EP0328951A1 - Tube à rayons X - Google Patents

Tube à rayons X Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0328951A1
EP0328951A1 EP89101820A EP89101820A EP0328951A1 EP 0328951 A1 EP0328951 A1 EP 0328951A1 EP 89101820 A EP89101820 A EP 89101820A EP 89101820 A EP89101820 A EP 89101820A EP 0328951 A1 EP0328951 A1 EP 0328951A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat absorption
rotating anode
absorption body
ray tube
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89101820A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0328951B1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dipl.-Ing. Bittl (Fh)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0328951A1 publication Critical patent/EP0328951A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0328951B1 publication Critical patent/EP0328951B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
    • H01J2235/1262—Circulating fluids
    • H01J2235/1266—Circulating fluids flow being via moving conduit or shaft

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an x-ray tube with a fixed cathode and a rotating anode, which are arranged in an evacuated housing, with an axis connected to the housing, on which the rotating anode is rotatably arranged with the aid of bearings, and with a heat absorption body connected to the housing.
  • the rotating anode is designed as a hollow body, in the interior of which the heat absorption body engages, and the heat absorption body is subjected to a cooling medium for removing the heat transferred from the wall of the interior of the rotating anode by radiation to the outer surface of the heat absorption body opposite the wall of the interior.
  • the heat loss that occurs when X-rays are generated on the rotating anode is only partially released to the environment by radiation via the housing. A substantial part of the heat loss is transferred to the heat absorption body by radiation and dissipated from it by means of the cooling medium. This leads to a higher thermal load capacity of the rotating anode, since a larger amount of heat can be dissipated from it per unit of time.
  • An X-ray tube of the type mentioned is known from DE-0S 34 29 799.
  • the heat absorption body is attached to a shaft connected to the housing, the central axis of which is aligned with that of the axis on which the rotating anode is mounted.
  • the heat absorption body then engages from one end of the rotating anode into its interior.
  • the rotating anode thereof can only be mounted overhung; both bearings are thus on the side of the rotating anode facing away from the heat absorption body.
  • Such a storage leaves something to be desired in terms of its rigidity.
  • the invention has for its object to design an X-ray tube of the type mentioned so that a rigid mounting of the rotating anode is ensured and the manufacturing cost of the X-ray tube is low.
  • the heat absorption body is acted upon by the cooling medium, by having an on and an off from a channel running in the axis Flow opening is traversed, in which the cooling medium flows, there is in addition to a good dissipation of the heat absorbed by the heat absorption body, the advantage that an effective dissipation of the heat that reaches the bearings from the rotating anode by heat conduction is guaranteed.
  • the heat dissipation can be further improved if, according to a variant of the invention, the channel runs in the heat absorption body close to its outer surface.
  • embodiments of the invention provide that the channel branches into several partial channels in the area of the heat absorption body and that the wall of the interior of the rotating anode and / or the outer surface of the heat absorption body is blackened.
  • the channel for the cooling medium can be produced in a particularly simple manner if, according to a variant of the invention, the inlet opening of the channel is located at one end of the axis and the outlet opening at the other end.
  • Another variant of the invention provides that the X-ray tube is arranged in a protective housing filled with an electrically insulating liquid and the liquid in the protective housing flows through the channel as a cooling medium. In this way, e.g. with the help of a pump, a coolant flow can be generated through the channel with little effort.
  • one embodiment of the invention provides that the rotating anode has at its opposite ends a sleeve made of a material with a low thermal conductivity, in the bore of which the respective bearing is received.
  • a sleeve can form the stator of an electric motor that drives the rotating anode.
  • the X-ray tube according to the invention has a fixed cathode 1 and a rotating anode, designated overall by 2, which are arranged in an evacuated housing 3, which in turn is in a container with an electrically insulating liquid, e.g. Insulating oil, filled protective housing 4 is added.
  • a fixed axis 5 is connected to the housing 3, on which the rotating anode 2 is rotatably supported by means of two roller bearings 6, 7.
  • the rotating anode 2 is designed as a rotationally symmetrical hollow body.
  • the rotating anode 2 has a frustoconical section 8, at the smaller end of which a radially inwardly directed flange 9 is integrally connected.
  • a tubular part 10 adjoins the larger end of the frustoconical section 8, to which an annular disk 12 is fastened with its outer edge by means of schematically indicated screws 11.
  • the frustoconical section 8 of the rotating anode 2 is provided with a layer 13 made of a tungsten-rhenium alloy, onto which an electron beam 14 emanating from the cathode 1 is incident to produce an X-ray beam emerging through a radiation exit window 4a provided in the protective housing 4, of which only an X-ray 15 is shown.
  • a fixed, rotationally symmetrical heat absorption body 16 Arranged in the interior of the rotating anode 2 is a fixed, rotationally symmetrical heat absorption body 16 connected to the housing 3, on the outer surface 17 of which a large part of the heat loss generated by the generation of the X-ray beam is radiated from the wall 18 of the interior of the rotating anode 2.
  • the heat absorption body 16 is connected to the housing 3 in that it is attached to the axis 5.
  • the Axis 5 extends through the housing 3 and is connected at its ends in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the rotating anode 2 is mounted on the axle 5 at one end by means of the roller bearing 6 and at its other end by means of the roller bearing 7.
  • a channel 19 runs in the axis 5, in which a cooling medium flows in order to dissipate the heat transferred from the rotating anode 2 to the heat absorption body 16.
  • the channel 19 branches in the area of the heat absorption body 16 into a plurality of subchannels, of which two, namely the subchannels 19a and 19b, are visible in FIG.
  • the channel 19 is closed in the region of the heat absorption body 16 by a stopper, so that the cooling medium flows through openings of the wall of the axis 5 arranged in the flow direction in front of the stopper into the subchannels 19a and 19b and by further flow downstream of the stopper in the wall of the stopper Axis 5 located Tiffept enters the portion of the channel 19 located behind the plug.
  • the heat transfer by radiation from the rotating anode 2 to the heat absorption body 16 is supported in that the wall 18 of the interior of the rotating anode 2 and the outer surface of the heat absorption body 16 are each provided with a layer of a suitable black material indicated by the reference numerals 17a and 18a.
  • the inflow opening 20 of the channel is at one end and the outflow opening 21 is at the other end of the axis 5.
  • the cooling medium flows in the channel 19 in the protective housing 4 liquid.
  • the required liquid flow is generated by means of a schematically indicated pump 22, which draws in liquid via a line 23, which takes its exit in the area of the outflow opening 21, and via a line 24, one connected to the protective housing 4 and into the inflow opening 20 of the channel 19 projecting pipe socket 25 is supplied.
  • a cooler 26 is connected into the liquid circuit in front of the pump 22. If a cooler is not required, the cooling circuit can also take place within the protective housing 4 in a manner not shown.
  • a pump is then provided in the interior of the protective housing 4, which feeds the liquid in the protective housing to the inflow opening 20 of the channel 19 in order to generate a liquid flow. No lines running outside the protective housing 4 are then required.
  • the rotating anode is at its opposite ends, i.e. on the flange 9 and on the disk 12, each provided with a sleeve 27 or 28, which is formed from a material with a low thermal conductivity and accommodates the respective roller bearing 6 or 7 in its bore.
  • the heat absorption body 16 and the axis 5, unlike in the figure, can be formed as composite components made of several materials with good thermal conductivity.
  • measures can be taken which make the heat transfer between the sleeves 27, 28 and the outer rings of the roller bearings 6, 7 mounted in these sleeves 27, 28 more difficult.
  • the outer rings of the roller bearings 6, 7 can e.g. only touch the holes in the sleeves 27, 28 in a punctiform manner.
  • the structure of the rotating anode 2 shown in the figure is only to be understood as an example. It is only essential that the rotating anode 2 is designed as a hollow body, in the interior of which the heat absorption body 16 can be arranged and acted upon by the cooling medium. As a result of the formation of the rotating anode 2 as a hollow body, this has a low moment of inertia, so that the rotating anode 2 has a short run-up time.
  • the housing 3 consists of two metallic housing parts 31 and 32 which are connected to one another by welding.
  • the housing part 31 is of a pot-shaped configuration and has a tubular extension 31a, the outer wall of which is surrounded by the stator 29, while the sleeve 28 forming the rotor with the coating 30 is located inside the tubular extension 31a.
  • the tubular extension 31a is provided at its free end with a bottom 31b which has a bore into which the axis 5 engages at one end.
  • the axis 5 is welded to the bottom 31b of the tubular extension 31a.
  • the other end of the axis 5 engages in a bore in the housing part 32 and is also fastened there by welding.
  • a tubular insulator 33 which receives the cathode 1, is attached laterally to the housing part 31.
  • the insulator 33 is connected to the housing part 31 with the interposition of a suitably shaped metal ring 34 by welding.
  • the housing part 32 is provided with a radiation exit window 32a made of a suitable material, e.g. Beryllium provided, which is arranged opposite the radiation exit window 4a of the protective housing 4.
  • a radiation exit window 32a made of a suitable material, e.g. Beryllium provided, which is arranged opposite the radiation exit window 4a of the protective housing 4.
  • a generator device 35 shown schematically, is provided for supplying power to the X-ray tube.
  • This contains a heating voltage source 36 for the heating voltage required for the cathode 1.
  • the generator device 35 also contains a high-voltage source 37, which emits the high voltage required for generating x-rays, which is present between the rotating anode 2 and the cathode 1. It also includes the genes Rator device 35, a voltage source 38 which outputs the operating voltage required for the electric motor 29 and 28 or 30 provided for driving the rotating anode 2.
  • the lines leading from the generator device 35 to the individual elements of the x-ray tube are indicated schematically in the figure.
  • the rotating anode 2 and the one connection of the stator 29 are at a common potential, namely ground potential. Since no insulation measures have been taken between the rotating anode 2 and the housing, all components of the X-ray tube are therefore at earth potential 39.
  • the X-ray tube is therefore of single-pole design. Among other things, this offers the advantage that no insulators are required between the stator 29 of the electric motor provided for driving the rotating anode 2 and the housing 3.
  • the stator 29 can thus be placed directly on the tubular extension 31a of the housing part 31, as shown in the figure.
  • the electric motor provided for driving the rotating anode 2 thus has a very small air gap, whereby the advantage of a very good grip and thus a short ramp-up time of the electric motor or the rotating anode 2 is achieved.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
EP89101820A 1988-02-15 1989-02-02 Tube à rayons X Expired - Lifetime EP0328951B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8801941U 1988-02-15
DE8801941U DE8801941U1 (de) 1988-02-15 1988-02-15 Röntgenröhre

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0328951A1 true EP0328951A1 (fr) 1989-08-23
EP0328951B1 EP0328951B1 (fr) 1993-04-21

Family

ID=6820695

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89101820A Expired - Lifetime EP0328951B1 (fr) 1988-02-15 1989-02-02 Tube à rayons X

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4949369A (fr)
EP (1) EP0328951B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8801941U1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19607072A1 (de) * 1995-02-28 1996-08-29 Gen Electric Kompakte medizinische Röntgenröhre mit einem Fluid-gekühlten thermischen Strahlungsrezeptor
EP0780876A3 (fr) * 1995-12-23 1997-12-10 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Système d'entraínnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X
US5887629A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-03-30 Grob & Co. Aktiengesellschaft Corner connection for a heddle shaft
DE10318194A1 (de) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-25 Siemens Ag Röntgenröhre mit Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5185774A (en) * 1990-11-23 1993-02-09 Pxt Technology, Inc. X-ray tube construction
US5732123A (en) * 1993-07-13 1998-03-24 David V. Habif, Jr. Method and system for extending the service life of an x-ray tube
US5596622A (en) * 1993-07-13 1997-01-21 David V. Habif, Jr. Method and system for extending the service life of an x-ray tube
US5440608A (en) * 1993-07-13 1995-08-08 David V. Habif, Jr. Method and system for extending the service life of an x-ray tube
US6154521A (en) * 1998-10-26 2000-11-28 Picker International, Inc. Gyrating anode x-ray tube
US6254272B1 (en) 1999-02-05 2001-07-03 Maurice D. Dilick Method and apparatus for extending the life of an x-ray tube
DE19914825A1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-06-29 Siemens Ag Vakuumgehäuse für eine Elektronenröhre
JP4357094B2 (ja) * 1999-08-10 2009-11-04 株式会社東芝 回転陽極型ｘ線管及びそれを内蔵したｘ線管装置
US6377659B1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2002-04-23 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Company, Llc X-ray tubes and x-ray systems having a thermal gradient device
EP1432005A4 (fr) * 2001-08-29 2006-06-21 Toshiba Kk Tube a rayons x rotatif a pole positif
AU2003201153A1 (en) * 2002-02-11 2003-09-04 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. A device for generating x-rays
JP3836855B2 (ja) * 2004-07-15 2006-10-25 株式会社リガク 回転対陰極ｘ線管及びｘ線発生装置
FR2879810B1 (fr) * 2004-12-21 2007-02-16 Gen Electric Tube a rayons x bien refroidi

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546511A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-12-08 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd Cooling system for a rotating anode of an x-ray tube
DE2748069A1 (de) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-03 Braun M Gmbh Drehanodenkonstruktion in einem roentgengenerator
DE3429799A1 (de) * 1984-08-13 1986-02-20 Siemens Ag Drehanoden-roentgenroehre

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60105146A (ja) * 1983-11-09 1985-06-10 Hitachi Ltd 回転陽極エツクス線管装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3546511A (en) * 1967-07-31 1970-12-08 Rigaku Denki Co Ltd Cooling system for a rotating anode of an x-ray tube
DE2748069A1 (de) * 1977-10-26 1979-05-03 Braun M Gmbh Drehanodenkonstruktion in einem roentgengenerator
DE3429799A1 (de) * 1984-08-13 1986-02-20 Siemens Ag Drehanoden-roentgenroehre

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, Band 9, Nr. 255 >(E-349)[1978], 12. Oktober 1985; & JP-A-60 105 146 (HITACHI SEISAKUSHO K.K.) 10-06-1985 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19607072A1 (de) * 1995-02-28 1996-08-29 Gen Electric Kompakte medizinische Röntgenröhre mit einem Fluid-gekühlten thermischen Strahlungsrezeptor
EP0780876A3 (fr) * 1995-12-23 1997-12-10 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Système d'entraínnement pour anode tournante de tube à rayons X
US5887629A (en) * 1996-03-28 1999-03-30 Grob & Co. Aktiengesellschaft Corner connection for a heddle shaft
DE10318194A1 (de) * 2003-04-22 2004-11-25 Siemens Ag Röntgenröhre mit Flüssigmetall-Gleitlager

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4949369A (en) 1990-08-14
DE8801941U1 (de) 1989-06-15
DE58904093D1 (de) 1993-05-27
EP0328951B1 (fr) 1993-04-21

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