50 which are arranged at equal circumferential angular distances from one another and which are open towards the outside and towards the finger 43 and are adapted to the dimensions of the finger 43 such that the finger 43 enters the latching openings 49 , 50 fits into it when the pressure pin 40 is pressed in by hand in the direction of arrow 51.
  • the pressure bolt 40 is pressed with one hand in the direction of arrow 51 from the outside up to the stop when the engine is switched off and is gripped with the other hand on the tool 17 and this together with the clamping device including the flange 18 Spindle 10 and the nut 26 rotated until the finger 43 in one latching opening 49 or 50 engaging its area, whereupon the nut 26 is prevented from rotating during this rotation.
  • the pressure pin 40 is then held by hand in this locked position.
  • the other hand exerts a torque counterclockwise on the tool 17. This torque is transmitted from the tool 17 via the flanges 18, 19 to the spindle 10 and its threaded shoulder 28 with a steep thread.
  • the nut 26 is released from its axial contact with the axial ball bearing 29 and, upon further rotation, moves axially in a direction away from the flange 18 towards the stop on the shaft collar 14.
  • the axial ball bearing 29 and with it the flange 18 can move freely axially, so that the clamping pressure effective between the two flanges 18 and 19 and the tool 17 drops and the clamping nut 20 is relaxed. This can now be completely unscrewed from the threaded shoulder 15 by hand and the tool 17 can then be replaced.
  • the loosening torque on the circumference of the tool 17 depends on the helix angle of the high helix thread on the threaded shoulder 28 and the nut 26. The larger this helix angle, the smaller the loosening torque.
  • the pitch angle is determined so that the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 is in the safe range of self-locking, taking into account the torque of the torsion spring 30, which counteracts the loosening torque.
  • the locking device 38 is again actuated by hand in the manner described above, so that the finger 43 engages in a latching opening 49, 50 of the nut 26.
  • the clamping nut 20 is slightly tightened and the new tool 17 is also slightly tightened. This is sufficient because when the engine is subsequently switched on, the tool 17 then automatically tightens during operation.
  • the arranged between the nut 26 and the flange 18 axial ball bearing 29 has the advantage that the existing front friction between the two is reduced to a rolling friction and is therefore practically negligible.
  • the clamping device described has many advantages. It lies in the protected area between the tool 17 and the bearing flange 37 running above it, which completely eliminates the risk of any damage or impairment when the handheld power tool is used as intended. Reliable protection against dirt, dust and other contaminants is achieved with simple means.
  • the tensioning device is simple and robust in construction. Any wear and tear on functionally important parts is reduced to a minimum or even completely eliminated.
  • the clamping device is extremely simple, inexpensive and fast, safe and easy to use. It enables a quick and safe change of the tool 17 without the need for any additional special tools. Simple and easy two-hand operation is achieved. The other.
  • the clamping device is not limited to grinding wheels as a tool 17. Rather, other tools, e.g. B. pot washers, brushes, rubber plates or the like.
  • Locking devices for the spindle of angle grinders are known per se. However, in known hand-held power tools, these are located in the gearbox.
  • the design according to the invention differs from the fact that the locking device 38 is instead arranged in the region of the bearing flange 37 and the ball bearing 13.
  • This relocation of the spindle locking device has the advantage that there are no sealing problems, furthermore there is no need for locking openings on the ring gear for the form-locking spindle locking, as a result of which the ring gear becomes much cheaper, and the design of the housing 11 becomes simpler and cheaper.
  • the stress on the individual parts of the spindle lock is significantly reduced. When released, the stress is, for example, only about 6% of that of the otherwise known spindle locking devices.
  • the advantage of the lateral arrangement of the pressure bolt 40 which is accessible from the air, is also retained. Before each clamping of the tool 17, the nut 26 is inevitably returned to the starting position via the locking device 38.
  • the second exemplary embodiment differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that the ring part 125, which serves as a support element for the flange 118, consists of a disk 152 which is displaceable and rotatable relative to the spindle 110.
  • the spindle 110 is provided with a continuous cylindrical outer peripheral surface in this area.
  • the axial ball bearing arranged axially between the ring part 25 and the nut 26 in the first embodiment is omitted in the second embodiment.
  • a schematically indicated axial ball bearing 153 is arranged on the axial side of the disk 152, which faces away from the flange 118, on which the disk 152 is supported with the facing axial side.
  • the axial ball bearing 153 is in turn supported on the shaft collar 114 of the spindle 110.
  • the cylindrical protective sleeve 134 is firmly attached to the disk 152 here. It covers an axial part of the flange 118, and this with play. As in the first exemplary embodiment, the disk 152 and the flange 118 are coupled by means of the torsion spring 130.
  • the inclined surfaces 152a, 118a are axial wedge surfaces with which the flange 118 and the disk 152 lie axially against one another, as is evident from the development according to FIG. 4.
  • the wedge angle ⁇ of these inclined surfaces 152a, 118a is chosen so large that it lies in the safe range of self-locking.
  • the torsion spring 130 which is supported, as in the first exemplary embodiment, with one leg end 132 on the disk 152 and with its other leg end 131 on the flange 118, rotates the disk 152 and the flange 118 relative to one another in such a way that both parts on the inclined surfaces 118a, 152a slide up and thereby be pushed apart axially.
  • This axial spreading movement is limited in one direction by the shaft collar 114 and in the other direction by the stop 133 in the form of the snap ring of the spindle 110.
  • the disk 152 is first rotationally blocked as described in the first exemplary embodiment by means of the locking device 138, which is designed in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment. If the tool 117 is then rotated counterclockwise with the other hand, the flange 118 and the spindle 110 are also taken along. Rotation of the flange 118 counterclockwise causes the tapered surfaces 118a of the flange 118 to slide wedge down the tapered surfaces 152a of the rotationally locked washer 152, which results in a corresponding axial relaxation, whereupon the clamping nut 120 becomes loose and can be easily unscrewed by hand.
  • the torsion spring 130 is able to clamp the flange 118 relative to the disk 152 to rotate so that the inclined surfaces 118a of the flange 118 slide upward on the inclined surfaces 152a of the disc 152, whereby the two parts 152, 118 are axially pressed apart again.
  • the tool 117 is clamped in the pressed-apart position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE87/00560 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 14, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 14, 1989 PCT Filed Dec. 5, 1987 PCT Pub. No. WO88/04976 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 14, 1988.A clamping fixture for detachably fixing a tool to a driven spindle and comprising a flange for applying a clamping force to the tool and axially displaceable relative the driven spindle and coupled to the driven spindle for transmitting a torque thereto, a supporting element for securing the flange against axial displacement relative to the spindle to prevent the flanges from applying a damping force to the tool, the supporting element comprising an annular nut member displaceably mounted on the spindle adjacent an end of the flange which is remote from the tool, and having a right-hand coarse thread to be screwed onto the threaded portion with an external coarse thread of the spindle, a torsion spring for coupling the annular nut member to the flange, and a locking device for preventing rotation of the annular nut member upon actuation of the locking device.

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Spanneinrichtung zum lösbaren Befestigen eines Werkzeuges, insbesondere einer Scheibe, nach dem gattungsbildenden Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs. Spanneinrichtungen für insbesondere scheibenförmige Werkzeuge sind vor allem für tragbare Handwerkzeugmaschinen und hierbei insbesondere für Schleifmaschinen geeignet. Es ist eine Spanneinrichtung genannter Art bekannt (DE-PS 30 12 836), bei der der eine Flansch, der auf der zum Gehäuse der Handwerkzeugmaschine weisenden Seite des Werkzeuges angeordnet ist, relativ zur Spindel axial beweglich und als Mitnehmerscheibe ausgebildet ist. Dieser rückwärtige Stützflansch ist mit der Spindel drehmomentübertragend gekoppelt und axial an einer Schulter dieser in einer Endstellung abgestützt. Der andere, auf das Ende der Spindel aufschraubbare Flansch besteht aus einer Mutter mit einem im Querschnitt etwa hutförmigen separaten Spannelement, das axial über eine Schraubenfeder gegen den Flansch der Spannmutter abgestützt ist. Beim Aufschrauben und Festziehen dieser Spannmutter wird über die axial zusammengedrückte Feder das hutförmige Spannelement axial gegen das Werkzeug angedrückt und dadurch das Werkzeug gegen den spindelseitigen Flansch festgezogen, wobei die Stirnseite eines Zylinderansatzes der Spannmutter unmittelbar an einer zugewandten Axialseite des rückwärtigen Flansches zur Anlage kommt und beim weiteren Festziehen der Spannmutter dieser rückwärtige, spindelseitige Flansch zusammen mit der Spannmutter festgezogen wird, evtl. bis der rückwärtige Flansch an der Schulterfläche der Spindel axial zur Anlage kommt. Dadurch soll erreicht werden, bei einem Winkelschleifer die Schleifscheibe mit definiertem Anpreßdruck einzuspannen und diesen Anpreßdruck sicherzustellen. Diese Spanneinrichtung soll auch ein rasches und einfaches Auswechseln der Schleifscheibe ermöglichen und zugleich eine Überlastung der Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere des Winkelschleifers, vermeiden. Wird nämlich das an der Schleifscheibe angreifende Drehmoment zu groß, bleibt die Schleifscheibe stehen, während der rückwärtige Flansch sowie die Spannmutter mit Spannglied eine Relativbewegung dazu ausführen. Mit dieser Spanneinrichtung wird dem Effekt entgegengewirkt, daß im Betrieb die Spannmutter sich von selbst weiter festzieht, was sonst das Lösen der Spannmutter beim Wechseln der Schleifscheibe erheblich erschwert. Dennoch ist hierbei ein Lösen der Spannmutter nur unter Zuhilfenahme eines besonderen Hilfswerkzeuges möglich, wobei je nach Ausbildung der Maschine die Spindel mit einem zweiten Hilfswerkzeug, z. B. Schraubenschlüssel, entsprechend gegengehalten werden muß.The invention is based on a clamping device for releasably fastening a tool, in particular a disk, according to the generic preamble of the main claim. Clamping devices for, in particular, disk-shaped tools are particularly suitable for portable hand-held machine tools and in particular for grinding machines. A clamping device of the type mentioned is known (DE-PS 30 12 836), in which the one flange, which is arranged on the side of the tool facing the housing of the hand-held power tool, is axially movable relative to the spindle and is designed as a drive plate. This rear support flange is coupled to the spindle in a torque-transmitting manner and is axially supported on a shoulder in one end position. The other flange, which can be screwed onto the end of the spindle, consists of a nut with a separate clamping element, approximately hat-shaped in cross section, which is supported axially against the flange of the clamping nut via a helical spring. When screwing and tightening this clamping nut is pressed axially against the tool via the axially compressed spring, thereby tightening the tool against the spindle-side flange, the end face of a cylinder shoulder of the clamping nut coming to rest directly on a facing axial side of the rear flange and when the clamping nut is further tightened this rear, spindle-side flange is tightened together with the clamping nut, possibly until the rear flange axially abuts the shoulder surface of the spindle. The aim of this is to clamp the grinding wheel with a defined contact pressure on an angle grinder and to ensure this contact pressure. This clamping device is also intended to enable the grinding wheel to be replaced quickly and easily and at the same time to avoid overloading the hand-held power tool, in particular the angle grinder. If the torque applied to the grinding wheel becomes too large, the grinding wheel stops, while the rear flange and the clamping nut with clamping element execute a relative movement. This clamping device counteracts the effect that the clamping nut continues to tighten itself during operation, which would otherwise make it considerably more difficult to loosen the clamping nut when changing the grinding wheel. Nevertheless, a loosening of the clamping nut is only possible with the help of a special auxiliary tool, and depending on the design of the machine, the spindle with a second auxiliary tool, eg. B. wrench, must be countered accordingly.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs ergeben sich folgende Vorteile. Es wird ein Werkzeugwechsel ohne jegliches Hilfswerkzeug ermöglicht, der sich im übrigen schnell und sicher durchführen läßt. Die Spanneinrichtung ist aus dem beim bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch freiliegenden vorderen Bereich heraus und in den Bereich zwischen Werkzeug und Lagerflansch des Gehäuses verlegt, so daß einer etwaigen Beschädigungsgefahr, z. B. durch Scheuern am Werkstück, begegnet ist. Ferner ist die Spanneinrichtung einfach und robust im Aufbau sowie hinreichend gegen Verschmutzung von außen geschützt. Einem etwaigen Verschleiß an funktionswichtigen Teilen ist begegnet. Es ist eine einfache und leichte Zweihandbedienung erreicht. Die vordere Spannmutter ist unverändert in bekannter Weise übernommen, so daß hier auf genormte, kostengünstige Teile zurückgegriffen werden kann. Zugleich kann immer noch für besonders hartnäckige Fälle, z. B. bei festgerosteter Spannmutter, daran ein Schlüssel angesetzt und die Spannmutter mit diesem Hilfswerkzeug gelöst werden. Der Stützflansch hat mit der Spindel drehfesten Formschluß, so daß diesbezügliche Vorschriften erfüllt sind. Außerdem ist der Stützflansch unverlierbar angebracht, wodurch der Werkzeugwechsel noch erleichtert wird.In the tensioning device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim, the following advantages result. A tool change is made possible without any auxiliary tool, which, moreover, can be carried out quickly and safely. The tensioning device is from the one exposed during the intended use out front area and in the area between the tool and the bearing flange of the housing, so that any risk of damage, eg. B. met by abrasion on the workpiece. Furthermore, the tensioning device is simple and robust in construction and is adequately protected against external contamination. Any wear on functionally important parts has been countered. Simple and easy two-hand operation is achieved. The front clamping nut is unchanged in a known manner, so that standardized, inexpensive parts can be used here. At the same time, it can still be used for particularly stubborn cases, e.g. B. with rusted clamping nut, put a key on it and loosen the clamping nut with this auxiliary tool. The support flange has a non-rotatable form fit with the spindle, so that relevant regulations are met. In addition, the support flange is captively attached, which makes tool changing even easier.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Spanneinrichtung möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the tensioning device specified in the main claim are possible due to the features listed in the subclaims.

Der vollständige Wortlaut der Ansprüche ist vorstehend allein zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wiederholungen nicht wiedergegeben, sondern statt dessen lediglich durch Nennung der Anspruchsnummer darauf Bezug genommen, wodurch jedoch alle diese Anspruchsmerkmale als an dieser Stelle ausdrücklich und erfindungswesentlich offenbart zu gelten haben. Alle in dieser Beschreibung erwähnten, sowie auch allein aus der Zeichnung entnehmbaren Merkmale sind weitere Bestandteile der Erfindung, auch wenn sie nicht besonders hervorgehoben und nicht in den Ansprüchen erwähnt sind.The full wording of the claims is not reproduced above merely to avoid unnecessary repetition, but instead is referred to only by mentioning the claim number, whereby, however, all these features of the claim are to be regarded as being explicitly disclosed at this point and essential to the invention. All of the features mentioned in this description and those that can be inferred solely from the drawing are further components of the invention, even if they are not particularly emphasized and are not mentioned in the claims.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen schematischen axialen Längsschnitt einer Spanneinrichtung als Teil eines Winkelschleifers mit eingespannter Schleifscheibe, gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 2 einen schematischen Schnitt entlang der Linie II - II in Fig. 1 einer Einzelheit der Spanneinrichtung,
  • Fig. 3 einen schematischen axialen Längsschnitt etwa entsprechend demjenigen in Fig. 1 einer Spanneinrichtung gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
  • Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht der Einzelheit IV in Fig. 3, und zwar in Abwicklung.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
  • 1 is a schematic axial longitudinal section of a clamping device as part of an angle grinder with clamped grinding wheel, according to a first embodiment,
  • 2 shows a schematic section along the line II-II in FIG. 1 of a detail of the tensioning device,
  • 3 shows a schematic axial longitudinal section approximately corresponding to that in FIG. 1 of a tensioning device according to a second exemplary embodiment,
  • Fig. 4 is a side view of the detail IV in Fig. 3, in process.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch der untere Teil einer z. B. als Winkelschleifer gestalteten, tragbaren Handwerkzeugmaschine gezeigt, die eine motorisch und über ein Getriebe angetriebene Spindel 10 aufweist, die im Gehäuse 11 am einen Ende mittels eines Nadellagers 12 und in axialem Abstand davon mittels eines Kugellagers 13 gelagert ist. Der Innenring des Kugellagers 13 ist auf einem Wellenbund 14 axial abgestützt. Am Ende ist die Spindel 10 mit einem Gewindeabsatz 15 versehen, der ein Außengewinde 16 trägt.In Fig. 1, the lower part of a z. B. designed as an angle grinder, portable hand tool, which has a motor-driven and via a gear driven spindle 10 which is mounted in the housing 11 at one end by means of a needle bearing 12 and at an axial distance therefrom by means of a ball bearing 13. The inner ring of the ball bearing 13 is axially supported on a shaft collar 14. At the end, the spindle 10 is provided with a threaded shoulder 15, which carries an external thread 16.

Die Spindel 10 dient zum Antrieb eines Werkzeuges 17, das z. B. aus der angedeuteten Schleifscheibe oder einer anderen Werkzeugscheibe, z. B. einer Topfscheibe, Bürste, einem Gummiteller od. dgl., besteht. Das Werkzeug 17 ist mittels einer Spanneinrichtung lösbar auf der Spindel 10 befestigt. Die Spanneinrichtung weist zwei Flansche 18 und 19 auf, zwischen denen das Werkzeug 17 axial festspannbar ist. Der eine Flansch 19 ist durch eine Spannmutter 20 gebildet, die einen Nabenteil 21 und ein durchgängiges Innengewinde 22 aufweist, mit dem die Spannmutter 20 auf das Außengewinde 16 aufgeschraubt ist. Auf der äußeren Umfangsfläche des Nabenteiles 21 ist beim Befestigen das Werkzeug 17 zentriert.The spindle 10 is used to drive a tool 17, the z. B. from the indicated grinding wheel or another tool disc, for. B. a cup wheel, brush, a rubber plate or the like. The tool 17 is releasably attached to the spindle 10 by means of a clamping device. The clamping device has two flanges 18 and 19, between which the tool 17 can be axially clamped. One flange 19 is formed by a clamping nut 20 which has a hub part 21 and a continuous internal thread 22 with which the clamping nut 20 is screwed onto the external thread 16. The tool 17 is centered on the outer peripheral surface of the hub part 21 during fastening.

Der andere Flansch 18 bildet einen Gegenflansch. Er ist auf der Spindel 10 axial verschiebbar gehalten und dabei mit der Spindel 10 drehmomentübertragend gekoppelt. Hierzu dient eine Nut- und Federverbindung mit einer in der Spindel 10 formschlüssig aufgenommenen Scheibenfeder 23, die in eine axial durchgängige Nut 24 des Flansches 18 eingreift.The other flange 18 forms a counter flange. It is held axially displaceably on the spindle 10 and is coupled to the spindle 10 in a torque-transmitting manner. For this purpose, a tongue and groove connection is used with a disc spring 23 which is positively received in the spindle 10 and which engages in an axially continuous groove 24 of the flange 18.

Auf der dem Werkzeug 17 abgewandten Axialseite des Flansches 18 ist auf der Spindel 10 relativ dazu beweglich ein Stützelement angeordnet, das aus einem Ringteil 25 besteht, der hier als Mutter 26 ausgebildet ist. Die Mutter 26 befindet sich in zumindest geringem axialen Abstand vom Flansch 18. Sie weist ein Innengewinde 27 auf, mit dem sie auf dem Gewinde eines Gewindeabsatzes 28 der Spindel 10 beweglich ist. Das Außengewinde des Gewindeabsatzes 28 und das Innengewinde 27 der Mutter 26 ist jeweils als rechtsgängiges Steilgewinde ausgebildet, dessen Steigungswinkel so groß gewählt ist, daß das Steilgewinde im sicheren Bereich der Selbsthemmung liegt.On the axial side of the flange 18 facing away from the tool 17, a support element, which consists of an annular part 25, which is designed here as a nut 26, is arranged on the spindle 10 so as to be movable relative thereto. The nut 26 is at least a small axial distance from the flange 18. It has an internal thread 27 with which it is movable on the thread of a threaded shoulder 28 of the spindle 10. The external thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 are each formed as a right-handed steep thread, the pitch angle of which is chosen so large that the steep thread lies in the safe range of self-locking.

Axial zwischen dem Flansch 18 und der Mutter 26 ist ein Axialkugellager 29 angeordnet, über das der Flansch 18 axial an der Mutter 26 abgestützt ist.An axial ball bearing 29 is arranged axially between the flange 18 and the nut 26, via which the flange 18 is axially supported on the nut 26.

Zwischen dem Flansch 18 und der Mutter 26 ist eine Drehfeder 30 plaziert, die mit einem Schenkelende 31 am Flansch 18 und mit ihrem anderen Schenkelende 32 an der Mutter 26 angreift. Die Mutter 26 wird vom Drehmoment der Drehfeder 30 über das Steilgewinde des Gewindeabsatzes 28 der Spindel 10 gegen das Axialkugellager 29 gedrückt. Diese axiale Schraubkraft wird auf den Flansch 18 übertragen, dessen axialer Verschiebeweg in der der Mutter 26 abgewandten Richtung mittels eines Anschlages 33 in Form eines Sprengringes an der Spindel 10 begrenzt wird.A torsion spring 30 is placed between the flange 18 and the nut 26 and engages with one leg end 31 on the flange 18 and with its other leg end 32 on the nut 26. The nut 26 is pressed against the axial ball bearing 29 by the torque of the torsion spring 30 via the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 of the spindle 10. This axial screwing force is transmitted to the flange 18, the axial displacement of which in the direction facing away from the nut 26 is limited by means of a stop 33 in the form of a snap ring on the spindle 10.

Eine Axialbewegung der Mutter 26 relativ zur Spindel 10 und in der Richtung, die dem Flansch 18 abgewandt ist, ist mittels des Wellenbundes 14 der Spindel 10 begrenzt.Axial movement of the nut 26 relative to the spindle 10 and in the direction facing away from the flange 18 is limited by means of the shaft collar 14 of the spindle 10.

Am Flansch 18 ist eine zylindrische Schutzhülse 34 befestigt, die sich axial über zumindest einen Bereich sowohl des Flansches 18 als auch der Mutter 26 erstreckt und dabei auf diesem Bereich den Flansch 18, die Mutter 26 und den axialen Zwischenbereich zwischen beiden schützend überdeckt. Die Schutzhülse 34 bietet den nicht gefaßten Kugeln des Axialkugellagers 29 die radiale Abstützung nach außen und dichtet gleichzeitig den bereich zwischen der Mutter 26 und dem Flansch 18 nach außen ab. Die Schutzhülse 34 übergreift die Mutter 26 axial mit Bewegungsspiel, so daß sie der Relativbewegung der Mutter 26 relativ zur Spindel 10 mit Flansch 18 nicht im Wege steht.A cylindrical protective sleeve 34 is fastened to the flange 18 and extends axially over at least a region of both the flange 18 and the nut 26 and thereby covers the flange 18, the nut 26 and the axial intermediate region between the two in a protective manner. The protective sleeve 34 provides the unmounted balls of the axial ball bearing 29 with radial support to the outside and at the same time seals the area between the nut 26 and the flange 18 to the outside. The protective sleeve 34 overlaps the nut 26 axially with play so that it does not stand in the way of the relative movement of the nut 26 relative to the spindle 10 with flange 18.

Auf der Axialseite der Mutter 26, die dem Flansch 18 abgewandt ist, sind außerdem zwei Dichtringe 35, 36 angeordnet, von denen der eine 35 an der Mutter 26 und der andere 36 an einem Teil des Lagerflansches 37 des Gehäuses 11 gehalten ist. Die beiden Dichtringe 35, 36 bilden zusammen ein Doppellabyrinth und schützen das Axialkugellager 29 und das Steilgewinde des Gewindeabsatzes 28 sowie das Innengewinde 27 der Mutter 26 vor Schmutz.On the axial side of the nut 26, which faces away from the flange 18, two sealing rings 35, 36 are also arranged, of which one 35 is held on the nut 26 and the other 36 on part of the bearing flange 37 of the housing 11. The two sealing rings 35, 36 together form a double labyrinth and protect the axial ball bearing 29 and the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 from dirt.

Der Mutter 26 ist eine von außen zugängliche und betätigbare Arretiereinrichtung 38 zugeordnet. Diese weist einen von einer Feder 39 belasteten und in die unwirksame Ausraststellung zurückgestellten Druckbolzen 40 auf, der in einer Führung 41 des Lagerflansches 37-bezogen auf die Spindel 10 radial- translatorisch verschiebbar gehalten und geführt ist. Der Druckbolzen 40 trägt am innen befindlichen Ende ein Arretierglied 42, das bei Betätigung der Arretiereinrichtung 38 die Mutter 26 gegen Drehung blockieren kann. Das Arretierglied 42 besteht hier aus einem etwa leistenartigen und am unteren Ende abgekröpften Finger 43. Dieser ist in einer Führung 44 gegen Kippen oder Drehen um die Achse des Druckbolzens 40 gesichert und geführt. Die Führung 44 ist z. B. durch zwei benachbarte Rippen 45, 46 des Gehäuses 11 gebildet. Den Rippen 45, 46 benachbarte Aussparungen 47, 48 sorgen dafür, daß die Translationsbewegung des Fingers 43, ausgelöst durch Verschiebung des Druckbolzens 40, nicht etwa durch Schmutz od. dgl. angelagerte Verunreinigungen blockiert wird.The nut 26 is associated with an externally accessible and actuatable locking device 38. This has a pressure pin 40 which is loaded by a spring 39 and returned to the inactive disengaging position and which is held and guided in a guide 41 of the bearing flange 37 in a translationally translatable manner with respect to the spindle 10. The pressure pin 40 carries at the inside end a locking member 42 which can block the nut 26 against rotation when the locking device 38 is actuated. The locking member 42 consists here of an approximately strip-like finger 43 bent at the lower end. This is secured and guided in a guide 44 against tilting or rotating about the axis of the pressure bolt 40. The guide 44 is z. B. formed by two adjacent ribs 45, 46 of the housing 11. Recesses 47, 48 adjacent to the ribs 45, 46 ensure that the translational movement of the finger 43, triggered by displacement of the pressure pin 40, is not blocked by dirt or the like.

Die Mutter 26 weist außen zumindest eine, zweckmäßigerweise mehrere in gleichen Umfangswinkelabständen voneinander angeordnete, Rastöffnungen 49, 50 auf, die nach außen und zum Finger 43 hin offen sind und den Abmessungen des Fingers 43 so angepaßt sind, daß der Finger 43 in die Rastöffnungen 49, 50 hineinpaßt, wenn der Druckbolzen 40 in Pfeilrichtung 51 von Hand eingedrückt wird.On the outside, the nut 26 has at least one, expediently a plurality of latching openings 49, 50 which are arranged at equal circumferential angular distances from one another and which are open towards the outside and towards the finger 43 and are adapted to the dimensions of the finger 43 such that the finger 43 enters the latching openings 49 , 50 fits into it when the pressure pin 40 is pressed in by hand in the direction of arrow 51.

Soll das Werkzeug 17 entfernt und gewechselt werden, so wird bei ausgeschaltetem Motor mit einer Hand der Druckbolzen 40 in Pfeilrichtung 51 von außen her bis auf Anschlag gedrückt und mit der anderen Hand am Werkzeug 17 angefaßt und dieses mitsamt der Spanneinrichtung einschließlich des Flanches 18, der Spindel 10 und der Mutter 26 solange gedreht, bis der Finger 43 in eine in seinen Bereich gelangende Rastöffnung 49 oder 50 einrastet, woraufhin die Mutter 26 bei dieser Drehung am Mitdrehen gehindert ist. Der Druckbolzen 40 wird dann in dieser eingerasteten Stellung von Hand gehalten. Gleichzeitig wird mit der anderen Hand am Werkzeug 17 ein Drehmoment entgegen dem Uhrzeigersinn ausgeübt. Dieses Drehmoment wird vom Werkzeug 17 über die Flansche 18, 19 auf die Spindel 10 und deren Gewindeabsatz 28 mit Steilgewinde übertragen. Wird nun das in dieser Weise von Hand ausgeübte Drehmoment größer als das Reibmoment im Steilgewinde einschließlich des Drehmoments der Drehfeder 30, so löst sich die Mutter 26 von ihrer Axialanlage am Axialkugellager 29 und verschiebt sich bei weiterer Drehung axial in einer dem Flansch 18 abgewandten Richtung bis hin zum Anschlag am Wellenbund 14. Dadurch wird das Axialkugellager 29 und mit ihm der Flansch 18 axial frei beweglich, so daß der zwischen beiden Flanschen 18 und 19 wirksame, das Werkzeug 17 festspannende Spanndruck abfällt und die Spannmutter 20 entspannt wird. Diese kann nun vollends von Hand vom Gewindeabsatz 15 abgeschraubt werden und hiernach das Werkzeug 17 ausgewechselt werden.If the tool 17 is to be removed and replaced, the pressure bolt 40 is pressed with one hand in the direction of arrow 51 from the outside up to the stop when the engine is switched off and is gripped with the other hand on the tool 17 and this together with the clamping device including the flange 18 Spindle 10 and the nut 26 rotated until the finger 43 in one latching opening 49 or 50 engaging its area, whereupon the nut 26 is prevented from rotating during this rotation. The pressure pin 40 is then held by hand in this locked position. At the same time, the other hand exerts a torque counterclockwise on the tool 17. This torque is transmitted from the tool 17 via the flanges 18, 19 to the spindle 10 and its threaded shoulder 28 with a steep thread. If the torque exerted by hand in this way is greater than the frictional torque in the steep thread, including the torque of the torsion spring 30, the nut 26 is released from its axial contact with the axial ball bearing 29 and, upon further rotation, moves axially in a direction away from the flange 18 towards the stop on the shaft collar 14. As a result, the axial ball bearing 29 and with it the flange 18 can move freely axially, so that the clamping pressure effective between the two flanges 18 and 19 and the tool 17 drops and the clamping nut 20 is relaxed. This can now be completely unscrewed from the threaded shoulder 15 by hand and the tool 17 can then be replaced.

Das Lösemoment am Umfang des Werkzeuges 17 ist abhängig vom Steigungswinkel des Steilgewindes am Gewindeabsatz 28 und der Mutter 26. Je größer dieser Steigungswinkel ist, umso kleiner ist das Lösemoment. Der Steigungswinkel ist dabei so festgelegt, daß das Steilgewinde des Gewindeabsatzes 28 und das Innengewinde 27 der Mutter 26 im sicheren Bereich der Selbsthemmung liegt, und zwar unter Berücksichtigung des Drehmoments der Drehfeder 30, das dem Lösemoment entgegenwirkt.The loosening torque on the circumference of the tool 17 depends on the helix angle of the high helix thread on the threaded shoulder 28 and the nut 26. The larger this helix angle, the smaller the loosening torque. The pitch angle is determined so that the steep thread of the threaded shoulder 28 and the internal thread 27 of the nut 26 is in the safe range of self-locking, taking into account the torque of the torsion spring 30, which counteracts the loosening torque.

Ist das Werkzeug 17 gegen ein anderes ausgewechselt worden und soll dieses gespannt werden, so wird wiederum in zuvor beschriebener Weise die Arretiereinrichtung 38 von Hand betätigt, so daß der Finger 43 in eine Rastöffnung 49, 50 der Mutter 26 eingreift. Mit der anderen Hand wird die Spannmutter 20 leicht angezogen und damit das neue Werkzeug 17 ebenfalls leicht festgezogen. Dies reicht aus, da beim nachfolgenden Einschalten des Motors sich das Werkzeug 17 im Betrieb dann von selbst festzieht.If the tool 17 has been exchanged for another and this is to be clamped, the locking device 38 is again actuated by hand in the manner described above, so that the finger 43 engages in a latching opening 49, 50 of the nut 26. With the other hand, the clamping nut 20 is slightly tightened and the new tool 17 is also slightly tightened. This is sufficient because when the engine is subsequently switched on, the tool 17 then automatically tightens during operation.

Das zwischen der Mutter 26 und dem Flansch 18 angeordnete Axialkugellager 29 hat den Vorteil, daß die zwischen beiden vorhandene Stirnreibung damit zu einer rollenden Reibung reduziert wird und somit praktisch vernachlässigbar klein ist.The arranged between the nut 26 and the flange 18 axial ball bearing 29 has the advantage that the existing front friction between the two is reduced to a rolling friction and is therefore practically negligible.

Die beschriebene Spanneinrichtung hat vielfältige Vorteile. Sie liegt im geschützten Bereich zwischen dem Werkzeug 17 und dem darüber verlaufenden Lagerflansch 37, wodurch die Gefahr einer etwaigen Beschädigung oder Beeinträchtigung beim bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch der Handwerkzeugmaschine gänzlich gebannt ist. Dabei ist mit einfachen Mitteln ein zuverlässiger Schutz gegen Schmutz, Staub und sonstige Verunreinigungen erzielt. Die Spanneinrichtung ist einfach und robust im Aufbau. Ein etwaiger Verschleiß an funktionswichtigen Teilen dieser ist auf ein Mindestmaß reduziert oder sogar völlig ausgeschaltet. Die Spanneinrichtung ist außerordentlich einfach, kostengünstig und schnell, sicher und leicht zu handhaben. Sie ermöglicht einen schnellen und sicheren Wechsel des Werkzeuges 17, ohne daß man hierzu etwaige zusätzliche besondere Werkzeuge benötigt. Es ist eine einfache und leichte Zweihandbedienung erreicht. Dabei wird die bei sonstigen. Maschinen vorhandene, genormte Spannmutter 20 unverändert beibehalten, ferner auch die Tatsache, daß der das Werkzeug 17 abstützende Flansch 18 mit der Spindel 10 einen drehfesten Formschluß hat. Damit wird entsprechenden diesbezüglichen Vorschriften entsprochen. Vorteilhaft ist außerdem, daß der Flansch 18 unverlierbar auf der Spindel 10 sitzt. Die Spanneinrichtung ist nicht auf Schleifscheiben als Werkzeug 17 beschränkt. Vielmehr können in gleicher Weise werkzeuglos auch sonstige Werkzeuge, z. B. Topfscheiben, Bürsten, Gummiteller od. dgl., gespannt werden.The clamping device described has many advantages. It lies in the protected area between the tool 17 and the bearing flange 37 running above it, which completely eliminates the risk of any damage or impairment when the handheld power tool is used as intended. Reliable protection against dirt, dust and other contaminants is achieved with simple means. The tensioning device is simple and robust in construction. Any wear and tear on functionally important parts is reduced to a minimum or even completely eliminated. The clamping device is extremely simple, inexpensive and fast, safe and easy to use. It enables a quick and safe change of the tool 17 without the need for any additional special tools. Simple and easy two-hand operation is achieved. The other. Machine existing, standard clamping nut 20 unchanged, as well as the fact that the flange 17 supporting the tool 17 with the spindle 10 has a non-rotatable form fit. This complies with the relevant regulations. It is also advantageous that the flange 18 is captive sits on the spindle 10. The clamping device is not limited to grinding wheels as a tool 17. Rather, other tools, e.g. B. pot washers, brushes, rubber plates or the like.

Arretiereinrichtungen für die Spindel von Winkelschleifern sind an sich bekannt. Jedoch befinden sich diese bei bekannten Handwerkzeugmaschinen im Getrieberaum. Die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung unterscheidet sich davon dadurch, daß die Arretiereinrichtung 38 statt dessen im Bereich des Lagerflansches 37 und des Kugellagers 13 angeordnet ist. Diese Verlegung der Spindelarretiereinrichtung hat den Vorteil, daß Abdichtprobleme entfallen, ferner am Tellerrad nötige Rastöffnungen für die formschlüssige Spindelarretierung entfallen, wodurch das Tellerrad wesentlich billiger wird, und auch die Gestaltung des Gehäuses 11 einfacher und kostengünstiger wird. Im übrigen ist die Beanspruchung der einzelnen Teile der Spindelarretierung wesentlich reduziert. Beim Lösen beträgt die Beanspruchung beispielsweise nur noch etwa 6 % derjenigen sonst bekannter Spindelarretiereinrichtungen. Dabei ist auch bei der erfindungsgemäßen Arretiereinrichtung 38 der Vorteil der seitlichen Anordnung des von auren zugänglichen Druckbolzens 40 beibehalten. Die Mutter 26 wird vor jedem Spannen des Werkzeuges 17 über die Arretiereinrichtung 38 zwangsläufig in die Ausgangslage zurückgebracht.Locking devices for the spindle of angle grinders are known per se. However, in known hand-held power tools, these are located in the gearbox. The design according to the invention differs from the fact that the locking device 38 is instead arranged in the region of the bearing flange 37 and the ball bearing 13. This relocation of the spindle locking device has the advantage that there are no sealing problems, furthermore there is no need for locking openings on the ring gear for the form-locking spindle locking, as a result of which the ring gear becomes much cheaper, and the design of the housing 11 becomes simpler and cheaper. In addition, the stress on the individual parts of the spindle lock is significantly reduced. When released, the stress is, for example, only about 6% of that of the otherwise known spindle locking devices. In the case of the locking device 38 according to the invention, the advantage of the lateral arrangement of the pressure bolt 40, which is accessible from the air, is also retained. Before each clamping of the tool 17, the nut 26 is inevitably returned to the starting position via the locking device 38.

Bei dem in Fig. 3 und 4 gezeigten zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel sind für die Teile, die dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel entsprechen, um 100 größere Bezugszeichen verwendet, so daß dadurch zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die Beschreibung des ersten Ausführungsbeispieles Bezug genommen ist.In the second exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the parts which correspond to the first exemplary embodiment have been provided with reference numerals 100 larger, so that reference is made to the description of the first exemplary embodiment in order to avoid repetition.

Das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich vom ersten Ausführungsbeispiel dadurch, daß der Ringteil 125, der als Stützelement für den Flansch 118 dient, aus einer Scheibe 152 besteht, die relativ zur Spindel 110 verschiebbar und drehbar ist. Die Spindel 110 ist statt des Gewindeabsatzes 28 beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in diesem Bereich mit einer durchgängigen zylindrischen äußeren Umfangsfläche versehen.The second exemplary embodiment differs from the first exemplary embodiment in that the ring part 125, which serves as a support element for the flange 118, consists of a disk 152 which is displaceable and rotatable relative to the spindle 110. Instead of the threaded shoulder 28 in the first exemplary embodiment, the spindle 110 is provided with a continuous cylindrical outer peripheral surface in this area.

Das beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel zwischen dem Ringteil 25 und der Mutter 26 axial angeordnete Axialkugellager entfällt beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel. Statt dessen ist auf der Axialseite der Scheibe 152, die dem Flansch 118 abgewandt ist, ein schematisch angedeutetes Axialkugellager 153 angeordnet, an dem die Scheibe 152 mit der zugewandten Axialseite abgestützt ist. Das Axialkugellager 153 ist seinerseits am Wellenbund 114 der Spindel 110 abgestützt.The axial ball bearing arranged axially between the ring part 25 and the nut 26 in the first embodiment is omitted in the second embodiment. Instead, a schematically indicated axial ball bearing 153 is arranged on the axial side of the disk 152, which faces away from the flange 118, on which the disk 152 is supported with the facing axial side. The axial ball bearing 153 is in turn supported on the shaft collar 114 of the spindle 110.

Die zylindrische Schutzhülse 134 ist hier fest an der Scheibe 152 angebracht. Sie überdeckt einen axialen Teil des Flansches 118, und dies mit Bewegungsspiel. Die Scheibe 152 und der Flansch 118 sind wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel mittels der Drehfeder 130 gekoppelt.The cylindrical protective sleeve 134 is firmly attached to the disk 152 here. It covers an axial part of the flange 118, and this with play. As in the first exemplary embodiment, the disk 152 and the flange 118 are coupled by means of the torsion spring 130.

Wie insbesondere aus Fig. 4 ersichtlich ist, weisen sowohl die Scheibe 152 als auch der Flansch 118 auf den axial einander zugewandten Stirnseiten z. B. drei in Umfangsrichtung in Abständen aufeinanderfolgende, linkssteigende Schrägflächen 152a bzw. 118a auf. Die Schrägflächen 152a, 118a sind axiale Keilflächen, mit denen der Flansch 118 und die Scheibe 152 axial aneinanderliegen, wie sich aus der Abwicklung gemäß Fig. 4 ergibt.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, both the disk 152 and the flange 118 on the axially facing end faces z. B. three circumferentially at successive left-handed inclined surfaces 152a and 118a. The inclined surfaces 152a, 118a are axial wedge surfaces with which the flange 118 and the disk 152 lie axially against one another, as is evident from the development according to FIG. 4.

Der Keilwinkel α dieser Schrägflächen 152a, 118a ist dabei derart groß gewählt, daß er im sicheren Bereich der Selbsthemmung liegt.The wedge angle α of these inclined surfaces 152a, 118a is chosen so large that it lies in the safe range of self-locking.

Die Drehfeder 130, die sich wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel mit einem Schenkelende 132 an der Scheibe 152 und mit ihrem anderen Schenkelende 131 am Flansch 118 abstützt, verdreht die Scheibe 152 und den Flansch 118 relativ zueinander so, daß beide Teile an den Schrägflächen 118a, 152a hochgleiten und dadurch axial auseinandergedrückt werden. Diese axiale Spreizbewegung wird in einer Richtung durch den Wellenbund 114 und in der anderen Richtung durch den Anschlag 133 in Form des Sprengringes der Spindel 110 begrenzt.The torsion spring 130, which is supported, as in the first exemplary embodiment, with one leg end 132 on the disk 152 and with its other leg end 131 on the flange 118, rotates the disk 152 and the flange 118 relative to one another in such a way that both parts on the inclined surfaces 118a, 152a slide up and thereby be pushed apart axially. This axial spreading movement is limited in one direction by the shaft collar 114 and in the other direction by the stop 133 in the form of the snap ring of the spindle 110.

Soll das Werkzeug 117 entfernt und gewechselt werden, so wird zunächst so, wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben worden ist, mittels der Arretiereinrichtung 138, die genauso wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gestaltet ist, die Scheibe 152 drehblockiert. Wird sodann mit der anderen Hand das Werkzeug 117 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn gedreht, so wird dabei auch der Flansch 118 und die Spindel 110 mitgenommen. Die Drehung des Flansches 118 im Gegenuhrzeigersinn bewirkt, daß die Schrägflächen 118a des Flansches 118 keilabwärts den Schrägflächen 152a der drehblockierten Scheibe 152 gleiten , was zu einer entsprechenden axialen Entspannung führt, woraufhin die Spannmutter 120 locker wird und vollends leicht von Hand abgeschraubt werden kann. Die Gleitbewegung des Flansches 118 mit den Schrägflächen 118a keilabwärts den Schrägflächen 152a wird begrenzt durch an die Schrägflächen anschließende, axial gegeneinander gerichtete Arretierflächen 154 der Scheibe 152 und 155 des Flansches 118. Diese Arretierflächen 154, 155 bilden Nockenstufen.If the tool 117 is to be removed and replaced, the disk 152 is first rotationally blocked as described in the first exemplary embodiment by means of the locking device 138, which is designed in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment. If the tool 117 is then rotated counterclockwise with the other hand, the flange 118 and the spindle 110 are also taken along. Rotation of the flange 118 counterclockwise causes the tapered surfaces 118a of the flange 118 to slide wedge down the tapered surfaces 152a of the rotationally locked washer 152, which results in a corresponding axial relaxation, whereupon the clamping nut 120 becomes loose and can be easily unscrewed by hand. The sliding movement of the flange 118 with the inclined surfaces 118a downward from the inclined surfaces 152a is limited by locking surfaces 154 of the washers 152 and 155 of the flange 118 adjoining the inclined surfaces. These locking surfaces 154, 155 form cam steps.

Sobald beim Lösen des Werkzeuges 117 das Lösedrehmoment an der Spindel 110 auf Null reduziert ist, ist die Drehfeder 130 in der Lage, den Flansch 118 relativ zur Scheibe 152 zu Drehen, so daß die Schrägflächen 118a des Flansches 118 auf den Schrägflächen 152a der Scheibe 152 keilaufwärts gleiten, wodurch die beiden Teile 152, 118 axial wieder auseinandergedrückt werden. In der auseinandergedrückten Stellung wird das Werkzeug 117 gespannt.As soon as the loosening torque on the spindle 110 is reduced to zero when the tool 117 is loosened, the torsion spring 130 is able to clamp the flange 118 relative to the disk 152 to rotate so that the inclined surfaces 118a of the flange 118 slide upward on the inclined surfaces 152a of the disc 152, whereby the two parts 152, 118 are axially pressed apart again. The tool 117 is clamped in the pressed-apart position.

Bei einem anderen, nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel befinden sich zwischen den Schrägflächen 118a, 152a Rollkörper, wodurch die Stirnreibung zwischen den Schrägflächen 118a, 152a noch reduziert wird.In another exemplary embodiment, not shown, there are rolling bodies between the inclined surfaces 118a, 152a, as a result of which the frontal friction between the inclined surfaces 118a, 152a is further reduced.

Claims (14)

1. Clamping device for releasably fixing a tool, in particular a disc, on a driven spindle (10, 110), characterised in that the tool (17, 117) can be clamped axially in position between two flanges (18, 19; 118, 119), in which arrangement one flange (18; 118) is held in an axially displaceable manner on the spindle (10; 110), is coupled to the spindle in such a way as to transmit torque and can be relieved of the clamping pressure for the tool by means of a supporting element which secures it against axial displacement on the spindle and is in the form of an annular part (25; 125) which, on the side of the flange (18; 118) remote from the tool (17; 117), is held on the spindle (10; 110) in such a way as to be moveable relative thereto and is coupled to the flange (18; 118) by means of a torsion spring (30; 130), of which one end (32; 132) acts on the annular part (25; 125) and the other end (31; 131) acts on the flange (18; 118), and in that a locking device (38; 138) accessible and actuable from outside is allocated to the annular part (25; 125), which locking device (38; 138) has a locking member (42; 142) which is blocked against rotation when the annular part (25; 125) is actuated, and in that the annular part (25) consists of a nut (26) which has a right-hand coarse thread (27) and is screwed onto a threaded step (28), provided with a corresponding coarse thread, of the spindle (10).
2. Clamping device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the lead angle of the coarse gearing [sic] (27, 28) is selected to be of such a size that the coarse thread lies in the safe self-locking range.
3. Clamping device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that an axial bearing, in particular an axial ball bearing (29), is arranged axially between the flange (18) and the nut (26), via which axial ball bearing (29) the flange (18) is supported on the nut (26).
4. Clamping device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the annular part (25) [sic] is designed as a disc (52) [sic] which is displaceable and rotatable relative to the spindle (10) [sic] and, on the axial side remote from the flange (18) [sic], is supported on a collar (114) of the spindle (10) [sic] by means of an axial bearing (153), in particular an axial ball bearing.
5. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the flange (18; 118) is axially displaceable on the spindle (10; 110) and is coupled by means of a slot-and-key joint to the spindle (10; 110) in such a way as to transmit torque.
6. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the axial displacement travel of the flange (18; 118) in the direction away from the annular part (25; 125) is limited by means of a stop (33; 133), in particular a snap ring, on the spindle (10; 110).
7. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the axial movement of the annular part (25; 125) relative to the spindle (10; 110) and in the direction away from the flange (18; 118) is limited by means of a stop on the spindle (10; 110), and in that the stop is preferably formed by a collar (14; 114) of the spindle (10; 110), the other axial side of which collar (14; 114) is designed as an abutment surface for a ball bearing (13; 113) mounting the spindle (10; 110) in a housing flange (37; 137).
8. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised by a cylindrical protective sleeve (34; 134) which extends axially over at least one area of both the flange (18; 118) and of the annular part (25; 125) and protectively covers in this area the flange (18; 118), the annular part (25; 125) and the axial intermediate area between the two.
9. Clamping device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the cylindrical protective sleeve (34) is fastened to the flange (18) and axially overlaps the annular part (25) with clearance of motion, or visa versa.
10. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that two sealing rings (35, 36) forming a double labyrinth are arranged on the axial side of the annular part (25; 125) which is remote from the flange (18; 118).
11. Clamping device according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the locking device (38; 138) has a spring-loaded thrust bolt (40) which is accommodated and guided in the housing (11, 37) in such a way as to be displaceable in a translatory manner.
12. Clamping device according to Claim 11, characterised in that the bolt (40) carries the locking member (42; 142) at the end located on the inside.
13. Clamping device according to Claim 12, characterised in that the locking member (42; 142) is formed from a finger (43), and the annular part (25) has at least one catch opening (49, 50) which is open to the outside and towards the finger (43) and in which the finger (43) can engage in a positive-locking manner when the locking device (38; 138) is actuated.
14. Clamping device according to Claim 13, characterised in that the finger (43) is secured against rotation and guided in a guide (44) of the housing (11, 37), which guide (44) is formed, for example by two adjacent ribs (45, 46).
EP19870907740 1986-12-24 1987-12-05 Clamping device for releasably holding a tool, in particular a disk Expired - Lifetime EP0339027B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87907740T ATE69572T1 (en) 1986-12-24 1987-12-05 CLAMPING DEVICE FOR DETACHABLE FIXING OF A TOOL, ESPECIALLY A DISC.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3644441 1986-12-24
DE19863644441 DE3644441A1 (en) 1986-12-24 1986-12-24 TENSIONING DEVICE FOR DETACHABLE FASTENING OF A TOOL, IN PARTICULAR A DISC

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0339027A1 EP0339027A1 (en) 1989-11-02
EP0339027B1 true EP0339027B1 (en) 1991-11-21

Family

ID=6317198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870907740 Expired - Lifetime EP0339027B1 (en) 1986-12-24 1987-12-05 Clamping device for releasably holding a tool, in particular a disk

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5022188A (en)
EP (1) EP0339027B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02501722A (en)
AT (1) ATE69572T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8707927A (en)
DE (2) DE3644441A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2006016A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1988004976A1 (en)

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US10818450B2 (en) 2017-06-14 2020-10-27 Black & Decker Inc. Paddle switch

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0339027A1 (en) 1989-11-02
JPH02501722A (en) 1990-06-14
US5022188A (en) 1991-06-11
DE3774716D1 (en) 1992-01-02
BR8707927A (en) 1989-10-31
ATE69572T1 (en) 1991-12-15
DE3644441A1 (en) 1988-07-07
ES2006016A6 (en) 1989-04-01
WO1988004976A1 (en) 1988-07-14

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