EP0334804A2 - Circuit résonnant à couplage de phase stabilisé - Google Patents

Circuit résonnant à couplage de phase stabilisé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0334804A2
EP0334804A2 EP89730081A EP89730081A EP0334804A2 EP 0334804 A2 EP0334804 A2 EP 0334804A2 EP 89730081 A EP89730081 A EP 89730081A EP 89730081 A EP89730081 A EP 89730081A EP 0334804 A2 EP0334804 A2 EP 0334804A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
phase
phase shift
frequency
circuit
oscillation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89730081A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0334804B1 (fr
EP0334804A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Dietrich Kreft
Wolfgang Hass
Holger Mackenthun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP0334804A2 publication Critical patent/EP0334804A2/fr
Publication of EP0334804A3 publication Critical patent/EP0334804A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0334804B1 publication Critical patent/EP0334804B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/22—Capacitive coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G06K7/10316—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers
    • G06K7/10336—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves using at least one antenna particularly designed for interrogating the wireless record carriers the antenna being of the near field type, inductive coil
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a contactless energy and data transmission system consisting of a micro station, hereinafter referred to as MS, and a micro unit, hereinafter referred to as ME.
  • data carriers and data devices are e.g. used in the form of chip cards with integrated electronic components.
  • Almost all systems available on the market are designed with contacts between the reader and the card. Contacts have an adverse effect on contamination, static discharges, vibrations and wear.
  • a transmission frequency such that clock signals can be used on the ME side to operate the electronic modules used in the ME, which are the same as the transmission frequency or can be obtained indirectly from it by subdivision.
  • the frequency used should comply with international guidelines and standards. The frequency used must therefore be kept constant. This contradicts the change (aging, component tolerance) of components that are used in the resonant circuit to generate the transmission oscillation, so that with such changed component parameters, the natural frequency of the resonant circuit no longer corresponds to the control frequency and thus the energy translation from MS to ME is reduced.
  • Another condition is that two resonant circuits must be set up, which, for reasons of unambiguous signal detection on the part of the ME, must have a constant phase relationship to one another.
  • the inductive transmission path of this system is divided into the main features: - energy transfer - control loop - Magnetic stripe compatibility - data transfer - Layer variance - clock generation
  • the energy is processed in two frequency-coupled resonant circuits (Figure 1: T1, S1 and T2, S2) at a frequency of 6 MHz, for example.
  • the ferrite core coils of the resonant circuits contain an air slot into which the respective flat coils S3 and S4 of the ME are inserted.
  • the magnetic flux is therefore perpendicular to the flat coils.
  • the two resonant circuits work against each other with a regulated phase shift of +/- 90 °.
  • resonant circuits have the advantage that relatively little energy is required to operate the system if it is very selective and with resonance peaks, i.e. work near the natural resonance.
  • each circuit S1 and S2 is constructed in an independent control circuit of the same frequency.
  • Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the control loop.
  • the control circuit takes advantage of the physical property of the resonant circuit, that in the desired resonance case the circuit S1 / S2, Figure 2, acts exclusively as a real resistance.
  • the phase position of the voltages between the collector and the base of the driver transistor T, Figure 2 is exactly 180 °.
  • the phase position of the circle is tapped with the voltage Uc.
  • This reference signal Up required for a channel, e.g. Q2 ( Figure 1) is used by the other channel, e.g. Q3 ( Figure 1), which is used to use coherent signal curves for control. This ensures that both resonant circuits maintain the same frequency with constant phase shift.
  • the capacitors C11 and C12 work as voltage dividers so that the permissible reverse voltage of the series-connected capacitance diodes KD11 and KD12 ( Figure 2) is not exceeded.
  • the controller presented in Figure 2 is built up twice for circuits S1, T1 and S2, T2 ( Figure 1).
  • the capacitive portion in the resonant circuit is said to have increased.
  • the natural resonance frequency of the individual circuit with coil and capacitor drops.
  • the driver specifies a fixed frequency from the outside, the phase and thus also the amplitude change (see Figure 4).
  • the phase of the voltage Ux will lag behind the voltage Up by more than 90 ° phase difference (case B, Figure 3).
  • the mean value of the signal Uf (Un) increases.
  • control loop implemented according to Figure 2 contained an additional function that is necessary because the circuit S2 ( Figure 1) experiences phase changes of 180 ° through the exclusive-OR gate "5" with the data to be transmitted to the ME.
  • stage T2, S2 is the same as stage T1, S1, ( Figure 1) with one exception.
  • stages T2, S2 are operated with the phase-switchable signal TM2.
  • the reference phase for the comparison in the EXCLUSIVE-OR gate U1 is obtained from Q2.
  • the magnetic coding on the magnetic stripe is not affected.
  • This property is due to the fact that the magnetic flux with a frequency f> 1 MHz floods the card vertically. Due to their inertia and direction, the magnetic particles of the magnetic strip have no way of changing their position.
  • the two resonant circuits work with a phase difference of +/- 90 °.
  • the resonant circuit S1 In the idle state (no data transmission), the resonant circuit S1 is always 90 ° ahead of the resonant circuit S2.
  • S2 In the case of data transmission to the microunit, S2 is switched by 180 °, so that it is then 90 ° ahead of circuit S1. This process is evaluated by the ME.
  • a data transmission from the ME to the MS occurs due to an increased current consumption by the ME.
  • a voltage drop can be detected via the internal resistance of the source in the micro station. This method is described by the patent (No. P344756.05).
  • the function of the system is not dependent on the position of the ME in the receiving device.
  • the 2 required coils of the ME and MS were attached to the chip card system, as shown in Figure 6 (see utility model application no. G 8716548.1). This ensures that, irrespective of how the ME was rotated before being introduced into the receiving device of the MS, the 2 coils of the ME are opposite to the 2 coils of the MS, whereby the function is always guaranteed and the handling of the system is simplified.
  • An arithmetic unit, microcomputer, etc. can be accommodated on the microunit.
  • the required processing cycle is obtained directly or divided from the frequency of the energy transfer (see Figure 7).
  • U3 and U4 derive a digital signal from the sinusoidal analog voltage of the receiver coils. No separate oscillator is required for the microunit, which contributes to the significant simplification of the ME.
  • the basic prerequisite for the correct operation of an arithmetic unit in an ME is that the processing cycle is available symmetrically and without irregularities. Since the ME should work in any insertion position in the MS, care must be taken that the clock is removed from the non-modulated coil ( Figure 6).
  • Case 1 and Case 2 show the different signal curves in different operating positions (see also Figure 6).
  • Case 1 shows that U3 is ahead of U4: The phase modulation takes place later on U4. The clock is obtained from U3.
  • Case 2 shows that U4 is ahead of U3: The phase modulation takes place later on U3. The clock is obtained from U4.
  • the flip-flop U5 recognizes a logic "1" for case 1 and a logic “0" for case 2 at the output. Slightly delayed when the operating voltage of the ME has built up and a delay time of a few microseconds has elapsed, there is a positive one Reset edge on flip-flop U6. See also picture 5.
  • This process only happens once at the start of operation if no data has yet been transferred.
  • the level and basic state of the data line DR ( Figure 7) are determined according to the same principle of clock assignment, with the difference that the data signal is only defined for this level and no multiplexer is required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
EP89730081A 1988-03-25 1989-03-22 Circuit résonnant à couplage de phase stabilisé Expired - Lifetime EP0334804B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3810702A DE3810702A1 (de) 1988-03-25 1988-03-25 Phasenstabilisierter, -gekoppelter schwingkreis
DE3810702 1988-03-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0334804A2 true EP0334804A2 (fr) 1989-09-27
EP0334804A3 EP0334804A3 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0334804B1 EP0334804B1 (fr) 1994-11-02

Family

ID=6350997

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89730081A Expired - Lifetime EP0334804B1 (fr) 1988-03-25 1989-03-22 Circuit résonnant à couplage de phase stabilisé

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4928087A (fr)
EP (1) EP0334804B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH01311391A (fr)
DE (2) DE3810702A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2670642A1 (fr) * 1990-12-18 1992-06-19 Adventure Systeme de transmission de donnees a alimentation des moyens d'emission d'un emetteur par un recepteur.
EP0509125A1 (fr) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la transmission sans contact de données et d'énergie et procédé de mise en oeuvre
WO1993023908A1 (fr) * 1992-05-10 1993-11-25 Auckland Uniservices Limited Systeme de distribution d'energie depourvu de contact
EP0644681A2 (fr) * 1993-08-15 1995-03-22 Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH Carte avec verrouillage dans le cas d'une interrogation à distance
NL9301697A (nl) * 1993-10-01 1995-05-01 Nedap Nv Fasedemodulator voor contactloze chipkaarten.
EP0704814A3 (fr) * 1994-09-30 1997-06-04 Toshiba Kk Système d'excitation de circuits à couplage magnétique
EP0984402A3 (fr) * 1998-08-31 2004-06-02 Citicorp Development Center, Inc. Terminal pour cartes à valeur mémorisée
CN107735923A (zh) * 2015-06-04 2018-02-23 富士通株式会社 受电器以及电力传输系统

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5327122A (en) * 1989-09-04 1994-07-05 Massimo Casalegno Installation for data transmission with correction of phase error
ATE135835T1 (de) * 1990-07-16 1996-04-15 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur berührungslosen daten- und energieübertragung sowie verwendung einer solchen
DE4107311C2 (de) * 1991-03-07 1996-02-08 Telefunken Microelectron Verfahren zur drahtlosen Übertragung von Daten auf einen Datenträger
DE4125143C5 (de) * 1991-07-30 2004-07-01 Ulrich Dr.-Ing. Schwan Einrichtung zur kontaktlosen Übertragung von Wechselsignalen
JP2659315B2 (ja) * 1992-11-13 1997-09-30 株式会社ピーエフユー 非接触型ｉｃメモリカードシステム
ATE201787T1 (de) * 1992-11-25 2001-06-15 Simmonds Precision Products Datenverarbeitungsstrukturen und methoden
DE4326213C1 (de) * 1993-08-04 1994-08-18 Siemens Ag Einrichtung zur berührungslosen Signal- und Energieübertragung
FR2711440B1 (fr) * 1993-10-18 1996-02-02 France Telecom Dispositif à pureté spectrale pour l'échange d'informations à distance entre un objet portatif et une station.
DE4438286C2 (de) * 1994-10-26 2002-09-12 Siemens Ag System zur kontaktlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung
DE4438287C1 (de) * 1994-10-26 1996-05-09 Siemens Ag System zur kontaktlosen Energie- und Datenübertragung
DE19621076C2 (de) 1996-05-24 2001-06-28 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum kontaktlosen Übertragen von Energie oder Daten
DE19653522A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-25 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zum drahtlosen Übertragen von Energie und Daten
DE19726335C2 (de) 1997-06-20 2000-03-02 Angewandte Digital Elektronik Chipkarte mit mindestens zwei Spulenanordnungen zur Übertragung von Daten und/oder Energie
FR2780222B1 (fr) * 1998-06-18 2000-08-11 Sgs Thomson Microelectronics Procede et systeme de detection par couplage inductif d'un signal de modulation de charge
DE10026175C2 (de) * 2000-04-18 2003-02-27 Schleifring Und Appbau Gmbh Anordnung zur kontaktlosen Übertragung elektrischer Signale bzw. Energie zwischen einer feststehenden Einheit und mehreren ortsveränderlichen Einheiten
DE10158442B4 (de) * 2001-12-01 2004-11-25 Atmel Germany Gmbh Sende- und Empfangseinrichtung für eine kontaktlose Datenübertragung
DE102007060811A1 (de) 2007-09-01 2009-03-05 Maquet Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur drahtlosen Energie- und/oder Datenübertragung zwischen einem Quellgerät und mindestens einem Zielgerät
EP2031731A1 (fr) 2007-09-01 2009-03-04 MAQUET GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif et procédé de transmission d'énergie et/ou de données sans fil entre un appareil source et au moins un appareil cible
US7999414B2 (en) 2007-09-01 2011-08-16 Maquet Gmbh & Co. Kg Apparatus and method for wireless energy and/or data transmission between a source device and at least one target device
DE102008056929A1 (de) 2007-11-19 2009-09-03 Brühn, Xenia Drahtlose Energie- und Datenübertragung unter Einsatz von Resonatoren
US7876085B2 (en) * 2009-06-10 2011-01-25 Grenergy Opto, Inc. Quasi-resonant valley voltage detecting method and apparatus
DE102012109359A1 (de) * 2012-10-02 2014-04-03 Infineon Technologies Ag Booster-Antenne für eine Chip-Anordnung, Kontaktlos-Chipkartenmodul-Anordnung und Chip-Anordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0185610A2 (fr) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH Dispositif pour la transmission sans contact de signal et d'énergie
GB2173623A (en) * 1985-04-10 1986-10-15 The General Electric Co Plc Transaction system

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU564509B2 (en) * 1984-10-09 1987-08-13 X-Cyte Inc. Phase-encoded transponder interrogation
US4857893A (en) * 1986-07-18 1989-08-15 Bi Inc. Single chip transponder device
IL82025A (en) * 1987-03-27 1993-07-08 Galil Electro Ltd Electronic data communications system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0185610A2 (fr) * 1984-12-21 1986-06-25 Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH Dispositif pour la transmission sans contact de signal et d'énergie
GB2173623A (en) * 1985-04-10 1986-10-15 The General Electric Co Plc Transaction system

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2670642A1 (fr) * 1990-12-18 1992-06-19 Adventure Systeme de transmission de donnees a alimentation des moyens d'emission d'un emetteur par un recepteur.
EP0509125A1 (fr) * 1991-04-19 1992-10-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif pour la transmission sans contact de données et d'énergie et procédé de mise en oeuvre
US5329274A (en) * 1991-04-19 1994-07-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Apparatus for contactless data and energy transmission and method for operating such an apparatus
WO1993023908A1 (fr) * 1992-05-10 1993-11-25 Auckland Uniservices Limited Systeme de distribution d'energie depourvu de contact
EP0644681A2 (fr) * 1993-08-15 1995-03-22 Angewandte Digital Elektronik GmbH Carte avec verrouillage dans le cas d'une interrogation à distance
EP0644681A3 (fr) * 1993-08-15 1995-08-23 Angewandte Digital Elektronik Carte avec verrouillage dans le cas d'une interrogation à distance.
NL9301697A (nl) * 1993-10-01 1995-05-01 Nedap Nv Fasedemodulator voor contactloze chipkaarten.
EP0651539A1 (fr) * 1993-10-01 1995-05-03 N.V. Nederlandsche Apparatenfabriek NEDAP Système de transmission d'informations sans contact modulée en phase
EP0704814A3 (fr) * 1994-09-30 1997-06-04 Toshiba Kk Système d'excitation de circuits à couplage magnétique
EP0984402A3 (fr) * 1998-08-31 2004-06-02 Citicorp Development Center, Inc. Terminal pour cartes à valeur mémorisée
CN107735923A (zh) * 2015-06-04 2018-02-23 富士通株式会社 受电器以及电力传输系统
CN107735923B (zh) * 2015-06-04 2021-02-05 富士通株式会社 受电器以及电力传输系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH01311391A (ja) 1989-12-15
DE58908575D1 (de) 1994-12-08
EP0334804B1 (fr) 1994-11-02
DE3810702C2 (fr) 1992-01-02
EP0334804A3 (en) 1990-05-16
US4928087A (en) 1990-05-22
DE3810702A1 (de) 1989-10-12

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