EP0330238B1 - Fixation plate for rails such as a slide plate - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a rail mounting plate such as a sliding chair or a wheel control foot plate with a sliding rail section, such as a switch tongue section, which is provided in the region interacting with the rail mounting plate surface with a first and second chamfered sliding element, such as a sliding plate, from which the first bends along the side surfaces of the Foot of the rail section and the second folds extend along the longitudinal edges of the rail mounting plate, wherein the sliding element is at least partially associated with an insulating intermediate layer, which comprises a base section running along the rail mounting plate and wiping edges interacting with the surface of the rail mounting plate.

A sliding chair is known from DE 87 00 566 U1, in which a sliding plate is present to reduce wear and friction between the sliding chair and the rail, such as tongue or vignole rail, which is supported on this. This is ensured in that bends extending in sections in the direction of the rail foot or sliding chair extend.

The surface of the sliding chair on which the sliding plate is moved has a sliding insert with several sliding elements made of a self-lubricating material, which protrude above the surface of the sliding chair and which are fixed in a frame which is removably locked in a recess in the sliding chair. The lubricant can consist of a self-lubricating sliding metal such as graphite bronze.

The lubricant ensures that regular lubrication of the sliding chair is not necessary. However, it has been shown that rust comes from the rails onto the surface of the sliding chair, which leads to an increase in the friction factor, so that a check or maintenance of the sliding chair is still required at relatively short intervals.

Another disadvantage of corresponding sliding plates is clattering noise when driving or moving the rails.

A switch arrangement is known from US Pat. No. 4,131,255 according to the preamble of claim 1, in which an intermediate layer consisting of polyamide is arranged between the switch tongue and sliding chair. The intermediate layer can be poured into a sliding element serving as a frame.

The object of the present invention is, inter alia, to design a rail mounting plate such as, in particular, a sliding chair of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that existing sliding elements can be provided with an insulating intermediate layer without problems, on the one hand to prevent undesirable noise formation and on the other hand to close the rail mounting plate while the rail section is being moved clean. The intermediate layer should not be subject to increased wear. Furthermore, it should also be ensured that the friction factor is not reduced even after long use. Finally, the rail is to be held by the rail fastening plate without an additional spring element.

The object is achieved in that the intermediate layer extends between the sliding element and the foot of the rail section and a detached from Sliding element is a U-shaped element of inherently stiff design and that starting from the base section, extending along the side surfaces of the foot of the rail section, form side walls, which have the stripping edges. In particular, it is provided that the base section of the intermediate layer is concavely curved, at least in regions, with respect to the rail fastening plate.

Noise reduction is consequently achieved by the teaching according to the invention in that the sliding element, such as in particular the sliding plate, does not come into direct contact with the rail foot. The insulating intermediate layer serving as a protective profile also has the advantage that the rail foot does not attack and destroy due to the different electrochemical potential between the sliding element and the rail foot.

The presence of the scraper edges and lips that slide along the surface of the rail mounting plate will remove deposits such as e.g. Rust, dirt particles, liquid or the like causes. Appropriate wiping edges or lips enable the rail mounting plate surface to be self-cleaned when the rail section is displaced thereon.

The concave base section results in the advantage that differing sliding elements can be accommodated by one and the same intermediate layer in terms of their dimensions with respect to the distance between the first bends. Furthermore, the concave design offers additional cushioning of the rail section on the rail mounting plate and thus noise reduction.

The intermediate layer preferably has an essentially U-shaped cross section, the legs of which in turn have a U-shaped cross section for receiving the first bends of the sliding element, such as sliding plate. A corresponding design ensures that the intermediate layer between the rail foot and the sliding element is securely fixed.

Around a rail mounting plate such as a sliding chair or a control arm base plate with a sliding rail section such as a switch tongue section, which is provided in the region interacting with the rail mounting plate surface with a first and second bent element, such as a sliding plate, from which the first bends along the side surfaces of the foot of the rail section and the second folds extend along the longitudinal edges of the rail fastening plate to shield against liquid flowing off the rail section, the object of the invention further provides that the first folds of the sliding element running along the foot extend at least over the entire width of the rail fastening plate and that the side edges of the Rail fastening plate-detecting second folds extend over at least the entire width of the foot.

According to a further proposal of the invention, it is provided that the area of the sliding chair on which the sliding plate slides is provided with a hard lubricant which has emergency running properties and which is flush or almost flush with the sliding chair surface. The property "hard" is intended to express that the material is harder than steel and that, in particular, the lubricant, in particular, is not affected by environmental influences.

The areas that interact with one another, in particular sliding on one another, are preferably at least partially covered with the lubricant, for example partial lubrication of the lubricant on the rail fastening plate. As a result, the hard material, which mainly has a brittle property, is transferred to the existing fastening plate in the manner of a "composite material", the elasticity of the base material, that is to say the steel, so that the disadvantages associated with the brittle are avoided. Of course, the surface of the sliding element facing the rail fastening plate, such as sliding plate, can also be provided with a lubricant. Preferably, however, the rail mounting plate forms the harder part of the pair of rail mounting plate-sliding element. The latter can be bent from a stainless steel sheet or, for example, by a coating that is protected against rust, at least that of Rail mounting plate facing surface is softer than the lubricant applied to the rail mounting plate.

The lubricant preferably contains or consists of stainless austenitic cast iron, in particular with spheroidal graphite (GGG). The lubricant can also consist of molybdenum. Also to be mentioned is the possibility that the lubricant is welded to the sliding chair or applied by plasma or flame spraying processes and contains molybdenum or ternary or quaternary alloys based on Co or Ni, optionally with additives such as Mo, Cr and / or Si.

In a further embodiment, it is proposed that the rail mounting plate is releasably arranged on a base plate for a rail to be secured by the rail mounting plate, with the holding down of the Rail mounting plate interact from this section extending laterally of the base plate with second sections starting from the base plate and at least one clamping element is provided which introduces at least one force running perpendicular to the rail mounting plate into the rail mounting plate and which is characterized in that the second sections extend from the side surfaces go out of the base plate and are wedge-shaped and can be grasped by ramp-shaped areas of the first sections and that the vertical force from the eccentric clamping element can be introduced to the rail mounting plate via spring elements, which are preferably designed as disc springs.

In order to ensure that the rail fastening plate is clamped against the rail foot and to avoid horizontal displacement of the rail fastening plate that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the rail, it is further provided that a wedge element is preferably interchangeably arranged between the latter and the base plate.

Through the proposal according to the invention, the rail fastening plate can be arranged immovably on the base plate with structurally simple means, at the same time ensuring that the rails fixed by the rail fastening plate are not tilted regardless of the forces introduced into the displaceable rail section such as the switch tongue section. Separate spring elements acting on the rail foot are not required.

Further details, advantages and features of the invention result not only from the claims, the features to be extracted from them - individually and / or in combination - but also from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine Schnittdarstellung einer Seitenansicht einer Schienenbefestigung, teilweise im Schnitt,

Fig. 2

die Schienenbefestigung gemäß Fig. 1 in Draufsicht,

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt eines Gleitbleches in Vorderansicht.

Fig. 4

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie IV-IV in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5

ein Ausschnitt des Gleitbleches gemäß Fig. 3,

Fig. 6

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 1,

Fig. 7

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie VII-VII in Fig. 1,

Fig. 8

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie VIII-VIII in Fig. 1,

Fig. 9

eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der Linie IX-IX in Fig. 1,

Fig. 10

eine weitere Schnittdarstellung durch einen Gleitstuhl mit Weichenzunge und

Fig. 11

eine im Vergleich zu Fig. 10 um 90° gedrehte Schnittdarstellung.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a sectional view of a side view of a Rail fastening, partly in section,

Fig. 2

1 in top view,

Fig. 3

a section of a sliding plate in front view.

Fig. 4

3 shows a sectional illustration along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3,

Fig. 5

3 shows a section of the sliding plate according to FIG. 3,

Fig. 6

2 shows a sectional illustration along the line VI-VI in FIG. 1,

Fig. 7

2 shows a sectional illustration along the line VII-VII in FIG. 1,

Fig. 8

2 shows a sectional illustration along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 1,

Fig. 9

2 shows a sectional illustration along the line IX-IX in FIG. 1,

Fig. 10

another sectional view through a sliding chair with switch tongue and

Fig. 11

a sectional view rotated by 90 ° compared to FIG. 10.

The device for fastening rails shown in FIG. 1 serves to hold down stock rails as well as the inside of the running rail in the area of wheel handlebar stands, which run in the points and / or crossing area. For simplification, however, it should be assumed that a stock rail (10) is to be attached by means of a sliding chair (12). The sliding chair (12) is detachably arranged on a base plate (14), on which the stock rail may overlap supports an intermediate layer (16) made of shock-absorbing material. On the side opposite the sliding chair (12), the rail foot (18) bears against a stop (20). Furthermore, the rail foot (18) is held down by means of a tensioning element (22) of conventional construction. The base plate (14) preferably also lies on a base such as a threshold (26) via a shock-absorbing intermediate layer (24). The base plate (14) is fixed via a fastening element (28) starting from the threshold (26). Disc springs, not specified, ensure in particular, taking into account the intermediate layer (24) such as a rubber plate, that there is no uncontrolled loosening of the fastening element (28).

On the opposite side, a screw element (30) also extends from the threshold (26). Its shaft (32) passes eccentrically through a preferably hexagonal sleeve (34) which runs through openings (36) in the base plate (14) that are adapted to the geometry of the sleeve (34) in such a way that the base plate (14) with sliding chair (12 ) is axially displaceable depending on the position of the sleeve (34). This results in an attachment according to DE-GM 87 07 560. If the sleeve (34) is rotated around the shaft (32), the base plate (14) moves. So that the screw element (28) does not represent a disability, its shaft (38) penetrates a recess (40) that is larger than its diameter.

The sliding chair (12) experiences a force introduction via a flange-like section (42) of the sleeve (34). The section (42) lies on a step (44) in the transition area between the recesses (46) and (48). The diameter of the recess (46) is selected to be slightly larger than the diameter of the section (42). Between the head (50) of the screw (30) and the sleeve (34), spring elements such as disc springs (52) are arranged, which are surrounded by a cap-shaped, U-shaped element in section. When the screw (30) is tightened, forces running perpendicular to the surface of the sliding chair are therefore introduced into the sliding chair (12) via the spring elements (52).

This results in the sliding chair being held down, the front end of which rests on the upper side (56) of the rail foot (18). As with the element (28), the plate springs (52) ensure that there is a constant preload which prevents the screw (30) from loosening.

In addition, the sliding chair (12) is held down by sections (58) and (60) extending laterally from the sliding chair (12), which with sections (66) and (wedge-shaped) starting from the side surfaces (62) and (64) of the base plate 68) interact. For this purpose, the section (58) between the surface (70) facing the underside of the sliding chair (12) and the underside (72) of the sliding chair provides a side view of a V-shaped free space in which the wedge-shaped sections (66) and (68) can be inserted are. Characterized in that the sections (58) and (60) of the sliding chair plate (12) underlap the sections (66) and (68) of the base plate (14) at least in regions, the sliding chair is held down to the required extent, so that the interaction with the rail foot ( 18) is ensured in the area of the upper side (56) thereof, so that the rail (10) cannot tip away when being driven over.

A heating element (76) can be arranged between the end region (74) and the upper side (56) of the rail foot (18).

In the rear area between the sliding chair (12) and the base plate (14), a wedge element (86) with a square cross section is arranged in a recess (84) in the base plate (14), which comes to rest against a bevel (82) in the underside of the sliding chair and interacts with it in such a way that when the tensioning element (30) is tightened, the sliding chair (12) is pressed against the rail foot (18). Of course, the base plate (14) can have a ramp-shaped end section along which an incline of the sliding chair (12) can be displaced, which would result in the same effect as with the wedge element (86).

A switch tongue section (80) is now displaceably arranged on the sliding chair (12). A sliding plate (94) is arranged between the bottom surface (88) of the foot (90) of the switch tongue section (80) and the surface (92) of the slide chair (12), through which the friction factor between the switch tongue section (80) and the slide chair (12 ) should be reduced. In order to fix the sliding plate (94) to the required extent, it has first and second bends (96), (98) and (100), (102). The first folds (96) and (98) run along the side surfaces of the rail foot (90) and the second folds (100) and (102) along the side edges or surfaces (104) and (106) of the sliding chair (12). This ensures that the sliding plate remains securely between the switch tongue section (80) and the surface (92) of the sliding chair (12) when it is moved. The length of the first and second folds (96), (98) and (100), (102) is selected so that the switch tongue section (80) is shielded from the sliding chair (12) to such an extent that the rail foot (90 ) liquid flowing along the longitudinal edges of the liquid cannot reach the surface (92) of the sliding chair (12), but is drained off along the inner surfaces of the first bends (96) and (98) away from the sliding chair (12). The first bends (96) and (98) therefore preferably extend laterally beyond the longitudinal edges (104) and (106) of the sliding chair (12). Furthermore, the second bevels (100) and (102) which grip the side edges (104), (106) can extend over at least the entire width of the foot (90). The bevels (100) and (102) - optionally also the bevels (96) and (98) - preferably have a trapezoidal shape, as shown in FIG. 1.

In other words, the length of the first and second bends (96) and (98) or (100) and (102) is chosen so that the switch tongue section (80) is shielded from the sliding chair (12) to the extent that the the liquid flowing along the longitudinal edge of the rail foot (90) cannot reach the sliding chair surface (92), but along the inner surfaces of the folds (96) and (98) and then over the Outer surfaces of the folds (100) and (102) are derived from the sliding chair (12) to the outside. The folds (96) and (98) therefore preferably extend laterally beyond the longitudinal edges (104) and (106) of the sliding chair (12).

Furthermore, the area of the sliding chair (12) on which the sliding plate (94) slides can be provided with a hard lubricant which has emergency running properties. The lubricant can preferably be GGG-NiCr 20, but can also be molybdenum applied in the plasma or flame spraying process. The thickness of the lubricant is preferably about 0.1 to 1 mm.

Between the underside (88) of the rail foot (90) and the sliding plate (94) there is also an insulating and inherently rigid intermediate layer (108), which is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

The intermediate layer (108) made of plastic is an element which has a U-shaped geometry and serves as a protective profile, the side legs (110) of which emanate from a base section (118), the first folds (96) and (98) of the Take up the sliding plate (94). For this purpose, the side walls (110) have a correspondingly formed slot or groove (112). The outer wall area (114) is also provided in the area of its free lower edge with a wiping edge or wiping lip (116) which is tapered to a point and which runs laterally below the base section (118) when the intermediate layer is relaxed. The wiper lip (116) can then slide along the surface (92) of the sliding chair (12) to clean it.

The intermediate layer not only has the task of cleaning the sliding chair with the scraper edge (116), but is also intended to dampen noise.

It should also be mentioned that the base section (118) running between the legs (110) at least in the central region the surface (92) of the sliding chair (12) is concavely curved. This area is provided with the reference symbol (120). The arched area (22) starts from flat edge sections (122) which directly adjoin the legs (110). The curved central area (120) provides additional damping. Furthermore, the distance between the legs (110) can be changed by the degree of curvature in order to be able to accommodate sliding plates in which the distance between the first bends varies.

In order to ensure that the sliding plate (94) is securely attached to the rail foot (90), areas (248) and (250) of the bevels (96) and (98) can emanate from the areas that are facing away from the sliding chair (12). 252) and (254) of the rail foot (90). The clamping elements (248) and (250) can be of any design. Thus, a spring element can extend from the fold (92), but it does not necessarily have to be part of the fold (96). These and further details result directly from FIGS. 10 and 11, in which, in accordance with the description given above, the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

6 to 9 show sectional views of the illustration in FIG. 1, without further explanation being required. The function of the mutually interacting sections (58), (60) and (66), (68), which start from the side surfaces of the sliding chair (12) or the base plate (14), in order to hold the former down, can be seen readily. It can also be seen from the sectional views in the area of line VI-VI that turning the sleeve (34) causes the base plate (14) with sliding chair (12) to be displaced with respect to the threshold (26).

A comparison of the representations of FIGS. 2 and 8 shows that the end face (126) of the sliding chair (12) interacting with the side face (124) of the rail foot (18) is spherical, but a flattening has occurred in the contact area (128) , which is created by moving the sliding chair (12) in the direction of the rail (10). This also becomes a Secure setting of the sliding chair (12) and thus the rail (10) caused, which ultimately ensures that forces introduced into this do not cause tilting.

Claims (19)

1. Rail fastening plate in the form of a slide chair (12) or guard rail footplate, having a rail section in the form of a switch tongue section (80) which is displaceable thereon and, in the region interacting with the surface of the rail fastening plate, is provided with a sliding element (94) in the form of a slide plate having first and second chamfers, of which the first chamfers (96, 98) extend along the side surfaces of the foot (90) of the rail section and the second chamfers (100, 102) extend along the longitudinal edges (104, 106) of the rail fastening plate, there being associated with the slide element (94) at least in sections an insulating intermediate layer (108) comprising a bottom section (118), which extends along the rail fastening plate, as well as stripping edges (116) which interact with the surface of the rail fastening plate,
   characterized in that
   the intermediate layer (108) extends between the slide element (94) and the foot (90) of the rail section and is an inherently rigid U-shaped element dissociated from the slide element, and that limbs (110) extending along the side surfaces of the foot (90) of the rail section (80) and forming side walls emanate from the bottom section and have the stripping edges (116).
2. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the bottom section (118) of the intermediate layer (108) at least in sections is vaulted in a concave manner in relation to the rail fastening plate (12).
3. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the first chamfers (96, 98) of the slide element (94) in the form of a slide plate extend at least in sections inside the side walls (110) of the intermediate layer (108).
4. Rail fastening plate according to at least one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the side walls (110) of the intermediate layer (108) are divided by longitudinal recesses (112) such as slots, gaps or grooves, which accommodate the first chamfers (96, 98), into spaced-apart inner and outer side wall sections (114), the height of the outer side wall sections (114) which have the stripping edges or lips (116) extending laterally below the bottom section (118) when the intermediate layer (108) is relaxed.
5. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the vaulted section (120) emanates from edge sections (122) of the bottom section (118) which extend substantially at right angles to the side walls (110).
6. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the intermediate layer (108) extends laterally over the edges (104, 106) of the rail fastening plate (12) and preferably the second chamfers (100, 102) of the slide element (94) extend over the entire foot width of the rail section (80).
7. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the intermediate layer (108) is composed of sections which are spaced apart from one another below the rail foot (90).
8. Rail fastening plate according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the intermediate layer (108) has a substantially U-shaped cross-section, whose limbs (110) in turn have a U-shaped cross-section for receiving the first chamfers (96, 98) of the slide element (94).
9. Rail fastening plate preferably according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first chamfers (96, 98) of the slide element (94) which run along the foot (90) extend at least over the entire width of the rail fastening plate (12) and the second chamfers (100, 102) which grasp the side edges (104, 106) of the rail fastening plate extend over at least the entire width of the foot (90).
10. Rail fastening plate according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the first chamfers (96, 98) extend beyond the side edges (104, 106) of the rail fastening plate (12).
11. Rail fastening plate according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    a tension element, which is supported against the foot (90), emanates from at least one of the first chamfers (96, 98) or is a part thereof.
12. Rail fastening plate according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the first chamfers (96, 98) at least in sections lie against the surface (252, 254) of the foot (90) remote from the rail fastening plate (12).
13. Rail fastening plate according to at least one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the slide element (94) is slidable along a region of the rail fastening plate (12) which is provided with a hard sliding means, which has emergency running properties and terminates flush or almost flush with the surface (92) of the rail fastening plate.
14. Rail fastening plate according to claim 13,
    characterized in that
    the sliding means contains or is made of rustproof austenitic cast iron, in particular nodular graphite iron (GGG), the thickness of the sliding means preferably being between 0.1 and 1 mm, preferably between 0.2 and 0.4 mm.
15. Rail fastening plate according to claim 14,
    characterized in that
    the sliding means is or is made of austenitic nodular graphite iron (GGG) having Ni and Cr fractions, with preferably the Ni fraction being 18.0 to 22.0% and the Cr fraction being 1.0 to 2.5% of the GGG sliding means (26).
16. Rail fastening plate (12) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the rail fastening plate is disposed detachably on a base plate (14) for a rail (10) which is to be secured by the rail fastening plate, wherein, for holding down the rail fastening plate, first sections (58, 60) extending from said plate laterally of the base plate interact with second sections (66, 68) emanating from the base plate and wherein at least one tension element (30) is provided, which initiates at least one force extending at right angles to the rail fastening plate surface into the rail fastening plate,
    characterized in that
    the second sections (66, 68) emanate from the side surfaces (62, 64) of the base plate (14) and are of a wedge-shaped construction and may be grasped underneath by ramp-like acting regions (70) of the first sections (58, 60) and that the vertical force may be initiated by the tension element (30) onto the rail fastening plate (12) via spring elements (52).
17. Rail fastening plate according to claim 16,
    characterized in that
    the spring element (52) is formed by cup springs.
18. Rail fastening plate according to claim 16,
    characterized in that
    the tension element (30) comprises a sleeve (34), which is eccentrically penetrated by a screw element and by means of which the base plate (14) with the rail fastening plate (12) is displaceable relative to a base such as a sleeper (26).
19. Rail fastening plate according to claim 18,
    characterized in that
    disposed in the rear region of the rail fastening plate (12) between said plate and the base plate is a preferably square and exchangeable wedge element by means of which, when the tension element (30) is tightened, the rail fastening plate is displaceable relative to the base plate (14) in the direction of the rail (10).

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