EP0334924B1 - Cylindre hydraulique verrouillable - Google Patents

Cylindre hydraulique verrouillable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334924B1
EP0334924B1 EP88908198A EP88908198A EP0334924B1 EP 0334924 B1 EP0334924 B1 EP 0334924B1 EP 88908198 A EP88908198 A EP 88908198A EP 88908198 A EP88908198 A EP 88908198A EP 0334924 B1 EP0334924 B1 EP 0334924B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
locking
hydraulic cylinder
cylinder
locking parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88908198A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0334924A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Reuber
Reinhard Nowack
Jürgen LINKE
Rainer Jesse
Uwe Nerger
Eugen Fleisch
Peter Thiele
Gerhard NÜSSLE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Continental Teves AG and Co oHG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Alfred Teves GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG, Alfred Teves GmbH filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of EP0334924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0334924A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0334924B1 publication Critical patent/EP0334924B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lockable hydraulic cylinder according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Hydraulic cylinders of this type are used universally in technology and are distinguished, inter alia, by the fact that they can hold larger forces safely even in the locking position without pressure medium.
  • a piston-cylinder unit is known from DE-A-3 143 040, a locking piston movable perpendicular to the direction of movement of the working piston being provided which can be displaced into a recess in the piston rod.
  • This locking device requires a large amount of space and requires an additional pressure medium connection between the working piston and the locking piston.
  • a self-locking double-acting working cylinder in which a differential piston is axially displaceably mounted on the one hand on its outer diameter in the housing and on the other hand with its inner channel on a housing-fixed socket, with a locking piston which is on the one hand in the differential piston and on the other hand is mounted in the socket, the locking balls actuated.
  • this cylinder three components move relative to each other within the housing, which is a relatively complicated structure; on the other hand, a complex pressure medium connection within the differential piston is necessary.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a generic hydraulic cylinder in which the locking parts are held in a position-fixing engagement during the entire locking state. Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder to be created should only have the smallest possible number of mutually movable parts with a simple structure, and the use of very small piston rods and piston diameters (6 to 16 mm) with very long strokes should be made possible.
  • the invention therefore consists in clamping the locking parts in the locked state by tapering surfaces of the locking piston. This also results in a whole series of advantages.
  • the clamping effect achieved results in a locking force.
  • the preload forces can thus be made smaller.
  • the valve opens very quickly when the ball is torn away.
  • the inventive measures also ensure that the balls are brought into the predetermined locking position, regardless of the position of the valve, so that the locking device can be operated both in a horizontal and in a vertical position with the same result.
  • the locking piston is provided in a blind bore in the cylinder base or in a component connected to it, it is advisable to improve the invention by using the features according to claim 3.
  • the locking parts can also be fixed in the unlocked state by using the features according to claim 4.
  • the position of the locking parts is in this state compared to the working piston and the locking piston precisely defined, which leads to a more precise triggering behavior in connection with the use of the features of claim 5.
  • these measures ensure that the locking parts moving with the working piston have no contact with the cylinder tube in the unlocked position. It is therefore made possible by these measures that the locking piston jams the locking parts in the unlocked position and the latter are only moved outward again when the locking position is reached by the deflection bushing.
  • the hydraulic cylinder shown in Fig. 1 consists of a cylinder tube 1, which is screwed to the cylinder bottom 2, and in which the working piston 3 is axially displaceable and is guided by the sealing rings 4 and 5 sealed.
  • the cylinder base 2 has a pressure connection 7 which can be connected to a pressure medium source and which is connected to the input space 8 also provided in the cylinder base 2.
  • a blind bore 13 is provided, in which a locking piston 6 is axially displaceable and acted upon by the spring 14 in the direction of the input space 8.
  • the spring 14 is supported on the one hand on the bottom of the blind bore 13 and on the other hand on a further blind bore 16 which is mounted in the locking piston 6.
  • the locking piston 6 is sealed by the sealing ring 17, which is located in an annular groove in the working piston 3 or locking piston 6.
  • the end section of the working piston 3 facing the input space 8 is provided on its jacket side with three radial through bores 15, in each of which a locking part 10 designed as a ball is guided in a radially movable manner.
  • the locking parts 10 are pressed radially outward into an annular groove-shaped radial recess 11 in the cylinder base 2 by the force of the spring 14 in conjunction with a first conical section 19 on the locking piston 6.
  • the sections of the locking parts 10 protruding from the working piston 3 in cooperation with the stop 12 prevent axial movement of the working piston 3.
  • the locking device described above is automatically unlocked. Due to the hydraulic pressure, the locking piston 6 is pushed into the blind bore 13 of the working piston 3 against the force of the spring 14. Characterized in that the sections of the locking piston 6 facing the input space 8 are each tapered in diameter, the locking parts 10 can move radially inward and thus release the locking in the piston head 2. During the movement of the working piston 3 in the cylinder tube 1, the locking parts 10 are pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder tube 1 by the remaining excess force of the spring 14 in connection with the second conical section 20 on the locking piston with a small radial force component.
  • the working piston 3 can be reset hydraulically, for example, via a working chamber opposite the input chamber 8 on the other side of the working piston, or mechanically via the piston rod 21 screwed into the working piston 3.
  • the locking piston 6 has a piston section 25, which is either very weakly conical, to which a cylindrical section 26 adjoins.
  • a piston section 25 which is either very weakly conical, to which a cylindrical section 26 adjoins.
  • a deflection bushing 29 is attached to the cylinder base 2 in the area of the input space 8. This has on its front side facing the working piston 3 an inclined chamfer 30 attached to the outer lateral surface.
  • the cylindrical section 26 of the locking piston 6 moves into the deflection bush 29, the locking parts 10 are moved radially outward by the action of the oblique chamfer 30.
  • radial passage channels 31 are provided distributed over the circumference of the deflection bushing 29.
  • the locking parts 10 do not cover an axial stroke path with the working piston 3.
  • the locking piston 6 is sealed by the seal 42 and axially displaceable in an insert cylinder 41 which is clamped to the cylinder base 2 by the screw 43.
  • a stepped, axial through bore is provided in the cylinder base 2; a sealing ring 44 is provided in an annular groove on the insert cylinder 41.
  • the insert cylinder 41 protrudes into an axial recess 45 which is provided in the working piston 3 on the end face facing the pressure connection 7.
  • This recess 45 is provided with a radial undercut into which the locking parts 10 can be moved to lock the working piston 3.
  • they are loaded radially outwards by the conical first step 46 on the locking piston 6 in cooperation with the compression spring 48 acting on the locking piston 6.
  • the working piston 3 is unlocked by introducing pressure into the pressure connection 7, which continues through the passage channels 49 in a radial expansion of the insert cylinder 41 into the working space 50 and from there through the radially extending channel 51 in the working piston 3.
  • the stepped piston 6 is moved into the insert cylinder 41 against the force of the compression spring 48. Due to the bevel 52 on the annular radially inward projection 53 on the working piston 3, the locking parts 10 are moved radially inward until they come to rest on the second step 47 of the locking piston 6.
  • the working piston 3 moves away from the pressure connection 7, while at the same time the return ring 54, which radially surrounds the insert cylinder 41 and is biased by the return spring 55, tracks the working piston 3 until the stop 56 of the return ring 54 on the step 57 of the insert cylinder 41 comes to rest.
  • the return spring 55 is supported on the one hand on the radial extension of the insert cylinder 41, to which the passage channel 49 is also attached, and on the other hand on an outer step of the return ring 54.
  • the path that the return ring 54 can travel conditionally through the return spring 55 is dimensioned such that the recesses 58, in which the locking parts 10 are guided, are passed axially. As a result, the locking parts 10 are secured against falling out of their recesses 58.

Abstract

Un cylindre hydraulique verrouillable comprend un tuyau cylindrique (1) pourvu d'au moins un raccord de refoulement (7), d'un piston (3) mobile scellé dans le tuyau cylindrique (1) et d'un élément de fermeture hydrauliquement actionnable pouvant être enclenché par des éléments de blocage (10). Afin d'obtenir une unité de verrouillage compacte pouvant également faire partie intégrante du cylindre, avec un nombre réduit de parties mobiles les unes par rapport aux autres, de conception simple et de petites dimensions, l'élément de fermeture est un piston à gradins (6) qui se déplace de manière étanche dans un alésage borgne du piston (3) et qui est pré-contraint contre la pression dans le sens de la position de verrouillage avec un espace d'admission (8) relié au raccord de refoulement (7). Le diamètre des gradins du piston à gradins se réduit vers l'espace d'admission (8) et le piston à gradins (6), sollicité par précontrainte, applique une force radiale vers l'extérieur sur les éléments de blocage (10). Des évidements radiaux (11, 15) dans lesquels pénètrent par encliquetage les éléments de blocage (10) sont ménagés dans le tuyau cylindrique (1) ou dans une pièce rigidement fixée à celui-ci, ainsi que dans le piston (3).

Claims (7)

1. Vérin hydraulique verrouillable, comprenant un tube de cylindre (1), au moins un raccord de pression (7), un piston de travail (3), disposé de manière étanche dans le tube de cylindre (1) et agencé de façon à pouvoir se déplacer en translation, et un piston de verrouillage (6), à actionnement hydraulique, par lequel des organes d'immobilisation (10) peuvent être amenés en prise avec des évidements (11, 15, 45, 58), tandis que ce piston de verrouillage (6) est guidé de manière étanche vis-à-vis de la pression régnant à l'endroit du raccord de pression et est soumis à une précontrainte en direction de la position de verrouillage, à l'encontre de la pression régnant dans une chambre d'entrée (8, 45) communiquant avec le raccord de pression (7), et que ce piston de verrouillage (6) comporte un tronçon se resserrant (19, 20,25, 46), les évidements radiaux (11, 15, 45, 58) dans lesquels les organes d'immobilisation (10) peuvent s'enclencher étant prévus dans le tube de cylindre (1), ou dans une pièce (41) fixée rigidement sur celui-ci, ainsi que dans le piston de travail (3), caractérisé en ce que le piston de verrouillage (6), guidé dans un alésage borgne (13) et soumis à l'action de la précontrainte, exerce sur les organes d'immobilisation (10), se trouvant en état de verrouillage, une force dirigée radialement vers l'extérieur et en ce que cette force dirigée vers l'extérieur est exercée par une surface conique (19,51) du tronçon se resserrant (19, 20, 25, 46).
2. Vérin hydraulique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ce tronçon se resserrant (19, 25) est disposé à l'extrémité du piston de verrouillage (6) située du côté de l'entrée et en ce qu'il se resserre vers la chambre d'entrée (8).
3. Vérin hydraulique suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un tronçon (41), qui est prévu sur le fond (2) du tube de cylindre (1) et dans lequel le piston de verrouillage (6) est guidé, est entouré radialement par un anneau de rappel (54) qui, en étant agencé de façon à pouvoir se déplacer en translation d'une manière limitée, est soumis à une précontrainte par un ressort de rappel (55).
4. Vérin hydraulique suivant une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que, dans la position de déverrouillage, les organes d'immobilisation (10) sont soumis à une précontrainte au moyen d'une force dirigée radialement vers l'extérieur, cette force dirigée vers l'intérieur étant fournie par un couple de basculement qui est exercé sur ces organes d'immobilisation (10) par une arête de l'évidement (15) prévu dans le piston de travail et par une surface (28) s'étendant pratiquement perpendiculairement à la direction de déplacement du piston de verrouillage (6) et située sur ce dernier.
5. Vérin hydraulique suivant la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'en position de verrouillage, l'extrémité du piston de verrouillage (6) qui fait saillie dans la chambre d'entrée (8) pénètre dans un manchon de déviation (29) qui est pourvu d'un chanfrein incliné (30) exerçant un effort vers l'extérieur sur les organes d'immobilisation (10).
6. Vérin hydraulique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les organes d'immobilisation (10) sont réalisés sous la forme de billes.
7. Vérin hydraulique suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une unité de verrouillage est prévue respectivement sur chacune des deux faces frontales du piston de travail (3) et du tube de cylindre (1), plus particulièrement en étant symétriques par rapport au plan radial.
EP88908198A 1987-09-26 1988-09-13 Cylindre hydraulique verrouillable Expired - Lifetime EP0334924B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873732561 DE3732561A1 (de) 1987-09-26 1987-09-26 Verriegelbarer hydraulikzylinder
DE3732561 1987-09-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334924A1 EP0334924A1 (fr) 1989-10-04
EP0334924B1 true EP0334924B1 (fr) 1992-06-17

Family

ID=6337005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88908198A Expired - Lifetime EP0334924B1 (fr) 1987-09-26 1988-09-13 Cylindre hydraulique verrouillable

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0334924B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2701906B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE3732561A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989002987A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3913009C2 (de) * 1989-04-20 1994-08-11 Wolfgang Dipl Ing Niemann Pneumatik-Zylinder mit Endstellungs-Verriegelung
DE4107724A1 (de) * 1991-03-11 1992-09-24 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Stellantrieb
DE4107980A1 (de) * 1991-03-13 1992-09-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Hydraulisch betaetigte rasteinrichtung
DE4215031C2 (de) * 1992-05-07 2003-12-04 Ise Gmbh Verriegelbare Kolbenbetätigung für den Transport eines Überrollbügels für Kraftfahrzeuge
JPH08193605A (ja) * 1995-01-13 1996-07-30 Itec Kk エンドロック付きシリンダ
DE19606724A1 (de) * 1996-02-23 1997-08-28 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Vorrichtung zum Verändern der Öffnungs- und Schließzeiten von Gaswechselventilen einer Brennkraftmaschine
DE19727590C1 (de) * 1997-06-28 1998-07-23 Daimler Benz Ag Crashkupplung für einen Überrollbügel in einem Kraftwagen
DE29806525U1 (de) * 1998-04-09 1999-09-02 Kemper Gmbh Maschf Ladewagen zur Beförderung von insbesondere Erntegut
DE19916678C1 (de) 1999-04-14 2001-02-01 Daimler Chrysler Ag Antriebsvorrichtung für einen Überrollbügel
DE10323118B4 (de) * 2003-05-22 2011-07-21 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, 80809 Einrichtung zum manuellen Reversieren einer Vorrichtung zum Schutz von Personen bei einem Frontalaufprall auf ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE10343714B4 (de) * 2003-09-20 2005-12-08 Niemann, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. Verriegelbarer Pneumatikzylinder
US7784392B1 (en) 2006-10-12 2010-08-31 HDM Hydraulics, LLC Hydraulic locking cylinder
DE102008011731A1 (de) 2008-02-28 2009-09-03 GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit Pneumatischer Aktuator
CN108825584B (zh) * 2018-07-11 2020-04-07 永红保定铸造机械有限公司 一种具有自锁功能的活塞式执行机构
CN109630497A (zh) * 2018-11-30 2019-04-16 湖南协力液压有限公司 一种预紧密封液压缸
CN113847301B (zh) * 2021-09-18 2024-02-02 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 一种抗侧向力的油缸
CN114087396B (zh) * 2021-11-24 2023-06-06 四川凌峰航空液压机械有限公司 自锁式气液转换阀

Citations (2)

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DE3143040A1 (de) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-05 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH, 3000 Hannover Einrichtung zum arretieren eines druckmittelbetaetigten doppeltwirkenden kolbenzylinderantriebes
DE3540277A1 (de) * 1984-11-19 1986-05-22 Alfa Romeo Auto S.p.A., Neapel/Napoli Selbstsperrender druckmittel-arbeitszylinder

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FR51778E (fr) * 1941-09-12 1943-05-03 Mahle Kommandit Ges Entretoise de longueur variable pour avions
US2887991A (en) * 1954-03-29 1959-05-26 Haskel Engineering Associates Fluid actuator with locking means
US3397620A (en) * 1966-10-06 1968-08-20 Milwaukee Cylinder Corp Fluid actuator with annular piston locking means
US3614912A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-10-26 Lionel Pacific Inc Telescoping piston central lock hydraulic actuator
JPS5321288B2 (fr) * 1972-08-11 1978-07-01
US4586425A (en) 1980-06-09 1986-05-06 General Dynamics Pomona Division Clamp locking device
GB2128680B (en) * 1982-10-08 1986-03-12 Johnston Brothers Hydraulic cylinder and piston
US4635536A (en) * 1983-09-19 1987-01-13 Miller Fluid Power Corporation Cylinder locking apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3143040A1 (de) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-05 Wabco Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH, 3000 Hannover Einrichtung zum arretieren eines druckmittelbetaetigten doppeltwirkenden kolbenzylinderantriebes
DE3540277A1 (de) * 1984-11-19 1986-05-22 Alfa Romeo Auto S.p.A., Neapel/Napoli Selbstsperrender druckmittel-arbeitszylinder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3732561C2 (fr) 1992-10-08
WO1989002987A1 (fr) 1989-04-06
DE3732561A1 (de) 1989-04-13
EP0334924A1 (fr) 1989-10-04
JP2701906B2 (ja) 1998-01-21
JPH02501403A (ja) 1990-05-17
DE3872222D1 (de) 1992-07-23

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