EP0327770B2 - Method of making mechanical bar joints, bar joint making possible the method, and mechanical bar joint made by same - Google Patents
Method of making mechanical bar joints, bar joint making possible the method, and mechanical bar joint made by same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0327770B2 EP0327770B2 EP88403093A EP88403093A EP0327770B2 EP 0327770 B2 EP0327770 B2 EP 0327770B2 EP 88403093 A EP88403093 A EP 88403093A EP 88403093 A EP88403093 A EP 88403093A EP 0327770 B2 EP0327770 B2 EP 0327770B2
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- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- diameter
- section
- fact
- connection
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
- E04C5/165—Coaxial connection by means of sleeves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/57—Distinct end coupler
- Y10T403/5733—Plural opposed sockets
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
- Y10T403/57—Distinct end coupler
- Y10T403/5746—Continuous thread
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method of making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, as well as a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced. It will find its application in particular in the field of construction of building elements or concrete buildings.
- Another proposed technique consists in using a mechanical connection.
- the conical thread system in which the ends of the concrete rods to be bonded are machined in the form of a conical thread, which allows them to be fitted and screwed inside a coupler to drown in the concrete block.
- This system also does not allow the use of a simple coupling sleeve with right and left thread to ensure the junction with adjustment of the traction. It is necessary to use several pieces to constitute a stack and allow a length adjustment.
- this technique requires oversizing the diameters of concrete bars, of the order of 20%, in order to resist the forces which are concentrated at the threaded ends of the bars. Its cost is high.
- Document GB-1.546.253 discloses a mechanical connection of concrete rods, in which the threaded ends of the concrete rods are assembled end to end using tapped connection sleeves.
- the objective of this document is to propose to put the threads of the rounds in compression and the threads of the sleeve in tension; this is authorized by providing between the two threads of the sleeve a space less than the space formed by the two chamfers of the ends of the rounds to be bonded.
- Another mechanical connection is also used; it is the crimping of the ends of rounds to be joined.
- a sleeve is used in which the two ends of the concrete rods are threaded. Using a jack and a press, the bush is crimped onto the concrete bars.
- Document FR-1-1.047.189 discloses a fastening process for wires and metal bars in which the fastening is essentially constituted by a frusto-conical pressurized head, cold stamped, this after introduction of the wire or the bar into the fasteners.
- the shape of the head is such that it gives the fastener the necessary support and sufficient shear strength to transfer the danger of breaking into the wire or the bar.
- Standard BS-81 10: par 1: 1985-3.12.8.16.2 stipulates that concrete reinforcing bars assembled by means of a connecting sleeve must be able to undergo a tensile test in which the circles are subjected to a force corresponding to 60 of the elastic limit and after which the permanent elongation must not exceed 0.1 mm.
- the main object of the present invention is to present a method of making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, to a concrete rod authorizing the implementation of said method as well as to a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced which offer the advantages of high job security, easy implementation and competitive cost, while overcoming the drawbacks of known systems.
- the technique of the present invention requires limited machining and the use of conventional, non-binding means.
- One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a mechanical connection of concrete rods, as well as a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced, which make it possible to comply with the very severe criteria of deformation imposed by certain standards. or certain regulations imposing tests up to 80% of the elastic resistance.
- One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for making a mechanical connection of concrete rods which makes it possible to make mechanical connections in which all the threaded concrete rods are tested, which is fundamental in terms of quality control and which provides an important guarantee for the structure.
- the mechanical connection of concrete rod obtained by the implementation of the method of the present invention comprising at least one connecting sleeve having at least one internal thread, as well as a concrete rod to be bonded having a nominal section.
- " ⁇ " and at least one end to be bonded is characterized in that the said end to be bonded has at least one zone reinforced by cold delivery, carrying a threaded portion and corresponding to said tapping, said reinforced zone having a section of diameter "d 1 " greater at said nominal section " ⁇ ", said threaded part having a bottom diameter "d 2 ", and being provided on said reinforced zone such that the diameter "d 2 " is equal to or greater than the nominal section " ⁇ ".
- the present invention relates to a method for making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, to a concrete rod authorizing the implementation of said method, as well as to a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced which will find their applications in particular in construction of concrete elements, buildings or buildings.
- tie rods are used which pass right through the concrete elements and which are placed under tension to generate a compressive force in the concrete.
- the adjustment of the tensile force and the choice of the location of the tie rods must be carefully determined by preliminary calculations.
- the tie rods are formed by a combination of concrete bars placed end to end.
- the junction used to secure the concrete reinforcing bars must be able to withstand the tensile force, be easily installed and also be economical.
- the mechanical connection of the present invention makes it possible to secure two concrete rods 1 and 2, end to end, substantially coaxially as illustrated in FIG. 1.
- a tapped sleeve 3 for connection is used to receive the ends threaded 4 and 5 respectively of concrete rods 1 and 2.
- the end of the concrete reinforcing bar is reinforced, so that it is more resistant than the central part of the bar.
- the rupture occurs in the central part of the bar and no longer at the junction.
- the choice of the section of the concrete reinforcing bar can be made according to the resistance to be obtained in the central part of the bar and no longer in the weakened part of the connection as is traditionally encountered.
- the concrete rods used in the context of the present invention will be of smaller cross section, which allows substantial savings to be made.
- the reinforcement of the end of the concrete rod to be bonded is obtained, prior to threading, by a cold discharge.
- the traditional cold backflow technique requires dimensional changes in the workpiece to be greater than 30%. For example, a diameter of 40 mm cold pressed using traditional techniques leads to a diameter of around 55 mm. However, such a deformation of the material does not provide the expected results and there is a loss of strength. This is mainly located at the level of the diameter change zone. Tensile tests show that failure occurs at this level.
- the end is reinforced over the length of the thread by a cold delivery which provides an increase in diameters, equal to or less than 30%, and in particular between 10 and 30%.
- This value makes it possible both to obtain an increase in resistance due to the increase in section and also a slight increase in internal stress so as not to weaken the concrete reinforcing bar at the level of the change in diameter.
- Table 1 indicates, by way of example, values of delivery diameter d 1 to be obtained before threading as a function of the nominal diameter ⁇ of the bar used, giving good results in use. TABLE 1 ⁇ nominal mm d 1 mm thread d 1 - ⁇ ⁇ 16 20 25% 20 24 20% 25 30 20% 32 36 12% 40 45 12% 50 56 12% 56 64 14%
- the values indicated show that the cold discharge can be in percentage the smaller the larger the diameter of the bar.
- the section of the concrete ring at the level of the thread d 2 of the discharge end must be at least slightly greater than the current section ⁇ of the concrete round to be connected.
- the delivery operation of the present invention must be carried out cold. Indeed, a hot discharge has the drawback of weakening the transition zone due to uncontrolled cooling. Generally, hyper-quenching occurs which weakens the metal. The hot process must also be implemented off site because it requires ovens which must be supplied with energy often not available on site.
- Concrete rounds being generally made of steels with a high carbon and manganese content, are therefore very sensitive to thermal shock and cold delivery is therefore recommended.
- the length of the thread produced at the end of the concrete rounds must correspond appreciably to the diameter ⁇ of the said round to provide safety, since thread lengths of 0.7 times the diameter are sufficient to resist traction. However, it could be higher.
- the mechanical connection of the present invention may also be implemented in the case of fixed concrete rods, which cannot be spread apart as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- one of the bars 1 has a thread 4 of double length made around a repressed end, and the sleeve 3 initially placed around the thread 4 will be rotated to cover the threads of the concrete rods 2.
- the threads 4 and 5 will have the same direction.
- the implementation of the mechanical connection of the present invention can also be carried out at the level of anchor points for concrete rods 1 as illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the threaded end 4 of the concrete rod receives a backflow made cold to strengthen it, and this end is fixed to an anchor sleeve 6 secured to the block 7 of concrete.
- the end 4 and / or 5 of the concrete reinforcing bar 1 and / or 2, reinforced by a discharge, is prestressed.
- Figures 4 and 5 illustrate by way of example two devices that can be used.
- a threaded support sleeve 11 is placed on it, then the concrete rod thus equipped is immobilized and the end considered 4 is subjected to action a cylinder 6 or the like.
- the sleeve 11 is then blocked on the support plate 7 and the jack acts directly on the end to be constrained.
- the end 8 of the jack can be equipped with a punch which makes an indelible mark at the level of the driven end 4.
- Figure 5 shows a completely equivalent procedure, but reversed, in which one implements a threaded support sleeve 11 and a support plate 7. But, in this case, it is the body of the concrete ring 1 which is blocked by any clamp device, shown schematically at 9 in the figure, and the jack acts on the support plate 7, in the direction of the arrows 10, action which is reflected on the threaded support sleeve 11 for realize the constraint of the end 4.
- a mechanical compression stress is carried out with an equivalent force of between 70 and 95% of the elastic limit of the concrete reinforcing bar.
- This method of producing a concrete reinforcing bar therefore makes it possible to obtain a concrete reinforcing bar 1 or 2 having a forced threaded forced end 4 or 5.
Description
L'invention est relative a un procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds a béton, ainsi qu'à une liaison mécanique de ronds a béton ainsi réalisée. Elle trouvera notamment son application dans le domaine de la construction d'éléments de bâtiments ou d' édifices en béton.The invention relates to a method of making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, as well as a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced. It will find its application in particular in the field of construction of building elements or concrete buildings.
Pour lier les ronds a béton, il est courant de réaliser des jonctions dont le rôle est d'assurer la transmission de l'effort de traction; elle doit, en outre, être commode dans sa mise en oeuvre et économique. Différentes solutions sont proposées par les constructeurs pour assurer la jonction mécanique des ronds à béton.To link the concrete rounds, it is common to make junctions whose role is to ensure the transmission of the tensile force; it must, moreover, be convenient in its implementation and economical. Different solutions are proposed by manufacturers to ensure the mechanical joining of concrete reinforcing bars.
Il existe tout d'abord le système par recouvrement. Cette technique présente plusieurs inconvénients : en particulier, il faut laisser en attente une longueur de rond à béton relativement importante, jusqu'à deux mètres par exemple, pour pouvoir par la suite effectuer la jonction, ce qui est gênant et difficile, voire même impossible à replier en raison des diamètres importants rencontrés.First there is the overlap system. This technique has several drawbacks: in particular, it is necessary to leave a relatively long length of concrete reinforcing stone waiting, up to two meters for example, in order to be able to subsequently carry out the junction, which is inconvenient and difficult, even impossible to be folded due to the large diameters encountered.
Une autre technique proposée consiste à utiliser une liaison mécanique. On connait par exemple le système à filetage cônique dans lequel les extrémités des ronds à béton à lier reçoivent un usinage en forme de filetage conique, ce qui leur permet d'être emboîtées et vissées à l'intérieur d'un coupleur à noyer dans le bloc de béton.Another proposed technique consists in using a mechanical connection. We know for example the conical thread system in which the ends of the concrete rods to be bonded are machined in the form of a conical thread, which allows them to be fitted and screwed inside a coupler to drown in the concrete block.
Cette solution souffre de nombreux inconvénients; en particulier, le filetage conique est réalisé en pleine barre sur le diamètre nominal du rond à béton. L'usinage du filet diminue localement la section de la barre qui correspond sensiblement à la section à fond de filet.This solution suffers from numerous drawbacks; in particular, the conical thread is produced in full bar on the nominal diameter of the concrete rod. The machining of the thread locally decreases the cross section of the bar which corresponds substantially to the cross section at the bottom of the thread.
Lors de tests de traction, la casse du rond à béton se produit toujours au niveau de son extrémité à l'endroit où se trouve le filetage. Par conséquent, il est indéniable que cette technique de liaison mécanique fragilise le rond à béton qui doit être surdimensionné pour tenir compte de la faiblesse localisée à l'endroit du filetage.During tensile tests, breakage of the concrete reinforcing bar always occurs at its end where the thread is located. Consequently, it is undeniable that this mechanical bonding technique weakens the concrete rod which must be oversized to take account of the weakness localized at the place of the threading.
Ce système ne permet pas non plus d'utiliser un simple manchon de raccord avec filetage droit et gauche pour assurer la jonction avec réglage de la traction. Il est nécessaire d'utiliser plusieurs pièces pour constituer un empilage et permettre un réglage en longueur.This system also does not allow the use of a simple coupling sleeve with right and left thread to ensure the junction with adjustment of the traction. It is necessary to use several pieces to constitute a stack and allow a length adjustment.
Enfin, le serrage du manchon sur le filetage cônique doit être réalisé avec un coupe donné qu'il est nécessaire de surveiller. Cette opération n'est pas aisée à faire sur un chantier, elle est pourtant indispensable pour des raisons de sécurité. Si le couple de serrage n'est pas atteint, il y a des risques de démanchage et une absence totale de résistance à la traction.Finally, the tightening of the sleeve on the conical thread must be carried out with a given cut which it is necessary to monitor. This operation is not easy to do on a construction site, but it is essential for safety reasons. If the tightening torque is not reached, there is a risk of itching and a total lack of tensile strength.
Sur le plan économique, il s'agit d'une solution onéreuse car l'usinage du manchon est complexe et il est nécessaire notamment de réaliser le taraudage en deux étapes.From an economic point of view, this is an expensive solution since the machining of the sleeve is complex and it is in particular necessary to carry out the tapping in two stages.
En définitive, cette technique oblige à surdimensionner les diamètres de ronds à béton, de l'ordre de 20 %, afin de résister aux efforts qui se concentrent aux extrémités filetées des barres. Son coût est élevé.Ultimately, this technique requires oversizing the diameters of concrete bars, of the order of 20%, in order to resist the forces which are concentrated at the threaded ends of the bars. Its cost is high.
On connait du document GB-1.546.253 une liaison mécanique de ronds à béton, dans laquelle les extrémités filetées des ronds à béton sont assemblées bout à bout à l'aide de manchons taraudés de liaison.Document GB-1.546.253 discloses a mechanical connection of concrete rods, in which the threaded ends of the concrete rods are assembled end to end using tapped connection sleeves.
L'objectif de ce document est de proposer de mettre les filetages des ronds en compression et les filets du manchon en tension ; ceci est autorisé en prévoyant entre les deux taraudages du manchon un espace inférieur à l'espace formé par les deux chanfreins des extrémités des ronds à liaisonner.The objective of this document is to propose to put the threads of the rounds in compression and the threads of the sleeve in tension; this is authorized by providing between the two threads of the sleeve a space less than the space formed by the two chamfers of the ends of the rounds to be bonded.
Cependant, le mode de filetage proposé dans ce document fragilise le rond à béton, comme rappelé ci-dessus, et le rond doit être surdimensionné pour tenir compte de la faiblesse localisée à l'endroit du filetage.However, the method of threading proposed in this document weakens the concrete rod, as recalled above, and the circle must be oversized to take account of the weakness localized at the place of the threading.
Une autre liaison mécanique est également utilisée; il s'agit du sertissage des extrémités de ronds à unir. A cet effet, on utilise une douille dans laquelle sont enfilées les deux extrémités des ronds à béton. A l'aide d'un vérin et d'une presse, on vient sertir la douille sur les ronds à béton.Another mechanical connection is also used; it is the crimping of the ends of rounds to be joined. For this purpose, a sleeve is used in which the two ends of the concrete rods are threaded. Using a jack and a press, the bush is crimped onto the concrete bars.
Cette technique présente des risques élevés de glissement du fait du sertissage, délicat à réaliser et difficilement contrôlable. Ce défaut abaisse considérablement la résistance mécanique de la liaison. Il est souvent mal aisé sur un chantier de placer une presse au niveau de la douille à sertir. De plus, l'emploi d'une presse est coûteux.This technique presents high risks of slipping due to crimping, which is difficult to carry out and difficult to control. This defect considerably lowers the mechanical resistance of the connection. It is often difficult on a construction site to place a press at the level of the crimping sleeve. In addition, the use of a press is expensive.
On connait du document FR-1-1.047.189 un procédé d'attache pour fils et barres métalliques dans lequel l'attache est essentiellement constituée par une tête refoulée troncônique, estampée à froid, ce après introduction du fil ou de la barre dans les pièces de fixation. La forme de la tête est telle que c'est elle qui donne à l'attache l'appui nécessaire et une résistance au cisaillement suffisante pour reporter les dangers de rupture dans le fil ou dans la barre.Document FR-1-1.047.189 discloses a fastening process for wires and metal bars in which the fastening is essentially constituted by a frusto-conical pressurized head, cold stamped, this after introduction of the wire or the bar into the fasteners. The shape of the head is such that it gives the fastener the necessary support and sufficient shear strength to transfer the danger of breaking into the wire or the bar.
Cela étant, sur le plan de la réglementation quant à l'utilisation de telles liaisons mécaniques de ronds à béton, il est naturellement prescrit que celles-ci doivent être aptes à résister aux efforts ultimes de rupture et certaisn pays, notamment anglo-saxons, imposent des normes de contrôle de glissement très sévères.However, in terms of regulations regarding the use of such mechanical round to concrete, it is naturally prescribed that these must be able to withstand the ultimate breaking forces and certain countries, in particular Anglo-Saxons, impose very strict slip control standards.
Par exemple en Grande-Bretagne, la norme BS-81 10 : par 1: 1985-3.12.8.16.2 dispose que des ronds à béton assemblés au moyen d'un manchon de liaison doivent pouvoir subir un test de traction dans lequel les ronds sont soumis à une effort correspondnat à 60 de la limite élastique et à la suite duquel l'allongement permanent ne doit pas excéder 0,1 mm.For example in Great Britain, standard BS-81 10: par 1: 1985-3.12.8.16.2 stipulates that concrete reinforcing bars assembled by means of a connecting sleeve must be able to undergo a tensile test in which the circles are subjected to a force corresponding to 60 of the elastic limit and after which the permanent elongation must not exceed 0.1 mm.
Dans d'autres pays, ces normes sont encore plus sévères. Par exemple aux Etats Unis, l'effort appliqué correspond à 80 % de la résistance élastique. Des tests similaires sont également appliqués dans le domaine du nucléaire.In other countries, these standards are even more stringent. For example in the United States, the applied force corresponds to 80% of the elastic resistance. Similar tests are also applied in the nuclear field.
Ces tests, lorsqu'ils sont effectués sur le site, sont délicats à mettre en oeuvre, nécessitent l'emploi sur le chantier de clés dynamométriques ce qui augmente le cout de la liaison réalisée.These tests, when carried out on site, are difficult to implement and require the use of torque wrenches on site, which increases the cost of the connection made.
Par ailleurs, si l'usinage des différents éléments n'a pas été réalisé avec précision, il se peut que lors de l'essai, la liaison mécanique ne respecte pas les critères de ces normes. Il est alors nécessaire de recommencer la liaison, ce qui n'est pas sans importance sur le coût de revient. Toutefois, des fabrications avec une précision importante nécessitent une main d'oeuvre et une attention particulière telles que la solution n'est pas économique.In addition, if the machining of the various elements has not been carried out with precision, it may be that during the test, the mechanical connection does not meet the criteria of these standards. It is then necessary to start the connection again, which is not without importance on the cost price. However, manufacturing with high precision requires manpower and special attention such that the solution is not economical.
Le but principal de la présente invention est de présenter un procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton, à un rond a béton autorisant la mise en oeuvre du dit procédé ainsi qu'à une liaison mécanique de ronds à béton ainsi réalisée qui offrent les avantages d'une grande sécurité d'emploi, d'une mise en oeuvre aisée et d'un cout compétitif, tout en palliant les inconvénients des systèmes connus.The main object of the present invention is to present a method of making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, to a concrete rod authorizing the implementation of said method as well as to a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced which offer the advantages of high job security, easy implementation and competitive cost, while overcoming the drawbacks of known systems.
Sur le plan de la sécurité d'utilisation, grâce à la présente invention, les essais de traction qui ont été menés montrent que la rupture se produit toujours en pleine barre et non plus au niveau de la liaison mécanique comme cela se rencontre traditionnellement. Par conséquent, la liaison mécanique de la présente invention ne constitue pas une zone de faiblesse.In terms of safety of use, thanks to the present invention, the tensile tests which have been carried out show that the rupture always occurs in full bar and no longer at the level of the mechanical connection as is traditionally encountered. Consequently, the mechanical connection of the present invention does not constitute a zone of weakness.
En outre, la facilité de mise en oeuvre est procurée grâce à l'emploi d'un manchon de liaison taraudé. Cette technique permet notamment un réglage du positionnement des ronds à béton et le matériel de serrage est limité, ce qui est particulièrement bien adapté à une utilisation sur chantier.In addition, ease of implementation is provided by the use of a threaded connecting sleeve. This technique allows in particular an adjustment of the positioning of the concrete bars and the clamping material is limited, which is particularly well suited for use on site.
Sur le plan économique, la technique de la présente invention nécessite un usinage limité et l'emploi de moyens conventionnels non contraignants.Economically, the technique of the present invention requires limited machining and the use of conventional, non-binding means.
Un des buts de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton, ainsi qu'à une liaison mécanique de ronds à béton ainsi réalisée, qui permettent de respecter les critères très sévères de déformation imposées par certaines normes ou certains règlements imposant des essais jusque 80 % de la résistance élastique.One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for producing a mechanical connection of concrete rods, as well as a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced, which make it possible to comply with the very severe criteria of deformation imposed by certain standards. or certain regulations imposing tests up to 80% of the elastic resistance.
Un des buts de la présente invention est de proposer un procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton qui permette de réaliser des liaisons mécaniques dans lesquelles tous les ronds à béton filetés sont testés, ce qui est fondamental sur le plan contrôle de qualité et ce qui apporte une garantie importante pour l'ouvrage.One of the aims of the present invention is to propose a method for making a mechanical connection of concrete rods which makes it possible to make mechanical connections in which all the threaded concrete rods are tested, which is fundamental in terms of quality control and which provides an important guarantee for the structure.
Jusqu'à présent, les techniques connues permettraient, certes, de réaliser des liaisons mécaniques mais seules les pièces testées faisaient foi. La présente invention montre une avance importante vers la fiabilité à 100 % par le fait que tous les ronds à béton sont testés.Until now, known techniques would certainly allow mechanical connections to be made, but only the parts tested were authentic. The present invention shows a significant advance towards 100% reliability by the fact that all the concrete bars are tested.
D'autres buts et avantages de la présente invention seront exposés dans la description suivante qui n'est pourtant donnée qu'à titre indicatif et qui n'a pas pour but de la limiter.Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be explained in the following description which is however only given for information and which is not intended to limit it.
Selon l'invention, le procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton, qui trouvera notamment son application dans le domaine de la construction d'éléments ou d'édifices en béton, par lequel on permet la liaison de ronds à béton, de section nomale "Φ" et dont les extrémités sont filetées, à l'aide de manchons taraudés de liaison, est caractérisé par le fait que :
- préalablement au filetage, on refoule à froid la ou les extrémités des ronds à béton à liaisonner, afin de réaliser une zone renforcée de diamètre "d1" supérieur à la dite section nominale "Φ",
- on réalise le filetage sur la dite zone renforcée tel que le diamètre à fond de filet "d2" soit égal ou supérieur à la dite section nominale "Φ".
- prior to threading, the end or ends of the concrete rods to be bonded are cold-pressed, in order to produce a reinforced zone with a diameter "d 1 " greater than said nominal section "Φ",
- threading is carried out on said reinforced zone such that the diameter at the bottom of the thread "d 2 " is equal to or greater than said nominal section "Φ".
En outre, la liaison mécanique de rond à béton obtenue par la mise en oeuvre du procédé de la présente invention, comprenant au moins un manchon de liaison présentant au moins un taraudage intérieur, ainsi qu'un rond à béton à liaisonner présentant une section nominale "Φ" et au moins une extrémité à liaisonner, est caractérisée par le fait que la dite extrémité à liaisonner présente au moins une zone renforcée par refoulement à froid, portant une partie filetée et correspondant au dit taraudage, la dite zone renforcée présentant une section de diamètre "d1" supérieur à la dite section nominale "Φ", la dite partie filetée présentant un diamètre à fond de filet "d2", et étant prévue sur la dite zone renforcée tel que le diamètre "d2" soit égal ou supérieur à la section nominale "Φ".In addition, the mechanical connection of concrete rod obtained by the implementation of the method of the present invention, comprising at least one connecting sleeve having at least one internal thread, as well as a concrete rod to be bonded having a nominal section. "Φ" and at least one end to be bonded, is characterized in that the said end to be bonded has at least one zone reinforced by cold delivery, carrying a threaded portion and corresponding to said tapping, said reinforced zone having a section of diameter "d 1 " greater at said nominal section "Φ", said threaded part having a bottom diameter "d 2 ", and being provided on said reinforced zone such that the diameter "d 2 " is equal to or greater than the nominal section " Φ ".
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description suivante accompagnée de dessins en annexe parmi lesquels:
- la figure 1 schématise la liaison de deux ronds à béton selon une mise en oeuvre de la présente invention.
- la figure 2 illustre une liaison mécanique de ronds à béton fixes,
- la figure 3 illustre un troisième exemple de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton au niveau d'un point d'ancrage,
- la figure 4 montre schématiquement un dispositif de précontrainte des ronds à béton selon la présente invention,
- la figure 5 montre schématiquement une variante d'exécution du dispositif de précontrainte de la figure 4.
- Figure 1 shows schematically the connection of two concrete rods according to an implementation of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a mechanical connection of fixed concrete rods,
- FIG. 3 illustrates a third example of a mechanical connection of concrete rods at an anchor point,
- FIG. 4 schematically shows a device for prestressing concrete bars according to the present invention,
- FIG. 5 schematically shows an alternative embodiment of the prestressing device of FIG. 4.
La présente invention vise un procédé de réalisation de liaison mécanique de ronds à béton, à un rond à béton autorisant la mise en oeuvre du dit procédé, ainsi qu'à une liaison mécanique de ronds à béton ainsi réalisée qui trouveront notamment leurs applications dans le domaine de la construction d'éléments en béton, de bâtiments ou d'édifices.The present invention relates to a method for making a mechanical connection of concrete rods, to a concrete rod authorizing the implementation of said method, as well as to a mechanical connection of concrete rods thus produced which will find their applications in particular in construction of concrete elements, buildings or buildings.
Dans ce domaine, on utilise des tirants qui traversent de part en part les éléments de béton et qui sont placés sous tension pour engendrer un effort de compression dans le béton. Le réglage de l'effort de traction et le choix de l'emplacement des tirants doivent soigneusement être déterminés par des calculs préalables.In this area, tie rods are used which pass right through the concrete elements and which are placed under tension to generate a compressive force in the concrete. The adjustment of the tensile force and the choice of the location of the tie rods must be carefully determined by preliminary calculations.
Dans la pratique, les tirants sont formés par une association de ronds à béton placés bout à bout. La jonction utilisée pour solidariser les ronds à béton doit pouvoir encaisser l'effort de traction, être facilement mise en place et également être économique.In practice, the tie rods are formed by a combination of concrete bars placed end to end. The junction used to secure the concrete reinforcing bars must be able to withstand the tensile force, be easily installed and also be economical.
Actuellement, plusieurs solutions telles que jonction par recouvrement ou par sertissage sont proposées mais elles obligent de sérieux impératifs pour sa mise en oeuvre et présentent de nombreux inconvénients.Currently, several solutions such as overlap or crimp junction are proposed but they impose serious imperatives for its implementation and have many drawbacks.
La liaison mécanique de la présente invention permet d'assurer la fixation de deux ronds à béton 1 et 2, bout à bout, sensiblement coaxialement tel que cela est illustré à la figure 1. Un manchon taraudé 3 de liaison est utilisé pour recevoir les extrémités filetées 4 et 5 respectives des ronds à béton 1 et 2.The mechanical connection of the present invention makes it possible to secure two
En ce qui concerne les filetages et taraudages, on peut envisager deux solutions, à savoir : utilisation d'extrémités de barres présentant un même filetage droit ou gauche, dans ce cas, il est nécessaire d'obtenir le serrage par rotation de la barre 1 ou 2 ; ou alors utilisation d'extrémités filetées 4 et 5 présentant un pas de filetage inverse, droit et gauche, de même pour le manchon taraude 3, auquel cas le serrage est obtenu par rotation du manchon 3 de raccord. La mise en oeuvre de la présente invention ne crée aucune limitation à ce niveau.With regard to threads and internal threads, two solutions can be envisaged, namely: use of bar ends having the same right or left thread, in this case, it is necessary to obtain the tightening by rotation of the
Toutefois, si un simple filetage est pratiqué à l'extrémité des ronds à béton 1 et 2, les essais de traction montrent que la rupture des barres se produit toujours à l'endroit du filetage de l'une d'entre elles. On peut expliquer ce phénomène par le fait que la section de la barre est réduite à cet endroit. En effet, le filetage pratiquée à la surface du rond à béton entame la section et celle-ci étant moindre, il se crée une faiblesse.However, if a simple thread is made at the end of the
Avec la liaison mécanique de la présente invention, on procédé au renforcement de l'extrémité du rond à béton, de telle sorte que celle-ci soit plus résistante que la partie centrale de la barre.With the mechanical connection of the present invention, the end of the concrete reinforcing bar is reinforced, so that it is more resistant than the central part of the bar.
Ainsi, en cas de traction, la rupture se produit dans la partie centrale de la barre et non plus au niveau de la jonction. Le choix de la section du rond à béton peut se faire en fonction de la résistance à obtenir dans la partie centrale de la barre et non plus dans la partie fragilisée de la liaison comme cela se rencontre traditionnellement. A résistance égale, les ronds à béton utilisés dans le cadre de la présente invention seront de section plus faible, ce qui permet de réaliser une économie substantielle.Thus, in the event of traction, the rupture occurs in the central part of the bar and no longer at the junction. The choice of the section of the concrete reinforcing bar can be made according to the resistance to be obtained in the central part of the bar and no longer in the weakened part of the connection as is traditionally encountered. For equal strength, the concrete rods used in the context of the present invention will be of smaller cross section, which allows substantial savings to be made.
Selon la caractéristique principale de la présente invention, le renforcement de l'extrémité du rond à béton à liaisonner est obtenu, préalablement au filetage, par un refoulement réalisé à froid.According to the main feature of the present invention, the reinforcement of the end of the concrete rod to be bonded is obtained, prior to threading, by a cold discharge.
Il faut insister sur le caractère limité de l'opération contraire aux usages dans le domaine. La technique traditionnelle de refoulement à froid veut que l'on obtienne des modifications dimensionnelles de la pièce usinée supérieure à 30 %. Par exemple, un diamètre de 40 mm refoulé à froid selon les techniques traditionnelles amène un diamètre de l'ordre de 55 mm. Or, une telle déformation de la matière ne procure pas les résultats escomptés et on aboutit à une perte de résistance. Celle-ci se localise essentiellement au niveau de la zone de changement de diamètre. Des essais de traction montrent que la rupture se produit à ce niveau.We must emphasize the limited nature of the operation, contrary to custom in the field. The traditional cold backflow technique requires dimensional changes in the workpiece to be greater than 30%. For example, a diameter of 40 mm cold pressed using traditional techniques leads to a diameter of around 55 mm. However, such a deformation of the material does not provide the expected results and there is a loss of strength. This is mainly located at the level of the diameter change zone. Tensile tests show that failure occurs at this level.
Selon l'invention, l'extrémité est renforcée sur la longueur du filetage par un refoulement réalisé à froid qui procure un accroissement des diamètres, égal ou inférieur à 30 %, et notamment compris entre 10 et 30 %.According to the invention, the end is reinforced over the length of the thread by a cold delivery which provides an increase in diameters, equal to or less than 30%, and in particular between 10 and 30%.
Cette valeur permet à la fois d'obtenir un accroissement de la résistance due à l'augmentation de la section et également une augmentation faible de contrainte interne pour ne pas fragiliser le rond à béton au niveau du changement de diamètre.This value makes it possible both to obtain an increase in resistance due to the increase in section and also a slight increase in internal stress so as not to weaken the concrete reinforcing bar at the level of the change in diameter.
Le tableau 1 ci-dessous indique, à titre d'exemple, des valeurs de diamètre d1 de refoulement à obtenir avant filetage en fonction du diamètre φ nominal de la barre employée donnant de bons résultats à l'usage.
Les valeurs indiquées montrent que le refoulement à froid peut être en pourcentage d'autant plus faible que le diamètre de la barre est important. La section du rond en béton au niveau du fond de filet d2 de l'extrémité refoulée doit être au moins légèrement supérieure à la section courante φ du rond à béton à raccorder.The values indicated show that the cold discharge can be in percentage the smaller the larger the diameter of the bar. The section of the concrete ring at the level of the thread d 2 of the discharge end must be at least slightly greater than the current section φ of the concrete round to be connected.
L'opération de refoulement de la présente invention doit être effectuée à froid. En effet, un refoulement à chaud présente l'inconvénient de fragiliser la zone de transition en raison du refroidissement non contrôle. Il se produit généralement une hyper-trempe qui affaiblit le métal. Le procédé à chaud doit aussi être mis en oeuvre hors chantier car il nécessite des fours qui doivent être alimentés en énergie souvent non disponible sur le chantier.The delivery operation of the present invention must be carried out cold. Indeed, a hot discharge has the drawback of weakening the transition zone due to uncontrolled cooling. Generally, hyper-quenching occurs which weakens the metal. The hot process must also be implemented off site because it requires ovens which must be supplied with energy often not available on site.
Les ronds en béton, étant généralement réalisés dans des aciers à forte teneur en carbone et manganèse, sont donc très sensibles aux chocs thermiques et le refoulement à froid est par conséquent préconisé.Concrete rounds, being generally made of steels with a high carbon and manganese content, are therefore very sensitive to thermal shock and cold delivery is therefore recommended.
La longueur du filetage réalisé à l'extrémité des ronds à béton devra correspondre sensiblement au diamètre φ du dit rond pour se ménager une sécurité, étant donné que des longueurs de filetage de 0,7 fois le diamètre suffisent pour résister à la traction. Toutefois, elle pourrait être supérieure.The length of the thread produced at the end of the concrete rounds must correspond appreciably to the diameter φ of the said round to provide safety, since thread lengths of 0.7 times the diameter are sufficient to resist traction. However, it could be higher.
La liaison mécanique de la présente invention pourra également être mise en oeuvre dans le cas de ronds à béton fixes, que l'on ne peut écarter tel que cela est illustré à la figure 2. Dans ce cas, l'une des barres 1 comporte un filetage 4 de longueur double réalisé autour d'une extrémité refoulée, et le manchon 3 placé initialement autour du filetage 4 sera déplacé par rotation pour venir recouvrir le filetage des ronds à béton 2. Les filetages 4 et 5 auront un pas de même sens.The mechanical connection of the present invention may also be implemented in the case of fixed concrete rods, which cannot be spread apart as illustrated in FIG. 2. In this case, one of the
Il faut également que la mise en oeuvre de la liaison mécanique de la présente invention puisse également être réalisée au niveau de points d'ancrage de ronds à béton 1 tel que cela est illustré à la figure 3. Dans ce cas, l'extrémité filetée 4 du rond à béton reçoit préalablement un refoulement réalisé à froid pour le renforcer, et cette extrémité est fixée sur une douille d'ancrage 6 solidaire du bloc 7 de béton.It is also necessary that the implementation of the mechanical connection of the present invention can also be carried out at the level of anchor points for
Par ailleurs, pour résister aux tests de traction imposés par certaines normes de sécurité, l'extrémité 4 et/ou 5 du rond à béton 1 et/ou 2, renforcée par un refoulement, est précontrainte.Furthermore, to withstand the tensile tests imposed by certain safety standards, the end 4 and / or 5 of the
Cette contrainte permet d'annuler tous les déplacements et allongements des ronds à béton et notamment de leurs extrémités lors des tests de sécurité mis en oeuvre.This constraint makes it possible to cancel all the displacements and elongations of the concrete reinforcing bars and in particular of their ends during the safety tests implemented.
De plus, grâce à cette contrainte, il n'est plus nécessaire d'employer sur le chantier des clés dynamométriques ni de réaliser les filetages avec une précision mécanique très importante.In addition, thanks to this constraint, it is no longer necessary to use torque wrenches on site or to perform threads with very high mechanical precision.
Ainsi, pour réaliser les liaisons mécaniques de ronds à béton selon la présente invention, on procède de la manière suivante:
- préalablement au filetage, on refoule à froid la ou les extrémités 4, 5 des ronds à béton 1, 2 à liaisonner,
- ensuite, on réalise le filetage de la ou les extrémités refoulées 4, 5, selon des techniques de filetage tout à fait traditionnelles,
- enfin, on contraint mécaniquement par compression la ou les extrémités 4, 5 refoulées filetées du rond à béton, ce préalablement au montage de la liaison sur site.
- before threading, cold end (s) 4, 5 of the
1, 2 are bonded,concrete rods - then, the threaded end (s) 4, 5 are threaded according to completely traditional threading techniques,
- finally, the forced end or ends 4, 5 are forced mechanically by compression of the concrete ring, this prior to mounting the connection on site.
Pour procéder à cette contrainte, les figures 4 et 5 illustrent à titre d'exemple deux appareils pouvant être utilisés.To proceed with this constraint, Figures 4 and 5 illustrate by way of example two devices that can be used.
Pour contraindre l'extrémité refoulée filetée 4 du rond à béton 1 par exemple, on dispose sur celle-ci un manchon fileté d'appui 11 puis on immobilise le rond à béton ainsi équipé et on soumet l'extrémité considérée 4 à l'action d'un vérin 6 ou similaire.To constrain the threaded driven end 4 of the
Dans le cas de la figure 4, l'extrémité 4 du rond à contraindre équipée de son manchon d'appui 11 est insérée entre une plaque d'appui 7 et l'extrémité 8 du vérin.In the case of FIG. 4, the end 4 of the constraining ring equipped with its
Lorsque le vérin 6 est actionné, on vient alors bloquer le manchon 11 sur la plaque d'appui 7 et le vérin agit directement sur l'extrémité à contraindre. En outre, afin de marquer l'extrémité contrainte, l'extrémité 8 du vérin peut être équipée d'un poinçon qui réalise une marque indélébile au niveau de l'extrémité refoulée 4.When the
La figure 5 montre une procédure tout à fait équivalente, mais inversée, dans laquelle on met en oeuvre un manchon d'appui fileté 11 et une plaque d'appui 7. Mais, dans ce cas, c'est le corps du rond à béton 1 qui est bloqué, par tout dispositif de pinces, schématisé en 9 sur la figure, et le vérin agit sur la plaque d'appui 7, selon le sens des flèches 10, action qui se répercute sur le manchon fileté d'appui 11 pour réaliser la contrainte de l'extrémité 4.Figure 5 shows a completely equivalent procedure, but reversed, in which one implements a threaded
Selon les critères des normes à respecter, on effectue une contrainte mécanique de compression avec une force équivalente comprise entre 70 et 95 % de la limite élastique du rond à béton.According to the criteria of the standards to be observed, a mechanical compression stress is carried out with an equivalent force of between 70 and 95% of the elastic limit of the concrete reinforcing bar.
Ce procédé de réalisation de rond à béton permet donc l'obtention d'un rond à béton 1 ou 2 présentant une extrémité refoulée filetée contrainte 4 ou 5.This method of producing a concrete reinforcing bar therefore makes it possible to obtain a
Naturellement, d'autres mises en oeuvre de la présente invention, à la portée de l'Homme de l'Art, auraient pu être envisagées sans pour autant sortir du cadre de celle-ci, tel qu'il est defini par les revendications.Naturally, other embodiments of the present invention, within the reach of ordinary skill in the art, could have been envisaged without departing from the scope thereof, as defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
- Process for producing mechanical connections for concrete reinforcing rods which will find an application, in particular, in the field of concrete element or building construction, permitting the connection of concrete reinforcing rods (1, 2) having a nominal cross-section "Φ" and the ends of which are threaded (4, 5), using internally threaded connecting sleeves (3), characterized by the fact that:- prior to threading, the end or ends (4, 5) of the concrete reinforcing rods (1, 2) to be connected undergo cold upsetting, in order to produce a reinforced area having a diameter "d1" greater than the said nominal cross-section "Φ",- the threading is carried out on the said reinforced area such that the diameter "d2" at thread bottom is equal to or greater than the said nominal cross-section "Φ".
- Process according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the upsetting is carried out over the length of threaded portion of the said end (4, 5).
- Process according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that upsetting is carried out corresponding to an increase in the diameter of the connected portion equal to or less than 30 %.
- Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that, following the threading of the upset end or ends (4, 5) and prior to effecting the connection on site, the threaded upset end or ends (4, 5) is/are subjected to mechanical compression.
- Process according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that mechanical compression is carried out with an equivalent force of between 70 and 95 % of the elastic limit of the concrete reinforcing rod.
- Mechanical connection for a concrete reinforcing rod which will find an application in the concrete element or building construction field, obtained by implementing the process according to claim 1, including at least one connecting sleeve (3) having at least one internally threaded portion, as well as a concrete reinforcing rod (1, 2) for connection having a nominal cross-section "Φ" and at least one end for connection,
characterized by the fact that the said end for connection has at least one area reinforced by cold upsetting, bearing a threaded portion and corresponding to the said internally threaded portion, the said reinforced area having a cross-section with a diameter "d1" greater than the said nominal cross-section "Φ", the said threaded portion having a diameter "d2" at thread bottom and being provided over the said reinforced area such that the diameter "d2" is equal to or greater than the nominal cross-section "Φ". - Mechanical connection for a concrete reinforcing rod according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the upsetting corresponds to an increase in the diameter of the connected portion equal to or less than 30%.
- Mechanical connection according to claim 7, characterized by the fact that the extent of upsetting is all the greater the smaller the diameter of the connected reinforcing rod and corresponds at least to the depth of the threading produced.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT88403093T ATE84836T1 (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-12-06 | METHOD OF REALIZATION OF MECHANICAL REINFORCING JOINTS, REBAR JOINT FOR SUCH METHOD, AND RESULTINGLY OBTAINED MECHANICAL REBAR JOINING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR8801611A FR2626600B1 (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-02-03 | MECHANICAL CONNECTION OF CONCRETE ROUNDS |
FR8801611 | 1988-02-03 | ||
FR8815472 | 1988-11-14 | ||
FR888815472A FR2639054B2 (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-11-14 | IMPROVEMENTS RELATING TO THE MECHANICAL CONNECTION OF CONCRETE ROUND, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SUCH CONNECTIONS AND CONCRETE ROUND OBTAINED BY IMPLEMENTING SAID PROCESS |
Publications (3)
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EP0327770A1 EP0327770A1 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
EP0327770B1 EP0327770B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
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EP88403093A Expired - Lifetime EP0327770B2 (en) | 1988-02-03 | 1988-12-06 | Method of making mechanical bar joints, bar joint making possible the method, and mechanical bar joint made by same |
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US (1) | US5158527A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0327770B2 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH083238B2 (en) |
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CN (1) | CN1035834C (en) |
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FR1047189A (en) * | 1951-07-06 | 1953-12-11 | Fastening process for wire and metal bars | |
US3327380A (en) * | 1964-06-08 | 1967-06-27 | Howlett Machine Works | Prestressing method |
FR1459978A (en) * | 1965-10-12 | 1966-06-17 | Saint Chamond Granat Ets | End bar assembly process |
US3415552A (en) * | 1966-11-29 | 1968-12-10 | Howlett Machine Works | Splicing metallic reinforcing rods with a threaded coupling sleeve |
US3438301A (en) * | 1967-04-10 | 1969-04-15 | Emhart Corp | Hollow rivet and pull-stem assembly for blind fastening or the like |
US3850535A (en) * | 1972-09-11 | 1974-11-26 | Hewlett Machines Works | Connecting means and method for forming reinforcing rod connection |
IT1030609B (en) * | 1974-09-04 | 1979-04-10 | Tag Vertrieb Ag | SYSTEM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF FITTINGS OR HYDRAULIC SEALED JOINTS DIRECTLY ON THE TUBERIES OR SIMILAR DUCTS CONCERNED BY THE SAME FITTINGS FITTINGS ACTIVATING THE AFFECTED SYSTEM AND PIPE DUCTS OR SIMILAR USING SUCH FITTINGS |
JPS5237114B2 (en) * | 1974-09-19 | 1977-09-20 | ||
JPS5238329A (en) * | 1975-09-23 | 1977-03-24 | Kubota Ltd | Selffpropelled farm machinery |
GB1578328A (en) * | 1976-05-14 | 1980-11-05 | Ccl Systems Ltd | Compressing of a sleeve on to concrete-reinforcing bars |
GB1546254A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-05-23 | British Steel Corp | Reinforcing bar joints |
US4143986A (en) * | 1978-01-09 | 1979-03-13 | Antosh Leon A | Rebar splice |
US4484833A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1984-11-27 | Consolidated Metal Products, Inc. | Sucker rod |
US4500224A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-02-19 | Nss, Industries, Inc. | Coupling for sucker rod assembly |
DE3344775C1 (en) * | 1983-12-10 | 1984-10-11 | Berchem & Schaberg Gmbh, 4650 Gelsenkirchen | Tendons for building structures |
GB2162915B (en) * | 1984-08-09 | 1988-06-02 | Allied Steel Wire Ltd | Reinforcing bar joints |
CH665444A5 (en) * | 1985-01-17 | 1988-05-13 | Losinger Ag | INTERMEDIATE ANCHOR ARRANGEMENT FOR PRELOADING COMPONENTS PRODUCED IN SEVERAL STAGES, AND A METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH AN INTERMEDIATE ANCHOR ARRANGEMENT. |
JP2835837B2 (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1998-12-14 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Joint of force transmission material |
US4799307A (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1989-01-24 | Tech Research, Inc. | Anchor apparatus for a tendon in prestressed concrete slab |
DE8600406U1 (en) * | 1986-01-10 | 1986-05-07 | Dyckerhoff & Widmann AG, 81902 München | Prestressing jack for stressing a bundle tendon for prestressed concrete |
US4819469A (en) * | 1987-03-18 | 1989-04-11 | Erico International Corporation | Method for rolling tapered threads on bars |
US5067844A (en) * | 1987-09-28 | 1991-11-26 | Erico International Corporation | Reinforcing bar coupler |
-
1988
- 1988-11-14 FR FR888815472A patent/FR2639054B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 ES ES88403093T patent/ES2039677T5/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 DE DE3877739T patent/DE3877739T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-12-06 EP EP88403093A patent/EP0327770B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-01-23 CA CA000588921A patent/CA1327893C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-27 US US07/302,201 patent/US5158527A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-01-30 AU AU28901/89A patent/AU610686B2/en not_active Expired
- 1989-01-30 MY MYPI89000108A patent/MY103809A/en unknown
- 1989-02-02 NO NO890432A patent/NO176848C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-02 FI FI890509A patent/FI90457C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-02 JP JP1022732A patent/JPH083238B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-02-02 DK DK048189A patent/DK48189A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-02 PT PT89599A patent/PT89599B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-02 DK DK048189D patent/DK169359B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-02-03 CN CN89100627A patent/CN1035834C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-02-03 KR KR1019890001291A patent/KR940008311B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-11-04 HK HK1196/93A patent/HK119693A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1998
- 1998-02-27 GR GR980400433T patent/GR3026255T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3877739T2 (en) | 1993-08-19 |
JPH083238B2 (en) | 1996-01-17 |
NO890432D0 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
HK119693A (en) | 1993-11-12 |
PT89599A (en) | 1989-10-04 |
CA1327893C (en) | 1994-03-22 |
PT89599B (en) | 1994-01-31 |
US5158527A (en) | 1992-10-27 |
MY103809A (en) | 1993-09-30 |
GR3026255T3 (en) | 1998-05-29 |
NO890432L (en) | 1989-08-04 |
FI890509A (en) | 1989-08-04 |
DK48189D0 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
ES2039677T3 (en) | 1993-10-01 |
DK169359B1 (en) | 1994-10-10 |
FI890509A0 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
FI90457B (en) | 1993-10-29 |
NO176848C (en) | 1995-06-07 |
DE3877739D1 (en) | 1993-03-04 |
FR2639054A2 (en) | 1990-05-18 |
AU2890189A (en) | 1989-08-03 |
EP0327770A1 (en) | 1989-08-16 |
EP0327770B1 (en) | 1993-01-20 |
DK48189A (en) | 1989-08-04 |
CN1035834C (en) | 1997-09-10 |
KR890013297A (en) | 1989-09-22 |
DE3877739T3 (en) | 1999-01-14 |
NO176848B (en) | 1995-02-27 |
JPH01295958A (en) | 1989-11-29 |
FI90457C (en) | 1994-10-14 |
AU610686B2 (en) | 1991-05-23 |
FR2639054B2 (en) | 1992-07-03 |
ES2039677T5 (en) | 1998-05-01 |
CN1046205A (en) | 1990-10-17 |
KR940008311B1 (en) | 1994-09-12 |
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