EP0334864B1 - Clamping device for axially tightening a tool, especially a disk - Google Patents

Clamping device for axially tightening a tool, especially a disk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334864B1
EP0334864B1 EP87907667A EP87907667A EP0334864B1 EP 0334864 B1 EP0334864 B1 EP 0334864B1 EP 87907667 A EP87907667 A EP 87907667A EP 87907667 A EP87907667 A EP 87907667A EP 0334864 B1 EP0334864 B1 EP 0334864B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clamping
tool
fork
nut
fixture according
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EP87907667A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0334864A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Stäbler
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B45/00—Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors
    • B24B45/006—Quick mount and release means for disc-like wheels, e.g. on power tools

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a clamping device for axially clamping a tool, in particular a disk, according to the generic preamble of the main claim.
  • Clamping devices of this type are particularly suitable for portable hand-held machine tools and, in particular, for grinding machines.
  • a tensioning device of the type mentioned is known (DE-PS 30 12 836), in which the tensioning element consists of an element which is approximately hat-shaped in cross section and is axially supported by a helical spring against the flange of the tensioning nut.
  • the hat-shaped clamping element When the clamping nut is screwed on and tightened, the hat-shaped clamping element is pressed axially against the tool via the axially compressed spring, thereby tightening the tool against the spindle-side flange, the end face of a cylinder shoulder of the clamping nut coming directly into contact with a facing axial side of the spindle-side flange and when further tightening the clamping nut, the spindle-side flange is tightened together with the clamping nut.
  • the aim of this is to achieve the grinding wheel with an angle grinder clamp the defined contact pressure and ensure this contact pressure.
  • This clamping device is also intended to enable the grinding wheel to be replaced quickly and easily and at the same time to avoid overloading the hand-held power tool, in particular the angle grinder.
  • the clamping nut can still be conventional, for example in accordance with standards, so that a key can still be attached for particularly stubborn cases, for example with a rusting clamping nut, and the clamping nut can be loosened with this auxiliary tool.
  • Fig. 1 the lower part of a e.g. Shown as an angle grinder, portable hand-held power tool, which has a motor-driven spindle 10, which at the end merges via an annular shoulder 11 into a cylindrical shoulder 12 of smaller diameter and then into an end threaded shoulder 13 with an external thread 14.
  • the spindle 10 serves to drive a tool 15 which e.g. from the indicated grinding wheel or another tool disc, a rubber plate or the like.
  • the tool 15 is clamped and clamped between a flange 16 and a clamping nut 17.
  • the flange 16 is axially supported on the annular shoulder 11 and centered radially on the cylindrical shoulder 12. It is positively coupled to the spindle 10.
  • the clamping nut 17 has a flange 18 and a cylindrical sleeve part 19 extending therefrom and is provided with a continuous internal thread 20 with which the clamping nut 17 is screwed onto the external thread 14 of the threaded shoulder 13.
  • the tool 15 is centered on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder sleeve part 19 during fastening.
  • a clamping member 21 is arranged, which here consists of a clamping fork 22.
  • the clamping fork 22 has two curved fork legs 23, 24, which together form an approximately semicircular curved part, from which a handling nose 25 strives.
  • Fig. 1 only the ends 26 and 27 of both fork legs 23, 24 are visible.
  • This clamping member 21 can be acted upon by the clamping nut 17 with an axially directed compressive force and is able to press axially against the tool 15 and to press it against the axial end face of the flange 16.
  • the clamping member 21 in the form of the special clamping fork 22 is held movably relative to the clamping nut 17 between a clamping position shown in FIG. 1 and a release position, not shown.
  • Each end 26, 27 of the fork leg 23, 24 has an axially directed pressure surface 28 and 29, respectively, which drops axially in the direction of movement from the clamping position (FIG. 1) to the release position.
  • the tensioning member 21 in the form of the tensioning fork 22 is held on the tensioning nut 17 such that it can pivot about a preferably diametrical pivot axis 30 by means of bearing pins 31 or 32.
  • the respective pressure surface 28 or 29 is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis 30. If the clamping fork 22 is in its clamping position according to FIG. 1, which corresponds approximately to the horizontal pivot position according to FIG. 3, the part of the pressure surface 28 or 29 with the greatest eccentricity e max, based on the pivot axis 30, is effective.
  • the respective pressure surface 28, 29 has a flattening 34 or 35 (FIG. 3), for example in the area of greatest eccentricity e max, or instead a surface part with already reduced eccentricity. This ensures a stable clamping position about the pivot axis 30 when the clamping fork 22 is in the clamping position according to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the clamping nut 17 can act axially directly on the tool 15 with the pressure surfaces 28, 29 of the clamping fork 22.
  • a better pressure distribution in the circumferential direction is achieved if an intermediate member in the form of a thrust washer 36 is arranged between the tool 15 and the pressure surfaces 28, 29, which in turn is acted upon by the eccentric pressure surfaces 28, 29 and has an end face axially against the tool 15 presses.
  • the thrust washer 36 is also centered on the cylinder sleeve part 19 of the clamping nut 17 and is axially movable.
  • Openings 38 and 39 are contained in the flange 18 along the pivot axis 30 and diametrically opposite one another, in which at least the ends 26 and 27 of the fork legs 23 and 24 are received. If the ends 26, 27 of each fork leg 23 or 24 are bent correspondingly far away from it, the clamping fork 22 can be in the clamping position according to FIGS. 1, 3 on the end face 40 pointing downward in FIG.
  • FIGS. 2 and 4 Another advantageous embodiment results from FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • depressions 41, 42 are contained, which are dimensioned so wide and deep that, when the clamping fork 22 is in the clamping position, the two curved fork legs 23, 24 find place in the recess 41 and their handling lug 25 in the recess 42 so that the clamping fork 22 does not project axially beyond the lower end face 40 of the clamping nut 17.
  • Fig. 1 shows the clamping device in the clamping position, in which the tool 15 is clamped axially on the flange 16 via the clamping nut 17 with a clamping fork 22 and via the thrust washer 36.
  • the clamping fork 22 is first pivoted downward about the pivot axis 30 in FIGS. 1 and 3 by engaging the handling nose 25 in the direction of the arrow 33.
  • the pressure surface 28, 29 slides along the facing end surface of the pressure plate 36, the surface area of greatest eccentricity e max being swung away and a surface area with a decreasing eccentricity depending on the swivel angle reaching up to e min in this area.
  • This has the consequence that the internal thread 20 and external thread 14 are relaxed and thus the axial clamping force acting on the tool 15 from the clamping nut 17 is reduced so far that afterwards the clamping nut 17 can be completely unscrewed from the threaded shoulder 13 by hand.
  • the tendon 21, which is now pivoted into the release position, can facilitate the unscrewing movement by touching it to unscrew it.
  • the procedure is as follows. First, the flange 16 is pushed onto the spindle 10. Then the new tool 15 is inserted together with the pressure plate 36 and then the clamping nut 17 is placed and screwed onto the threaded shoulder 13. Your cylinder sleeve part 19 passes through the tool 15 and the thrust washer 36, which are centered thereon.
  • the clamping nut 17 is screwed on, the clamping fork 22 is pivoted into its clamping position according to FIGS. 1, 3, in which it is kept stable due to the flats 34, 35.
  • the clamping nut 17 continues to tighten itself as usual.
  • the clamping device described is extremely simple, inexpensive and fast, safe and easy to use. It allows a quick and safe change of the tool 15 without the need for additional special tools. Another advantage is that existing hand tool machines, in particular grinding machines, can be retrofitted with this clamping device without any other modifications. For this purpose, it is generally only necessary to replace their clamping nut by the clamping nut 17 according to the invention with the pressure washer 36. It is also advantageous that when the clamping fork 22 is transferred from the clamping position according to FIG. 1 into the release position, no torque is exerted on the spindle 10, so that handheld power tools equipped with such a clamping device no longer require an integrated spindle locking device.
  • the clamping nut 17 is, moreover, designed so that, if necessary, it can also be attacked by a special tool, e.g. in the form of a two-hole nut driver, so that the clamping nut 17 in particularly stubborn cases, e.g. in the rusted state, can also be solved in the usual way using such an auxiliary tool.
  • a special tool e.g. in the form of a two-hole nut driver
  • the clamping device described is suitable for clamping all possible tools 15 and in connection with various types of hand tools. It is particularly suitable for grinding machines, e.g. Angle grinder, and thereby for clamping disc-shaped tools 15.
  • the printing surface 28, 29 is e.g. each provided on a rolling element of the tendon.
  • the rolling element can e.g. consist of an eccentric role.
  • the tension member 21 is designed as a tension fork 22 according to the first embodiment.
  • rolling friction e.g. multiple roles, e.g. Needle body, which are axially acted upon by the pressure surfaces 28, 29 during the movement of the tension member 21 and allow rolling friction instead of sliding friction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE87/00555 Sec. 371 Date May 26, 1989 Sec. 102(e) Date May 26, 1989 PCT Filed Nov. 28, 1987 PCT Pub. No. WO88/04596 PCT Pub. Date Jun. 30, 1988.A clamping device for portable grinding machines comprising a clamping nut which can be screwed on to the end-side threaded step (13) of the drive spindle (10) to clamp a grinding disk (15) in place. The clamping nut carries a clamping fork (22) which, with its fork leg ends (26, 27), is held so as to be movable about a diametral pivot axis (30) between a clamping position and a loosened position. The ends (26, 27) are provided with eccentric pressing surfaces (28, 29) which decrease with regard to the eccentricity during the pivoting from the clamping position to the release position and act axially on the grinding disk (15) via a pressing disk (36). For releasing, the clamping fork (22) is pivoted about the pivot axis, surface areas of decreasing eccentricity of the pressing surfaces (28, 29) becoming effective. In the process, the thread (14, 20) is relieved and the clamping nut loosened, which can be fully unscrewed manually by taking hold of the clamping fork (22). This enables a grinding disk to be changed quickly and safely without a tool (FIG. 1).

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Spanneinrichtung zum axialen Festspannen eines Werkzeuges, insbesondere einer Scheibe, nach dem gattungsbildenden Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs. Derartige Spannvorrichtungen sind vor allem für tragbare Handwerkzeugmaschinen und hierbei insbesondere für Schleifmaschinen geeignet. Es ist eine Spanneinrichtung genannter Art bekannt (DE-PS 30 12 836), bei der das Spannglied aus einem im Querschnitt etwa hutförmigen Element besteht, das axial über eine Schraubenfeder gegen den Flansch der Spannmutter abgestützt ist. Beim Aufschrauben und Festziehen der Spannmutter wird über die axial zusammengedrückte Feder das hutförmige Spannelement axial gegen das Werkzeug angedrückt und dadurch das Werkzeug gegen den spindelseitigen Flansch festgezogen, wobei die Stirnseite eines Zylinderansatzes der Spannmutter unmittelbar an einer zugewandten Axialseite des spindelseitigen Flansches zur Anlage kommt und beim weiteren Festziehen der Spannmutter der spindelseitige Flansch zusammen mit der Spannmutter festgezogen wird. Dadurch soll erreicht werden, bei einem Winkelschleifer die Schleifscheibe mit definiertem Anpreßdruck einzuspannen und diesen Anspreßdruck sicherzustellen. Diese Spanneinrichtung soll auch ein rasches und einfaches Auswechseln der Schleifscheibe ermöglichen und zugleich eine Überlastung der Handwerkzeugmaschine, insbesondere des Winkelschleifers, vermeiden. Wird nämlich das an der Schleifscheibe angreifende Drehmoment zu groß, so bleibt die Schleifscheibe stehen, während der Flansch sowie die Spannmutter mit Spannglied eine Relativbewegung dazu ausführen. Mit dieser Spanneinrichtung wird dem Effekt entgegengewirkt, daß im Betrieb die Spannmutter sich von selbst weiter festzieht, was sonst das Lösen der Spannmutter beim Wechsel der Schleifscheibe erheblich erschwert. Dennoch ist hierbei ein Lösen der Spannmutter nur unter Zuhilfenahme eines besonderen Hilfswerkzeuges möglich, wobei je nach Ausbildung der Maschine die Spindel mit einem zweiten Hilfswerkzeug, z.B. Schraubenschlüssel,entsprechend gegengehalten werden muß.The invention relates to a clamping device for axially clamping a tool, in particular a disk, according to the generic preamble of the main claim. Clamping devices of this type are particularly suitable for portable hand-held machine tools and, in particular, for grinding machines. A tensioning device of the type mentioned is known (DE-PS 30 12 836), in which the tensioning element consists of an element which is approximately hat-shaped in cross section and is axially supported by a helical spring against the flange of the tensioning nut. When the clamping nut is screwed on and tightened, the hat-shaped clamping element is pressed axially against the tool via the axially compressed spring, thereby tightening the tool against the spindle-side flange, the end face of a cylinder shoulder of the clamping nut coming directly into contact with a facing axial side of the spindle-side flange and when further tightening the clamping nut, the spindle-side flange is tightened together with the clamping nut. The aim of this is to achieve the grinding wheel with an angle grinder clamp the defined contact pressure and ensure this contact pressure. This clamping device is also intended to enable the grinding wheel to be replaced quickly and easily and at the same time to avoid overloading the hand-held power tool, in particular the angle grinder. If the torque acting on the grinding wheel becomes too large, the grinding wheel stops, while the flange and the clamping nut with the clamping element execute a relative movement. This clamping device counteracts the effect that the clamping nut continues to tighten itself during operation, which otherwise makes it considerably more difficult to loosen the clamping nut when changing the grinding wheel. Nevertheless, loosening the clamping nut is only possible with the help of a special auxiliary tool, and depending on the design of the machine, the spindle must be countered accordingly with a second auxiliary tool, for example a wrench.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Spanneinrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs ergeben sich folgende Vorteile. Es wird ein Werkzeugwechsel ohne jegliches Hilfswerkzeug ermöglicht, der sich im übrigen schnell und sicher durchführen läßt. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß auch bereits vorhandene Handwerkzeugmaschinen ohne besonderen Umbau umgerüstet werden können. Hierzu reicht z.B. ein einfacher Austausch der Spannmutter. Da beim Überführen des Spanngliedes von der Spannstellung in die Lösestellung die axiale Spannkraft der Spanneinrichtung reduziert und so weit weggenommen wird, daß keine Axialkraft mehr auf das Gewinde wirkt, ist die Spindel in der Lösestellung beim weiteren Abschrauben der Spannmutter von Hand nicht mehr mit einem Drehmoment belastet. Es ist lediglich die Gewindereibung des entspannten Gewindes zu überwinden. Deswegen bedarf es maschinenseitig keiner besonderen Spindelarretiereinrichtung, wie sie sonst bei bestimmten Handwerkzeugmaschinen vorhanden ist.Wo diese fehlt, muß man nicht mit einem zusätzlichen Hilfswerkzeug, z.B. Schlüssel, beim Abschrauben der Spannmutter spindelseitig dagegenhalten. Bei allem kann die Spannmutter nach wie vor herkömmlich, z.B. normgemäß, ausgebildet sein, so daß immer noch für besonders hartnäckige Fälle, z.B. bei festgerosteter Spannmutter, ein Schlüssel angesetzt und die Spannmutter mit diesem Hilfswerkzeug gelöst werden kann.The following advantages result from the tensioning device according to the invention with the features of the main claim. A tool change is made possible without any auxiliary tool, which, moreover, can be carried out quickly and safely. Another advantage is that existing handheld power tools can be converted without special modifications. A simple exchange of the clamping nut is sufficient for this. Since the axial clamping force of the clamping device is reduced and removed so far that no axial force acts on the thread when the tendon is transferred from the clamping position to the release position, the spindle in the release position is no longer with a torque when the clamping nut is unscrewed further by hand charged. Only the thread friction of the relaxed thread has to be overcome. That is why it is required on the machine side no special spindle locking device, as is otherwise available with certain hand-held power tools. If this is missing, you do not have to hold it against the spindle with an additional auxiliary tool, e.g. a key, when unscrewing the clamping nut. For everything, the clamping nut can still be conventional, for example in accordance with standards, so that a key can still be attached for particularly stubborn cases, for example with a rusting clamping nut, and the clamping nut can be loosened with this auxiliary tool.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Merkmale sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Spanneinrichtung möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the tensioning device specified in the main claim are possible due to the features listed in the subclaims.

Der vollständige Wortlaut der Ansprüche ist vorstehend allein zur Vermeidung unnötiger Wiederholungen nicht wiedergegeben, sondern statt dessen lediglich durch Nennung der Anspruchsnummer darauf Bezug genommen, wodurch jedoch alle diese Anspruchsmerkmale als an dieser Stelle ausdrücklich und erfindungswesentlich offenbart zu gelten haben.The full wording of the claims is not reproduced above solely in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, but instead is referred to instead only by mentioning the claim number, whereby, however, all of these claim features are to be regarded as being expressly disclosed at this point and essential to the invention.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen schematischen axialen Längsschnitt einer Spanneinrichtung als Teil eines Winkelschleifers mit eingespannter Schleifscheibe,
Fig. 2
eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht lediglich der Spannmutter der Spanneinrichtung,
Fig. 3
eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht lediglich des Spanngliedes,
Fig. 4
eine schematische Unteransicht der Spannmutter in Pfeilrichtung IV in Fig. 2.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic axial longitudinal section of a clamping device as part of an angle grinder with a clamped grinding wheel,
Fig. 2
2 shows a schematic perspective view of only the clamping nut of the clamping device,
Fig. 3
a schematic perspective view of only the tendon,
Fig. 4
2 shows a schematic bottom view of the clamping nut in the direction of arrow IV in FIG. 2.

Beschreibung des AusführungsbeispielesDescription of the embodiment

In Fig. 1 ist schematisch der untere Teil einer z.B. als Winkelschleifer gestalteten, tragbaren Handwerkzeugmaschine gezeigt, die eine motorisch und über ein Getriebe angetriebene Spindel 10 aufweist, die am Ende über eine Ringschulter 11 in einen zylindrischen Absatz 12 kleineren Durchmessers und sodann in einen endseitigen Gewindeabsatz 13 mit Außengewinde 14 übergeht. Die Spindel 10 dient zum Antrieb eines Werkzeuges 15, das z.B. aus der angedeuteten Schleifscheibe oder einer anderen Werkzeugscheibe, einem Gummiteller od.dgl. besteht. Das Werkzeug 15 ist zwischen einem Flansch 16 und einer Spannmutter 17 eingespannt und festgespannt. Der Flansch 16 ist axial an der Ringschulter 11 abgestützt und radial auf dem zylindrischen Absatz 12 zentriert. Er ist formschlüssig mit der Spindel 10 gekuppelt.In Fig. 1 the lower part of a e.g. Shown as an angle grinder, portable hand-held power tool, which has a motor-driven spindle 10, which at the end merges via an annular shoulder 11 into a cylindrical shoulder 12 of smaller diameter and then into an end threaded shoulder 13 with an external thread 14. The spindle 10 serves to drive a tool 15 which e.g. from the indicated grinding wheel or another tool disc, a rubber plate or the like. consists. The tool 15 is clamped and clamped between a flange 16 and a clamping nut 17. The flange 16 is axially supported on the annular shoulder 11 and centered radially on the cylindrical shoulder 12. It is positively coupled to the spindle 10.

Die Spannmutter 17 weist einen Flansch 18 und einen davon abgehenden Zylinderhülsenteil 19 auf und ist mit einem durchgängigen Innengewinde 20 versehen, mit dem die Spannmutter 17 auf das Außengewinde 14 des Gewindeabsatzes 13 aufgeschraubt ist. Auf der äußeren Umfangsfläche des Zylinderhülsenteiles 19 ist beim Befestigen das Werkzeug 15 zentriert.The clamping nut 17 has a flange 18 and a cylindrical sleeve part 19 extending therefrom and is provided with a continuous internal thread 20 with which the clamping nut 17 is screwed onto the external thread 14 of the threaded shoulder 13. The tool 15 is centered on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder sleeve part 19 during fastening.

Im Axialbereich zwischen dem Werkzeug 15 einerseits und der Spannmutter 17 andererseits ist ein Spannglied 21 angeordnet, das hier aus einer Spanngabel 22 besteht. Die Spanngabel 22 hat beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel (Fig. 3) zwei jeweils bogenförmige Gabelschenkel 23, 24, die zusammen einen etwa halbkreisförmigen Bogenteil bilden, von dem eine Handhabungsnase 25 abstrebt. In Fig. 1 sind von beiden Gabelschenkeln 23, 24 lediglich deren Enden 26 bzw. 27 sichtbar. Dieses Spannglied 21 ist von der Spannmutter 17 her mit einer axial gerichteten Druckkraft beaufschlagbar und in der Lage, axial gegen das Werkzeug 15 zu drücken und dieses gegen die axiale Stirnseite des Flansches 16 anzupressen.In the axial area between the tool 15 on the one hand and the clamping nut 17 on the other hand, a clamping member 21 is arranged, which here consists of a clamping fork 22. In the exemplary embodiment shown (FIG. 3), the clamping fork 22 has two curved fork legs 23, 24, which together form an approximately semicircular curved part, from which a handling nose 25 strives. In Fig. 1, only the ends 26 and 27 of both fork legs 23, 24 are visible. This clamping member 21 can be acted upon by the clamping nut 17 with an axially directed compressive force and is able to press axially against the tool 15 and to press it against the axial end face of the flange 16.

Das Spannglied 21 in Form der besonderen Spanngabel 22 ist relativ zur Spannmutter 17 zwischen einer in Fig. 1 gezeigten Spannstellung und einer nicht gezeigten Lösestellung beweglich gehalten. Es weist je Ende 26, 27 des Gabelschenkels 23, 24 eine axial gerichtete Druckfläche 28 bzw. 29 auf, die in Bewegungsrichtung von der Spannstellung (Fig. 1) zur Lösestellung axial abfällt.The clamping member 21 in the form of the special clamping fork 22 is held movably relative to the clamping nut 17 between a clamping position shown in FIG. 1 and a release position, not shown. Each end 26, 27 of the fork leg 23, 24 has an axially directed pressure surface 28 and 29, respectively, which drops axially in the direction of movement from the clamping position (FIG. 1) to the release position.

Beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Spannglied 21 in Form der Spanngabel 22 um eine vorzugsweise diametrale Schwenkachse 30 mittels Lagerstiften 31 bzw. 32 an der Spannmutter 17 schwenkbeweglich gehalten. Die jeweilige Druckfläche 28 bzw. 29 ist in Bezug auf die Schwenkachse 30 exzentrisch. Befindet sich die Spanngabel 22 in ihrer Spannstellung gemäß Fig. 1 , die etwa der waagerechten Schwenklage gemäß Fig. 3 entspricht, so ist der Teil der Druckfläche 28 bzw. 29 mit größter Exzentrizität e max, bezogen auf die Schwenkachse 30, wirksam. Wird dagegen die Spanngabel 22 bezogen auf Fig. 1 nach unten und in Pfeilrichtung 33 um die Schwenkachse 30 in die Lösestellung geschwenkt, so wird der Teil größter Exzentrizität der Druckfläche 28, 29 wegbewegt und es gelangt der Teil der Druckfläche 28, 29 in Funktion, der eine mit zunehmendem Schwenkwinkel abnehmende Exzentrizität bis hin zur minimalen Exzentrizität e min aufweist.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the tensioning member 21 in the form of the tensioning fork 22 is held on the tensioning nut 17 such that it can pivot about a preferably diametrical pivot axis 30 by means of bearing pins 31 or 32. The respective pressure surface 28 or 29 is eccentric with respect to the pivot axis 30. If the clamping fork 22 is in its clamping position according to FIG. 1, which corresponds approximately to the horizontal pivot position according to FIG. 3, the part of the pressure surface 28 or 29 with the greatest eccentricity e max, based on the pivot axis 30, is effective. If, on the other hand, the clamping fork 22 is pivoted downward and in the direction of arrow 33 about the pivot axis 30 into the release position, the part of greatest eccentricity of the pressure surface 28, 29 is moved away and the part of the pressure surface 28, 29 comes into operation. which has an eccentricity that decreases with increasing swivel angle down to the minimum eccentricity e min.

Die jeweilige Druckfläche 28, 29 weist etwa im Flächenbereich größter Exzentrizität e max eine Abflachung 34 bzw. 35 (Fig. 3) oder statt dessen einen Flächenteil mit bereits wieder reduzierter Exzentrizität auf. Dadurch ist bei in der Spannstellung gemäß Fig. 1 und 3 befindlicher Spanngabel 22 eine um die Schwenkachse 30 stabile Spannstellung dieser sichergestellt.The respective pressure surface 28, 29 has a flattening 34 or 35 (FIG. 3), for example in the area of greatest eccentricity e max, or instead a surface part with already reduced eccentricity. This ensures a stable clamping position about the pivot axis 30 when the clamping fork 22 is in the clamping position according to FIGS. 1 and 3.

Prinzipiell kann die Spannmutter 17 mit den Druckflächen 28, 29 der Spanngabel 22 das Werkzeug 15 unmittelbar axial beaufschlagen. Eine bessere Druckverteilung in Umfangsrichtung ist dann erreicht, wenn zwischen dem Werkzeug 15 und den Druckflächen 28, 29 noch ein Zwischenglied in Gestalt einer Druckscheibe 36 angeordnet ist, die ihrerseits von den exzentrischen Druckflächen 28, 29 beaufschlagt wird und mit einer Stirnseite axial gegen das Werkzeug 15 drückt. Die Druckscheibe 36 ist ebenfalls auf dem Zylinderhülsenteil 19 der Spannmutter 17 zentriert und axial beweglich geführt.In principle, the clamping nut 17 can act axially directly on the tool 15 with the pressure surfaces 28, 29 of the clamping fork 22. A better pressure distribution in the circumferential direction is achieved if an intermediate member in the form of a thrust washer 36 is arranged between the tool 15 and the pressure surfaces 28, 29, which in turn is acted upon by the eccentric pressure surfaces 28, 29 and has an end face axially against the tool 15 presses. The thrust washer 36 is also centered on the cylinder sleeve part 19 of the clamping nut 17 and is axially movable.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich ist, steht jedes Ende 26, 27 des Gabelschenkels 23 bzw. 24 mit der exzentrischen Druckfläche 28 bzw. 29 in Axialrichtung über die zum Werkzeug 15 weisende Stirnfläche 37 des Flansches 18 der Spannmutter 17 über, so daß die Spannmutter 17 allein mit dieser Druckfläche 28, 29 axiale Druckkraft über die Druckscheibe 36 auf das Werkzeug 15 ausübt. Im Flansch 18 sind längs der Schwenkachse 30 und einander diametral gegenüberliegend Durchbrüche 38 und 39 enthalten, in denen zumindest die Enden 26 bzw. 27 der Gabelschenkel 23 bzw. 24 aufgenommen sind. Sofern die Enden 26, 27 jedes Gabelschenkels 23 bzw. 24 entsprechend weit von diesem abgekröpft sind, kann die Spanngabel 22 in der Spannstellung gemäß Fig.1, 3 auf der in Fig. 1 nach unten weisenden Stirnfläche 40 der Spannmutter 17 aufliegen und über diese Stirnfläche 40 nach unten vorstehen, sofern dies nicht weiter stört. Eine andere, vorteilhafte Ausbildung ergibt sich aus Fig.2 und 4. Hierbei sind in der Stirnfläche 40 der Spannmutter 17 Vertiefungen 41, 42 enthalten, die so breit und tief bemessen sind, daß bei in Spannstellung befindlicher Spanngabel 22 deren beide bogenförmige Gabelschenkel 23, 24 in der Vertiefung 41 und deren Handhabungsnase 25 in der Vertiefung 42 Platz finden, so daß die Spanngabel 22 nicht axial über die untere Stirnfläche 40 der Spannmutter 17 übersteht.As can be seen from Fig. 1, each end 26, 27 of the fork legs 23 and 24 with the eccentric pressure surface 28 and 29 in the axial direction over the end face 37 facing the tool 37 of the flange 18 of the clamping nut 17, so that the clamping nut 17 with this pressure surface 28, 29 exerts axial pressure on the pressure plate 36 on the tool 15. Openings 38 and 39 are contained in the flange 18 along the pivot axis 30 and diametrically opposite one another, in which at least the ends 26 and 27 of the fork legs 23 and 24 are received. If the ends 26, 27 of each fork leg 23 or 24 are bent correspondingly far away from it, the clamping fork 22 can be in the clamping position according to FIGS. 1, 3 on the end face 40 pointing downward in FIG. 1 the clamping nut 17 rest and protrude downward over this end face 40, provided that this does not further interfere. Another advantageous embodiment results from FIGS. 2 and 4. Here, in the end face 40 of the clamping nut 17, depressions 41, 42 are contained, which are dimensioned so wide and deep that, when the clamping fork 22 is in the clamping position, the two curved fork legs 23, 24 find place in the recess 41 and their handling lug 25 in the recess 42 so that the clamping fork 22 does not project axially beyond the lower end face 40 of the clamping nut 17.

Fig. 1 zeigt die Spanneinrichtung in der Spannstellung, in der über die Spannmutter 17 mit Spanngabel 22 und über die Druckscheibe 36 das Werkzeug 15 axial am Flansch 16 festgespannt ist.Fig. 1 shows the clamping device in the clamping position, in which the tool 15 is clamped axially on the flange 16 via the clamping nut 17 with a clamping fork 22 and via the thrust washer 36.

Soll das Werkzeug 15 entfernt und gewechselt werden, so wird zunächst die Spanngabel 22 durch Angriff an der Handhabungsnase 25 in Pfeilrichtung 33 um die Schwenkachse 30 in Fig. 1 und 3 nach unten geschwenkt. Dabei gleitet die Druckfläche 28, 29 auf der zugewandten Stirnfläche der Druckscheibe 36 entlang, wobei der Flächenbereich größter Exzentrizität e max weggeschwenkt wird und ein Flächenbereich mit in Abhängigkeit vom Schwenkwinkel abnehmender Exzentrizität bis hin zu e min in diesen Bereich gelangt. Dies hat zur Folge, daß das Innengewinde 20 und Außengewinde 14 entspannt werden und somit die von der Spannmutter 17 her auf das Werkzeug 15 wirkende axiale Spannkraft so weit reduziert wird, daß hiernach die Spannmutter 17 vollends von Hand vom Gewindeabsatz 13 abgeschraubt werden kann. Dabei kann das nunmehr in Lösestellung geschwenkte Spannglied 21 die Abschraubbewegung erleichtern, indem zum Abschrauben daran angefaßt wird.If the tool 15 is to be removed and replaced, the clamping fork 22 is first pivoted downward about the pivot axis 30 in FIGS. 1 and 3 by engaging the handling nose 25 in the direction of the arrow 33. The pressure surface 28, 29 slides along the facing end surface of the pressure plate 36, the surface area of greatest eccentricity e max being swung away and a surface area with a decreasing eccentricity depending on the swivel angle reaching up to e min in this area. This has the consequence that the internal thread 20 and external thread 14 are relaxed and thus the axial clamping force acting on the tool 15 from the clamping nut 17 is reduced so far that afterwards the clamping nut 17 can be completely unscrewed from the threaded shoulder 13 by hand. The tendon 21, which is now pivoted into the release position, can facilitate the unscrewing movement by touching it to unscrew it.

Ist das Werkzeug 15 ausgewechselt, und soll ein neues aufgebracht und gespannt werden, wird wie folgt vorgegangen. Zunächst wird der Flansch 16 auf die Spindel 10 aufgesteckt. Hiernach wird das neue Werkzeug 15 mitsamt der Druckscheibe 36 eingelegt und sodann die Spannmutter 17 aufgesetzt und auf den Gewindeabsatz 13 aufgeschraubt. Ihr Zylinderhülsenteil 19 durchsetzt dabei das Werkzeug 15 und die Druckscheibe 36, die darauf zentriert werden. Beim Aufschrauben der Spannmutter 17 ist die Spanngabel 22 in ihre Spannstellung gemäß Fig. 1, 3 geschwenkt, in der sie aufgrund der Abflachungen 34, 35 stabil gehalten ist. Bei Arbeiten mit dem Handwerkzeug, d.h. bei eingeschaltetem Motor und umlaufend angetriebener Spindel 10, zieht sich wie üblich die Spannmutter 17 von selbst weiter fest.If the tool 15 is replaced and a new one is to be applied and clamped, the procedure is as follows. First, the flange 16 is pushed onto the spindle 10. Then the new tool 15 is inserted together with the pressure plate 36 and then the clamping nut 17 is placed and screwed onto the threaded shoulder 13. Your cylinder sleeve part 19 passes through the tool 15 and the thrust washer 36, which are centered thereon. When the clamping nut 17 is screwed on, the clamping fork 22 is pivoted into its clamping position according to FIGS. 1, 3, in which it is kept stable due to the flats 34, 35. When working with the hand tool, i.e. with the motor switched on and the spindle 10 driven in rotation, the clamping nut 17 continues to tighten itself as usual.

Die beschriebene Spanneinrichtung ist außerordentlich einfach, kostengünstig und schnell, sicher und leicht zu handhaben. Sie ermöglicht einen schnellen und sicheren Wechsel des Werkzeuges 15, ohne daß man hierzu zusätzliche besondere Werkzeuge benötigt. Ein weiterer Vorteil liegt darin, daß auch vorhandene Handwerkzeugmaschinen, insbesondere Schleifmaschinen, nachträglich ohne sonstigen Umbau mit dieser Spanneinrichtung ausgerüstet werden können. Hierzu muß in aller Regel lediglich deren Spannmutter durch die erfindungsgemäße Spannmutter 17 mit Druckscheibe 36 ersetzt werden. Vorteilhaft ist ferner, daß beim Überführen der Spanngabel 22 von der Spannstellung gemäß Fig. 1 in die Lösestellung kein Drehmoment auf die Spindel 10 ausgeübt wird, so daß mit einer solchen Spanneinrichtung ausgerüstete Handwerkzeugmaschinen keiner integrierten Spindelarretiereinrichtung mehr bedürfen. Nach dem Überführen in die Lösestellung ist zum Abschrauben der Spannmutter 17 nämlich lediglich die Gewindereibung des entspannten Gewindes 14, 20 zu überwinden, mithin ein sehr geringes Moment aufzubringen. Hierzu reicht als Abstützung der Spindel 10 die maschinenseitige Reibung von der Spindel 10 bis hin zum Antriebsmotor.The clamping device described is extremely simple, inexpensive and fast, safe and easy to use. It allows a quick and safe change of the tool 15 without the need for additional special tools. Another advantage is that existing hand tool machines, in particular grinding machines, can be retrofitted with this clamping device without any other modifications. For this purpose, it is generally only necessary to replace their clamping nut by the clamping nut 17 according to the invention with the pressure washer 36. It is also advantageous that when the clamping fork 22 is transferred from the clamping position according to FIG. 1 into the release position, no torque is exerted on the spindle 10, so that handheld power tools equipped with such a clamping device no longer require an integrated spindle locking device. After transferring to the release position, only the thread friction of the relaxed thread 14, 20 has to be overcome in order to unscrew the clamping nut 17, and consequently a very small moment has to be applied. For this purpose, the machine-side friction is sufficient to support the spindle 10 from the spindle 10 to the drive motor.

Die Spannmutter 17 ist im übrigen so ausgebildet, daß sie nach wie vor erforderlichenfalls auch einen Angriff eines besonderen Werkzeuges, z.B. in Form eines Zweilochmutterdrehers, ermöglicht, so daß die Spannmutter 17 in besonders hartnäckigen Fällen, z.B. im angerosteten Zustand, auch noch in üblicher Weise mittels eines solchen Hilfswerkzeuges gelöst werden kann.The clamping nut 17 is, moreover, designed so that, if necessary, it can also be attacked by a special tool, e.g. in the form of a two-hole nut driver, so that the clamping nut 17 in particularly stubborn cases, e.g. in the rusted state, can also be solved in the usual way using such an auxiliary tool.

Die beschriebene Spanneinrichtung ist zum Spannen aller möglichen Werkzeuge 15 und im Zusammenhang mit verschiedenartigen Handwerkzeugen geeignet. Eine besondere Eignung ergibt sich für Schleifmaschinen, z.B. Winkelschleifer, und dabei zum Festspannen scheibenförmiger Werkzeuge 15.The clamping device described is suitable for clamping all possible tools 15 and in connection with various types of hand tools. It is particularly suitable for grinding machines, e.g. Angle grinder, and thereby for clamping disc-shaped tools 15.

Bei einem anderen, nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel liegt zwischen dem die axiale Spannkraft ausübenden Spannglied 21 und dem Werkzeug 15 bzw. der Druckscheibe 36 statt der Gleitreibung Rollreibung vor. So ist die Druckfläche 28, 29 z.B. jeweils an einem Rollelement des Spanngliedes vorgesehen. Das Rollelement kann z.B. aus einer Exzenterrolle bestehen.In another exemplary embodiment, not shown, there is rolling friction between the clamping member 21 which exerts the axial clamping force and the tool 15 or the thrust washer 36 instead of the sliding friction. So the printing surface 28, 29 is e.g. each provided on a rolling element of the tendon. The rolling element can e.g. consist of an eccentric role.

Bei einem anderen, nicht gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das Spannglied 21 als Spanngabel 22 gemäß dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel gestaltet. Dabei befindet sich zwischen der Druckfläche 28, 29 einerseits und der Druckscheibe 36 oder direkt dem Werkzeug 15 andererseits ein eine Rollreibung ermöglichendes Zwischenglied, das z.B. mehrere Rollen, z.B. Nadelkörper, aufweist, die bei der Bewegung des Spanngliedes 21 von den Druckflächen 28, 29 axial beaufschlagt werden und statt der Gleitreibung eine Rollreibung ermöglichen. Dadurch wird die Standfestigkeit erhöht und überdies erreicht, daß die Spanngabel 22 besonders leichtgängig von der Spannstellung in die Lösestellung geschwenkt werden kann.In another embodiment, not shown, the tension member 21 is designed as a tension fork 22 according to the first embodiment. There is between the pressure surface 28, 29 on the one hand and the pressure plate 36 or directly the tool 15 on the other hand an intermediate link which enables rolling friction, e.g. multiple roles, e.g. Needle body, which are axially acted upon by the pressure surfaces 28, 29 during the movement of the tension member 21 and allow rolling friction instead of sliding friction. As a result, the stability is increased and moreover achieved that the clamping fork 22 can be pivoted particularly smoothly from the clamping position into the release position.

Claims (12)

  1. Clamping fixture for axially clamping a tool (15) in place, in particular a disc, on a flange (16) of a driven spindle (10), comprising a clamping nut (17) which is provided with an internal thread (20) and can be screwed onto an end-side threaded step (13) of the spindle (10), and a clamping member (21) which is arranged axially between the tool (15) on the one side and the clamping nut (17) on the other side, can be acted upon from the clamping nut (17) by an axial pressure force, can press against the tool (15) and can press the latter against the flange (16), characterized in that the clamping member (21) is held on the clamping nut (17) so as to be pivotably movable about a preferably diametral pivot axis (30) and has at least one pressure surface (28, 29) which is eccentric with regard to this pivot axis (30) and whose radial distance from the pivot axis (30) increases in the pivoting direction from the release position to the clamping position to generate the clamping force owing to a changing material thickness.
  2. Clamping fixture according to Claim 1, characterized in that the radial distance of the pressure surfaces (28, 29) from the pivot axis (30) decreases in the pivoting direction from the clamping position to the release position.
  3. Clamping fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pressure surface is provided on a rolling element of the clamping member.
  4. Clamping fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that the rolling element consists of an eccentric roller.
  5. Clamping fixture according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an intermediate member is as arranged between the at least one pressure surface (28, 29) and the tool (15), which intermediate member in turn can press axially against the tool (15) and can be acted upon axially by the clamping member (21).
  6. Clamping fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that provided as an intermediate member are one or more rollers, e.g. needle bodies, balls or such like rolling-contact bodies which, during the movement of the clamping member (21), can be acted upon by force from its pressure surface (28, 29) in the clamping direction, parallel to the tool axis, and can roll on the pressure surface.
  7. Clamping fixture according to claim 5, characterized in that the intermediate member consists of an axially movable pressure disc (36) which is arranged between the tool (15) and the clamping member (21), is acted upon by the eccentric pressure surface (28, 29) and, with an end face, presses axially against the tool (15).
  8. Clamping fixture according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the clamping member (21) consists of a clamping fork (22) which, with its two fork leg ends (26, 27), is pivotably mounted on the clamping nut (17) about the pivot axis (30), each fork leg end (26, 27) in each case having an eccentric pressure surface (28, 29) with which the fork leg ends (26, 27) in each case protruded axially beyond the clamping-nut end face (37) and act directly, or indirectly via the pressure disc (36), upon the tool (15).
  9. Clamping fixture according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the respective pressure surface (28, 29), roughly in the area of greatest eccentricity (e max), has a flat (34, 35) or a surface part having reduced eccentricity.
  10. Clamping fixture according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the fork leg ends (26, 27) are accommodated in apertures (38, 39) contained in the flange (18) of the clamping nut (17).
  11. Clamping fixture according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the clamping fork (22), with its fork legs (23, 24) and other parts (25), rests in the clamping position on the end face, remote from or facing the tool (15), of the clamping nut (17) and protrudes beyond this end face.
  12. Clamping fixture according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the clamping fork (22), with its fork legs (23, 24) and other parts (25), on the axial side, facing or remote from the tool (15), of the clamping nut (17), is accommodated in such a way as to be sunk inside recesses (41, 42) in the clamping position.
EP87907667A 1986-12-17 1987-11-28 Clamping device for axially tightening a tool, especially a disk Expired - Lifetime EP0334864B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87907667T ATE85257T1 (en) 1986-12-17 1987-11-28 CLAMPING DEVICE FOR AXIAL CLAMPING OF A TOOL, ESPECIALLY A DISC.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863643067 DE3643067A1 (en) 1986-12-17 1986-12-17 TENSIONING DEVICE FOR AXIAL CLAMPING OF A TOOL, IN PARTICULAR A DISC
DE3643067 1986-12-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334864A1 EP0334864A1 (en) 1989-10-04
EP0334864B1 true EP0334864B1 (en) 1993-02-03

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87907667A Expired - Lifetime EP0334864B1 (en) 1986-12-17 1987-11-28 Clamping device for axially tightening a tool, especially a disk

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4976071A (en)
EP (1) EP0334864B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH02501129A (en)
AT (1) ATE85257T1 (en)
BR (1) BR8707918A (en)
DE (2) DE3643067A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2005993A6 (en)
WO (1) WO1988004596A1 (en)

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US7722444B2 (en) 2005-05-13 2010-05-25 Black & Decker Inc. Angle grinder
US8087977B2 (en) 2005-05-13 2012-01-03 Black & Decker Inc. Angle grinder
CN104044062A (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-17 昆山齐升磨料磨具有限公司 Novel grinding tool

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2005993A6 (en) 1989-04-01
JPH02501129A (en) 1990-04-19
EP0334864A1 (en) 1989-10-04
ATE85257T1 (en) 1993-02-15
WO1988004596A1 (en) 1988-06-30
DE3643067A1 (en) 1988-06-23
BR8707918A (en) 1990-03-01
US4976071A (en) 1990-12-11
DE3784077D1 (en) 1993-03-18

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