EP0336507B2 - Process to compress flat textiles, flat textiles made with this process and their application - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for compressing sheet-like textile structures in the longitudinal and transverse direction, highly shrinking and normal shrinking polyester yarns of the same chemical composition are processed to give a sheet-like structure. The sheet-like structure is subjected to thermal treatment at 60 to 200 DEG C without stress and exhibits a fabric shrinkage of at least 15%. The process is used for the production of woven, knitted and tufted materials and for the compression of pile materials.

Description

The invention relates to a method for compacting textile fabrics in the longitudinal and transverse directions made of polyester yarns, some made of high-shrinking polyester filaments and some made of normal-shrinking Polyester filaments are processed into a sheet as well as a Flat structures made by the process and its application.

From GB-A-985451 textile articles are made of a shrunk and an unshrunk polyester filament known, but the resulting fabrics have an undesirable for a dense fabric Crepe effect on.

By compressing textile fabrics, especially fabrics, the permeability to Water, water vapor and gases are reduced. Dense fabrics are water-repellent. For inlets a good tissue density is an essential requirement for their use.

Various methods of compressing tissues have been proposed which improve compressibility of composite fibers consisting of polyester and polyamide to use microfibrils. The Individual fibrils have a titer of less than 0.5 denier (= 0.55 dtex).

A method is known (EP 0 092 938) which uses extremely fine fibers in the range from 0.001 to 0.8 denier made of polyester and polyamide, the polyamide component using a swelling agent first swelling and then shrinking.

Already the production of the extremely fine composite fibers with the required water resistance and Strength is problematic and has been tried in several ways. Added to this is the addition of swelling agents which require further restrictions in use in terms of their toxicity.

Common to all known methods is the use of yarn blends or filament blends, which are made from different raw materials. The disadvantage is that a variety of different polymers for processing and a complex analytical quality control is required is. Different spinning techniques can also be used with different polymers.

There has long been a need for a uniform raw material that is easily and inexpensively accessible is to produce a flat textile fabric which is compacted in a simple manner may have low water and air permeability. But there is also a need for spinning technology resp. To largely simplify stretching technology in order to arrive at an economical process.

The object is achieved according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

The thermal treatment of the fabric takes place without tension between 60 and 200 ° C in one gaseous or liquid environment. A temperature range of 80 to 180 ° C has proven to be the most appropriate proven. In a preferred procedure, the fabric in the water is from 95 to 98 ° C shock treated.

It is important to ensure that the shrink thread during processing into a textile fabric must not be steamed or hot-finished or otherwise thermally pretreated.

The method according to the invention has the advantage, among other things, that the yarn is used by the manufacturer of the fabric allows easier processing. For example, to achieve the highest possible Weft density cannot be worked with a correspondingly high warp tension due to the thread breaks can arise. The compression takes place without a building effect.

Both cold and hot drawn polyester threads are made from the same polymer.

A cold-drawn polyester POY is to be understood as a thread which is at least 90% by weight Contains polyethylene terephthalate and spun at a speed of about 3100 m / min and then was stretched below the glass transition point.

The cold-drawn polyester POY threads used have a boiling shrinkage of 20 to 60%, preferably 30 to 50%, based on the starting length of the thread.

Warm-stretched polyester is to be understood as all threads which are either split or were produced in the continue process, contain at least 90% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate and above of the glass transition point have been stretched. All of these threads have a cooking shrinkage <20%.

The compacted fabric consists of cold-drawn and warm-drawn polyester threads. The cold drawn threads can be used in the warp and / or in the weft. Depending on the Compression in weft or warp direction. In a known manner, the fabric becomes tension-free subjected to thermal shock treatment, causing compression by shrinking the cold stretched Threads results.

The shrinkage along and / or across is at least 10%, preferably 20 to 30%, based on the initial dimensions. Such a shrinkage creates a density that is permeable to air and water so far that it may even be due to chemical treatment, for example in Form of a coating or impregnation, can be dispensed with.

The application of the method is particularly advantageous in the manufacture of woven goods, knitwear and tufted goods. Woven goods are understood to mean, in particular, canvas, parachutes and inlets, which for this purpose an optimal air and water tightness or permeability must have.

Another area of application is the production of compacted pile goods, where good anchoring the individual knobs play a major role.

The invention will be described in more detail by means of examples.

Examples of use example 1

Kettmaterial :

Variante A+B
PES, dtex 235 f 34 Z

Schussmaterial :

Variante A
PES, Hochschrumpfgarn dtex 167 f 30 Z, Variante B
PES, Normalschrumpfgarn dtex 167 f 30 Z

Bindung :

Leinwand

Compression of webware.

Warp material:

Variant A + B
PES, dtex 235 f 34 t

Shot material:

option A
PES, high shrink yarn dtex 167 f 30 Z, variant B
PES, normal shrink yarn dtex 167 f 30 Z

Binding:

canvas

Variants A + B have the same warp and weft thread numbers when raw.

The fabric is washed without tension and in a shock-like manner at 70 to 98 ° C and then colored and heat-set. As a result of this process, the number of warp threads in variant A has decreased by 32.5% Variant B increased by 10%.

Example 2

Pollegeschiene L2 :

Variante A+B
PES, dtex 84 f 36

Grundlegeschiene L1 :

Variante A
PES, Hochschrumpfgarn dtex 78 f 24 Z
Variante B
PES, Normalschrumpfgarn
dtex 76 f 22 Z

Bindung :

L1: Tricot, L2: Pollegung

Compacting knitwear.

Pollen rail L2:

Variant A + B
PES, dtex 84 f 36

Basic guide rail L1:

option A
PES, shrinkable yarn dtex 78 f 24 Z
Variant B
PES, normal shrink yarn
dtex 76 f 22 t

Binding:

L1: Tricot, L2: Pollegung

Variations A + B have the same number of stitches (rods / cm, rows / cm) in the raw state.

The pile mesh fabric is washed as tension-free and shock-like as possible at 70 to 98 ° C and then colored and heat-set. The compression is over 30% in the transverse direction in variant A, i.e. the width increase is over 30%, based on the initial width. Variant B only shrinks about 10%.

The pile fabric is characterized by a good look and a closed surface and also has a good pole position.

Example 3

Polkette :

PES, dtex 167 f 72 x2 geschrumpft

Grundgewebe :

Kette PES, Hochschrumpfgarn,
dtex 150 f 48 x2
Schuss PES, dtex 167 f 72 x2 geschrumpft

Bindung :

Doppelsamt, Leinwand

Increase in the pin stud adhesion on pile goods.

Pole chain:

PES, dtex 167 f 72 x2 shrunk

Basic fabric:

Warp PES, high shrink yarn,
dtex 150 f 48 x2
Shot PES, dtex 167 f 72 x2 shrunk

Binding:

Double velvet, canvas

A fabric is produced on the double plush hover that compares to a reference sample has identical warp and weft thread numbers. In order not to trigger the shrinking effect prematurely, the shrinking warp yarn before the weaving process no thermal pretreatment (e.g. warm sizing) get abandoned.

After the most stress-free, shock-like immersion during the washing process at 70 to 98 ° C and subsequent dyeing and heat setting results in pile goods. which due to the compression of the Base fabric has a higher knob adhesion than the reference samples. They are also Pole standing and the optics have been positively influenced.

The method according to the invention has the advantage that, depending on the conditions of the material technology and equipment parameters of the 30 to 60% shrinkage of the cold-drawn POY polyester yarns can be more or less transferred to the fabric, i.e. it can be a Longitudinal and / or transverse shrinkage of 15% and more, based on the starting dimension of the fabric be achieved. The looser the raw fabric setting is chosen, the higher the resulting one Goods shrink.

The method according to the invention also makes weaving more economical. It can be at a deeper level Weft thread count can be woven, which results in a better weaving and thus a higher efficiency can be achieved.

Claims (5)

1. Process for the longitudinal and transverse densifying of textile sheet materials made partly of high shrinkage polyester filaments, partly of normal shrinkage polyester filaments the sheet material is thermally treated in the relaxed state at 60 to 200°C, characterised in that the sheet material is manufactured to obtain a flat material wherein the high shrinkage polyester filaments are cold drawn polyester POY having a boil shrinkage of at least 20 %.
2. Process according to Claim 1, characterised in that the shrinkage of the material in the longitudinal and/or transverse directions is at least 15 %, based on the starting dimensions.
3. Use of the process according to Claim 1 for manufacturing densified woven, knitted and tufted materials.
4. Use of the process according to Claim 1 for manufacturing densified pile materials.
5. Use of the process according to Claim 4 for enhancing the tuft anchorage in pile material.